CN114825237B - Overhead line anti-icing and ice-melting control method and system based on rail transit system - Google Patents
Overhead line anti-icing and ice-melting control method and system based on rail transit system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114825237B CN114825237B CN202210535842.1A CN202210535842A CN114825237B CN 114825237 B CN114825237 B CN 114825237B CN 202210535842 A CN202210535842 A CN 202210535842A CN 114825237 B CN114825237 B CN 114825237B
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/16—Devices for removing snow or ice from lines or cables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
- B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
- B60M1/28—Manufacturing or repairing trolley lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
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- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an anti-icing and de-icing control method and system for a contact network based on a rail transit system. According to the invention, the current control, the rectification and the inversion start-stop control can be implemented through the converter aiming at different use scenes and different equipment working conditions, and the movement of energy flow is precisely controlled by matching with the on-off of the separation switch of the overhead contact system, so that the anti-icing and ice-melting mixed control functions of the rail transit overhead contact system are flexibly realized; the invention can realize the high-efficiency utilization and energy-saving operation of the bidirectional converter device of the rail transit system, and has no functional conflict with the daily operation of the train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to an anti-icing and ice-melting control method and system for a contact network based on a rail transit system.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the economy in China, the construction speed of the national electrified rail transit system is also leaping. According to China (2016-2030) for planning a medium-long-term railway network, the railway network scale reaches 15 ten thousand kilometers by 2020, wherein a high-speed railway is 3 ten thousand kilometers and covers more than 80% of large cities; by 2025, the scale of the railway network reaches about 17.5 kilometers, wherein the high-speed railway is about 3.8 kilometers. From the current planning and progress, electrified rail transit systems will cover a wide variety of conditionally complex terrains throughout the country.
However, in the global warming climate context, extreme weather increases year by year, and the problem of ice coating of railway track traffic overhead lines is also increasingly important.
The electrified rail transit system is used for influencing the normal power taking of a pantograph of a train after the traction contact net is iced, so that on one hand, the current receiving of the vehicle is seriously influenced, the vehicle cannot normally run, and serious rail transit accidents are easily caused; on the other hand, the ice coating of the contact net can cause the friction increase between the pantograph and the lead, damage the pantograph and lead equipment, and further cause serious accidents such as the galloping and displacement of the contact net, even the tilting of the rod, the collapse of the net and the like.
Aiming at the situation of ice coating of the overhead contact system of the electrified rail transit system, various electrified ice melting means exist in the domestic electrified railway, including the configuration of an additional ice melting power supply or a bidirectional variable-flow traction power supply device and the like. Particularly, with the rapid development of modern power electronic technology, a plurality of rail transit projects based on traction power supply of a bidirectional converter have appeared at home and abroad, and a large-capacity power electronic device represented by the bidirectional converter is becoming an important device of a rail transit system. Due to the simplicity of control and the economical efficiency of investment, the technology of realizing ice melting by means of the coordination of rectification and inversion of a bidirectional converter is becoming an ideal choice for electrified rail transit.
Related patents and documents are published on the deicing realization of the traction power supply rail transit of the bidirectional converter by some technical manufacturers, but the technical core is focused on the realization method of deicing current circulation under the access structure of the bidirectional converter, no further description is made on the energy management strategy and method of the upper layer of the bidirectional converter, and no research is made on the anti-icing and deicing method of the cooperative control of a plurality of converters of the rail transit system with a plurality of converters. In the construction of modern renewable energy stations, upper energy management means have been applied on a large scale to the control of converter devices for efficient regulation of energy flow and collaborative management of multiple converters of the station. In theory, the rail transit overhead line system ice melting based on the traction power supply of the bidirectional converter can also realize the control optimization through the energy management control. Under the support of a reasonable energy management strategy, the implementation mode of the ice melting of the track traffic overhead line system is more flexible and efficient.
The current part of rail transit system can only realize the control of the ice melting current circulation of the overhead line system from the aspects of equipment and technology, but does not realize the intelligent and efficient control under different scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide an anti-icing and ice-melting control method and system for a contact network based on a rail transit system, so as to realize intelligent coordination among multiple converter devices of the rail transit and jointly complete anti-icing and ice-melting operations.
In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the invention provides an anti-icing and ice-melting control method of a catenary based on a rail transit system, which comprises the following steps:
and an ice-preventing and ice-melting function exit judging step: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if not, entering a working state judging step of the converter;
judging the working state of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions; if not, entering a whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step;
the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step comprises the following steps: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section; if not, entering an icing condition judging step;
and (3) judging icing conditions: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if yes, entering a converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution step;
the combined arranging and deicing implementation steps of the converter include: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; issuing the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting;
ice melting execution condition judging step: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if partial equipment cannot work normally or cannot perform ice melting work at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
Further, in the step of combining and arranging the converter and executing the ice melting, the ice melting time length is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K v ·K h Kv is the local wind speed coefficient, K h Is the local humidity coefficient.
Further, in the whole-course anti-icing function enabling judging step and the ice melting executing condition judging step, the anti-icing function is executed according to the following modes:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides an overhead line anti-icing and ice-melting control system based on the rail transit system, which comprises the following steps:
the anti-icing and ice-melting function exit judging module: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the working state judging module of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions;
the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging module is as follows: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section;
and an icing condition judging module: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution module comprises: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; issuing the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting;
the ice melting execution condition judging module is used for: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if partial equipment cannot work normally or cannot perform ice melting work at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
Further, the converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution module calculates ice melting time according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K v ·K h ，K v K is the local wind speed coefficient h Is the local humidity coefficient.
Further, the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging module and the ice melting execution condition judging module execute the anti-icing function according to the following modes:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention can realize the coordinated control of a plurality of converter devices of a rail transit system and achieve the aims of accurate ice melting and ice prevention. The existing proposed method for preventing ice and controlling ice of rail transit is realized by adding an ice melting power supply loop, or focuses on how to realize ice melting current circulation between two converters, and is not related to how to coordinate a plurality of converters to realize ice melting and ice prevention.
(2) According to the invention, the anti-icing and de-icing functions of the overhead contact system are flexibly combined into a whole, so that the mutual coordination of anti-icing and de-icing can be realized under different use scenes, and the efficient anti-icing and de-icing can be realized. The full-line anti-icing function can be used under extreme weather conditions, and the anti-icing action can be executed after the ice melting action is executed in the early stage of operation, so that secondary icing is prevented; a plurality of different anti-icing and ice-melting combinations can also be flexibly matched through an editing algorithm module.
(3) The invention can realize the anti-icing and deicing actions of the converter under different health states. Under the condition that an individual converter fails and cannot be used, the invention can automatically judge the health state of the converter, and the function of filling the failed machine by using the adjacent converter is utilized to realize the degradation operation of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical block diagram of a rail transit system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ice-melting converter assembly under normal operating conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ice-melting converter assembly under degraded operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a converter rectification and inversion combination under an anti-icing function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an anti-icing and ice-melting control method of a catenary based on a rail transit system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an electrical structural diagram of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between ice melting time and the thickness of ice covered by the overhead contact line according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other, and the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 5, the method for controlling anti-icing and de-icing of a catenary based on a rail transit system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an anti-icing and de-icing function exit determination step, a converter operating state determination step, a whole-course anti-icing function enabling determination step, an icing condition determination step, a converter combined arrangement and de-icing execution step, and a de-icing execution condition determination step.
The rail transit system is an electrified rail transit system with a plurality of bidirectional converters, and can rectify and invert electric energy through the bidirectional converters to realize power supply and energy feedback. The rail transit system of the present invention can refer to the system topology in fig. 1. The main electrical components of the electrified rail transit system with the bidirectional converter comprise a high-voltage alternating current distribution network side, a distribution transformer, the bidirectional converter, a direct current contact network and a contact network separation switch.
In an electrified rail transit system provided with a bidirectional converter, the rated current and rated voltage of a single converter are small under the capacity specification of the current bidirectional converter. For a rail transit system with a longer line, because the current on-off capability of a single converter is smaller, a plurality of converters and even all converters along the line are required to coordinate for use so as to finish the anti-icing and deicing actions. The prior patent and literature propose a method for forming an ice melting electric quasi-loop by utilizing a rail to pull a bidirectional converter, but the method only aims at realizing current between two converters and does not relate to how to realize anti-icing and ice melting by cooperatively controlling a plurality of converters. The invention can intelligently coordinate a plurality of current transformers along a line to form a plurality of rectification-inversion according to the icing contact network line section, so as to realize accurate anti-icing and ice melting of the contact network long-distance section and realize the anti-icing and ice melting of the contact network under the condition of degradation operation of individual current transformer faults.
Aiming at the process of melting ice of a track traffic through a contact net under the coordinated control of a plurality of converters, the invention divides the converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section into two-wheel combinations, and each-wheel combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, and the detail is shown in fig. 2 and 3. The current transformer which bears the rectifying action in each round of combination and the adjacent current transformer which bears the inverting action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net separating switch and do not interfere with each other, so that the accurate ice melting of the contact net interval is realized. Each of the two-wheel ice melting lasts for a certain period of time T D After the first wheel ends, the second wheel is started. Duration T of each round D And the temperature and humidity analysis module is used for calculating.
Aiming at the anti-icing process of the overhead line system under the coordinated control of multiple converters, the invention adopts the combination sequence of rectification-inversion-rectification-inversion among adjacent converters to realize anti-icing, and the detail is shown in figure 4. The difference from the ice melting process is that the separation switch of the overhead line system is not required to be disconnected in the ice melting process, the separation switch is not required to be executed in a wheel-dividing manner, and all converters along the target interval are put into use. The converters work in an alternating working mode of rectification, inversion, arrangement and inversion along the whole track traffic course, so that the flow of direct current power flow along the overhead contact line can be realized, the surface temperature of the overhead contact line can be kept by using smaller current, and the anti-icing purpose is achieved.
And an ice-preventing and ice-melting function exit judging step: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if not, entering a working state judging step of the converter. The invention has the option of manually exiting the anti-icing and ice-melting functions. Before the anti-icing and de-icing program is executed, whether the user manually exits the anti-icing and de-icing function or not needs to be judged and controlled. Under the conditions of maintenance, test and the like, the converter is required to be started for non-ice melting operation, and the anti-ice and ice melting functions can be manually withdrawn. After the function exits, the anti-icing and ice-melting functions are not executed.
Judging the working state of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions; if not, entering a whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step. Under the condition that the anti-icing and deicing functions are not exited, the invention detects whether the converter is in a use state or not and is used as a safety mechanism for ensuring the safety of the system. If the converter is in a use state except anti-icing and deicing, the program does not execute the anti-icing and deicing operation in order to ensure safety and not to interfere with normal operation of rail transit.
The whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step comprises the following steps: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section; if not, entering an ice-making period judging step. The whole-course anti-icing function is mainly used for coping with extremely cold and humid weather and heating and anti-icing treatment on overhead lines of the track. Under extreme cold and humid conditions, in the non-operation electrified stage, the probability of ice coating of the overhead contact system is extremely high and the thickness of the ice coating is also large, so that the time consumption of the ice melting process is long and the efficiency is poor. The personnel on duty of the station can manually start the whole-course anti-icing function according to the relevant early warning of the weather desk, enter the anti-icing process, and utilize uninterrupted current to heat the contact net conductor so as to keep the contact net free from icing.
And (3) judging icing conditions: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if yes, the combined arranging and ice melting executing steps of the converter are carried out. The invention needs to judge whether the current time is in icing month before executing ice melting operation. The icing month can be set according to the situation of the use place, and the specific time is determined according to the actual climate conditions. If the time is outside the icing month, the anti-icing and ice-melting functions are not executed.
The invention judges whether the current moment is in the preset ice melting execution time period, and the current moment needs to be precisely judged in time and in time. The ice melting execution time can be flexibly defined by a user, and a time period outside any operation time is selected as the ice melting target time. In practice, the 2-3 hours before rail transit operation can be generally selected as ice melting time, so that electric energy consumption is saved.
The method and the system judge the icing probability of each contact network section of the rail transit system, and judge the specific section of the rail transit system where ice melting is required to be executed according to the icing probability. According to the invention, the icing probability of each contact net section is analyzed through the icing detection equipment or the sensor equipment data, and whether the ice melting operation is executed is determined. If the icing condition exists, judging a specific section for executing ice melting. When the current overhead line system needs to execute ice melting, executing ice melting instruction issuing, and entering a combined arranging and ice melting executing step of the converter; if the environment is determined not to require ice melting, then no execution is performed.
The combined arranging and deicing implementation steps of the converter include: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; and sending the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting. Before ice melting is performed, the situation that ice melting cannot be performed in a certain contact network section due to the fault or maintenance state of the target converter can be met. The method comprises the steps of checking working conditions of all converters, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, and arranging all available converters.
Ice melting execution condition judging step: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if part of equipment cannot work normally (i.e. the degradation running process) or cannot perform ice melting at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
In one embodiment, in the step of executing the ice melting of the converter, the ice melting time length is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K v ·K h ，K v K is the local wind speed coefficient h Is the local humidity coefficient.
In a track traffic project with more complex terrain, the invention provides a set of ice melting time length calculation method based on combination of real-time data of a simple temperature and humidity sensor and historical meteorological features aiming at the problems of high construction difficulty and high construction cost. The basic mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula, i is direct current flowing through the contact net, R is equivalent impedance of the line, and Q is heat energy generated by the current on the line; l is the length of the line, D is the equivalent diameter of the wire, h is the ice thickness of the contact net wire, ρ Ice For the density of ice, C DissolvingHeat of the body Heat of solution for ice to water. In theoretical calculation, the influence degree of wind speed and humidity on ice melting is related to conditions such as ice coating eccentricity, ice coating flatness, ice coating thickness on the leeward side, ice coating thickness on the windward side, heat exchange coefficient of the outer surface of the ice layer and air at a certain temperature, and the like, and the model is complex. In practical ice melting application, other influence factors which are difficult to quantify are converted into experience coefficients only by combining with the historical climate characteristics in a specific environment, and the ideal calculation effect can be achieved. The invention converts the influence of wind speed and humidity into a wind speed coefficient K v And the humidity coefficient K h The K values of the different regions are determined by local climate history data:
K＝K v ·K h (the value of K is generally 1-50)
Therefore, the single-round ice melting time length calculation can be converted from the mathematical model:
in the time length calculation method, besides the conductor parameter characteristics of the overhead line system, the influence factor K is a key factor for influencing the ice melting time length. Under different meteorological conditions, K is different, and long-term icing data of a certain area can be generally obtained through training of a big data analysis model.
As one embodiment, in the whole-course anti-icing function activation determination step and the ice-melting execution condition determination step, the anti-icing function is executed according to the following manner:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
The invention starts from the current situation that the current electrified rail transit lacks an anti-icing and ice-melting energy management method, and provides a method suitable for a rail transit system, so that intelligent coordination among multiple converter devices of the rail transit is realized, and anti-icing and ice-melting operations are completed together.
The invention can implement current control, rectification and inversion start-stop control through the converter aiming at different use scenes and different equipment working conditions, and is matched with the on-off of the overhead line isolating switch to accurately control the movement of energy flow, thereby flexibly realizing the anti-icing and ice-melting mixed control functions of the rail transit overhead line system.
According to the invention, the energy management method of the electric power system to the large-scale power electronic device is used for regulating and controlling the ice melting function by utilizing the energy management means, so that the efficient utilization and energy-saving operation of the bidirectional converter device of the rail transit system can be realized, and the functional conflict with the daily operation of the train is avoided.
The overhead line anti-icing and deicing control system based on the rail transit system of the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the anti-icing and ice-melting function exit judging module: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the working state judging module of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions;
the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging module is as follows: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section;
and an icing condition judging module: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution module comprises: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; issuing the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting;
the ice melting execution condition judging module is used for: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if partial equipment cannot work normally or cannot perform ice melting work at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
As one embodiment, the converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution module calculates the ice melting time according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K v ·K h ，K v K is the local wind speed coefficient h Is the local humidity coefficient.
As an embodiment, the whole-course anti-icing function enabling judgment module and the ice melting execution condition judgment module execute the anti-icing function according to the following modes:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
Example 1:
【1】 Assuming that the rail traffic project is located in a certain frozen mountain area, 5 traction bidirectional converters supply power, and a separation switch is arranged on a direct current contact net between every two adjacent bidirectional converters, and the structure is shown in fig. 6. The 5 converters of the item can be used normally, and a set of energy management system for controlling the deicing and anti-icing actions of the converters is configured.
【2】 Because the overhead line system is in icing season, the overhead line system is more likely to be frozen at night in the rail transit project. The calculated relationship between the icing thickness and the ice melting time is shown in fig. 7 by combining the local climate characteristics and the conductor characteristics of the overhead line system of the track traffic project. And after the ice melting time is calculated, the current transformer forms a circulation current under the conditions of temperature and humidity by using the current I=500A, and the ice melting time is about 1 hour.
【3】 The rail transit project is scheduled to conduct ice melting operation in a non-operation stage (4:00 am-6:00 am) in the early morning at night, and an anti-icing mode is started to prevent secondary icing during the period of time between the end of the ice melting operation and the time before formal operation (6:00 am-6:30 am). Therefore, the ice melting and anti-icing functions are in an automatic starting state, and no equipment overhaul and test plan exists at night.
【4】 And after the planned ice melting time point (4:00 am) is reached, executing the ice melting operation of the converter. And the energy management system is combined with the icing monitoring data to analyze that icing conditions exist and determine that an icing area covers the whole line of the overhead line system.
【5】 The energy management system checks the working conditions of the all-line converters, and all the 5 converters can be put into ice melting execution after checking. The energy management system begins to sequence the rectification and inversion of the converter.
【6】 According to the methods of fig. 2 and 3, a rectifying-inverting loop is formed between every two converters for the icing contact network section. The strategy of alternate operation of two rounds of circulation is adopted, and one current transformer in each round of circulation forms a direct current loop with the adjacent current transformer by the current I=500A. As shown in fig. 6 (the converter is denoted by C, the overhead line isolating switch is denoted by K), a first round of circulating current is formed between C1 and C2, and between C3 and C4, wherein C1 and C3 are in a rectifying state, C2 and C4 are in an inverting state, and K2 and K4 are in an open state, and K1 and K3 are in a closed state; the second round circulation is formed by C2 and C3, C4 and C5, wherein C2, C4 are in a rectifying state, C3, C5 are in an inverting state, K1 and K3 are in an open state, and K2 and K4 are in a closed state.
【7】 According to the arrangement of the step (6), firstly, adjusting the separation circuit breakers K2 and K4 to be in an open state and K1 and K3 to be in a closed state, and then issuing instructions to the current transformer of the first round; after the first round is finished, the separating circuit breakers K1 and K3 are adjusted to be in an open state, the separating circuit breakers K2 and K4 are adjusted to be in a closed state, and then the converter instruction of the second round is issued. The ice melting of each round is realized through setting up the electric current of contravariant converter, and the rectification converter is in the following state. The duration of ice melting for each round was planned to be 1 hour, during which ice melting was performed at a current value i=500a.
【8】 After the two-round ice melting is finished, the anti-icing mode is continuously started because the operation time is not reached, so that the overhead line system is prevented from being frozen for the second time. In the anti-icing mode, all the circuit breakers K1-K4 in fig. 6 are all in a closed state, and commands are issued to the converters C1-C5 in the order of "rectifying-inverting-rectifying", and the inverting current is set to 300A (assuming that 300A current is effective for anti-icing under the meteorological conditions), so that the overhead line is kept full-line energized, and the icing is prevented.
【9】 And in the process of starting the anti-icing, the icing monitoring device is used for confirming whether the icing phenomenon still exists in the line again. If the icing phenomenon still exists, operators on duty are required to be informed of manual deicing or the anti-icing current is increased. If no icing occurs, the process ends at 6:30am.
Example 2:
【1】 Assuming that the rail traffic project is located in a certain frozen mountain area, 5 traction bidirectional converters supply power, and a separation breaker is arranged between the adjacent bidirectional converters, and the structure is shown in fig. 6. Of the 5 converters in this item, converter C2 was in a maintenance state at night.
【2】 Because the overhead line system is in icing season, the overhead line system is more likely to be frozen at night in the rail transit project. The calculated relationship between the icing thickness and the ice melting time is shown in fig. 7 by combining the local climate characteristics and the conductor characteristics of the overhead line system of the track traffic project. And after the ice melting time is calculated, the current transformer forms a circulation current under the conditions of temperature and humidity by using the current I=500A, and the ice melting time is about 1 hour.
【3】 The rail transit project is scheduled to conduct ice melting operation in a non-operation stage (4:00 am-6:00 am) in the early morning at night, and an anti-icing mode is started to prevent secondary icing during the period of time between the end of the ice melting operation and the time before formal operation (6:00 am-6:30 am). As the converter C2 is overhauled at night, the ice melting and anti-icing functions are in a degraded running state.
【4】 And after the planned ice melting time point (4:00 am) is reached, executing the ice melting operation of the converter. And the energy management system is combined with the icing monitoring data to analyze that icing conditions exist and determine that an icing area covers the whole line of the overhead line system.
【5】 The energy management system checks the working condition of the full-line converter, and 4 converters (C1, C3, C4 and C5) in the 5 converters can be put into ice melting execution after checking. The energy management system begins to sequence the rectification and inversion of the converter.
【6】 According to the method of fig. 3, a rectifying-inverting loop is formed between every two converters for the icing contact network section. Because the rated current value of the rail transit project current transformer is smaller, a strategy of two-wheel circulation alternating operation is adopted to ensure the rapidity of ice melting, and one current transformer in each wheel circulation forms a direct current loop with one adjacent current transformer by the maximum output current. As shown in fig. 6 (the converter is denoted by C, the catenary separation breaker is denoted by K), a first round of circulation is formed between C1 and C3, C4 and C5, wherein C1, C4 are in a rectified state, C3, C5 are in an inverted state, and K3 is in an open state, and K1, K2, K4 are in a closed state; the second round of circulation is formed between C3 and C4, wherein C3 is in a rectifying state, C4 is in an inverting state, and K1, K2, K4 are in an open state, and K3 is in a closed state.
【7】 According to the arrangement of the step (6), firstly, adjusting the separation breaker K3 to be in an open state, and K1, K2 and K4 to be in a closed state, and then issuing instructions to the current transformer of the first round; after the first round is finished, the separating circuit breakers K1, K2 and K4 are adjusted to be in an open state, K3 is adjusted to be in a closed state, and then the converter instruction of the second round is issued. The ice melting of each round is realized through setting up the electric current of contravariant converter, and the rectification converter is in the following state. The duration of ice melting for each round was planned to be 1 hour, during which ice melting was performed at a current value i=500a.
【8】 After two rounds of ice melting are finished, the overhaul of the converter C2 is finished, and meanwhile, the anti-icing mode is continuously started because the operation time is not yet reached, so that the overhead line system is prevented from being frozen for the second time. In the anti-icing mode, all of the circuit breakers K1-K4 in fig. 6 are in a closed state, and commands are issued to the converters C1-C5 in the order of "rectifying-inverting-rectifying", and the inverting currents are set to 300A (assuming that 300A current is effective for anti-icing under the meteorological conditions), so that the overhead line is kept full-line energized, and the icing is prevented.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The overhead line system anti-icing and ice-melting control method based on the rail transit system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and an ice-preventing and ice-melting function exit judging step: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if not, entering a working state judging step of the converter;
judging the working state of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions; if not, entering a whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step;
the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step comprises the following steps: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section; if not, entering an icing condition judging step;
and (3) judging icing conditions: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions; if yes, entering a converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution step;
the combined arranging and deicing implementation steps of the converter include: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; issuing the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting;
ice melting execution condition judging step: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if partial equipment cannot work normally or cannot perform ice melting work at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
2. The method for controlling anti-icing and ice-melting of overhead contact systems based on a rail transit system according to claim 1, wherein in the step of combining and arranging the converter and executing ice melting, the ice-melting time length is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K v ·K h ，K v K is the local wind speed coefficient h Is the local humidity coefficient.
3. The overhead line anti-icing and ice-melting control method based on the rail transit system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging step and the ice-melting execution condition judging step, the anti-icing function is executed according to the following modes:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
4. An overhead line system anti-icing and ice-melting control system based on a rail transit system is characterized by comprising:
the anti-icing and ice-melting function exit judging module: judging whether to exit the anti-icing and ice-melting functions according to the selection of the user, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the working state judging module of the converter: detecting whether the current converter is in a use state except anti-icing and ice melting, if so, not executing the anti-icing and ice melting functions;
the whole-course anti-icing function starting judging module is as follows: judging whether a whole-course anti-icing function is started according to the weather table related early warning, if so, executing the whole-course anti-icing function of the whole-line section;
and an icing condition judging module: judging whether the current time and the icing element meet the icing condition or not, if not, not executing the anti-icing and ice-melting functions;
the converter combination arrangement and ice melting execution module comprises: checking working conditions of all converters along the whole line of the contact net ice section, removing the converters which cannot work from the combination, dividing all available converters into rectification-inversion combinations, wherein each round of combination consists of converters for inversion and rectification, the converter which bears the rectification action in each round of combination and the adjacent converter which bears the inversion action form a circulation unit, and the adjacent two circulation units are isolated by a contact net isolating switch; issuing the arranged converter instruction to a corresponding converter for execution, calculating the ice melting time length, and forming a plurality of direct current small circulation currents through rectification-inversion combination to carry out electrothermal ice melting;
the ice melting execution condition judging module is used for: judging whether the ice melting process is completely and normally executed, if the whole ice melting process is carried out according to a plan, executing an anti-icing function after the ice melting process is finished and before the operation of a rail transit system is started, and preventing secondary ice formation; if partial equipment cannot work normally or cannot perform ice melting work at all in the ice melting process, an error notification is sent, and station personnel are notified to check the line, equipment and ice covering condition of the rail transit system.
5. The overhead line anti-icing and ice-melting control system based on the rail transit system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the converter combination arrangement and ice-melting execution module calculates the ice-melting time according to the following formula:
wherein L is the length of a line, D is the equivalent diameter of a wire, h is the thickness of ice covered by a wire of a contact net, ρ is the density of ice, C is the heat of dissolution of ice into water, i is the direct current flowing through the contact net, R is the equivalent impedance of the line, and K=K V ·K h ，K v K is the local wind speed coefficient h Is the local humidity coefficient.
6. The overhead line anti-icing and de-icing control system based on a rail transit system according to claim 4, wherein the whole-course anti-icing function enabling judgment module and the de-icing execution condition judgment module execute the anti-icing function according to the following modes:
all converters along the whole course of the rail transit system are controlled to work according to a mode of rectifying and inverting to sequentially and alternately work, so that the flow of direct current flow along the overhead contact line is realized, uninterrupted current is utilized to heat the overhead contact line conductor, and the overhead contact line is kept from icing.
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