CN114828311A - Laser-assisted preparation method of electric heating grid film suitable for composite material component - Google Patents
Laser-assisted preparation method of electric heating grid film suitable for composite material component Download PDFInfo
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- CN114828311A CN114828311A CN202210354411.5A CN202210354411A CN114828311A CN 114828311 A CN114828311 A CN 114828311A CN 202210354411 A CN202210354411 A CN 202210354411A CN 114828311 A CN114828311 A CN 114828311A
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- electric heating
- grid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
Abstract
An electric heating grid film laser auxiliary preparation method suitable for composite material members is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: laying electric heating grid warps and wefts by using a 3D printing mode by using a metal electric heating wire as a material; then the intersection points among the electric heating wires, the intersection points between the electric heating wires and the boundary and the lap joint between the electric heating wires and the electric leading plate are subjected to laser irradiation melting, and meanwhile, a pressure plate is utilized to assist the laser irradiation position with certain pressure, so that the thickness of the intersection points is equivalent to the diameter of the electric heating wires. Then, resin films are pasted on the two sides of the electric heating grid to form an electric heating grid film. The invention uses alloy electric heating wire materials as raw materials, utilizes a laser melting mode to connect the intersection points of the electric heating wires, has simple process, no negative influence on the environment, high flexibility degree, is suitable for single-piece, small-batch and large-batch production, can prepare the electric heating grid film with good flatness and thin thickness, and the connection at the intersection points of the electric heating wires is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deicing of composite material members, in particular relates to a preparation method of an electric heating film for deicing, and specifically relates to an electric heating grid film laser-assisted preparation technology suitable for fiber reinforced composite material members.
Background
The fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material has excellent physical and chemical properties, and is widely applied in the field of aerospace. In aircraft manufacturing, fiber reinforced resin based composites have been used to make load bearing members such as vertical tails, horizontal tails, wings, fuselages, and the like. Critical parts icing on an aircraft is a physical phenomenon widely existing in flight practice, and can cause problems of improved flight resistance, reduced balance, center of gravity shift and the like, and is one of main causes of flight accidents. Therefore, techniques for deicing the surface of fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material members have been developed. The electrothermal deicing and preventing method is characterized in that the surface temperature of the composite material component is raised to be above the freezing point by using the Joule heat generated by the heating element so as to destroy an ice layer and prevent icing.
At present, one of the mainstream heating techniques for deicing composite members is: the electrothermal alloy grid is used as a heating element, a film is pasted on the surface of the electrothermal grid to form an electrothermal grid film, the electrothermal grid film is pasted on the outer surface of the composite material component, and then a metal protective layer is covered on the electrothermal grid film. The advantages of using an electric heating grid as a heating element are: the surface of the composite material member can be uniformly heated; and once the local part of the electric heating grid is damaged by external force such as impact and the like, the failure of the integral heating function of the electric heating grid can not be caused. The electrothermal alloy grid is usually manufactured by chemical etching, wire weaving, milling and the like. When the chemical etching method is adopted to prepare the electric heating grid, the width of the grid resistance circuit is easy to control, but the process steps are complex, the chemical etching liquid has corrosivity, the environmental protection performance is poor, and the method is not suitable for small-batch or single-piece production. When the electric heating grid is prepared by adopting a weaving method, the existing metal heating wire is used as a raw material, the thickness of the intersection point of the grid is at least 2 times of the diameter of the wire, so that the thickness of a thin film of the electric heating grid is larger, and meanwhile, the two strands of electric heating wires at the intersection point of the grid need to be bonded to have certain stability. The method is suitable for processing porous electric heating foil, the electric heating grid pattern cannot be designed in a complex way, the width of grid resistance circuits cannot be refined, the heating uniformity of the electric heating grid is poor, and the lightweight of an electric heating grid film is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor environmental protection, complex process steps, larger thickness, incapability of refining grid circuits and light weight and the like of the existing various electric heating grid manufacturing methods. The method has high flexibility, and can be used for single-piece or small-batch production as well as large-batch production.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a laser-assisted preparation method of an electrothermal grid film suitable for a composite material member is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting an alloy heating wire 8 with a micro diameter (less than 0.1 mm) as a heating wire raw material, and arranging a first electric lead foil and a second electric lead foil on a high-temperature resistant material substrate 1, wherein the thicknesses of the first electric lead foil and the second electric lead foil are smaller than the diameter of the alloy heating wire 8; arranging heating wires as grid boundaries 4 and 5 (two sides perpendicular to and parallel to the first and second lead foils) on the substrate 1; the melting point of the material of the substrate 1 is higher than that of the alloy heating wire 8. The first and second electric lead foils are made of the same material as the alloy heating wire 8.
(2) Laying alloy heating wires 8 into an electric heating grid warp array 6 by adopting a 3D printing mode, wherein the end points of partial warps are lapped with the first electric lead foil or the second electric lead foil, and the end points of partial warps are lapped with grid boundaries 4 and 5;
(3) and (3) laying weft arrays 9 on the warps by adopting a 3D printing mode, wherein the end points of part of the wefts are in lap joint with the first lead foil 2 or the second lead foil 3, the end points of part of the wefts are in lap joint with the electric heating grid boundaries 4 and 5, and the warp arrays 6 and the weft arrays 9 form intersection point arrays.
(4) Sequentially irradiating each intersection point by adopting laser, and controlling the energy of the laser beam to enable the alloy electric heating wire material at the intersection point to reach the melting temperature; when the intersection point is irradiated by laser, a pressure plate 12 is adopted to apply certain pressure to the intersection point, so that the warp and the weft at the intersection point are fused and connected, and the height of the intersection point is equivalent to the diameter of the alloy electric heating wire.
(5) And (5) repeating the step (4), carrying out fusion connection on the intersection points of all the warps and the wefts, simultaneously carrying out fusion connection on the lap joints of the warps and the wefts and the first and second electric lead foils, and carrying out fusion connection on the lap joints of the warps and the wefts and the grid boundaries 4 and 5 to form the electric heating grid 14.
(6) A first resin film 15 is pasted on one side of the electric heating grid 14, and a first electric lead wire and a second electric lead wire are respectively arranged on the first electric lead foil and the second electric lead foil;
(7) a second resin film 18 is pasted on the other side of the electric heating grid 14 to form an electric heating grid film 19; the resin film functions as insulation and heat transfer.
(8) In the application of the electrothermal grid film, two options are available: firstly, in the process of paving a resin-based composite material member, embedding an electric heating grid film 19 into the resin-based composite material member, finally sending the resin-based composite material member into an autoclave or a hot press for molding, and embedding the electric heating grid film 19 into the composite material member; secondly, the composite material member is formed firstly, then the electric heating grid film 19 is pasted on the surface of the composite material member, and a protective layer is arranged on the electric heating grid film 19. When the electric heating function is used, the first lead and the second lead are connected to a heating power supply, so that the resin-based composite material component can be heated, and the aim of preventing and removing ice is fulfilled.
The materials of the resin films 15 and 18 are consistent with the types of the resin base materials of the composite material members; the laser processing head 10 is provided with a high temperature resistant pressure plate 12; the high-temperature-resistant pressure plate is made of a light-transmitting material, and a laser beam 11 can irradiate an alloy heating wire intersection point 13 through the pressure plate 12; the laser output used may be of a beam wavelength that is transmissive to the pressure plate 12. When the laser beam irradiates the alloy heating wire intersection point 13, the pressure plate 12 continuously applies a certain pressure to the alloy heating wire intersection point 13, and when the material at the alloy heating wire intersection point 13 is melted and collapses downwards, the pressure plate 12 also moves downwards to the lower heating wire at the intersection point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the process is simple, and has no negative influence on the environment; 2. the electric heating grid film with good flatness and thin thickness can be prepared, and the intersection points of the electric heating wires of the prepared electric heating grid are stably connected; 3. the electric heating composite material member can be embedded into a resin composite material laying layer and is formed by hot pressing together with other fiber prepregs to form the electric heating composite material member with the ice prevention and removal function; 4. the composite material member can be paved on the surface of the composite material member, and then a protective layer is added, so that the electric heating deicing prevention function of the composite material member is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a warp array of an electrothermal grid laid by a 3D printing method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the completion of the laying of the electric heating grid warp and the electric heating grid weft.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a laser melting intersection point according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the state of the molten connection at the intersection point of the alloy heating wires according to the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a laser-assisted prepared electro-thermal grid according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an electrothermal mesh film according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an electrothermal mesh film according to the present invention embedded in a composite member.
In the figure: 1. a substrate; 2. a first lead foil; 3. a second dummy foil; 4 and 5, mesh boundaries; 6. an array of radial lines; 7. a 3D print head; 8. an electric heating wire; 9. a weft array; 10. a laser processing head; 11. a laser beam; 12. a pressure plate; 13. intersection points of the electric heating wires; 14. an electric heating grid; 15. a first resin film; 16. a first conductive line; 17. a second conductive line; 18. a second resin film; 19. an electric heating grid film; 20. laying a layer group by using the composite material; 21. a heating power supply.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-7.
An electric heating grid film laser-assisted preparation method suitable for a composite material component comprises the following steps:
(1) a stainless steel heating wire 8 with the diameter of 0.1mm is selected as the raw material of the heating wire. A stainless steel foil with the thickness of 0.02mm is selected as a raw material of the electricity leading foil, and a first electricity leading foil 2 and a second electricity leading foil 3 are processed by adopting a laser cutting processing mode. The substrate 1 is made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials, so that the melting point of the substrate 1 is higher than that of the stainless steel heating wire 8.
(2) Adopt 3D printing mode, lay stainless steel heating wire 8 on base plate 1: firstly, laying a grid boundary 4 and a grid boundary 5 on a substrate 1; the two ends of the grid boundary 4 and the grid boundary 5 are respectively connected with the corresponding positions of the first electric lead foil 2 and the second electric lead foil 3, then a warp array 6 is laid, one part of the electric heating wire end points on the warp array 6 is lapped with the first electric lead foil 2 or the second electric lead foil 3, and the other part of the electric heating wire end points on the warp array 6 is lapped with the grid boundary 4 or the grid boundary 5, as shown in fig. 1;
(3) continuing to adopt 3D printing, laying a weft array 9 on the warp array 6, wherein part of the end points of the weft array 9 are overlapped with the first electric lead foil 2 or the second electric lead foil 3, the other part of the end points of the weft array 9 are overlapped with the grid boundary 4 or the grid boundary 5, and the warp array and the weft array form an intersection point array, as shown in figure 2.
(4) Irradiating the intersection point of the warp and the weft by using a laser beam 11 by adopting the method shown in FIG. 3, and controlling the energy of the laser beam to enable the electric heating wire material at the intersection point to reach the melting temperature; meanwhile, a pressure plate 12 made of high-temperature-resistant glass material is arranged below the laser beam, and the pressure plate 12 applies certain pressure to the intersection point, so that the warp and the weft at the intersection point are connected in a fusion manner. When the heating wire melts and collapses at the intersection point, the pressure plate also moves downward to a height of 1 heating wire diameter (0.1 mm) from the substrate. The state after the molten connection at the intersection point is shown in fig. 4.
(5) And (5) repeating the step (4), performing fusion connection on intersection points of all the warps and the wefts, simultaneously performing fusion connection on lap joints of the warps and the wefts and the first and second electric lead foils 2 and 3, and performing fusion connection on lap joints of the warps and the wefts and the grid boundaries 4 and 5 to form the electric heating grid 14, as shown in fig. 5.
(6) One side of the electric heating grid is pasted with a layer of polyimide film 15, and a first electric lead wire 16 and a second electric lead wire 17 are respectively arranged on the first electric lead foil 2 and the second electric lead foil 3; a polyimide film 18 is also attached to the other side of the electrical heating grid 14 to form an electrical heating grid film 19, as shown in fig. 6.
(7) In electrothermal grid film applications, there can be 2 methods:
firstly, an electric heating grid film 19 is embedded into a resin-based composite material member, and the specific scheme is as follows: in the material spreading process before the carbon fiber reinforced polyimide composite material member is molded, the electric heating grid film 19 is embedded into the prepreg layer, and then the prepreg layer is sent into an autoclave or a hot press for molding, so that the electric heating grid film 19 is embedded into the composite material member, as shown in fig. 7;
secondly, the electric heating grid film is placed on the outer surface of the composite material component, and the specific scheme is as follows: the carbon fiber reinforced polyimide composite material member is molded, the electric heating grid film is covered on the outer surface of the composite material member, the electric heating grid film can be well attached to the composite material member with a complex shape due to high flexibility, and then the protective layer is attached to the upper surface of the electric heating grid film.
When the electric heating function is used, the first electric lead 16 and the second electric lead 17 are respectively connected to a heating power supply 21, so that the composite material member can be heated for preventing ice.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to make modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not concerned with parts which are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.
Claims (5)
1. A laser-assisted preparation method of an electrothermal grid film suitable for a composite material member is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting an alloy electric heating wire (8) with a micro diameter as a heating wire raw material, and arranging a first electric lead foil (2) and a second electric lead foil (3) on a high-temperature resistant material substrate (1), wherein the thicknesses of the first electric lead foil and the second electric lead foil are smaller than the diameter of the alloy electric heating wire (8); arranging heating wires as grid boundaries (4, 5) on the substrate (1); the melting point of the material of the substrate (1) is higher than that of the alloy electric heating wire (8).
2. The first and second electric lead foils are made of the same material as the alloy electric heating wire 8;
(2) laying alloy electric heating wires (8) into an electric heating grid warp array (6) by adopting a 3D printing mode, wherein the end points of partial warps are lapped with the first electric lead foil or the second electric lead foil, and the end points of partial warps are lapped with grid boundaries (4, 5);
(3) laying a weft array (9) on the warps by adopting a 3D printing mode, overlapping the end points of part of the wefts with the first electric lead foil (2) or the second electric lead foil (3), overlapping the end points of part of the wefts with the electric heating grid boundaries (4, 5), and forming an intersection point array by the warp array (6) and the weft array (9);
(4) irradiating the intersection point of the intersection of the warp array (6) and the weft array (9) by adopting laser, and controlling the energy of the laser beam to enable the alloy electric heating wire material at the intersection point to reach the melting temperature; when the intersection point is irradiated by laser, a pressure plate (12) is adopted to apply certain pressure to the intersection point, so that the warp and the weft at the intersection point are fused and connected, and the height of the intersection point is equivalent to the diameter of the alloy electric heating wire;
(5) repeating the step (4), carrying out fusion connection on intersection points of all the warps and the wefts, simultaneously carrying out fusion connection on lap joints of the warps and the wefts and the first and second electric lead foils, and carrying out fusion connection on lap joints of the warps and the wefts and grid boundaries (4, 5) to form an electric heating grid (14);
(6) a first resin film (15) is pasted on one surface of the electric heating grid (14), and a first electric lead wire and a second electric lead wire are respectively placed on the first electric lead foil and the second electric lead foil;
(7) a second resin film (18) is stuck on the other surface of the electric heating grid (14) to form an electric heating grid film (19); the resin film plays the role of insulation and heat transfer;
(8) in the application of the electrothermal grid film, two options are available: firstly, in the process of paving a resin-based composite material member, embedding an electric heating grid film (19) therein, finally sending the electric heating grid film into an autoclave or a hot press for molding, and embedding the electric heating grid film (19) into the composite material member; secondly, forming a composite material component, then pasting an electric heating grid film (19) on the surface of the composite material component, and placing a protective layer on the electric heating grid film (19); when the electric heating function is used, the first lead and the second lead are connected to a heating power supply, so that the resin-based composite material component can be heated, and the aim of preventing and removing ice is fulfilled.
3. The laser-assisted preparation method of an electrothermal mesh film suitable for composite members of claim 1, further characterized by: the material of the first resin film (15) and the second resin film (18) is the same as the kind of the resin base material of the composite material member.
4. The laser-assisted preparation method of an electrothermal mesh film suitable for composite members of claim 1, further characterized by: in the step (4), a high-temperature-resistant pressure plate (12) is arranged on the laser processing head (10), the high-temperature-resistant pressure plate is made of a light-transmitting material, and laser beams (11) can irradiate the alloy heating wire intersection points (13) through the pressure plate (12).
5. The laser output is used at a beam wavelength that is transmissive to the pressure plate (12); when the laser beam irradiates the alloy heating wire intersection point (13), the pressure plate (12) continuously applies set pressure to the alloy heating wire intersection point (13), and when the material at the alloy heating wire intersection point (13) is melted and collapses downwards, the pressure plate (12) also moves downwards to the lower heating wire at the intersection point.
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| CN202210354411.5A CN114828311B (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2022-04-06 | Laser-assisted preparation method of electric heating grid film suitable for composite material component |
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| CN202210354411.5A CN114828311B (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2022-04-06 | Laser-assisted preparation method of electric heating grid film suitable for composite material component |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999062302A1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-02 | Latec Ag | Electric blanket |
| US20100151425A1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Bruno Clunet-Coste | Reinforcing preform in the form of a meshed grid and composite material with preimpregnated fibers for a dental prosthesis, and method for producing the grid |
| CN106321372A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆大学 | Composite carbon fiber heating element for wind-driven generator blade ice preventing or ice melting |
| CN108016622A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-05-11 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-icing method and device of active aircraft |
| CN110602810A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Transparent electric heating film and manufacturing method thereof, electric heating glass and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN210274573U (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-04-07 | 山东双硕环境科技有限公司 | Flexible carbon fiber electric heating grid cloth heating product communicated in circuit |
-
2022
- 2022-04-06 CN CN202210354411.5A patent/CN114828311B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999062302A1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-02 | Latec Ag | Electric blanket |
| US20100151425A1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Bruno Clunet-Coste | Reinforcing preform in the form of a meshed grid and composite material with preimpregnated fibers for a dental prosthesis, and method for producing the grid |
| CN106321372A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆大学 | Composite carbon fiber heating element for wind-driven generator blade ice preventing or ice melting |
| CN108016622A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-05-11 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-icing method and device of active aircraft |
| CN110602810A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Transparent electric heating film and manufacturing method thereof, electric heating glass and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN210274573U (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-04-07 | 山东双硕环境科技有限公司 | Flexible carbon fiber electric heating grid cloth heating product communicated in circuit |
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