CN114826837B - Channel estimation method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Channel estimation method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a channel estimation method, a device, equipment and a storage medium, which are characterized in that all row coordinates of all possible non-zero values in a first column of an equivalent channel matrix are extracted, all column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates are extracted, a protection coordinate is generated, and a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end is generated according to a pilot frequency coordinate and the protection coordinate; transmitting the signal transmission sequence to a receiving end so that the receiving end analyzes the signal transmission sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence; and screening pilot symbols in the acquired signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information. The technical scheme of the invention reasonably sets the pilot frequency and the protection symbol in the signal transmission sequence based on the cycle characteristic of the equivalent channel matrix, and performs mapping processing on the pilot frequency symbol screened by the preset threshold value at the receiving end so as to improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel estimation method, apparatus, device, and storage medium.
Background
In an affine frequency division multiplexing wireless communication system, in order to perform equalization and detection on a demodulated signal at a receiver, a complex channel through which the signal passes needs to be estimated to obtain all channel state information, and the detection performance of the receiver directly depends on the accuracy of channel estimation. How to implement accurate and feasible channel estimation is a problem to be solved in an imitated radio frequency division multiplexing wireless communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: provided are a channel estimation method, device, apparatus and storage medium, which improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a channel estimation method, including:
extracting all row coordinates of rows where all possible non-zero values in a first column of an equivalent channel matrix are located, extracting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, and generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates;
the signal sending sequence is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end analyzes the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence;
and screening the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
In one possible implementation manner, according to the preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, a signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end is generated, specifically:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
and correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates to generate a first signal transmission sequence.
In one possible implementation manner, according to the preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, a signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end is generated, specifically:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates;
and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the blank coordinates outside the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence.
In one possible implementation manner, the screening of the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value specifically includes:
and calculating the pilot symbol energy of each acquired pilot symbol, comparing all the pilot symbol energy with a set threshold value respectively, judging whether the pilot symbol energy is larger than the threshold value, if so, reserving the pilot symbol, and if not, rejecting the pilot symbol.
In one possible implementation manner, the receiving end parses the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence, specifically:
acquiring column coordinates of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, extracting column information of a corresponding column in the equivalent channel matrix based on the column coordinates, and generating a group of pilot frequency signals;
acquiring the number of the pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence, and setting pilot frequency signals of a corresponding number group in the signal receiving sequence based on the number of the pilot frequencies;
and each set of pilot signals is correspondingly arranged at the position of each pilot of the signal transmission sequence, so that a signal reception sequence is obtained.
The invention also provides a channel estimation device, which comprises: the system comprises a signal transmission sequence generation module, a signal transmission sequence analysis module and a channel estimation module;
the signal transmission sequence generation module is used for extracting all row coordinates of the row where all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are located, extracting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the row corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, and generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates;
the signal sending sequence analyzing module is used for sending the signal sending sequence to a receiving end so that the receiving end can analyze the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence;
and the channel estimation module screens the pilot frequency symbols in the acquired signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and maps the screened pilot frequency symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal transmission sequence generating module is configured to generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to a preset pilot coordinate and the protection coordinate, where the signal transmission sequence specifically includes:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
and correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates to generate a first signal transmission sequence.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal transmission sequence generating module is configured to generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to a preset pilot coordinate and the protection coordinate, where the signal transmission sequence specifically includes:
the preset pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end, which specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates;
and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the blank coordinates outside the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence.
In a possible implementation manner, the channel estimation module is configured to screen the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, specifically:
and calculating the pilot symbol energy of each acquired pilot symbol, comparing all the pilot symbol energy with a set threshold value respectively, judging whether the pilot symbol energy is larger than the threshold value, if so, reserving the pilot symbol, and if not, rejecting the pilot symbol.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal sending sequence analyzing module is configured to enable the receiving end to analyze the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence, and specifically includes:
acquiring column coordinates of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, extracting column information of a corresponding column in the equivalent channel matrix based on the column coordinates, and generating a group of pilot frequency signals;
acquiring the number of the pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence, and setting pilot frequency signals of a corresponding number group in the signal receiving sequence based on the number of the pilot frequencies;
and each set of pilot signals is correspondingly arranged at the position of each pilot of the signal transmission sequence, so that a signal reception sequence is obtained.
The invention also provides a terminal device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the channel estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program when run controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform a channel estimation method according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the channel estimation method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium have the following beneficial effects:
based on the cycle characteristics of the equivalent channel matrix, extracting all row coordinates of all possible non-zero values in a first column of the equivalent channel matrix, extracting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, reasonably arranging pilot positions and protection symbol positions in the signal transmission sequence so as to prevent pilot from interference of other symbols, analyzing the signal transmission sequence through a receiving end to obtain a signal receiving sequence, screening pilot symbols in the obtained signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information. The invention reasonably sets the pilot frequency and the protection symbol in the signal transmission sequence based on the cycle characteristic of the equivalent channel matrix, and performs mapping processing on the pilot frequency symbol screened by the preset threshold value at the receiving end so as to improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a channel estimation method provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a channel estimation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent channel matrix according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission sequence of a pilot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a signal concatenation diagram of two pilots for one embodiment provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a mapping table when a pilot is placed at the 0 th position of a signaling sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission sequence of two pilots according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of signal transmission and reception of an affine frequency division multiplexing system with multiple inputs and multiple outputs according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of single antenna multi-user uplink/downlink signal communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a channel estimation method provided in the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps 101 to 103, specifically as follows:
step 101: extracting all row coordinates of all possible non-zero values in a first column of an equivalent channel matrix, extracting all column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, and generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates.
In an embodiment, in the affine frequency division multiplexing communication system, the following relationship is satisfied by the signal transmission sequence x and the signal reception sequence y in the discrete affine fourier transform domain of the transmitting end and the receiving end:
wherein N is the number of symbols,
for the noise of the DAFT domain of the receiving end, obeys zero mean value, and the variance is N 0 P.gtoreq.1 is the number of multipaths, q= (p+loc) i ) N ，loc i ＝α i +2Nc 1 l i ，α i ∈(-α max ,α max ) Is the integer Doppler frequency shift normalized by the sub-carrier interval of the ith sub-path, l i Is the normalized time delay of the ith sub-path for sampling interval, alpha max Is the maximum Doppler shift, < >>
c 2 Is any irrational number or far less than +.>
Is a rational number of (c).
In one embodiment, the relationship between the signal transmission sequence x and the signal reception sequence y is converted into a matrix form, which is as follows:
wherein the equivalent channel matrix
H is the expression of the channel matrix form, +.>
Is a noise vector in the DAFT domain.
In one embodiment, since in the affine frequency division multiplexing communication system, each column of each row in the equivalent channel matrix has q+1 possible non-zero values, and since the coordinates of the possible non-zero values in the equivalent channel matrix show cyclic characteristics in both the row direction and the column direction, it is indicated that each column of each row in the equivalent channel matrix contains all channel state information, wherein the equivalent channel matrix is schematically shown in fig. 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, all row coordinates of the rows in which all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are located are extracted based on the cyclic features of the equivalent channel matrix, where all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are shifted by the maximum doppler shift α max The number of symbol points N and the parameter Q of a single column are determined, as in FIG. 3, by determining that all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are (0, alpha) max )∪(N-Q+α max ,N-1)。
In one embodiment, parameters
l max The maximum time delay after normalization of the sampling period; />
In an embodiment, after extracting all row coordinates of rows where all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are located, extracting all row coordinates corresponding to all the extracted rows again, extracting all possible non-zero values in the row coordinates corresponding to all the rows, and setting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the row coordinates as protection coordinates.
In one embodiment, the number of symbols of the signal transmission sequence is obtained, wherein each symbol number corresponds to a coordinate; setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate, correspondingly setting the protection coordinate in the signal transmission sequence, setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinate, generating a first signal transmission sequence, and enabling a subsequent receiving end to avoid interference of other symbols when receiving the pilot frequency based on the set first protection symbol; in the diagram, as shown in fig. 4, P is a pilot, and 0 is a guard symbol.
Step 102: and transmitting the signal transmission sequence to a receiving end so that the receiving end analyzes the signal transmission sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence.
In one embodiment, the number of pilots and the number of symbol points N satisfy the following relationship:
N P (2l max α max +2α max +l max +1)≤N；
wherein N is p Is the number of pilot frequency, N is the number of symbol points, alpha max For maximum Doppler shift, l max Is the maximum delay.
In an embodiment, column coordinates of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence are obtained, column information of a corresponding column in the equivalent channel matrix is extracted based on the column coordinates, and a group of pilot frequency signals are generated; specifically, if the position of the first pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence is located at the zeroth position of the signal transmission sequence, correspondingly extracting column information of the zeroth column in the equivalent channel matrix, and generating a group of pilot frequency signals corresponding to the pilot frequency.
In an embodiment, if two first pilots exist in the signal transmission sequence, column information corresponding to two columns in the equivalent channel matrix is extracted, and a set of pilot signals corresponding to the two first pilots are generated respectively.
In one embodiment, the number of pilots in the signal transmission sequence is obtained, and a corresponding number of sets of pilot signals are set in the signal reception sequence based on the number of pilots. Specifically, after receiving the signal transmission sequence, the receiving end traverses the signal transmission sequence to obtain the number of pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence, and if the number of pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence is one, the receiving end sets a group of pilot signals in the signal reception sequence, wherein the number of the pilot signals in the group is Q+1; if the number of pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence is two, the receiving end sets 2q+2 pilot signals in the signal receiving sequence, and so on. And if two first pilots exist in the signal transmission sequence, extracting column information of two corresponding columns in the equivalent channel matrix, respectively generating a group of pilot signals corresponding to the two first pilots,
in an embodiment, when traversing the signal transmission sequence and acquiring the pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, the receiving end also needs to acquire the position of the pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, and based on the position of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, set each group of pilot frequency signals at the position of each pilot frequency, so as to obtain the signal receiving sequence.
In one embodiment, since the number of the symbol points forming the signal transmission sequence is the same as the number of the symbol points forming the channel receiving sequence, when the receiving end converts the pilot frequency in the pilot signal transmission sequence into q+1 pilot frequency symbols in the signal receiving sequence, the symbols on both sides of the position where the pilot frequency is located are occupied and converted into pilot frequency symbols; fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission and reception sequence of two pilots; when the number of pilots in the signal transmission sequence is 2, the signal transmission sequence diagram of the 2 pilots is shown in fig. 5 (a), and the signal reception sequence diagram of the two pilots generated by the receiving end is shown in fig. 5 (b), where Δ is the received pilot symbol.
Step 103: and screening the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
In one embodiment, the noise variance N is used to determine the noise variance 0 The normalized threshold value zeta judges whether a certain path in the channel exists or not; specifically, the pilot symbol energy of each pilot symbol is obtained through calculation, wherein the pilot symbol energy is the square of the absolute value of the pilot symbol, all the pilot symbol energies are respectively compared with a set threshold value, whether the pilot symbol energy is larger than the threshold value is judged, if yes, the pilot symbol energy is considered to have a path division, the pilot symbol is reserved, if no, the pilot symbol is considered to have no path divisionAnd dividing the paths and rejecting the pilot frequency symbols.
In an embodiment, since the threshold has a great influence on the accuracy of channel estimation, if the threshold is set too high, some weak sub-paths are not estimated; if the threshold value is set too large, some paths which are not actually present are misjudged to be present, and the accuracy of channel estimation is reduced in both cases, so that the subsequent detection performance is reduced. Therefore, in this embodiment, the threshold value is determined by the channel, and in actual use, dynamic adjustment is required according to the communication performance result to adapt to the changed channel. Specifically, as the pilot symbol energy increases, a larger threshold value is used to reduce the false positive probability; as pilot symbol energy decreases, a smaller threshold is used to reduce the missed probability.
In an embodiment, each pilot symbol is mapped through a preset mapping table, where the preset mapping table provides a conversion relationship between a DAFT domain expression and a delay-doppler domain expression of a channel, and based on the mapping, a delay-doppler characteristic of the channel is obtained, and meanwhile, based on the delay-doppler characteristic of the channel, channel estimation is completed.
As an illustration in this embodiment, a pilot is placed in the 0 th position in the signal transmission sequence, and the position m of the received pilot symbol corresponding to the pilot, and its corresponding complex gain h i Doppler shift of alpha i And a time delay of l i As shown in fig. 6, wherein fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a mapping table when the pilot is placed at the 0 th position of the signaling sequence.
In an embodiment, based on the relation between the signal transmission sequence x and the signal reception sequence y in the discrete affine fourier transform domain of the transmitting end and the receiving end mentioned in step 101, when the pilot is placed at other positions in the signal transmission sequence, the preset mapping table is adaptively modified, so as to obtain the mapping table corresponding to each pilot.
As an illustration in this embodiment, a channel estimation method provided in this embodiment may be appliedIn a multi-antenna scenario, i.e., a multiple-input multiple-output scenario; at a transmitting end of a multi-antenna scene, placing pilot symbols at specific positions and surrounding the pilot symbols with a proper amount of protection symbols according to the signal transmission sequence generation mode in the step 101 for each transmitting antenna in the transmitting end, and placing data symbols at blank coordinates of the signal transmission sequence, wherein the placement positions of the pilot symbols in each transmitting antenna are different; and at the receiving end, each receiving antenna is set according to the number of the transmitting antennas in the transmitting end and performs channel estimation according to the corresponding number of the received pilot symbols, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a signal transmitting and receiving schematic diagram of a 3x3 multiple input multiple output affine frequency division multiplexing system, fig. 8 (a) (b) (c) shows the transmitting schematic diagrams of three transmitting antennas, and fig. 8 (d) shows the receiving schematic diagram of one receiving antenna. And the number N of the transmitting antennas of any transmitting end t >1. Number of receiving antennas N at receiving end r >The specific symbol arrangement scheme of the multi-input multi-output affine frequency division multiplexing system of 1 is shown in the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
for transmitting symbols +.>
Represents the nth t Data symbols x of each transmitting antenna p Is a pilot symbol.
N is N t ×N r Symbol number O required by MIMO system for channel estimation AFDM The calculation formula is as follows:
O AFDM ＝(N t +1)Q+N t ＝2N t l max α max +2l max α max +2N t α max +N t l max +2α max +l max +N t 。
as an illustration in this embodiment, the channel estimation method provided in this embodiment may also be applied to a multi-user scenario, for example, in a single-antenna multi-user uplink scenario, where the arrangement of pilot coordinates of different users is the same as the above-mentioned arrangement in the multi-antenna scenario, and each user occupies a part of the remaining blank coordinates to be used for placing its own data symbol, and each part is separated by a guard symbol to avoid inter-user interference; in the single antenna multi-user uplink and downlink scenario, only one pilot frequency is needed to be used for a transmitting antenna at the transmitting end of the base station in the downlink transmission process, because all users can utilize the received pilot frequency symbol corresponding to the pilot frequency to perform channel estimation, and the downlink scenario is similar to the uplink scenario, and the protection symbol is needed to be used for spacing data transmitted to different users so as to avoid inter-user interference. As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of uplink/downlink signal communication between multiple users of a single antenna, fig. 9 (a) (b) (c) shows a schematic diagram of uplink communication between three users of a single antenna and a base station, and fig. 9 (d) shows a schematic diagram of downlink communication between a single antenna base station and three users.
Example 2
For embodiment 1, the difference in this embodiment is in step 101: and generating signal transmission sequences of the transmitting end according to the preset pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates in different modes.
In this embodiment, the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence is set as a pilot coordinate, and a first pilot is set at the pilot coordinate; correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates; and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the pilot frequency coordinates and the blank coordinates outside the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence, wherein the signal transmission sequences of the two pilot frequencies are shown in a schematic diagram of fig. 7, p is the pilot frequency, and 0 is the protection symbol.
In an embodiment, the number of the second pilots set at the blank coordinates may be one or more, and for each second pilot set at the blank coordinates, Q guard symbols are set at the blank coordinates on both sides of the second pilot, and each second pilot is spaced by the guard symbols, so as to avoid interference between signals.
In this embodiment, since the accuracy of the channel estimation performance is reduced under the condition of high noise, an additional second pilot symbol is placed at the blank coordinates other than the pilot coordinates and the first guard coordinates to perform multiple channel estimation, so as to weaken the influence of noise on the accuracy of channel estimation, and improve the accuracy of subsequent channel estimation.
In summary, according to the channel estimation methods provided in embodiments 1 and 2, based on the cycle characteristics of the equivalent channel matrix, by obtaining possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix, the pilot frequency and the protection symbol positions in the signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end are reasonably set, so that the receiving end receives the pilot frequency symbols and avoids interference of other symbols, and at the same time, the receiving end screens the pilot frequency symbols according to the threshold value after receiving the pilot frequency symbols, so as to improve the subsequent detection performance, and performs mapping processing on the screened pilot frequency symbols, so that channel estimation can be completed, and the channel estimation accuracy and the channel estimation efficiency are improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a channel estimation device provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the device includes a signal transmission sequence generating module 201, a signal transmission sequence analyzing module 202, and a channel estimation module 203, specifically as follows:
the signal transmission sequence generating module 201 is configured to extract all row coordinates of rows where all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are located, extract column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates, generate protection coordinates, and generate a signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end according to preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates.
The signal transmission sequence analysis module 202 is configured to send the signal transmission sequence to a receiving end, so that the receiving end analyzes the signal transmission sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence.
The channel estimation module 203 is configured to screen the obtained pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and map the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
In an embodiment, the signal transmission sequence generating module 201 is configured to construct a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, specifically, set a zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot coordinate, and set a first pilot at the pilot coordinate; and correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates to generate a first signal transmission sequence.
In an embodiment, the channel estimation module 203 is configured to screen the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold, specifically calculate the pilot symbol energy of each acquired pilot symbol, compare all the pilot symbol energies with the set threshold respectively, determine whether the pilot symbol energy is greater than the threshold, if so, reserve the pilot symbol, and if not, reject the pilot symbol.
In an embodiment, the signal transmission sequence analyzing module 202 is configured to obtain column coordinates of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, extract column information of a corresponding column in the equivalent channel matrix based on the column coordinates, and generate a set of pilot signals; acquiring the number of the pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence, and setting pilot frequency signals of a corresponding number group in the signal receiving sequence based on the number of the pilot frequencies; and each set of pilot signals is correspondingly arranged at the position of each pilot of the signal transmission sequence, so that a signal reception sequence is obtained.
Example 4
For embodiment 3, the difference in this embodiment is that in the signal transmission sequence generating module 201, the signal transmission sequence generating module 201 is configured to construct a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to a preset pilot coordinate and the protection coordinate in different manners.
A signal transmission sequence generating module 201, configured to generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to the preset pilot frequency coordinate and the protection coordinate, specifically, set a zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and set a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate; correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates; and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the blank coordinates outside the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment for the specific working process of the above-described apparatus, which is not described in detail herein.
It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments of the channel estimation apparatus are merely illustrative, where the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the channel estimation method, another embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation terminal device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the channel estimation method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
Illustratively, in this embodiment the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to perform the present invention. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions for describing the execution of the computer program in the channel estimation terminal device.
The channel estimation terminal equipment can be computing equipment such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server and the like. The channel estimation terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory.
The processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, which is a control center of the channel estimation terminal device, and which connects various parts of the entire channel estimation terminal device using various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used to store the computer program and/or the module, and the processor may implement various functions of the channel estimation terminal device by running or executing the computer program and/or the module stored in the memory and invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart Media Card (SMC), secure Digital (SD) Card, flash Card (FlashCard), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state memory device.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments of the channel estimation method, another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, where the storage medium includes a stored computer program, where, when the computer program runs, a device where the storage medium is controlled to execute the channel estimation method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes computer program code, where the computer program code may be in a source code form, an object code form, an executable file, or some intermediate form, and so on. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a Read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth. It should be noted that the computer readable medium contains content that can be appropriately scaled according to the requirements of jurisdictions in which such content is subject to legislation and patent practice, such as in certain jurisdictions in which such content is subject to legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
In summary, the invention provides a channel estimation method, a device, equipment and a storage medium, which are characterized in that all row coordinates of rows where all possible non-zero values in a first column of an equivalent channel matrix are located are extracted, column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in rows corresponding to all row coordinates are extracted, protection coordinates are generated, and a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end is generated according to pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates; transmitting the signal transmission sequence to a receiving end so that the receiving end analyzes the signal transmission sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence; and screening pilot symbols in the acquired signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information. The technical scheme of the invention reasonably sets the pilot frequency and the protection symbol in the signal transmission sequence based on the cycle characteristic of the equivalent channel matrix, and performs mapping processing on the pilot frequency symbol screened by the preset threshold value at the receiving end so as to improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of channel estimation, comprising:
extracting all row coordinates of rows where all possible non-zero values in a first column of an equivalent channel matrix are located, extracting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the rows corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, and generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot frequency coordinates and the protection coordinates;
the signal sending sequence is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end analyzes the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence;
and screening the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and mapping the screened pilot symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end according to the preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates specifically comprises:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
and correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates to generate a first signal transmission sequence.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a signal transmission sequence of the transmitting end according to the preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates specifically comprises:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates;
and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the blank coordinates outside the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence.
4. The method for channel estimation according to claim 1, wherein the step of screening the acquired pilot symbols in the signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value comprises:
and calculating the pilot symbol energy of each acquired pilot symbol, comparing all the pilot symbol energy with a set threshold value respectively, judging whether the pilot symbol energy is larger than the threshold value, if so, reserving the pilot symbol, and if not, rejecting the pilot symbol.
5. The method of channel estimation according to claim 1, wherein the receiving end parses the signal transmission sequence to obtain a signal reception sequence, specifically:
acquiring column coordinates of each pilot frequency in the signal transmission sequence, extracting column information of a corresponding column in the equivalent channel matrix based on the column coordinates, and generating a group of pilot frequency signals;
acquiring the number of the pilot frequencies in the signal transmission sequence, and setting pilot frequency signals of a corresponding number group in the signal receiving sequence based on the number of the pilot frequencies;
and each set of pilot signals is correspondingly arranged at the position of each pilot of the signal transmission sequence, so that a signal reception sequence is obtained.
6. A channel estimation apparatus, comprising: the system comprises a signal transmission sequence generation module, a signal transmission sequence analysis module and a channel estimation module;
the signal transmission sequence generation module is used for extracting all row coordinates of the row where all possible non-zero values in the first column of the equivalent channel matrix are located, extracting column coordinates corresponding to all possible non-zero values in the row corresponding to all row coordinates, generating protection coordinates, and generating a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to preset pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates;
the signal sending sequence analyzing module is used for sending the signal sending sequence to a receiving end so that the receiving end can analyze the signal sending sequence to obtain a signal receiving sequence;
and the channel estimation module screens the pilot frequency symbols in the acquired signal receiving sequence according to a preset threshold value, and maps the screened pilot frequency symbols to obtain channel estimation information.
7. The channel estimation device of claim 6, wherein the signal transmission sequence generating module is configured to generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to a preset pilot coordinate and the protection coordinate, specifically:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
and correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates to generate a first signal transmission sequence.
8. The channel estimation device of claim 6, wherein the signal transmission sequence generating module is configured to generate a signal transmission sequence of a transmitting end according to a preset pilot coordinate and the protection coordinate, specifically:
setting the zeroth coordinate of the signal transmission sequence as a pilot frequency coordinate, and setting a first pilot frequency at the pilot frequency coordinate;
correspondingly setting the protection coordinates in the signal transmission sequence, and setting a first protection symbol at the protection coordinates;
and acquiring the signal transmission sequence, removing the blank coordinates outside the pilot coordinates and the protection coordinates, setting a second pilot frequency and a second protection symbol at the blank coordinates, and generating a first signal transmission sequence.
9. A terminal device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the channel estimation method according to any of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the channel estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| JP2012517761A (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2012-08-02 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | Data transmission method and apparatus in multiple antenna system |
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| CN102457360A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Pre-coding processing method, pre-coding processing device and base station |
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