CN114833290A - Cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of cold heading processing, and discloses a cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing. Transfer; ECAP mold has ECAP mold cavity, ECAP mold cavity is used to receive alloy steel billet rod and output ECAP billet rod; cold heading forming mold has cold heading forming cavity; cold heading forming cavity is used to receive ECAP billet rod; stamping mechanism is used to The alloy steel billet rod is punched to form the ECAP billet rod, and the ECAP billet rod is used for cold heading. The support mechanism includes a driving crank connecting rod and a self-locking crank. The output end of the driving crank connecting rod is hinged with the self-locking crank, and the self-locking crank There is a push support section for pushing and supporting the ECAP billet rod. When the push support section supports the ECAP billet rod, the driving crank connecting rod is in a straight line, and the straight line is used as a self-locking straight line, self-locking straight line and cold heading forming. The axes of the cavities are coincident or parallel.

Description

A cold heading forming system based on ECAP process

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of cold heading processing, in particular to a cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing.

Background technique

Replacing the original processing originals and methods, and using new processing originals, new processes and new methods to process and form aviation fasteners is to improve the performance of aviation fasteners and reduce production costs. Current or future development goals of forming aviation fasteners .

For the processing and manufacturing methods of rivet fasteners, there are mainly processing methods such as organic processing, casting, cold heading and hot pier. Among them, cold heading has the advantages of simple process, low cost, high efficiency, and no need for post-heat treatment. piece of craftsmanship. The traditional cold heading processing technology has small plastic deformation and insufficient strengthening effect on material properties, resulting in the mechanical properties of rivets not meeting the predetermined requirements in some applications. Equal-channel angular extrusion processing technology (ECAP technology) is a processing method of large plastic deformation and severe plastic deformation. During the deformation process of metal materials, almost pure shear occurs, so that the grains of metal materials are refined. There is an efficient method for preparing ultrafine-grained materials.

At present, in the specific practice of cold heading forming using ECAP, the automation is still at a very low level, that is, the related labor costs remain high, and the frequent secondary handling also greatly reduces the processing efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing, which can realize the complete automation of cold heading forming based on ECAP, thereby greatly reducing the related labor costs and significantly improving the processing efficiency. .

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing for cold heading forming of an alloy billet bar, characterized in that it includes: a clamping transfer mechanism for clamping Hold and transfer; ECAP mold, located near the transfer mechanism, the ECAP mold has an ECAP mold cavity bent at a right angle, and the ECAP mold cavity is used to receive the alloy billet rod clamped and transferred by the transfer mechanism and output the ECAP-treated billet rod. Alloy steel billet rod, and used as ECAP billet rod; cold heading forming die, located near the ECAP die, cold heading forming die has a straight cold heading forming cavity; ECAP billet bar; support mechanism, located near one side of the cold heading die, the support mechanism is used to push the ECAP billet bar in the cold heading cavity and support it on one side; and punching mechanism, located in the ECAP die and cold heading Between the dies, the stamping mechanism is used for stamping the alloy steel billet rod located in the ECAP mold cavity to form the ECAP billet rod, and for cold heading the ECAP billet rod supported in the cold heading forming cavity, wherein the supporting mechanism includes a driving crank Connecting rod and self-locking crank, the output end of the driving crank connecting rod is hinged with the self-locking crank, and the self-locking crank has a pushing support section for pushing and supporting the ECAP blank rod, when the pushing support section supports the ECAP blank rod When the driving crank connecting rod is in a straight line, the straight line is regarded as a self-locking straight line, and the self-locking straight line is coincident with or parallel to the axis of the cold heading forming cavity.

Preferably, the punching mechanism includes a punching base, a first driving motor, a rotating seat, a second driving motor, a force arm assembly and a punching head assembly, and the rotating seat is horizontally rotatably arranged on the punching base through the first driving motor, and the force The arm assembly includes a first sub-arm, a second sub-arm and a third sub-arm which are hinged in sequence in three sections. The two sub-arms are hingedly arranged on the other end of the first sub-arm, so that the first sub-arm and the second sub-arm form a lever structure in the vertical plane, and the third sub-arm is hingedly arranged on the second sub-arm One end of the arm, so that the second sub-arm and the third sub-arm form a lever structure in the vertical plane, the punching head assembly includes a head base, a punching electric cylinder and a punching head, and the head base is hingedly arranged on the third sub-arm. At one end of the sub-arm, the punching electric cylinder and the punching head are all arranged in the head base, and the punching electric cylinder drives the punching head to move in a straight line, thereby punching the alloy steel billet rod or cold heading the ECAP billet rod.

Further, the end of the punching head along the movement direction is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to feedback the reaction force received by the punching head during punching.

Further, the stamping mechanism also includes a connecting rod, a first driving piston and a second driving piston, the connecting rod includes a first sub-link and a second sub-link that are hinged end-to-end, and the end of the first sub-link is fixed. On the rotating seat, the end of the second sub-link is fixed on the other end of the second sub-arm, so that when the first sub-arm rotates relative to the rotating seat, the first sub-link and the second sub-link are hinged Rotation, thereby driving the second sub-arm to perform lever rotation relative to the first sub-arm, the first driving piston and the second driving piston are both arranged on the second sub-arm, and the output ends of the first driving piston and the second driving piston are respectively It is arranged on the other end of the third sub-arm and the head base, so that when the first driving piston moves, the third sub-arm rotates with a lever relative to the second sub-arm; when the second driving piston moves, the head The base is rotated relative to the third sub-arm.

Preferably, the clamping transfer mechanism comprises a clamping and rotating base, a steering motor, a third driving motor, a clamping rotating arm, a fourth driving motor and a clamping claw unit, the clamping and rotating base is horizontally rotatable by the steering motor, and the clamping One end of the torque arm is vertically rotatable on the clamping rotation base through the third driving motor, and the clamping claw unit is vertically rotatable on the other end of the clamping torque arm through the fourth driving motor.

Further, the clamping claw unit includes a base assembly, a driving electric cylinder, a driving cone rod and a pair of clamping claws, the base assembly is vertically rotatable on the clamping torque arm, and the driving cone rod can be rotated through the driving electric cylinder. It is telescopically arranged on the base assembly, and the tapered end of the driving tapered rod is the output end, and the axis of the driving tapered rod is used as the clamping center axis, and a pair of clamping claws are extended and symmetrically arranged along the clamping center axis. The holding claw is rotatably arranged on the base assembly so as to form a lever structure, and the clamping claw has a root end and a claw end, the distance between the two root ends is smaller than the radius of the cone top surface of the driving cone rod, and the root end is close to the driving cone At the output end of the rod, when the electric cylinder drives the driving taper rod to extend, the driving taper rod synchronously drives a pair of clamping claw levers to rotate by pushing the root end, so that the two claw ends are simultaneously approached to achieve clamping.

Still further, the root end has an arc-shaped profile, the clamping claw also has arc-shaped hinge ears, the clamping claw is hingedly arranged on the base assembly through the arc-shaped hinge ears, and the two arc-shaped hinge ears are circumscribed, and when clamping When the claw lever rotates, the driving taper rod is in rolling contact with the root end, and the two clamping claws are in rolling contact.

Still further, the base assembly includes a first base, a second base, a fifth drive motor, a sixth drive motor, and a third base, and the first base is vertically rotatable and disposed on another part of the clamping arm. On one end, the second base is vertically rotatable on the first base by the fifth drive motor, the third base is vertically rotatable on the second base by the sixth drive motor, and the first The rotation axes of the base and the third base are parallel, and the rotation axes of the second base and the third base are vertical.

Preferably, the ECAP mold cavity extends in an "L" shape, and both ends of the ECAP mold cavity have openings on the surface of the ECAP mold, both ends of the ECAP mold cavity are provided with shielding sensors, and the cold heading forming cavity has a continuous bar cavity and a pier head The cavity, the pass-through cavity and the pier head cavity all have openings on the surface of the cold heading forming die, the support mechanism is located near the opening of the pass-through cavity, and both ends of the pass-through cavity are provided with shielding sensors.

Further, the present invention further includes: a control module with a timer, when the occlusion sensor is occluded, the timer starts counting.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Because the cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing of the present invention includes a clamping transfer mechanism, an ECAP mold, a cold heading forming mold, a support mechanism and a punching mechanism, the clamping transfer mechanism is used for clamping and transfer; the ECAP mold has a right-angle bend. folded ECAP cavity, the ECAP cavity is used to receive the alloy steel billet rod and output the ECAP billet rod; the cold heading forming die has a straight cold heading forming cavity; the cold heading forming cavity is used to receive the ECAP billet rod; the support mechanism is used to The ECAP billet rod is pushed in the cold heading cavity and supported on one side; and the punching mechanism is used to stamp the alloy steel billet rod located in the ECAP cavity to form the ECAP billet rod, and is used to support the ECAP in the cold heading cavity. The billet rod is cold heading, the support mechanism includes a driving crank connecting rod and a self-locking crank, the output end of the driving crank connecting rod is hinged with the self-locking crank, and the self-locking crank has a pushing support section for pushing and supporting the ECAP billet rod , when the supporting section is pushed to support the ECAP billet rod, the driving crank connecting rod is a straight line, and the straight line is regarded as a self-locking straight line, and the self-locking straight line is coincident or parallel with the axis of the cold heading forming cavity. The complete automation of cold heading greatly reduces the associated labor costs and significantly improves processing efficiency.

2. Because the end of the punching head of the present invention along the movement direction is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used to feedback the reaction force that the punching head receives during punching. Therefore, the present invention feedbacks the size of the reaction force through the pressure signal, and uses the signal accurately. The punching force of the punching head is properly controlled, so that the forming quality of the EACP billet bar is better, the forming efficiency is higher, and the cold heading pier head is effectively formed.

3. Because the punching mechanism of the present invention also includes a connecting rod, a first driving piston and a second driving piston, the connecting rod includes a first sub-link and a second sub-link that are hinged end to end, and the end of the first sub-link is The end of the second sub-link is fixed on the other end of the second sub-arm, so that when the first sub-arm rotates relative to the rotating seat, the first sub-link and the second sub-link The connecting rod is hinged and rotated, thereby driving the second sub-arm to rotate relative to the first sub-arm. The first driving piston and the second driving piston are both arranged on the second sub-arm, and the The output ends are respectively arranged on the other end of the third sub-arm and the head base, so that when the first driving piston moves, the third sub-arm performs lever rotation relative to the second sub-arm; the second driving piston moves When , the head base rotates relative to the third sub-arm. Therefore, the present invention effectively realizes the second sub-arm relative to the first sub-arm through a relatively simple structure through the principle of link movement combined with lever rotation. The rotation of the arm, that is, the controllable change of the vertical height of the force arm assembly is effectively realized simply by the first drive motor.

4. Because the root end of the present invention has an arc-shaped profile, the clamping claw also has arc-shaped hinge ears, and the clamping claw is hinged on the base assembly through the arc-shaped hinge ears, and the two arc-shaped hinge ears are circumscribed. When the clamping claw lever rotates, the driving taper rod is in rolling contact with the root end, and the two clamping claws are in rolling contact. Therefore, the present invention effectively reduces the driving taper rod and the root end when the clamping claw frequently performs clamping action through rolling contact. The friction loss at the contact position of the end and the two arc-shaped hinge ears not only keeps the clamping jaws with high accuracy for a long time, but also effectively prolongs the service life of the clamping jaws. Always in external contact with each other, also significantly enhance the stability of the gripper jaw movement.

5. Because the base assembly of the present invention includes the first base, the second base, the fifth drive motor, the sixth drive motor and the third base, the first base can be vertically rotatably arranged on the clamping arm. On the other end, the second base is vertically rotatable on the first base through the fifth drive motor, the third base is vertically rotatable on the second base through the sixth drive motor, and The rotation axes of the first base and the third base are parallel, and the rotation axes of the second base and the third base are vertical. Therefore, the present invention can realize the accurate clamping claw unit in two dimensions of space through the three bases. Controllable rotation.

6. Because the ECAP mold cavity of the present invention extends in an "L" shape and both ends have openings on the surface of the ECAP mold, both ends of the ECAP mold cavity are provided with blocking sensors, and the cold heading forming cavity has a continuous rod cavity. and the pier head cavity, the pass rod cavity and the pier head cavity both have openings on the surface of the cold heading forming die, the support mechanism is located near the opening of the pass rod cavity, and both ends of the pass rod cavity have shielding sensors, therefore, the present invention Feedback of the in and out status of the alloy billet rod in the ECAP cavity or the in and out status of the EACP billet rod in the passing rod cavity through the blocking signal, so as to send action signals to the relevant mechanisms to better complete the automatic control of the corresponding mechanisms of the present invention.

7. Because the present invention also includes: a control module with a timer, when the occlusion sensor is blocked, the timer starts to count. Therefore, the present invention enables the relevant signal to be formed after the occlusion signal is sent out through timing, thereby making the coordination of the present invention possible. more coordinated.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the clamping transfer mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of Fig. 1;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third base, a driving taper rod and a clamping claw according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a third base, a driving taper rod and a clamping claw according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view of an ECAP mold of an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the support mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a punching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an ECAP billet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention being cold-headed in a cold-heading forming die.

In the figure: 10, clamping transfer mechanism, 11, clamping base, 12, clamping arm, 13, clamping claw unit, 131, base assembly, 1311, first base, 1312, second base , 1313, the third base, 132, the drive taper rod, 133, the clamping claw, 133a, the root end, 133b, the claw end, 133c, the arc connection lug, 20, the ECAP mold, 21, the ECAP cavity, 30, Support mechanism, 31, drive crank connecting rod, 311, first crank segment, 312, connecting segment, 32, self-locking crank, 321, second crank segment, 322, support segment, 40, cold heading die, 41, cold Upsetting cavity, 41a, over-rod cavity, 41b, pier head cavity, 50, stamping mechanism, 51, stamping base, 52, rotating seat, 53, lever assembly, 531, first sub-arm, 532, second sub-arm, 533, third sub-arm, 54, connecting link, 541, first sub-link, 542, second sub-link, 55, punch head assembly, 551, head base, 552, punch Head, 56, First Drive Piston, 561, First Oil Cylinder, 562, First Piston Rod, 57, Second Drive Piston, 571, Second Oil Cylinder, 572, Second Piston Rod, E, ECAP Billet Rod.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments describe an ECAP-based cold heading forming system of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that for these The description of the embodiments is used to help the understanding of the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

"Horizontal rotatable" in the description means being able to rotate with the vertical line as the rotation axis in the horizontal plane; "vertically rotatable" means being able to rotate with the horizontal line as the rotation axis in the vertical plane.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the cold heading system based on ECAP treatment in this embodiment is used for cold heading forming of an alloy steel billet bar (not shown in the drawings). Upsetting is to pass the ECAP of the alloy steel billet rod, greatly improve its corresponding physical properties, form an ECAP billet rod, and extrude or impact the end of the ECAP billet rod to cause plastic deformation at the end, so that the ECAP billet rod is formed. The ends form flanges.

The cold heading forming system based on the ECAP process includes a clamping transfer mechanism 10, an ECAP mold 20, a support mechanism 30, a cold heading forming mold 40, a punching mechanism 50, and a control module (not shown in the drawings).

The clamping transfer mechanism 10 is used for clamping and transporting, and includes a clamping and rotating base 11, a steering motor (not shown in the drawings), a third driving motor (not shown in the drawings), a clamping and rotating force arm 12, and a third driving motor (not shown in the drawings). Four drive motors (not shown in the drawings) and gripper jaw units 13 .

The clamping base 11 is set to be horizontally rotatable by the steering motor, one end of the clamping arm 12 is vertically rotatable on the clamping base 11 by the third driving motor, and the clamping claw unit 13 is set by the fourth driving motor The other end of the clamping arm 12 is vertically rotatable. Specifically, the clamping arm 12 and the rotation axis of the clamping claw unit 13 are parallel to each other.

The clamping jaw unit 13 includes a base assembly 131, a driving electric cylinder (not shown in the drawings), a driving taper rod 132, and a pair of clamping jaws 133.

The base assembly 131 is vertically rotatable on the clamping arm 12, and the base assembly 131 includes a first base 1311, a second base 1312, a fifth drive motor (not shown in the drawings), a sixth base A driving motor (not shown in the drawings) and the third base 1313.

The first base 1311 is vertically rotatable on the other end of the clamping arm 12, the second base 1312 is vertically rotatable on the first base 1311 by the fifth drive motor, and the third base 1313 is vertically rotatable on the second base 1312 through the sixth drive motor, and the rotation axes of the first base 1311 and the third base 1313 are parallel, and the rotation of the second base 1312 and the third base 1313 The axis is vertical. Specifically, the second base 1312 is in a “concave” shape and its free end is concave, and the third base 1313 is embedded in the second base 1312 .

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the driving taper rod 132 is telescopically arranged on the third base 1313 through the driving electric cylinder, and the tapered end of the driving taper rod 132 is the output end and faces the clamping claw unit 13 . the exterior.

Taking the axis of the driving taper rod 132 as the clamping center axis (not shown in the drawings), a pair of clamping claws 133 are extended and symmetrically arranged along the clamping center axis. On the base 1313, a lever structure is formed. Specifically, the position when the clamping claw 133 does not move and the position of the driving taper rod 132 at this time are taken as the initial position.

The clamping claw 133 has a root end 133a, a claw end 133b and an arc-shaped connecting lug 133c.

The root end 133a is close to the output end of the driving taper rod 132, and the distance between the two root ends 133a at the initial position is smaller than the radius of the cone top surface of the driving taper rod 132. When the driving electric cylinder drives the driving taper rod 132 to extend, the driving taper rod 132 By pushing the root end 133a, the pair of clamping claws 133 are driven to rotate synchronously, so that the two claw ends 133b are moved toward each other at the same time to realize the clamping action. The hinge lugs 133c are hingedly arranged on the third base 1313, and the two arc hinge lugs 1313 are always circumscribed. When the clamping claw 133 is rotated, the driving taper rod 132 is in rolling contact with the root end 133a, and the two clamping The pawl 133 is in full rolling contact.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the ECAP mold 20 is located near the clamping and transferring mechanism 10 . The ECAP mold 20 has an ECAP mold cavity 21 bent at a right angle, and the ECAP mold cavity 21 is used to receive the alloy steel billet clamped and transferred by the clamping and transferring mechanism 10 . The rod and the output ECAP-treated alloy steel billet rod are used as the ECAP billet rod E. Specifically, the ECAP mold cavity 21 extends in an "L" shape and has openings at both ends on the surface of the ECAP mold. The alloy steel billet rod is clamped by The transfer mechanism 10 is fed into the vertical section of the ECAP cavity 21 , and the ECAP billet E is output from the horizontal section of the ECAP cavity 21 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the support mechanism 30 is located near one side of the cold heading mold 40 , and the support mechanism 30 is used to push the ECAP blank E in the cold heading cavity 41 of the cold heading mold 40 and support it on one side .

The support mechanism 30 includes a driving crank connecting rod 31 and a self-locking crank 32 .

The output end of the driving crank connecting rod 31 is hinged with the self-locking crank 32, and the self-locking crank 32 has a pushing support section 322 for pushing and supporting the ECAP blank rod E. When the pushing support section 322 supports the ECAP blank rod E When the driving crank connecting rod 31 is in a straight line, the straight line is regarded as a self-locking straight line, and the self-locking straight line is coincident with or parallel to the axis of the cold heading cavity 41. Specifically, the driving crank connecting rod 31 has a first crank segment 311 and a connecting segment. 312. The self-locking crank 32 has a second crank segment 321 and a support segment 322. The output end of the driving crank connecting rod 31 refers to the free end of the connecting segment 312, which is hingedly arranged on the second crank segment 321. The support segment 322 is connected to the second crank segment 321. The crank sections 321 are not collinear, and the support section 322 is straight, and the driving crank connecting rod 31 is straight means that the first crank section 311 and the connecting section 312 are straight.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the cold heading forming die 40 is located near the ECAP die 20 , and the cold heading forming die 40 has a straight cold heading forming cavity 41 ; Holds the ECAP billet E for transfer.

The cold heading forming cavity 41 has a continuous rod passing cavity 41a and a pier head cavity 41b. Both the rod passing cavity 41a and the pier head cavity 41b have openings on the surface of the cold heading forming die 40, and the support mechanism 30 is located at the opening of the rod passing cavity 41a. nearby.

Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the passing rod cavity 41a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the pier head cavity 41b, so that the junction of the passing rod cavity 41a and the pier head cavity 41b is a stepped structure, and the clamping and transferring mechanism 10 will move from the horizontal section of the ECAP cavity 21 When the output ECAP blank rod E is clamped and transferred to the passing rod cavity 41a, and the ECAP blank rod E is pushed to the predetermined position of the rod passing rod cavity 41a by the support section 322, the self-locking crank 32 forms a support for the ECAP blank rod E. At this time, the ECAP blank rod E is supported. The end of the ECAP billet E protrudes into the pier head cavity 41b.

Specifically, under the premise that the driving crank connecting rod 31 does not rotate, the first crank segment 311 and the connecting segment 312 are in a straight line and coincide with or parallel to the axis of the cold heading cavity 41. At this time, the support mechanism 30 forms a self-locking, That is, the force along the axis of the cold heading cavity 41 cannot change its shape.

The punching mechanism 50 is located between the ECAP die 20 and the cold heading forming die 40. The punching mechanism 50 is used for punching the alloy steel billet rod located in the ECAP die cavity 21 to form the ECAP billet rod E, and for supporting the cold heading forming cavity 41. The inner ECAP billet E is cold heading.

Specifically, after the clamping and transferring mechanism 10 sends the alloy steel billet rod into the vertical section of the ECAP die 20, the punching mechanism 50 performs equal channel right-angle extrusion on the alloy steel billet rod, thereby completing the ECAP treatment of the alloy steel billet rod, so that the It becomes the ECAP billet E, and after the ECAP billet E is supported by the support mechanism 30, the punching mechanism 50 performs cold heading for the end of the ECAP billet E located in the pier head cavity 41b.

The punching mechanism 50 includes a punching base 51, a first driving motor (not shown in the drawings), a rotating seat 52, a second driving motor (not shown in the drawings), a force arm assembly 53, a connecting link 54, a punching Head assembly 55 , first drive piston 56 and second drive piston 57 .

The rotating base 52 is horizontally rotatable on the punching base 51 by the first driving motor.

The lever arm assembly 53 includes a first sub lever arm 531 , a second sub lever arm 532 and a third sub lever arm 533 hinged in sequence in three sections.

One end of the first sub-arm 531 is vertically rotatable on the rotating base 52 through the second driving motor, and the second sub-arm 532 is hingedly arranged on the other end of the first sub-arm 531, so that the first sub-arm 531 The arm 531 and the second sub-arm 532 form a lever structure in the vertical plane, the lever fulcrum is the other end of the first sub-arm 531, and the third sub-arm 533 is hingedly arranged at one end of the second sub-arm 532, thereby The second sub-arm 532 and the third sub-arm 533 form a lever structure in a vertical plane, and the lever fulcrum is the other end of the second sub-arm 532 .

The connecting link 54 includes a first sub-link 541 and a second sub-link 542 that are hinged end to end.

The end of the first sub-link 541 is fixed on the rotating seat 52, and the end of the second sub-link 542 is fixed on the other end of the second sub-arm 532, so that when the first sub-arm 531 is relative to the rotating seat When the 52 rotates, the first sub-link 541 and the second sub-link 542 are hingedly rotated, thereby driving the second sub-arm 532 to perform a lever rotation relative to the first sub-arm 531 .

The punch head assembly 55 includes a head base 551, a punch electric cylinder (not shown in the drawings), and a punch head 552 for performing punching actions.

The head base 551 is hingedly arranged at one end of the third sub-arm 533, the punching electric cylinder and the punching head 552 are both arranged in the head base 551, and the punching electric cylinder drives the punching head 552 to move in a straight line, so as to compress the alloy steel billet. The rod is stamped or cold heading ECAP blank rod E.

The first driving piston 56 and the second driving piston 57 are both arranged on the second sub-arm 532, and the output ends of the first driving piston 56 and the second driving piston 57 are respectively arranged at the other end and the head of the third sub-arm 533 On the base 551, specifically, the first driving piston 56 includes a matching first oil cylinder 561 and a first piston rod 562, and the second driving piston 57 includes a matching second oil cylinder 571 and a second piston rod 572, so that when When the first driving piston 56 is actuated, the third sub-arm 533 is rotated relative to the second sub-arm 532; when the second driving piston 57 is actuated, the head base 551 is rotated relative to the third sub-arm 533, In this embodiment, the first oil cylinder 561 is the output end of the first driving piston 56 , and the second piston rod 572 is the output end of the second driving piston 57 .

The control module includes a processor, a plurality of occlusion sensors (not shown in the drawings), a timer, and a pressure sensor (not shown in the drawings).

Specifically, both ends of the ECAP cavity 21 are provided with occlusion sensors, and both ends of the rod cavity 41a are provided with occlusion sensors. When the occlusion sensors are blocked, a corresponding occlusion signal is sent to the processor, and when the occlusion sensors are blocked. When the timer starts counting, the corresponding duration data is generated and sent to the processor.

Specifically, the end of the punching head 552 along the movement direction is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to feed back the reaction force corresponding to the pressure of the punching surface that the punching head receives during punching through the pressure value data describing the corresponding pressure value, and send the pressure to the punching surface. The processor sends.

In this embodiment, the working process of the control module is as follows:

T1: The processor controls the clamping and transfer mechanism 10 to clamp and transfer the alloy billet rod to the mouth of the vertical section of the ECAP mold cavity 21 and release the alloy steel billet rod to enter the ECAP mold 20;

T2: The processor controls the punching mechanism 50 to perform ECAP processing on the alloy billet rod with the corresponding predetermined impact force based on the pressure value data through the occlusion signal sent by the mouth of the vertical section and after the corresponding predetermined duration determined by the duration data, so as to form a ECAP blank rod E;

T3: Repeat T1 to T2 until the ECAP blank rod E protrudes from the mouth of the vertical section of the ECAP cavity 21;

T4: The processor controls the clamping transfer mechanism 10 to clamp and transfer the ECAP blank rod E to the rod passing cavity 41a through the blocking signal sent by the mouth of the horizontal section;

T5: The processor controls the support mechanism 30 to push the ECAP blank rod E in the rod-passing cavity 41a and form a unilateral support through the blocking signal sent by the mouth of the rod-passing cavity 41a and the corresponding predetermined duration determined by the duration data;

T6: The processor controls the punch 551 to cold heading the end of the ECAP blank rod E based on the pressure value data and the corresponding predetermined pressure through the blocking signal sent by the mouth of the rod cavity 41a and after the corresponding predetermined time period determined by the time period data. .

The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Various deformations or modifications that can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work within the scope of the appended claims still belong to this patent. scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. a cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing, for carrying out cold heading forming by alloy billet bar, it is characterized in that, comprising: Clamping and transferring mechanism for gripping and transferring; The ECAP mold is located near the clamping and transferring mechanism, the ECAP mold has an ECAP mold cavity bent at a right angle, and the ECAP mold cavity is used for receiving the alloy billet rod and the outputting the alloy steel billet bar processed by ECAP and using it as an ECAP billet bar; A cold heading forming mold is located near the ECAP mold, and the cold heading forming mold has a straight cold heading forming cavity; the cold heading forming cavity is used for receiving the ECAP held and transferred by the holding transfer mechanism billet rod; a support mechanism, located adjacent to one side of the cold heading die, the support mechanism is used to push the ECAP billet in the cold heading cavity and perform unilateral support; and A punching mechanism, located between the ECAP die and the cold heading forming die, the punching mechanism is used for punching the alloy steel billet bar located in the ECAP die cavity to form the ECAP billet bar, and for forming the ECAP billet bar The ECAP billet rod supported in the cold heading forming cavity is cold heading, Wherein, the support mechanism includes a drive crank connecting rod and a self-locking crank, The output end of the driving crank connecting rod is hinged with the self-locking crank, and the self-locking crank has a pushing support section for pushing and supporting the ECAP blank rod, When the pushing and supporting section supports the ECAP billet rod, the driving crank connecting rod is a straight line, and the straight line is regarded as a self-locking straight line, and the self-locking straight line is coincident with or parallel to the axis of the cold heading cavity. 2. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Wherein, the punching mechanism includes a punching base, a first driving motor, a rotating seat, a second driving motor, a force arm assembly and a punching head assembly, The rotating seat is horizontally rotatable on the punching base through the first driving motor, The force arm assembly includes a first sub force arm, a second sub force arm and a third sub force arm that are hinged in sequence in three sections, One end of the first sub-arm is vertically rotatable on the rotating seat through the second driving motor, The second sub-arm is hingedly arranged on the other end of the first sub-arm, so that the first sub-arm and the second sub-arm form a lever structure in a vertical plane, The third sub-arm is hingedly arranged at one end of the second sub-arm, so that the second sub-arm and the third sub-arm form a lever structure in a vertical plane, The punching head assembly includes a head base, a punching electric cylinder and a punching head, The head base is hingedly arranged at one end of the third sub-arm, the punching electric cylinder and the punching head are both arranged in the head base, and the punching electric cylinder drives the punching The head moves in a straight line to punch the alloy steel billet or cold heading the ECAP billet. 3. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Wherein, the end of the punching head along the movement direction is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to feedback the reaction force received by the punching head during punching. 4. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Wherein, the punching mechanism further comprises a connecting rod, a first driving piston and a second driving piston, The connecting link includes a first sub-link and a second sub-link that are hinged end to end, The end of the first sub-link is fixed on the rotating seat, and the end of the second sub-link is fixed on the other end of the second sub-arm, Therefore, when the first sub-arm rotates relative to the rotating base, the first sub-link and the second sub-link are hingedly rotated, thereby driving the second sub-arm relative to the first sub-arm. The lever rotates the lever, Both the first driving piston and the second driving piston are arranged on the second sub-arm, and the output ends of the first driving piston and the second driving piston are respectively arranged on the third sub-arm the other end and the head base, Therefore, when the first driving piston moves, the third sub-arm rotates with respect to the second sub-arm; when the second driving piston moves, the head base is relative to the The third sub-arm rotates. 5. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Wherein, the clamping transfer mechanism includes a clamping and rotating base, a steering motor, a third driving motor, a clamping and rotating arm, a fourth driving motor and a clamping claw unit, The clamping and turning base is arranged horizontally and rotatably by the steering motor, and one end of the clamping and turning arm is vertically rotatably arranged on the clamping and turning base by the third driving motor. The claw holding unit is vertically rotatable on the other end of the clamping force arm through the fourth driving motor. 6. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Wherein, the clamping claw unit includes a base assembly, a driving electric cylinder, a driving taper rod and a pair of clamping claws, The base assembly is vertically rotatable on the clamping arm, the drive cone rod is telescopically set on the base assembly through the drive electric cylinder, and the drive cone rod is retractable. The tapered end is the output end, and the axis of the driving tapered rod is used as the clamping center shaft, The pair of clamping claws both extend and are symmetrically arranged along the clamping central axis, the clamping claws are rotatably arranged on the base assembly so as to form a lever structure, and the clamping claws have the root end and the claw end, the distance between the two root ends is smaller than the radius of the cone top surface of the drive taper rod, and the root end is close to the output end of the drive taper rod, When the electric drive cylinder drives the drive taper rod to extend, the drive taper rod synchronously drives a pair of the gripping claw levers to rotate by pushing the root end, so that the two claw ends move toward each other at the same time , to achieve clamping. 7. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: wherein the root end has an arcuate profile, The clamping claw also has arc-shaped hinge ears, the clamping claw is hingedly arranged on the base assembly through the arc-shaped hinge ears, and two of the arc-shaped hinge ears are circumscribed, When the clamping pawl lever rotates, the driving taper rod is in rolling contact with the root end, and the two clamping pawls are in rolling contact. 8. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Wherein, the base assembly includes a first base, a second base, a fifth drive motor, a sixth drive motor and a third base, The first base is vertically rotatable on the other end of the clamping arm, and the second base is vertically rotatable on the first base through the fifth drive motor The third base is vertically rotatable on the second base through the sixth drive motor, and the rotation axes of the first base and the third base are parallel, so The rotation axes of the second base and the third base are vertical. 9. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Wherein, the ECAP mold cavity extends in an "L" shape and both ends thereof have openings on the surface of the ECAP mold, Both ends of the ECAP cavity are provided with occlusion sensors, The cold heading forming cavity has a continuous over-rod cavity and a pier head cavity, and both the over-rod cavity and the pier head cavity have openings on the surface of the cold heading forming die, and the support mechanism is located in the over-rod cavity. Near the opening of the cavity, and both ends of the rod cavity are provided with occlusion sensors. 10. The cold heading forming system based on ECAP processing according to claim 9, characterized in that, further comprising: control module with timer, When the occlusion sensor is occluded, the timer starts counting.

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