CN114825261A - Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply device and electronic device - Google Patents
Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply device and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114825261A CN114825261A CN202210449791.0A CN202210449791A CN114825261A CN 114825261 A CN114825261 A CN 114825261A CN 202210449791 A CN202210449791 A CN 202210449791A CN 114825261 A CN114825261 A CN 114825261A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000031361 Hiccup Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J4/00—Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
Abstract
The application discloses a short-circuit protection circuit, a power supply device and an electronic device, wherein the input end of the short-circuit protection circuit is used for being connected with the detection output end of a power supply system, the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a protection module, the protection module is connected with the power supply system through the input end and is used for outputting a load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, so that the power supply circuit outputs a first power supply signal to a protection piece, the protection piece is further enabled to break a path between the power supply system and a load, and the load is subjected to short-circuit protection; after a path between the power supply system and the load is disconnected, a system protection signal is output to the power supply system, so that the power supply circuit outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system, and the amplitude of the first power supply signal is larger than that of the second power supply signal. By means of the mode, short-circuit protection can be conducted on the load and the power supply system, and circuit reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a short-circuit protection circuit, a power supply device and an electronic device.
Background
At present, the requirements on the reliability and the safety of a power supply circuit are higher and higher, the short-circuit fault of the power supply circuit easily causes the amplitude of a power supply signal output by the power supply circuit to be overlarge, so that a device is damaged, the existing short-circuit constant-current protection mechanism only can maintain the stable amplitude of the power supply signal, a protection part arranged between the power supply circuit and a load cannot be disconnected, the load cannot be protected, the short-circuit hiccup protection mechanism can eliminate the power supply signal with the instantaneous large amplitude, but easily causes the damage to the power supply circuit, and the two short-circuit protection mechanisms cannot play a good short-circuit protection effect on the load and the power supply circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a short-circuit protection circuit, power supply unit and electron device can carry out short-circuit protection to load and power supply system, improves the circuit reliability.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the input end of the short-circuit protection circuit is used for being connected with the detection output end of a power supply system, wherein the power supply system comprises a power supply circuit and a protection piece connected between the power supply circuit and a load, and the power supply circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal to supply power to the load; the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a protection module, wherein the protection module is connected with the power supply system through an input end and is used for outputting a load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, so that the power supply circuit outputs a first power supply signal to the protection piece, the protection piece is further enabled to break a path between the power supply system and a load, and the load is subjected to short-circuit protection; after a path between the power supply system and the load is disconnected, a system protection signal is output to the power supply system, so that the power supply circuit outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system, and the amplitude of the first power supply signal is larger than that of the second power supply signal.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present application is: the power supply device comprises a power supply system and a short-circuit protection circuit, wherein the power supply system comprises a power supply circuit and a protection piece connected between the power supply circuit and a load, and the power supply circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal to supply power to the load; the input end of the short-circuit protection circuit is connected with the detection output end of the power supply system and used for performing short-circuit protection on the power supply system and the load when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit is the short-circuit protection circuit in the technical scheme.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application adopts another technical solution: the electronic device comprises a short-circuit protection circuit, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit is the short-circuit protection circuit in the technical scheme.
Through the scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are that: the input end is connected with the detection output end of the power supply system, the protection module is connected with the power supply system through the input end, and can output a load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, so that the power supply circuit outputs a first power supply signal to the protection piece, and the protection piece breaks a path between the power supply system and the load to perform short-circuit protection on the load; after a path between the power supply system and the load is disconnected, outputting a system protection signal to the power supply system so that the power supply circuit outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system; can carry out short circuit monitoring to the power supply system through the protection module, when the short circuit trouble appears in power supply system, can export load protection signal to power supply system earlier, so that power supply system exports the great first power supply signal of amplitude to the protection piece, so that the protection piece breaks off the route between power supply system and the load, realize the protection to the load, then export system protection signal to power supply system again, so that power supply system invariable exports the less second power supply signal of amplitude, can reduce the power supply system because of the energy loss that the short circuit produced, prevent that power supply system's device from receiving the damage, compromise the short-circuit protection to load and power supply system, improve circuit reliability greatly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a short-circuit protection circuit provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a short-circuit protection circuit provided in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the short-circuit protection circuit provided herein to a power supply system;
FIG. 4 is an experimental test result of the short-circuit protection circuit provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power supply apparatus provided in the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Likewise, the following examples are only some examples and not all examples of the present application, and all other examples obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present application.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a short-circuit protection circuit provided in the present application, an input end of a short-circuit protection circuit 10 is used for connecting to a detection output end of a power supply system 11, and an amplitude of an output signal of the power supply system 11 can be monitored through the detection output end, so as to determine whether a short-circuit fault occurs in the power supply system 11.
Specifically, the power supply system 11 may include a power supply circuit 111 and a protection component 112 connected between the power supply circuit 111 and the load 12, wherein the power supply circuit 111 is configured to output a power supply signal to supply power to the load 12; it is understood that the power supply circuit 111 may be a conventional circuit structure in the power supply technology field, and is not limited herein, and the protection component 112 may be a fuse, an air switch, or other devices, which can automatically open a path between the power supply system 11 and the load 12 when the amplitude of the power supply signal is greater than its preset safety amplitude, so as to protect the load 12 from being damaged after the load 12 is impacted by a large current, where the preset safety amplitude of the protection component 112 may be set according to actual conditions, and is not limited herein.
The short-circuit protection circuit 10 includes a protection module 101, where the protection module 101 may be connected to the power supply system 11 through an input end, and is configured to output a load protection signal to the power supply system 11 when a short-circuit fault occurs in the power supply system 11, so that the power supply circuit 111 outputs a first power supply signal to the protection element 112, and further the protection element 112 disconnects a path between the power supply system 11 and the load 12, so as to perform short-circuit protection on the load 12; the protection module 101 may further output a system protection signal to the power supply system 11 after the path between the power supply system 11 and the load 12 is disconnected, so that the power supply circuit 111 outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system 11.
Specifically, the power supply signal may include a first power supply signal and a second power supply signal, an amplitude of the first power supply signal is greater than an amplitude of the second power supply signal, and an amplitude of the first power supply signal may be greater than or equal to a preset safety amplitude of the protection component 112, so as to trigger the protection component 112 to open a path between the power supply system 11 and the load 12 by using the first power supply signal with the greater amplitude, so as to perform short-circuit protection on the load 12, and then reduce energy loss of the power supply system 11 by using the second power supply signal with the smaller amplitude, so as to protect the power supply system 11, and prevent the power supply and devices in the power supply system 11 from being damaged due to excessive energy.
In an embodiment, the protection module 101 may enable the power supply circuit 111 to constantly output the first power supply signal/the second power supply signal for a preset time period by outputting the load protection signal/the system protection signal to the power supply system 11 for the preset time period.
Specifically, when the protection module 101 monitors that the power supply system 11 has a short-circuit fault, a load protection signal may be fed back to the power supply system 11 in a first preset time period, so that the power supply circuit 111 constantly outputs a first power supply signal with a larger amplitude in the first preset time period based on the load protection signal; then, after the path between the power supply system 11 and the load 12 is disconnected, outputting a system protection signal to the power supply system 11 within a second preset time period, so that the power supply circuit 111 constantly outputs a second power supply signal within the second preset time period to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system 11; it is to be understood that the lengths of the first preset time period and the second preset time period may be set according to actual situations, and in a specific embodiment, the first preset time period or the second preset time period may also be a certain instant time, which is not limited herein.
The short-circuit protection circuit in the embodiment comprises a protection module, short-circuit monitoring can be carried out on a power supply system through the protection module, when a short-circuit fault occurs to the power supply system, the protection module firstly outputs a load protection signal to the power supply system, so that the power supply circuit outputs a first power supply signal with a larger amplitude to a protection piece, so that the protection piece breaks a path between the power supply system and a load, protection to the load is realized, then the protection module outputs a system protection signal to the power supply system, so that the power supply circuit constantly outputs a second power supply signal with a smaller amplitude, energy loss generated by the power supply system due to short circuit can be reduced, devices of the power supply system are prevented from being damaged, short-circuit protection to the load and the power supply system is considered, and circuit reliability is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a short-circuit protection circuit provided in the present application, in which an input terminal of the short-circuit protection circuit 20 is used for connecting to a detection output terminal of a power supply system 22; the power supply system 22 may include a power supply circuit 23 and a protection component 24 connected between the power supply circuit 23 and a load 27, the power supply circuit 23 is configured to output a power supply signal to supply power to the load 27, and the power supply signal may include a first power supply signal and a second power supply signal; specifically, in an embodiment, the power supply circuit 23 may include a power supply control chip 25 and a driving circuit 26, where the power supply control chip 25 is configured to output a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM); the driving circuit 26 is connected to the power supply 28, the power supply control chip 25, the protection component 24, and the protection module 21, and is configured to process a signal of the power supply 28 output from the power supply 28 based on the pulse modulation signal and output a power supply signal.
Specifically, the power supply control chip 25 may be connected to the protection module 21, and is configured to receive the load protection signal or the system protection signal, and adjust the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal based on the load protection signal or the system protection signal, so that the driving circuit 26 adjusts the amplitude of the power supply signal based on the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal to output a first power supply signal or a second power supply signal with a constant amplitude; the manner of adjusting the amplitude of the power supply signal based on the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal may be a conventional manner in the art, and is not described herein again.
The protection module 21 may be connected to the power supply system 22 through an input end, and is configured to output a load protection signal to the power supply system 22 when the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault, so that the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 outputs a first power supply signal to the protection element 24, and further the protection element 24 disconnects a path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27, so as to perform short-circuit protection on the load 27; after the path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27 is disconnected, the protection module 21 may further output a system protection signal to the power supply system 22, so that the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system 22, and an amplitude of the first power supply signal is greater than an amplitude of the second power supply signal. Specifically, the protection module 21 may include a current control loop, and the current control loop may be a current control loop in the circuit technology field, and the circuit structure of the current control loop is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, the protection module 21 may include one current control loop, that is, the number of the current control loops may be one, and the current control loop may be connected to the power supply system 22 through an input terminal, and is configured to output a load protection signal to the power supply system 22 when the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault, and output a system protection signal to the power supply system 22 after a path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27 is disconnected; specifically, a software control mode can be used for controlling a current control loop to output a load protection signal firstly and then output a system protection signal; it is understood that, in other embodiments, the number of the protection signals output by the current control loop may be two or more, and the specific number may be set according to practical situations, so that the power supply system 22 can output the power supply signal with the amplitude gradually decreasing, and is not limited herein.
In another embodiment, the protection module 21 may further include two or more current control loops; specifically, the protection module 21 may include a load current control loop and a system current control loop that are connected in parallel, where the load current control loop is configured to output a load protection signal to the power supply system 22 when the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault; the system current control loop is used for outputting a system protection signal to the power supply system 22 after a path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27 is disconnected; the load current control loop may be configured to monitor a power supply signal output by the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22, and determine that the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault when the amplitude of the power supply signal is greater than a first preset amplitude, so as to output a load protection signal to the power supply system 22, where a specific value of the first preset amplitude may be set according to an actual situation, and is not limited herein.
Further, the system current control loop may include a plurality of current control loops, the plurality of current control loops being connected in parallel with each other, the system protection signal may include a plurality of subsystem protection signals, and the plurality of current control loops are configured to output the plurality of subsystem protection signals, so as to control the amplitude of the second power supply signal output by the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 to decrease progressively by using the plurality of subsystem protection signals; in a specific embodiment, the multiple parallel system current control loops may respectively and sequentially output the subsystem protection signal to the power supply system 22, and the multiple subsystem protection signals control the amplitude of the second power supply signal output by the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 to decrease gradually, so as to reduce energy loss of the power supply system 22 gradually, and effectively prevent the power supply 28 from burning the power supply system 22 due to excessive energy.
It is understood that the amplitude of the first power supply signal may be equal to the preset safety amplitude of the protection component 24, so that when the protection module 21 detects that the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault, the power supply system 22 can output the first power supply signal at a constant time based on the load protection signal to reach the preset safety amplitude of the protection component 24, so that the protection component 24 opens the path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27.
In a specific embodiment, the protection module 21 may feed back a load protection signal to the power supply system 22 within a first preset time period, and then output a system protection signal to the power supply system 22 within a second preset time period after a path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27 is disconnected, so that the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 constantly outputs a second power supply signal within the second preset time period to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system 22; it can be understood that the time lengths of the first preset time period and the second preset time period can be set according to actual situations.
Specifically, the first preset time period may be a certain instant time, that is, the protection module 21 may instantaneously output the load protection signal to the power supply system 22, so that the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 instantaneously outputs the first power supply signal with a larger amplitude to disconnect the path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27, and then the protection module 21 immediately outputs the system protection signal to the power supply system 22, so that the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 outputs the second power supply signal with a smaller amplitude, which can ensure that the path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27 is disconnected and reduce the output time of the first power supply signal, thereby further greatly reducing the energy loss of the power supply system 22 and improving the short-circuit protection effect; it is understood that, in other embodiments, the second preset time period may also be a certain instant time, and is not limited herein.
The amplitude of the first power supply signal and the amplitude of the second power supply signal can be determined by a load protection signal and a system protection signal, the current control loop can output different load protection signals/system protection signals according to a current preset value of the current control loop, so as to control the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 to output power supply signals with different amplitudes, the current preset value can be selected by a user according to actual conditions, and the current preset value is not limited herein; for example: the current preset value of the load current control loop is set to be 35A, the current preset value of the system current control loop is set to be 8A, when a short-circuit fault of the power supply system 22 occurs, the load protection signal can be used for controlling the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 to output a first power supply signal with the amplitude of 35A, the system protection signal is used for controlling the power supply circuit 23 in the power supply system 22 to output a second power supply signal with the amplitude of 8A, and so on, when the number of the system current control loops is multiple, the current preset value of each system current control loop can be gradually reduced, and therefore the amplitude of the power supply signal is gradually reduced.
In an embodiment, the protection module 21 may further include an optical coupling isolation circuit (not shown in the figure), an output end of the optical coupling isolation circuit is connected to the power supply system 22, and an input end of the optical coupling isolation circuit is connected to the load current control loop and the system current control loop, and is configured to receive a load protection signal or a system protection signal and output the load protection signal or the system protection signal to the power supply system 22; specifically, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection between the short-circuit protection circuit 20 and the power supply system 22, where in fig. 3, taking an example that the protection module 21 includes a current control loop, the protection module 21 may output a feedback load protection signal or a system protection signal to a COMP pin of the power supply control chip 25 through the optical coupling isolation circuit U1 to control an amplitude of the power supply signal, and meanwhile, the optical coupling isolation circuit U1 is used to achieve isolation and anti-interference functions.
In a specific embodiment, the driving circuit 26 may include a switching tube, the switching tube is connected to the power supply 28 and the power supply control chip 25, and is configured to perform a chopping process on a signal of the power supply 28 output by the power supply 28 based on the pulse modulation signal to obtain a power supply signal; specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the switch may be a Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), the driving circuit 26 may further include a first winding L1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a Transistor Q1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the Output pin of the power supply control chip 25 and one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and the base of the Transistor Q, the emitter of the Transistor Q is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5, the collector of the Transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the drain of the MOS Transistor M1, the other end of the first winding L1 is connected to the power supply 28.
It is understood that fig. 3 illustrates only one circuit structure of the driving circuit 26, and in other embodiments, the driving circuit 26 may also have other structures in the circuit technology field, which is not limited herein.
In a specific embodiment, the power supply system 22 may further include a rectifying circuit (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the power supply control chip 25 and is configured to rectify the chip power supply signal of the power supply control chip 25 to obtain a dc power supply signal, and output the dc power supply signal to the power supply control chip 25 to supply power to the power supply control chip 25; specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the rectifier circuit may include a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a diode D, and a second winding L2, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the VCC pin of the power supply control chip 25, one end of the second capacitor C2, and one end of the diode D, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end of the diode D is connected to one end of the second winding L2, and the other end of the second winding L2 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2 and grounded.
It is understood that fig. 3 illustrates only one circuit structure of the rectifier circuit, and in other embodiments, the rectifier circuit may also be another rectifier structure in the circuit technology field, which is not limited herein.
In a specific embodiment, the protection module 21 may further include a sampling circuit (not shown in the figure), where the sampling circuit is configured to obtain a power supply signal of the power supply system 22, process the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal, and feed the voltage signal back to the power supply system 22, so that the power supply system 22 stops supplying power to the load 27 when the amplitude of the voltage signal is greater than a second preset amplitude, and resumes supplying power to the load 27 after the amplitude of the voltage signal is reduced to a third preset amplitude; specifically, the sampling circuit is connected to the power supply control chip 25 and the driving circuit 26, and is configured to process the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal, and feed back the voltage signal to the power supply control chip 25, so that the power supply control chip 25 outputs a low-level pulse modulation signal when the amplitude of the voltage signal is greater than a second preset amplitude, so that the driving circuit 26 stops outputting the power supply signal, and continues to output a high-level pulse modulation signal after the amplitude of the voltage signal is reduced to a third preset amplitude, so as to implement a short circuit hiccup function; the second preset amplitude can be smaller than the first preset amplitude, namely when the short-circuit fault occurs and the amplitude of the power supply signal is small, the short-circuit protection is realized by utilizing the hiccup protection function, and the specific numerical value of the second preset amplitude can be set according to the actual condition without limitation.
It can be understood that the third preset amplitude value may be 0A, that is, when a short-circuit fault occurs, the output of the power supply signal is stopped to instantaneously eliminate the power supply signal with a larger amplitude value, and then the power supply signal is continuously output to recover to a normal working state, so as to play a role in short-circuit protection; it should be understood that the MOS transistor M that is turned on at a high level is used in this embodiment, and the pulse modulation signal at a low level may be output to stop outputting the power supply signal at this time.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the sampling circuit may include a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a third capacitor C3, one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3 and the Isense pin of the power supply control chip 25, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the source of the MOS transistor M, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the other end of the third capacitor C3 and the shielding element 24, the seventh resistor R7 is configured to output a power supply signal to the shielding element 24, process the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal, and feed back the voltage signal to the Isense pin of the power supply control chip 25 through the sixth resistor R6, so that the power supply control chip 25 outputs a low-level pulse modulation signal when the amplitude of the voltage signal is greater than a second preset amplitude, and further turns off the MOS transistor M and stops outputting the power supply signal.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is an experimental test result of the short-circuit protection circuit 20 in the embodiment, wherein the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the power supply signal, and the load current control loop can determine that the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault when the amplitude of the power supply signal is detected to be greater than 35A (as indicated by a schematic point a in fig. 4), so as to instantaneously output the load protection signal to the power supply system 22, so that the power supply system 22 instantaneously outputs a first power supply signal (as shown by a waveform 1 in fig. 4) having an amplitude of 35A, so that the protection component 24 breaks a path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27, and then output the system protection signal to the power supply system 22 for a second preset time period, so that the power supply system 22 maintains a second power supply signal output (as shown by a waveform 2 in fig. 4) having an amplitude of 8A during the second preset time period, and output a third protection signal to the power supply system 22 for a third preset time period, so that the power supply system 22 maintains the third power supply signal output with the amplitude value of 6.6A (as shown in the waveform 3 in fig. 4) for the third preset time period, and outputs the fourth protection signal to the power supply system 22 for the fourth preset time period, so that the power supply system 22 maintains the third power supply signal output with the amplitude value of 0A (as shown in the waveform 4 in fig. 4) for the fourth preset time period to stop outputting the power supply signal.
It can be known that, when the power supply system 22 has a short-circuit fault, the short-circuit protection circuit in the embodiment can instantaneously output a power supply signal with a large amplitude to disconnect the path between the power supply system 22 and the load 27, and can control the amplitude of the power supply signal to be gradually reduced, thereby realizing the stepped reduction of energy.
According to the embodiment, when a short-circuit fault is monitored, one or more current control loops are utilized to output corresponding protection signals to the power supply system in sequence, so that the power supply system outputs a first power supply signal with a larger amplitude to the protection piece at the moment when the short-circuit fault starts, the protection piece is disconnected from a path between the power supply system and a load, the load is protected, then the power supply system outputs a power supply signal with an amplitude gradually decreased, the energy loss of the power supply system is gradually reduced, the situation that the power supply burns the power supply system due to overlarge energy is effectively prevented, and the reliability of the circuit is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power supply device provided in the present application, in which the power supply device 50 includes a power supply system 51 and a short-circuit protection circuit 52, the power supply system 51 includes a power supply circuit 53 and a protection element 54 connected between the power supply circuit 53 and a load 55, and the power supply circuit 53 is configured to output a power supply signal to supply power to the load 55; the input end of the short-circuit protection circuit 52 is connected to the detection output end of the power supply system 51, and is configured to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system 51 and the load 55 when a short-circuit fault occurs in the power supply system 51, where the short-circuit protection circuit 52 is the short-circuit protection circuit in the foregoing embodiment.
In one embodiment, the power supply circuit 53 may include a power supply control chip (not shown) and a driving circuit (not shown), the power supply control chip is used for outputting a pulse modulation signal; the driving circuit is connected to the power supply, the power supply control chip, the protection element 54 and the short-circuit protection circuit 52, and is configured to process a power supply signal output by the power supply based on the pulse modulation signal and output a power supply signal; the driving circuit may be the circuit structure exemplified in the above embodiments, and may also be other structures in the circuit technology field, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, the power supply control chip is connected to the short-circuit protection circuit 52, and is configured to receive the load 55 protection signal or the system protection signal, and adjust the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal based on the load 55 protection signal or the system protection signal, so that the driving circuit adjusts the amplitude of the power supply signal based on the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal to output the first power supply signal or the second power supply signal with a constant amplitude.
In a specific embodiment, the short-circuit protection circuit 52 may further include a sampling circuit (not shown in the figure), where the sampling circuit is a sampling circuit included in the protection module 21 in the above embodiment, and the sampling circuit is connected to the power supply control chip and the driving circuit, and is configured to process the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal, and feed the voltage signal back to the power supply control chip, so that the power supply control chip outputs a low-level pulse modulation signal when the amplitude of the voltage signal is greater than the second preset amplitude, so that the driving circuit stops outputting the power supply signal, and continues to output the high-level pulse modulation signal after the amplitude of the voltage signal is reduced to the third preset amplitude.
The power supply device in the embodiment can effectively protect the load and the power supply system when a short-circuit fault occurs, can gradually reduce the energy loss of the power supply system, effectively prevents the power supply from burning the power supply system due to overlarge energy, and greatly improves the reliability of the device.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present application, and the electronic device 60 includes a short-circuit protection circuit 61, where the short-circuit protection circuit 61 is a short-circuit protection circuit in the above embodiment.
The above embodiments are merely examples, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications, equivalents, and flow charts using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present application, or those directly or indirectly applied to other related arts, are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A short-circuit protection circuit, comprising:
the protection device comprises an input end, a detection output end and a protection part, wherein the input end is used for being connected with a power supply system, the power supply system comprises a power supply circuit and the protection part connected between the power supply circuit and a load, and the power supply circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal to supply power to the load;
the protection module is connected with the power supply system through the input end and used for outputting a load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, so that the power supply circuit outputs a first power supply signal to the protection piece, the protection piece is further enabled to break a path between the power supply system and the load, and the load is subjected to short-circuit protection; the protection module is further used for outputting a system protection signal to the power supply system after a path between the power supply system and the load is disconnected, so that the power supply circuit outputs a second power supply signal to perform short-circuit protection on the power supply system, and the amplitude of the first power supply signal is larger than that of the second power supply signal.
2. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1,
the protection module comprises a current control loop, the current control loop is connected with the power supply system through the input end, the current control loop is used for outputting the load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, and the current control loop is also used for outputting the system protection signal to the power supply system after the power supply system is disconnected with a path between loads.
3. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the protection module comprises a load current control loop and a system current control loop connected in parallel, and the load current control loop is configured to output the load protection signal to the power supply system when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault;
the system current control loop is used for outputting the system protection signal to the power supply system after a path between the power supply system and the load is disconnected.
4. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the load current control loop is configured to monitor a power supply signal output by the power supply circuit, and determine that the power supply system has a short-circuit fault when the amplitude of the power supply signal is greater than a first preset amplitude, so as to output the load protection signal to the power supply system.
5. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the system current control loop comprises a plurality of current control loops configured to output a plurality of subsystem protection signals for controlling the magnitude of the second power supply signal output by the power supply system to decrease with the plurality of subsystem protection signals.
6. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 3,
the protection module group still includes opto-isolator circuit, opto-isolator circuit's output with power supply system connects, opto-isolator circuit's input with load current control loop and system current control loop connects, is used for receiving load protection signal or system protection signal, and will load protection signal or system protection signal output extremely power supply system.
7. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1,
the protection module comprises a sampling circuit, wherein the sampling circuit is used for acquiring the power supply signal output by the power supply circuit, processing the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal, feeding the voltage signal back to the power supply system, so that the power supply system stops supplying power to the load when the amplitude of the voltage signal is greater than a second preset amplitude, and the power supply of the load is recovered after the amplitude of the voltage signal is reduced to a third preset amplitude.
8. A power supply device is characterized by comprising a power supply system and a short-circuit protection circuit, wherein the power supply system comprises a power supply circuit and a protection part connected between the power supply circuit and a load, and the power supply circuit is used for outputting a power supply signal to supply power to the load;
the input end of the short-circuit protection circuit is connected with the detection output end of the power supply system, and is used for performing short-circuit protection on the power supply system and the load when the power supply system has a short-circuit fault, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit is the short-circuit protection circuit in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The power supply device according to claim 8, wherein the power supply circuit comprises:
the power supply control chip is used for outputting a pulse modulation signal;
the driving circuit is connected with a power supply, the power supply control chip, the protection piece and the short-circuit protection circuit and is used for processing a power supply signal output by the power supply based on the pulse modulation signal and outputting the power supply signal;
the power supply control chip is connected with the short-circuit protection circuit and used for receiving the load protection signal or the system protection signal and adjusting the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal based on the load protection signal or the system protection signal, so that the driving circuit adjusts the amplitude of the power supply signal based on the duty ratio of the pulse modulation signal to output a first power supply signal or a second power supply signal with constant amplitude.
10. The power supply device according to claim 9,
the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is connected with the power supply control chip and the driving circuit and used for processing the power supply signal to obtain a voltage signal and feeding the voltage signal back to the power supply control chip, so that the power supply control chip outputs a low-level pulse modulation signal when the amplitude of the voltage signal is larger than a second preset amplitude, the driving circuit stops outputting the power supply signal, and the high-level pulse modulation signal is continuously output after the amplitude of the voltage signal is reduced to a third preset amplitude.
11. An electronic device comprising a short-circuit protection circuit, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit is the short-circuit protection circuit of any one of claims 1-7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210449791.0A CN114825261A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply device and electronic device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210449791.0A CN114825261A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply device and electronic device |
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| CN114825261A true CN114825261A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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| CN202210449791.0A Pending CN114825261A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply device and electronic device |
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