CN114827936A - Access scheduling method and device for transmission equipment Internet of things and storage medium - Google Patents
Access scheduling method and device for transmission equipment Internet of things and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an access scheduling method, device and storage medium for transmission equipment Internet of things, wherein the transmission equipment Internet of things comprises a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and in each communication cycle, the method comprises the following steps: clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node; and performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to the clustering result, wherein the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads. By implementing the invention, a clustering access and transmission mechanism is adopted based on the distance between each wireless sensing node and the wireless access node and the residual energy of the wireless sensing node, so that the effects of saving the transmission energy consumption of the wireless sensing node and protecting the ground energy node are achieved; meanwhile, in the communication process in each cluster, the low-energy nodes do not need to participate in contention access, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is further achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks, in particular to an access scheduling method and device for the Internet of things of power transmission equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The wireless sensing network is one of key technologies of the Internet of things and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, flexible networking and the like. The wireless sensing node has the capabilities of self-organizing networking, monitoring surrounding environment information, collecting data information and the like, and can transmit the monitored information to the uplink access node after calculation.
Currently, in a wireless sensor network, some access scheduling mechanisms commonly used include a Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, a Restricted Access Window (RAW) mechanism in an 802.11ah protocol, a TWT (Target Wake Time) mechanism, and the like.
The transmission equipment Internet of things is different from a traditional wireless sensor network, nodes in the transmission equipment Internet of things are difficult to maintain, a transmission line is high-voltage or extra-high-voltage transmission, and the maintenance and replacement difficulty of a sensor after deployment is high; compared with a traditional wireless sensing network, the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment is more sensitive to the energy consumption of the wireless sensing nodes. However, the problem of energy consumption is not considered in the access scheduling mechanisms commonly used in the current wireless sensor network, so that the current access scheduling mechanism cannot be adopted in the transmission equipment internet of things.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an access scheduling method, an access scheduling device and a storage medium for an internet of things of power transmission equipment, so as to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, no energy consumption is considered in a common access scheduling mechanism in a wireless sensor network, and the common access scheduling mechanism cannot be applied to the internet of things of power transmission equipment.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an access scheduling method for an internet of things of power transmission equipment, where the internet of things of power transmission equipment includes a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and in each communication cycle, the access scheduling method includes: clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, wherein each cluster comprises a cluster head node; and performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, wherein the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads.
Optionally, clustering the plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to remaining energy of the plurality of wireless sensing nodes and a distance from the wireless access node, including: clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node; calculating the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing node in each cluster and the distance between the wireless sensing node and the wireless access node; and screening and determining the cluster head nodes in each cluster according to the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node.
Optionally, the reserving access for transmission by the low energy node includes: determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy lower than a threshold value as low-energy nodes; controlling the low-energy node to send position information and residual energy to the cluster head node according to a beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node; controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy; and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence.
Optionally, the contending for access transmission by the normal node includes: determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy greater than or equal to a threshold value as normal nodes; controlling the normal node to perform burst data service transmission according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node received by the normal node; and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism.
Optionally, the burst data traffic includes monitoring data of fault current; and the periodic data service is monitoring data of the transmission line traveling wave current.
Optionally, the data transmission between the cluster heads includes: and controlling the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensing nodes in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay mode.
Optionally, the energy-distance ratio is calculated using the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i And the distance between the ith wireless sensing node and the wireless access node is represented, and alpha represents a channel environment parameter and is determined according to the channel environment.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an access scheduling device for an internet of things of power transmission equipment, where the internet of things of power transmission equipment includes a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and in each communication cycle, the access scheduling device includes: the clustering module is used for clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, and each cluster comprises a cluster head node; and the communication module is used for performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads.
Optionally, the clustering module is specifically configured to cluster a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to distances between the plurality of wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node; calculating the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing node in each cluster and the distance between the wireless sensing node and the wireless access node; and screening and determining the cluster head nodes in each cluster according to the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node.
Optionally, the communication module is specifically configured to determine a wireless sensing node with a remaining energy below a threshold as a low-energy node; controlling the low-energy node to send position information and residual energy to the cluster head node according to a beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node; controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy; and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence.
Optionally, the communication module is further configured to determine a wireless sensing node with a residual energy greater than or equal to a threshold as a normal node; controlling the normal node to perform burst data service transmission according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node received by the normal node; and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism.
Optionally, the burst data traffic includes monitoring data of fault current; and the periodic data service is monitoring data of the transmission line traveling wave current.
Optionally, the communication module is further configured to control the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensor node in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay manner.
Optionally, the energy-distance ratio is calculated using the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i And the distance between the ith wireless sensing node and the wireless access node is represented, and alpha represents a channel environment parameter and is determined according to the channel environment.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions are configured to cause a computer to execute the method for scheduling access to an internet of things for power transmission equipment according to any one of the first aspect and the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.
A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: the access scheduling method for the internet of things of the power transmission equipment comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are connected in a communication mode, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions so as to execute the access scheduling method for the internet of things of the power transmission equipment according to any one of the first aspect and the first aspect of the embodiments of the invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following effects:
according to the access scheduling method, device and storage medium for the transmission equipment Internet of things, provided by the embodiment of the invention, aiming at the characteristics that wireless sensing nodes in the transmission equipment Internet of things are linearly distributed and have longer transmission distance, a clustering access and transmission mechanism is adopted based on the distance between each wireless sensing node and the wireless access node and the residual energy of the wireless sensing node, so that the effects of saving the transmission energy consumption of the wireless sensing nodes and protecting the energy nodes in the ground are achieved; meanwhile, in the communication process in each cluster, according to a mechanism that the low-energy node reserves access transmission and the normal node competes for access transmission, the low-energy node does not need to participate in the competition access, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is further achieved.
According to the access scheduling method for the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment, the traditional clustering routing mechanism and the competitive access mechanism are improved to be more suitable for the characteristics of the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment, meanwhile, the access scheduling mechanisms for low-energy nodes and normal nodes are respectively designed based on the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes, the low-energy nodes are allocated with special time slot scheduling transmission, the low-energy nodes do not need to participate in the competitive access, and the effects of reducing average energy consumption and prolonging the life cycle of a network are achieved. In addition, the method allocates special time slots to transmit burst data services according to the data service characteristics of the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment, and the timeliness of transmission is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an access scheduling method for an internet of things of power transmission equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of access policies according to sequential scheduling;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a clustering routing protocol according to LEACH;
FIG. 7 is a graph of simulation results of average energy consumption of sensing nodes according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of simulation results for a network effective life cycle, according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of an access scheduling device for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As described in the background art, some access scheduling mechanisms commonly used at present include a Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, a Resource Access Window (RAW) mechanism and a Time for Target Wake (TWT) mechanism in an 802.11ah protocol, and the like.
The LEACH protocol randomly elects cluster head nodes in a rotation mode, updates the cluster head nodes at regular time, enables each sensor node to have the chance of equal probability to become a cluster head node, averages the energy consumption of the whole network on each node, and achieves the purposes of balancing the energy consumption and prolonging the service life of the network. Each round includes two stages: cluster formation and node stabilization. And in the cluster forming stage, when a cluster head is elected, cluster head nodes are randomly selected, then the cluster head begins to broadcast messages to the whole network, and other nodes form a cluster according to the energy intensity of the received signals. When the nodes stably work, the members in the cluster send data to the cluster head according to the allocated time slots, and the cluster head nodes perform data fusion processing and then send the data to the base station.
The RAW mechanism in the 802.11ah protocol divides nodes into a plurality of groups, assigns an access window RAW to each group, and separates each RAW group in time, and only allows the nodes in the group to access channels in the window. In each RAW time slot in the group, each node Access Channel is random, and Channel resources are used in a competition mode according to an Enhanced Distributed Channel Access/Distributed Coordination Function (EDCA/DCF) mechanism.
The TWT is a reservation access mechanism, which makes an agreement and establishes a schedule between a wireless sensing node and an AP, and when a time period negotiated by a terminal and the AP arrives, the wireless sensing node wakes up and waits for a trigger frame sent by the AP, and performs data exchange. Return to sleep after the end of the transmission and wait for the next broadcast TWT time to arrive.
However, based on the existing access mechanism, it can be seen that the conventional access scheduling mechanism is not specially optimized for reducing the energy consumption of the wireless sensing node, in view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment, and through an access and transmission mechanism based on clustering, the effects of saving the transmission energy consumption of the wireless sensing node and protecting the low-energy node are achieved, and meanwhile, a reservation access mechanism is adopted for the low-energy node, so that the low-energy node participates in contention access differently, and the effect of reducing the energy consumption is achieved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an access scheduling method for an internet of things of power transmission equipment, it should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that here.
Example one
In this embodiment, an access scheduling method for an internet of things of power transmission equipment is provided, which may be used for electronic equipment, such as a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and the like, fig. 1 is a flowchart of an access scheduling method for an internet of things of power transmission equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the internet of things of power transmission equipment includes a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and as shown in fig. 1, in each communication cycle, the access scheduling method includes: the method comprises the following steps:
step S101: clustering the wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, wherein each cluster comprises a cluster head node. Specifically, when each communication cycle starts, a clustering process of the wireless sensor nodes is performed first, and a plurality of Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSNs) are divided into a plurality of clusters, where each cluster includes a plurality of intra-cluster nodes and a cluster head Node.
The wireless sensing nodes are distributed on the power transmission line in a straight line, the wireless access nodes (Access points, APs) are deployed on the power transmission line tower, and the longest distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access nodes can reach 300-500 m in the scene of the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment. Therefore, as shown in fig. 2, when clustering is performed on the wireless sensing nodes, the wireless sensing nodes send their own position information to the wireless access nodes, the wireless access nodes determine distances between the wireless sensing nodes according to the position information, sort all the wireless sensing nodes according to the distances, and then divide the wireless sensing nodes with close distances into the same cluster, so that k clusters are obtained by clustering, and the k value can be determined according to actual conditions.
After the clustering is completed, a cluster head node can be selected from each cluster. Therefore, when the wireless sensing node transmits the position information, the wireless sensing node also transmits the battery residual energy of the wireless sensing node to the wireless access node, and the wireless access node calculates the energy-distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy and the position information of the wireless sensing node, wherein the energy-distance ratio is expressed by adopting the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i Represents the ith wireless sensing nodeThe distance from the radio access node, α, represents a channel environment parameter, and is determined according to the channel environment. In this embodiment, the channel environment parameter α is 2.
After the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node is calculated and determined, the wireless sensing nodes are sequenced according to the energy distance ratio, and then the wireless sensing node with the largest energy distance ratio in each cluster is selected as a cluster head node.
Step S102: and performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, wherein the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads. Specifically, for clustering to obtain a plurality of clusters, the communication of each cluster may be performed in sequence in a time division multiplexing manner. Wherein the order in which each cluster communicates may be determined according to the distance from the radio access node. As shown in fig. 2, the communication of each cluster includes intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication in one communication cycle, and the intra-cluster communication and the inter-cluster communication constitute one communication session, whereby several communication sessions can be sequentially performed in one communication cycle. After the communication of one communication cycle is completed, the communication of the next communication cycle is continued according to the flow of the clustering and the communication session.
In one communication session phase, each cluster is performed in the order of intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication. During communication in a cluster, the low-energy nodes and the normal nodes can be further divided according to the residual energy of each wireless sensing node; and then finishing the intra-cluster communication process according to the sequence of reserved access transmission of the low-energy nodes and contention access transmission of the normal nodes.
According to the access scheduling method for the transmission equipment Internet of things, provided by the embodiment of the invention, aiming at the characteristics that wireless sensing nodes in the transmission equipment Internet of things are linearly distributed and have longer transmission distance, a clustering access and transmission mechanism is adopted based on the distance between each wireless sensing node and the wireless access node and the residual energy of each wireless sensing node, so that the effects of saving the transmission energy consumption of the wireless sensing nodes and protecting the energy nodes in the ground are achieved; meanwhile, in the communication process in each cluster, according to a mechanism that the low-energy node reserves access transmission and the normal node competes for access transmission, the low-energy node does not need to participate in the competition access, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is further achieved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the reservation of the access transmission by the low energy node includes the following steps:
step S201: and determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy lower than the threshold value as low-energy nodes. In order to save transmission energy consumption, before transmission in a cluster, nodes in each cluster are divided into low-energy nodes and normal nodes according to residual energy. And the low-energy node is a node with the residual energy lower than a threshold value. The normal node is a node whose residual energy is greater than a threshold value.
Step S202: and controlling the low-energy node to send the position information and the residual energy to the cluster head node according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node. For the reserved access transmission of the low-energy node, the cluster head node broadcasts the beacon frame first, and the low-energy node sends the position information and the residual energy information to the cluster head node after receiving the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node in the cluster.
Step S203: controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy; after receiving the position information and the residual energy information of the low-energy nodes, the cluster head sorts the low-energy nodes according to the received information and broadcasts the access sequence of each low-energy node. When the ranking is performed according to the position information and the residual energy information, the ranking may be determined according to a weighted calculation result of the position information and the residual energy information, and the energy distance ratio of the low-energy node may be calculated again based on the position information and the residual energy information.
Step S204: and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence. And after the low-energy node receives the access sequence broadcasted by the cluster head node, the low-energy node performs access transmission according to the appointed sequence.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the contention for access transmission by the normal node includes the following steps:
step S301: determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy larger than or equal to a threshold value as normal nodes; specifically, the determination process of the normal node refers to the description of step S201, and is not described herein again.
Step S302: and controlling the normal nodes to carry out burst data service transmission according to the beacon frames broadcast by the cluster head nodes received by the normal nodes. Specifically, in the internet of things of power transmission equipment, data services transmitted by the power transmission equipment mainly include two types: the system comprises a periodic data service and a burst data service, wherein the periodic data service mainly comprises monitoring data of power transmission line traveling wave current, the period is generated, and the data volume is large; the burst data service is mainly monitoring data of fault current, and is generated in a burst mode and small in data volume.
Therefore, in the access transmission process of the normal node, the data can be transmitted according to the type of the data service transmitted by the normal node. In the method, because the transmission requirement of the burst data service is more urgent, the wireless sensing node with the transmission requirement of the burst data service is accessed and transmitted in the transmission process of the normal node. Specifically, when the normal node accesses the transmission, the cluster head node broadcasts the beacon frame first to inform the normal node in the cluster of starting the contention access phase. The following 1 time slot is used for data transmission of the wireless sensing node with the burst data service transmission requirement. Because the probability of burst data service transmission is low, only one wireless sensing node may transmit when each normal node transmits burst data service.
The time slot refers to a sending time unit, that is, each wireless sensing node and each wireless access node work in a time slot manner, and a time synchronization or quasi-synchronization relationship is maintained between each wireless sensing node and each wireless access node.
Step S303: and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism. After the cluster head node broadcasts a time slot of the beacon frame, if the transmission of the burst data service is completed, other wireless sensing nodes with periodic data service transmit the periodic data service. When periodic data service transmission is carried out, a distributed cooperation mechanism can be adopted by a normal node, and an enhanced distributed channel access mechanism can also be adopted by the normal node. In one cluster communication, each wireless sensing node completes one-time periodic data service transmission.
The distributed cooperation mechanism is a mandatory mode based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA), and each node obtains a data transmission right through a contention channel. The enhanced distributed channel access mechanism is provided by QoS support on the basis of a distributed cooperation mechanism, the basic access channel mode of the enhanced distributed channel access mechanism is consistent with that of the distributed cooperation mechanism, and each mobile node obtains the opportunity of channel access through competition in a CSMA/CA mode. Meanwhile, the enhanced distributed channel Access mechanism provides multiple channel Access Categories (AC) for different types of service data transmission, and service differentiation of different services can be realized.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the data transmission between the cluster heads includes: and controlling the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensing nodes in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay mode. In each intra-cluster communication stage, the low-energy node is used for reserving an access transmission process and a normal node is used for competing an access transmission process, and the intra-cluster nodes transmit data to the cluster head nodes. During inter-cluster communication, the cluster head nodes form a linear multi-hop relay network according to the sequence from far to near from the wireless access node, and sequentially fuse the received data of the nodes in the cluster and the data from the cluster head node of the previous hop and transmit the data to the cluster head node of the next hop. And finally, the cluster head node closest to the wireless access node outputs the fusion data to the wireless access node.
In an embodiment, the access scheduling method for the transmission equipment internet of things provided by the invention is compared with the existing access mechanism of the LEACH protocol and the sequential scheduling access mode: assuming that the distance between two APs is 500m, the APs are arranged in a linear manner, and 25 wireless sensing nodes are uniformly distributed between the APs. The sampling rate of the traveling wave current of each wireless sensing node is 1MHz, the recording time is 1ms, the sampling rate of the fault current is 2kHz, the recording time is 500ms, and the sending and receiving rate is 10 Mb/s. Wherein, the simulation versus sequential scheduling access procedure is shown in fig. 5, and the LEACH protocol procedure is shown in fig. 6. The method comprises the following steps that sequential scheduling access is carried out, namely all sensing nodes are sequentially accessed in a single-hop mode, an AP firstly sends a beacon frame to inform the start of scheduling, and then all wireless sensing nodes carry out scheduling transmission according to the sequence determined by the AP so as to achieve the effect of no collision; the LEACH protocol is a traditional routing scheduling protocol, a cluster head is randomly selected at first in the cluster establishing stage, then the selected cluster head sends a broadcast beacon frame, all nodes select the cluster head closest to the selected cluster head, and therefore the cluster establishing is completed, and in the data transmission stage, the sensing nodes in the cluster transmit data. Fig. 7 and 8 are simulation results for three modes, and it can be seen from the graphs that the access scheduling method for the transmission equipment internet of things provided by the invention has a better network life cycle and lower node energy consumption.
The invention provides an access scheduling method for the Internet of things of power transmission equipment, aiming at the characteristics of linear distribution, long transmission distance, limited power supply and the like of wireless sensing nodes in the Internet of things of power transmission equipment. The method improves the traditional clustering routing mechanism and the competitive access mechanism to enable the traditional clustering routing mechanism and the competitive access mechanism to be more suitable for the characteristics of the transmission equipment Internet of things, simultaneously designs access scheduling mechanisms aiming at low-energy nodes and normal nodes respectively based on the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes, allocates special time slot for scheduling transmission to the low-energy nodes, avoids the participation of the low-energy nodes in competitive access, and achieves the effects of reducing average energy consumption and prolonging the network life cycle. In addition, the method allocates special time slots to transmit burst data services according to the data service characteristics of the Internet of things of the power transmission equipment, and the timeliness of transmission is guaranteed.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an access scheduling device for an internet of things of power transmission equipment, where the internet of things of power transmission equipment includes a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and in each communication cycle, as shown in fig. 9, the access scheduling device includes:
the clustering module is used for clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, and each cluster comprises a cluster head node; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
And the communication module is used for performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
According to the access scheduling device for the transmission equipment Internet of things, provided by the embodiment of the invention, aiming at the characteristics that wireless sensing nodes in the transmission equipment Internet of things are linearly distributed and have longer transmission distance, a clustering access and transmission mechanism is adopted based on the distance between each wireless sensing node and the wireless access node and the residual energy of each wireless sensing node, so that the effects of saving the transmission energy consumption of the wireless sensing nodes and protecting the energy nodes in the ground are achieved; meanwhile, in the communication process in each cluster, according to a mechanism that the low-energy node reserves access transmission and the normal node competes for access transmission, the low-energy node does not need to participate in the competition access, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is further achieved.
In an embodiment, the clustering module is specifically configured to cluster a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to distances between the plurality of wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node; calculating the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing node in each cluster and the distance between the wireless sensing node and the wireless access node; and screening and determining the cluster head nodes in each cluster according to the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node.
In an embodiment, the communication module is specifically configured to determine a wireless sensing node with a remaining energy below a threshold as a low-energy node; controlling the low-energy node to send position information and residual energy to the cluster head node according to a beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node; controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy; and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence.
In one embodiment, the communication module is further configured to determine a wireless sensing node with a residual energy greater than or equal to a threshold as a normal node; controlling the normal node to perform burst data service transmission according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node received by the normal node; and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism.
In one embodiment, the burst data traffic includes monitoring data of fault current; and the periodic data service is monitoring data of the transmission line traveling wave current.
In an embodiment, the communication module is further configured to control the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensor node in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay manner.
In one embodiment, the energy-to-distance ratio is calculated using the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i And the distance between the ith wireless sensing node and the wireless access node is represented, and alpha represents a channel environment parameter and is determined according to the channel environment.
The function description of the access scheduling device for the transmission equipment internet of things provided by the embodiment of the invention refers to the description of the access scheduling method for the transmission equipment internet of things in the above embodiment.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, as shown in fig. 10, where a computer program 601 is stored on the storage medium, and when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the access scheduling method for the power transmission equipment internet of things in the foregoing embodiment. The storage medium is also stored with audio and video stream data, characteristic frame data, an interactive request signaling, encrypted data, preset data size and the like. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 11, the electronic device may include a processor 51 and a memory 52, where the processor 51 and the memory 52 may be connected by a bus or in another manner, and fig. 11 takes the connection by the bus as an example.
The processor 51 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU). The Processor 51 may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or combinations thereof.
The memory 52, which is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, such as the corresponding program instructions/modules in the embodiments of the present invention. The processor 51 executes various functional applications and data processing of the processor by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 52, that is, the access scheduling method for the power transmission equipment internet of things in the foregoing method embodiment is implemented.
The memory 52 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating device, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created by the processor 51, and the like. Further, the memory 52 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 52 may optionally include memory located remotely from the processor 51, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor 51 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 52, and when executed by the processor 51, perform an access scheduling method for a power transmission equipment internet of things as in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 8.
The details of the electronic device may be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 8, and are not described herein again.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. An access scheduling method for an Internet of things of power transmission equipment is characterized in that the Internet of things of power transmission equipment comprises a wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, and in each communication cycle, the access scheduling method comprises the following steps:
clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, wherein each cluster comprises a cluster head node;
and performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, wherein the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads.
2. The Internet of things-oriented access scheduling method for power transmission equipment according to claim 1, wherein clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to remaining energy of the wireless sensing nodes and distances from the wireless access nodes comprises:
clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node;
calculating the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing node in each cluster and the distance between the wireless sensing node and the wireless access node;
and screening and determining the cluster head nodes in each cluster according to the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node.
3. The access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 1, wherein the reserving access transmission by the low-energy node comprises:
determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy lower than a threshold value as low-energy nodes;
controlling the low-energy node to send position information and residual energy to the cluster head node according to a beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node;
controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy;
and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence.
4. The access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 1, wherein the normal node contends for access transmission comprises:
determining the wireless sensing nodes with the residual energy greater than or equal to a threshold value as normal nodes;
controlling the normal node to perform burst data service transmission according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node received by the normal node;
and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism.
5. The Internet of things-oriented access scheduling method for power transmission equipment according to claim 4,
the burst data service comprises monitoring data of fault current;
and the periodic data service is monitoring data of the transmission line traveling wave current.
6. The access scheduling method for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission between the cluster heads comprises:
and controlling the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensing nodes in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay mode.
7. The access scheduling method for the transmission equipment internet of things according to claim 2, wherein the energy distance ratio is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i And the distance between the ith wireless sensing node and the wireless access node is represented, and alpha represents a channel environment parameter and is determined according to the channel environment.
8. The utility model provides an access scheduling device towards transmission equipment thing networking, its characterized in that, transmission equipment thing networking includes wireless access node and a plurality of wireless sensing node, in every communication cycle, access scheduling device includes:
the clustering module is used for clustering a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing nodes and the distance between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access node, and each cluster comprises a cluster head node;
and the communication module is used for performing intra-cluster communication and inter-cluster communication according to a clustering result, the intra-cluster communication comprises low-energy node reserved access transmission and normal node contention access transmission, and the inter-cluster communication comprises data transmission between cluster heads.
9. The access scheduling device for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 8, wherein the clustering module is specifically configured to cluster a plurality of wireless sensing nodes according to distances between the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless access nodes; calculating the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node according to the residual energy of the wireless sensing node in each cluster and the distance between the wireless sensing node and the wireless access node; and screening and determining the cluster head nodes in each cluster according to the energy distance ratio of each wireless sensing node.
10. The access scheduling device for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 8, wherein the communication module is specifically configured to determine a wireless sensing node with residual energy lower than a threshold as a low-energy node; controlling the low-energy node to send position information and residual energy to the cluster head node according to a beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node and received by the low-energy node; controlling the cluster head nodes to sort the low-energy nodes according to the position information and the residual energy; and controlling the sequenced low-energy nodes to perform access transmission in sequence.
11. The Internet of things-oriented access scheduling device for the power transmission equipment according to claim 8, wherein the communication module is further configured to determine a wireless sensing node with residual energy greater than or equal to a threshold value as a normal node; controlling the normal node to perform burst data service transmission according to the beacon frame broadcast by the cluster head node received by the normal node; and controlling the normal nodes to carry out periodic data service transmission according to the enhanced distributed channel access/distributed cooperation mechanism.
12. The internet of things-oriented access scheduling device for power transmission equipment according to claim 11, wherein the burst data traffic includes monitoring data of fault current; and the periodic data service is monitoring data of the transmission line traveling wave current.
13. The access scheduling device for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 8, wherein the communication module is further configured to control the cluster head node to transmit the received data of the wireless sensor nodes in the cluster to the wireless access node in a multi-hop relay manner.
14. The access scheduling device for the internet of things of power transmission equipment according to claim 9, wherein the energy distance ratio is calculated by using the following formula:
wherein i represents the serial number of the wireless sensing node, E i Represents the residual energy of the ith wireless sensing node, d i And the distance between the ith wireless sensing node and the wireless access node is represented, and alpha represents a channel environment parameter and is determined according to the channel environment.
15. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for scheduling access to the internet of things for power transmitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
16. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the method for scheduling access to the internet of power transmission equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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