CN114832559A - Composite prick array oil mist collecting device and preparation method and collecting method thereof - Google Patents
Composite prick array oil mist collecting device and preparation method and collecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114832559A CN114832559A CN202210480338.6A CN202210480338A CN114832559A CN 114832559 A CN114832559 A CN 114832559A CN 202210480338 A CN202210480338 A CN 202210480338A CN 114832559 A CN114832559 A CN 114832559A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil mist collecting devices, and relates to a composite prick array oil mist collecting device which comprises a plurality of layers of collecting units, wherein each layer of collecting unit comprises a substrate and a plurality of composite pricks transversely arranged on the substrate; the composite prickles are distributed on the substrate in a staggered array, a plurality of through holes are formed in the substrate, and the through holes are formed between every two adjacent composite prickles; the composite stabs comprise an upper half cone and a lower half cone which are integrally connected, the upper half cone is a triangular cone, the lower half cone is a half cone, one side surface of the triangular cone is coplanar with the plane of the half cone, and the triangular cone and the half cone are converged to form a tip; an oleophilic and oleophobic interface is prefabricated on the composite prick, the part between the tip and the oleophilic and oleophobic interface is an oleophilic section, and the part between the oleophilic and oleophobic interface and the root of the composite prick is an oleophobic section. The invention effectively prevents the formation of a substrate liquid film by changing the dropping position of oil drops, and the surface has self-refreshing property, so the invention is particularly suitable for capturing and collecting oil mist with higher viscosity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil mist collecting devices, and particularly relates to a composite prick array oil mist collecting device and a preparation method and a collecting method thereof.
Background
The use of lubricating and cutting oils in the industry produces a large amount of oil mist. The micron-sized oil mist accounts for a large proportion, the particle size of the micron-sized oil mist is small, the micron-sized oil mist can be inhaled by a human body to cause human diseases, if the generated oil mist cannot be collected in time and is discharged into the atmosphere after being separated from the air, the atmosphere can be greatly polluted, and even serious environmental pollution such as haze and the like is caused. And the oil mist particles with the particle size of less than 100 microns cannot settle by means of the gravity of the oil mist particles, and the collection of the oil mist particles is difficult due to the size of the particle size. In addition, because of the high viscosity of oil, no matter the oil is collected by a mechanical collection method or a chemical collection method, the collection device is subjected to the condition that the collected oil mist is enriched and polluted along with the use time to influence the efficiency of further collection, and the additional cleaning measures are adopted to further waste manpower and energy.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a composite prick array oil mist collecting device and a collecting method thereof, which solves the problem that the existing collecting device is polluted.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite prick array oil mist collecting device, which is simple in preparation process, and the obtained composite prick of which the tip part has oleophilic characteristics and the rest conical surfaces still have oleophobic characteristics.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a composite prick array oil mist collecting device comprises a plurality of layers of collecting units, wherein each layer of collecting unit comprises a substrate and a plurality of composite pricks transversely arranged on the substrate; the composite prickles are distributed on the substrate in a staggered array, a plurality of through holes are formed in the substrate, and the through holes are formed between every two adjacent composite prickles;
the composite stabs comprise an upper half cone and a lower half cone which are integrally connected, the upper half cone is a triangular cone, the lower half cone is a half cone, one side surface of the triangular cone is coplanar with the plane of the half cone, and the triangular cone and the half cone are converged to form a tip;
an oleophilic and oleophobic interface is prefabricated on the composite prick, the part between the tip and the oleophilic and oleophobic interface is an oleophilic section, and the part between the oleophilic and oleophobic interface and the root of the composite prick is an oleophobic section.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the triangular cone is an isosceles triangle.
Further, the radius of the half cone is r, the distance between two adjacent horizontally arranged composite stabs is 2r, and the distance between two adjacent longitudinally arranged composite stabs is 4 r.
Further, the taper angle of the half cone is 5 ° to 15 °.
Furthermore, the height of the composite prick is 0.3-5 mm.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the composite prick array oil mist collecting device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, integrally forming the substrate and the composite prick by using a 3d printer, wherein the printing material is oleophobic light-cured resin;
s2, soaking the tip part of the composite prick in an oleophylic solution, wherein the tip part has oleophylic property, and the rest part keeps oleophobic property;
and S3, forming a through hole between two adjacent composite pricks on the substrate to form a collection unit.
Further, before S1, the contact angle of the oil-repellent light-cured resin to oil is measured, and if the oil-repellent angle does not meet the requirement, the substrate and the composite prick are subjected to oil-repellent layer modification to obtain the substrate and the composite prick which meet the oil-repellent characteristic.
And further, adding PDMS and a PDMS curing agent into an ethyl acetate solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until complete decomposition to obtain a diluted oleophylic solution.
The invention also discloses a collection method of the composite prick array oil mist collection device, which comprises the following processes:
the oil mist is sprayed towards one side of the composite prick, under the influence of surface energy, the direction of the surface force applied to the oil drops on the surface of the oleophilic section is from the tip to the root, and the direction of the surface force applied to the oil drops on the surface of the oleophobic section is from the root to the tip; the direction of the Laplace pressure applied to the oil drops on the semi-circular cones is from the tip to the root;
under the action force, the oil drops are finally transported to the oleophilic-oleophobic interface; when the oil drops move to the hydrophilic-hydrophobic oil interface, the surface force direction is reversed, the oil drops stop moving, the oil drops are continuously collected, the oil drops are continuously enlarged at the hydrophilic-hydrophobic oil interface, and finally the oil drops drop under the action of gravity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a composite prick array oil mist collecting device, wherein the tip adopts an oleophylic structure, which is beneficial to the prick tip as a fixed condensation core to gather micron-sized liquid drops; because the viscosity of oil is usually great, if whole prick takes oleophylic treatment, then form thick heavy oil film at the base very easily, cover partial prick structure, finally lead to the inefficacy of overall structure, if whole adopt oleophobic structure, can greatly reduce the collection efficiency of micron order oil droplet. Therefore, the composite array with oleophilic prick tip and oleophobic prick bottom and substrate is creatively adopted, so that oil drops fall off at the interface of oleophilic and oleophobic prick, and a thicker liquid film cannot be formed on the prick substrate; the upper half cone creatively adopts a triangular cone structure, the inclined surface reduces the retention time of oil drops on the upper half cone, in addition, the change of the traditional full cone structure in the root part along the radial surface area is very small, the provided liquid drops are insufficient in conveying force from the tail part to the tip of the prick, the change rate of the prick root along the radial surface area is increased after the upper half cone is replaced by the triangular cone, and the surface force is greatly increased; the array structure of the plug row ensures that the liquid drops collected by the array substrate of the prick stick can contact the tail part of the prick stick. When oil drops collected by the substrate reach the tail part of the prick, the oil drops are conveyed from the tail part of the prick to the tip direction under the action of the surface energy of the triangular cone which is enhanced compared with the cone, when the oil drops move to the hydrophobic and oleophilic interface, the direction of the surface force is reversed, and finally the liquid drops near the hydrophobic and oleophilic cross-connecting line are conveyed and stopped, and further grow and fall off, namely, large oil drops collected and converged by the prick are always gathered and fall off in the middle of the prick, so that the oil drops are prevented from being adhered to the substrate of the prick array, and the self-cleaning performance of the whole structure is ensured. The oil mist collector changes the dropping position of oil drops through structural innovation, effectively prevents the formation of a substrate liquid film, and has the self-refreshing characteristic on the surface, so the oil mist collector is particularly suitable for capturing and collecting oil mist with high viscosity.
Furthermore, a simulation experiment shows that the cone angle of the semi-cone is 5-15 degrees, the oil collecting efficiency is sharply reduced when the cone angle is too small, the oil collecting efficiency is highest and higher than 98 percent when the cone angle is 5-7.6 degrees, and the oil collecting efficiency is reduced along with the increase of the cone angle when the cone angle is more than 7.6 degrees.
Further, by researching the influence of the length of the prick on the oil collecting efficiency, the oil collecting efficiency is the highest and higher than 98% when the length of the prick is 0.3-5 mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a collecting unit of the composite prick array oil mist collecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a composite awl;
FIG. 4 is a front or top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the force direction of oil drops on each area of the surface of the composite prick;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a tip collection oil droplet spike self-cleaning;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a self-refresh of a spur array substrate;
fig. 9 is a curve showing the influence of different conicity of the lower half cone on the oil collecting efficiency.
Wherein, 1 is a composite prick, 2 is a through hole, and 3 is a substrate;
11 is an upper half cone, 12 is a lower half cone, and 13 is an oleophilic-oleophobic interface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The components illustrated and described in the figures and embodiments of the present invention may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, and accordingly, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the figures that follow is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of a selected embodiment of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the figures and embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that: the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, element, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, element, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are based on the orientation and positional relationship of the devices or components shown in the drawings and are used only for the purpose of better describing the present invention, but do not require that the devices, components or apparatuses shown have to have this particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The features and properties of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention discloses a composite prick 1 array oil mist collecting device, which comprises a plurality of layers of collecting units, wherein each layer of collecting unit comprises a substrate 3 and a plurality of composite pricks 1 transversely arranged on the substrate 3.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the composite pricks 1 are arranged on the substrate 3 in an array, a plurality of through holes 2 are formed on the substrate 3, and the through holes 2 are arranged between two adjacent composite pricks 1; the composite stabs 1 comprise an upper half cone 11 and a lower half cone 12 which are integrally connected, the upper half cone 11 is a triangular cone, the lower half cone 12 is a half cone, one side surface of the triangular cone is coplanar with the plane of the half cone, and the triangular cone and the half cone are converged to form a tip; an oleophilic and oleophobic interface 13 is prefabricated on the composite prick 1, the part between the tip and the oleophilic and oleophobic interface 13 is an oleophilic section, and the part between the oleophilic and oleophobic interface 13 and the root of the composite prick 1 is an oleophobic section.
The composite prick 1 is in a micron-scale size, the prick height can be 0.3mm to 5mm, and the transverse interval between the prick and the prick is the diameter 2r of the bottom surface of the prick.
Preferably, the thorn height is 1 mm; preferably, the distance between the spines is 500 μm.
The composite pricker 1 has an asymmetrical single pricker shape, the lower half cone 12 is a half cone, and the cone angle can be 5-15 degrees. The upper half cone 11 is a triangular cone, the bottom cone height of the triangular cone is the radius of the bottom surface, and the cone tip of the triangular cone is coincided with the cone tip of the lower half cone.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower half-cone 12 is a half-cone that may have a cone angle of 5 to 15, with a preferred cone angle of 7.6.
And (3) performing simulation setting on the lower half cone 12: the length of the taper prick is 5mm, the jet speed is 0.3m/s, the contact angle is 60 degrees, and the oil amount to be treated is 1.245 x 10 -3 And (kg). The simulation results are shown in fig. 9 by changing the taper angle.
And (4) analyzing results: when the taper angle is too small, the oil collection efficiency is sharply reduced, when the taper angle is 5-7.6 degrees, the oil collection efficiency is highest and is higher than 98%, and when the taper angle is larger than 7.6 degrees, the oil collection efficiency is reduced along with the increase of the taper angle.
The stabs are in a micron scale, the stabs can be in different heights from 0.3mm to 5mm, and the stabs are spaced by the length of one cone bottom, namely, the stabs are in a micron scale.
The influence of the length of the stabs on the oil collecting efficiency:
simulation setting: cone angle of 7.6 degrees, jet speed of 0.3m/s, contact angle of 60 degrees, change of the length of the prick, and amount of oil to be treated of 1.245 x 10 -3 kg, the simulation results are shown in the following table.
| Thorn length (mm) | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Efficiency (%) | 93.81 | 99.629 | 98.793 | 95.56 | 88.86 | 84.45 | 83.87 | 81.02 |
It can be seen that when the thorn length is 0.5-1mm, the oil collecting efficiency is the highest and is higher than 98%.
When the length of the prick is less than 0.5mm, the oil collecting efficiency is obviously improved along with the increase of the prick length, because the increase of the length of the prick can effectively increase the capture radius under the condition of a certain cone angle, thereby achieving higher collecting efficiency under the condition of the same prick distance.
As shown in fig. 5, the sectional shape of the triangular pyramid is an isosceles triangle. On the triangular face of triangular pyramid slope, the oil droplet of oleophilic end can receive the effect of surface force to move to the juncture from the pointed end, and the oil droplet of oleophobic end can receive the effect of surface force to move to the juncture from the bottom.
The preparation method of the composite prick 1 comprises the following steps:
and printing an asymmetric conical thorn array by using a 3d printer with the precision of 10 mu m, wherein the printing material can be oil-repellent light-cured resin.
And measuring the contact angle of the light-cured resin to oil, if the oleophobic angle is not enough, carrying out low surface energy modification on the obtained template, namely placing the obtained template in a closed device, dripping fluorosilane on the periphery of the template, sealing, placing the device in a 60-degree oven for 3h, closing an oven power supply to naturally cool the device, and grafting the fluorosilane with low surface free energy on the surface of the prickle array to obtain the oleophobic prickle array.
And adding a mixture of PDMS and a cured substance into the ethyl acetate solvent, and ultrasonically oscillating by using an ultrasonic instrument until the gel is completely decomposed to obtain a diluted lipophilic solution. The composite prick 1 is fixed on a three-dimensional high-precision sliding table (the precision is 0.05mm), and the up-and-down movement of the composite prick 1 array is controlled in a stepping mode, so that the tip part of the prick array is fully soaked in an oleophylic solution to present oleophylic characteristics, and the rest conical surfaces still keep oleophobic characteristics.
Keeping the conical prick array in a state that the conical prick is downward, drying and curing for 6h in an oven at 60 ℃, and thus obtaining the asymmetric socket conical prick array with oleophilic conical tip part and oleophobic conical bottom and the substrate 3.
Preferably, the ratio of PDMS to curing agent is 10: 1.
Transport of the tip collection droplet over the conical structure:
under the action of the surface free energy gradient, the liquid drop is subjected to the force shown in figure 6 on each part of the conical surface, and due to the influence of the surface energy, the liquid drop on the oleophilic surface tends to have larger contact area with the solid wall surface, so that the surface force F on the liquid drop on the oleophilic surface is Watch (A) In a direction from the tip to the root. Since the liquid droplets on the oil-repellent surface tend to have a smaller contact area with the solid wall surface, the surface force applied to the liquid droplets on the oil-repellent surface is directed from the root to the tip.
The root of the awl is smaller than the tip of the awl in the change gradient of the surface area, the transport force from the root to the middle part of the awl provided by the surface force is insufficient, which is not beneficial to the self-cleaning of the base of the awl structure.
Since the upper half cone 11 has a triangular cone structure, there is no curvature change from the tip to the root of the stabbing tip, i.e., the liquid droplets in the upper half cone 11 do not act as a tension-plateau pressure difference.
The lower half cone 12 is a half cone, and the curvature of the lower half cone is continuously reduced from the tip of the stabbing tip to the root of the stabbing tip, so that the laplace pressure F is reduced Pulling device The lower half cone 12 is always pointed from the tip to the root.
A single prick realizes the self-cleaning that the oil mist was collected to the awl point, like figure 7:
the cone thorn array is horizontally placed to collect micron-sized oil drops, the liquid drops firstly gather and grow at the tip under the description, the tip of the cone thorn is oleophylic, the liquid drops tend to have larger contact area with solids, the liquid drops are transported to the root of the cone under the synergistic effect of the surface force of the upper half cone 11 and the surface force of the lower half cone 12 and the Laplace pressure, when the liquid drops move to the hydrophobic and oleophilic oil junction, the direction of the surface force is opposite, the movement of the liquid drops is stopped, the liquid drops are continuously collected, the liquid drops are continuously expanded at the hydrophobic and oleophilic oil junction and finally drip under the action of gravity near the hydrophobic and oleophilic oil junction (namely the middle part of the cone thorn), a liquid film cannot be formed by gathering at the bottom of the cone thorn, and the self-cleaning performance of the whole cone thorn is ensured.
The upper half cone 11 is designed to achieve self-cleaning of the substrate, as shown in FIG. 8:
the upper half cone 11 creatively adopts a triangular cone structure, the inclined surface reduces the retention time of oil drops on the upper half cone 11, in addition, the change of the traditional full cone structure in the root part along the radial surface area is very small, the provided liquid drops are insufficient in conveying force from the tail part to the tip of the awl, the change rate of the awl root part along the radial surface area is increased after the upper half cone 11 is replaced by the triangular cone, and the surface force is greatly increased. The array structure of the plug row ensures that the liquid drops collected by the array substrate of the prick stick can contact the tail part of the prick stick. When oil drops collected by the substrate reach the prick tail, the oil drops are transported from the prick tail to the tip under the action of the strengthened surface energy of the triangular cone compared with the cone. When the liquid drops move to the oleophilic-oleophobic interface 13, the surface force direction is reversed, and finally the liquid drops near the oleophilic-oleophobic junction line are stopped from being transported, further grow and fall off, namely large oil drops collected and converged by the prick are always gathered and fall off in the middle of the prick, so that the oil drops are prevented from being adhered to the substrate of the prick array, and the self-cleaning property of the whole structure is ensured.
The main principle of physical collection of micron-sized droplets is to bring the micron-sized droplets close to each other to agglomerate into large-sized droplets, which are separated from the air by gravity. In the process, the nodule provides a fixed liquid drop coagulation site, and is the key point for liquid drop collection. In addition, when the collection of micron-sized liquid droplets is grown at a fixed position, i.e., a position of condensation nuclei, the position of the liquid droplets is not changed but the contact angle with the solid wall surface is increased. When the liquid drop grows to a certain size, the contact angle between the liquid drop and the wall surface of the solid does not change any more, and the position of the liquid drop changes, namely the liquid drop is transported.
The structure belongs to a micron-sized structure, the distance between the conical pricks is micron-sized, the conical prick arrays are densely arranged, a large number of conical prick tips are distributed on a small area, and when micron-sized oil drops move to the conical prick arrays, a large number of conical prick tips provide fixed condensation cores for micron-sized oil drops to gather.
The tip adopts an oleophilic structure, which is beneficial for the prick tip to be used as a fixed condensation core to gather micron-sized liquid drops. Because the viscosity of oil is usually great, if whole prick takes oleophylic treatment, then form thick heavy oil film at the base very easily, cover partial prick structure, finally lead to the inefficacy of overall structure, if whole adopt oleophobic structure, can greatly reduce the collection efficiency of micron order oil droplet. Therefore, the composite array with oleophilic prick tip and oleophobic prick bottom and substrate is creatively adopted, so that oil drops fall off at the interface of oleophilic and oleophobic prick, and a thicker liquid film cannot be formed on the prick substrate. Not only ensures higher oil collecting efficiency, but also ensures that the prick is not polluted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device is characterized by comprising a plurality of layers of collecting units, wherein each layer of collecting unit comprises a substrate (3) and a plurality of composite pricks (1) transversely arranged on the substrate (3); the composite stabs (1) are distributed on the substrate (3) in a staggered array, a plurality of through holes (2) are formed in the substrate (3), and the through holes (2) are formed between every two adjacent composite stabs (1);
the composite prick (1) comprises an upper half cone (11) and a lower half cone (12) which are integrally connected, wherein the upper half cone (11) is a triangular cone, the lower half cone (12) is a semicircular cone, one side surface of the triangular cone is coplanar with the plane of the semicircular cone, and the triangular cone and the semicircular cone are converged to form a tip;
an oleophilic and oleophobic interface (13) is prefabricated on the composite prick (1), the part between the tip and the oleophilic and oleophobic interface (13) is an oleophilic section, and the part between the oleophilic and oleophobic interface (13) and the root of the composite prick (1) is an oleophobic section.
2. The composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the triangular cone is an isosceles triangle.
3. The oil mist collecting device with the composite prick arrays (1) is characterized in that the radius of the semi-cone is r, the distance between two adjacent transversely arranged composite pricks (1) is 2r, and the distance between two adjacent longitudinally arranged composite pricks (1) is 4 r.
4. A composite prick (1) array oil mist collection device according to claim 1, characterised in that the cone angle of the half cone is 5 ° to 15 °.
5. The composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the composite prick (1) is 0.3-5 mm.
6. The method for preparing the composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, integrally molding the substrate (3) and the composite prick (1) by using a 3d printer, wherein the printing material is oleophobic light-cured resin;
s2, soaking the tip part of the composite prick (1) in an oleophilic solution, wherein the tip part has an oleophilic characteristic, and the rest part has an oleophobic characteristic;
s3, forming a through hole (2) between two adjacent composite pricks (1) on the substrate (3) to form a collection unit.
7. The preparation method of the composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that before S1, the contact angle of the oil-repellent light-cured resin to oil is measured, and if the oil-repellent angle does not meet the requirement, the substrate (3) and the composite prick (1) are subjected to oil-repellent layer modification to obtain the substrate (3) and the composite prick (1) which meet the oil-repellent property.
8. The method for preparing the composite prick (1) array oil mist collecting device according to claim 6, wherein PDMS and PDMS curing agent are added into ethyl acetate solvent, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic vibration until the mixture is completely decomposed, so as to obtain diluted lipophilic solution.
9. The method for collecting the oil mist collecting device with the composite stabs (1) array of any one of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising the following processes:
oil mist is sprayed towards one side of the composite prick (1), under the influence of surface energy, the direction of the surface force applied to oil drops on the surface of the oleophilic section is from the tip to the root, and the direction of the surface force applied to the oil drops on the surface of the oleophobic section is from the root to the tip; the direction of the Laplace pressure applied to the oil drops on the semi-circular cones is from the tip to the root;
under the action force, the oil drops are finally transported to the oleophilic-oleophobic interface (13); when the oil drops move to the oleophilic and oleophobic oil interface (13), the surface force direction is reversed, the oil drops stop moving, the oil drops are continuously collected, the oil drops are continuously enlarged at the oleophilic and oleophobic oil interface (13) and finally drop under the action of gravity.
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| CN115957537A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-04-14 | 常熟理工学院 | Conical microcolumn for separating droplets of different oil phases and preparation method thereof |
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