CN114824307B - Batch hydrophobic treatment method for gas diffusion layers of fuel cells and production line thereof - Google Patents
Batch hydrophobic treatment method for gas diffusion layers of fuel cells and production line thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The application discloses a fuel cell gas diffusion layer batched hydrophobic treatment method and a production line thereof, wherein the hydrophobic treatment method is carried out by adopting the modes of vacuumizing, filling atomized hydrophobic agent solution, vacuumizing again, drying at low temperature, roasting at high temperature, cooling and filling air, the mode not only realizes continuous hydrophobic property of the batched gas diffusion layer, improves the working efficiency, but also has higher hydrophobic uniformity, and can reduce the potential safety hazard problem in the hydrophobic calcination process so as to save the cost; the annular conveying track is utilized in the production line, the metal sealing box can be reused under the condition that the metal sealing box is not required to be conveyed and transferred, so that the hydrophobic treatment of a large number of diffusion layers is realized, and the hydrophobic treatment process is realized by combining the mechanisms of the vacuumizing mechanism I, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the vacuumizing mechanism II, the low-temperature heating oven, the high-temperature roasting furnace, the cooling chamber and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a batch hydrophobic treatment method for a gas diffusion layer of a fuel cell and a production line thereof.
Background
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are the most developed and closest fuel cells to commercial applications. The basic components thereof include: bipolar plate, gas diffusion layer, catalytic layer and proton exchange membrane; the gas diffusion layer, the catalytic layer and the proton exchange membrane form a membrane electrode structure. The gas diffusion layer is positioned between the catalytic layer and the bipolar plate, is one of key materials in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, is the outermost layer of the membrane electrode, provides contact for the electrode and the bipolar plate, conveys reactants to the catalytic layer, allows water generated by the reaction to leave the surface of the electrode, allows the water to pass between the electrode and a runner, and has the functions of current conduction, mechanical support of the proton exchange membrane, porous media attached to the catalyst, channels for conveying the reactants and product removal.
In order to increase the hydrophobicity of these gas diffusion layer substrates, it is conventional and common practice to dip the conductive porous substrate into a water repellent solution such as polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion for hydrophobic treatment. Further, a slurry of polytetrafluoroethylene and conductive carbon black is applied to the hydrophobic treated conductive porous substrate, and the resultant is dried and sintered to form a hydrophobic microporous layer. However, the concentration of polytetrafluoroethylene is too high, polytetrafluoroethylene is generally selected to be diluted, carbon paper or carbon cloth is immersed in the solution, the water content of each region in the carbon paper cannot be guaranteed when the carbon paper is directly immersed in the solution, and then a large amount of solution is subject to dripping in the transferring process, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene content of each region of the carbon paper is further uneven, the hydrophobicity of a carbon substrate is uneven, and the performance of the integral diffusion layer is directly affected.
In addition, since the carbon paper is a paper-type substrate with a thickness of Zhang Jiao, if a direct impregnation mode is adopted, external force is needed to press the carbon paper to immerse the carbon paper in a water repellent solution, in order to avoid damage of the carbon paper in the impregnation process, manual work is generally selected to be completed, namely, certain manpower is needed to carry out water repellent soaking of each piece of carbon paper and transfer work after the water repellent is completed, a large amount of working time is consumed in the process, and continuity of the water repellent work and water repellent treatment of batch carbon paper in a short time cannot be realized. In order to solve the problem, patent number (CN 202011475652.2) discloses a continuous hydrophobic treatment device and a continuous hydrophobic treatment process for a fuel cell gas diffusion layer, which are characterized in that a piece of carbon paper is placed on a conveyor belt, and a mode of spraying a water repellent solution is adopted to reduce labor cost and realize continuous water repellent treatment.
In addition, in the process of completing hydrophobic sintering of the carbon paper, the temperature is higher than 350 ℃, and inert gas is required to be continuously introduced into a sintering furnace, otherwise, the carbon substrate burns when encountering air at high temperature, so that the potential safety hazard is large, but the sintering process is longer, generally 60-90min is required, and the cost is increased obviously by continuously introducing the inert gas in the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a fuel cell gas diffusion layer batched hydrophobic line and a hydrophobic method thereof, which have the advantages of realizing continuous hydrophobic treatment of batched carbon paper, improving working efficiency, having higher hydrophobic uniformity, and reducing potential safety hazard problems in the hydrophobic calcination process so as to save cost.
The technical aim of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present application provides a method for hydrophobic gas diffusion layers, comprising the steps of:
step one: placing the batch of carbon substrates in a sealed vacuum environment in a pairwise spaced manner, and exposing both coated surfaces of the carbon substrates to the vacuum environment;
step two: filling the atomized water repellent solution in the vacuum environment to realize the water repellent treatment of the two coating surfaces of the carbon substrate;
step three: placing the carbon substrate subjected to the second step in a closed vacuum environment again;
step four: and step three, simultaneously, sequentially performing low-temperature heating treatment, high-temperature roasting treatment and cooling treatment on the carbon substrate.
On the other hand, the application provides a production line for realizing the hydrophobic treatment of a gas diffusion layer by adopting the hydrophobic method, which comprises a conveying platform, wherein the conveying platform comprises an annular conveying track for realizing rotary conveying, the annular conveying track is controlled by a servo motor to realize stepping conveying, the conveying platform comprises a feeding area, a working area and a discharging area, a plurality of metal seal boxes for storing carbon substrates are uniformly arranged on the annular conveying track in the feeding area in an array manner, the metal seal boxes are respectively provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which are communicated with an external air source, and valve assemblies for realizing opening and closing are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe;
the working area is sequentially provided with a first vacuumizing mechanism, a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, a second vacuumizing mechanism, a low-temperature heating oven, a high-temperature roasting furnace and a cooling chamber which are used for acting on the metal sealing box along the conveying direction of the conveying platform, and the discharging area is internally provided with an inflating mechanism which is used for acting on the metal sealing box;
and positioning mechanisms which act on the metal sealing boxes are arranged on the positions of the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the second vacuumizing mechanism and the inflating mechanism on the conveying platform, so that the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the metal sealing boxes are accurately and hermetically connected with the air pipes in the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the second vacuumizing mechanism and the inflating mechanism.
The application is further provided with: the positioning mechanism comprises a pneumatic telescopic table, a plurality of positioning claws are arranged on the pneumatic telescopic table in an array manner, and the positioning claws gradually collide with the side wall of the metal sealing box in the telescopic process of the pneumatic telescopic table so as to position the metal sealing box among the positioning claws;
the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism comprises an atomizing nozzle.
The application is further provided with: the metal sealing box is internally provided with a separated storage rack, a plurality of slot openings for inserting and limiting the single-chip carbon substrate are arranged on the storage rack in an array manner, and the interval between every two slot openings is 0.2-0.5cm.
In still another aspect, the present application provides a method for performing a gas diffusion layer hydrophobic treatment on the production line, including the following steps:
step one: inserting and embedding the carbon substrate into a metal sealing box in an erected manner, closing the sealing metal sealing box, and starting conveying the metal sealing box on a conveying platform;
step two: the metal seal box is conveyed to a first position of the vacuumizing mechanism, the positioning mechanism firstly positions the metal seal box, and then the vacuumizing mechanism firstly vacuumizes the interior of the metal seal box;
step three: the metal seal box is conveyed to a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the positioning mechanism firstly positions the metal seal box, and then an atomizing nozzle in the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism sprays and fills the atomized hydrophobic solution into the metal seal box;
step four: the metal seal box is conveyed to a second vacuumizing mechanism, the positioning mechanism firstly positions the metal seal box, and then the second vacuumizing mechanism vacuumizes the interior of the metal seal box;
step five: the metal seal box is sequentially conveyed into a low-temperature heating oven, a high-temperature roasting furnace and a cooling chamber to be respectively subjected to the working procedures of low-temperature heating, high-temperature roasting and cooling;
step six: and step five, conveying the metal sealing box to a discharging area, wherein the positioning mechanism firstly realizes positioning of the metal sealing box, then the air filling mechanism injects air into the metal sealing box, and then the metal sealing box is opened, and the separated storage rack with a plurality of carbon substrates is taken out, so that hydrophobic treatment of the carbon substrates is completed.
The application is further provided with: and fifthly, cooling the outer surface of the metal seal box in the cold compartment by filling atomized cooling liquid.
The application is further provided with: in the fifth step, the temperature in the low-temperature heating oven is 100-150 ℃ and the treatment time is 3-5min; the roasting temperature in the high-temperature roasting furnace is 400-500 ℃ and the roasting time is 10-20min; the cooling time in the cooling chamber is 5-15min.
The application is further provided with: after the atomized water repellent solution is filled in the metal sealing box, the humidity in the metal sealing box is 90-100%, the spraying flow of the atomizing nozzle in the fourth step is 100-200ml/min, and the time for carrying out the water repellent treatment on the carbon substrate in the metal sealing box is 10-15min.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. aiming at the problem of hydrophobic uniformity of a carbon substrate of a gas diffusion layer, the application is realized in an atomization mode, so that the integral hydrophobic effect of the carbon paper is achieved, meanwhile, the method is different from the two modes of directly soaking a hydrophobic agent solution in the conventional carbon paper and doping the hydrophobic agent solution in slurry for preparing a microporous layer, the atomization process is a process that a gas-phase solution is automatically attached to the carbon substrate, particles in the gas-phase solution are more uniformly distributed and have higher fluidity and enter the carbon paper more easily, so that the hydrophobic agent doped in the carbon paper is more uniform, and in an atomization mode, the content of the hydrophobic agent in a metal sealing box can be more accurately controlled by controlling the flow rate of an atomization nozzle, the humidity in an atomization area and the atomization time in the hydrophobic process, and at least the saturated hydrophobic agent solution exists in each area on the surface of the carbon substrate is ensured, so that the prepared gas diffusion layer has good water-gas balance performance;
after the hydrophobic effect is realized by adopting an atomization mode, the carbon paper can be placed in a metal sealing box in an erect mode, a certain interval exists between every two carbon papers, the atomization mode is softer, the automatic attachment of the weather water repellent solution can be realized without the assistance of more external force, the hydrophobic treatment is completed, the hydrophobic treatment of the batched carbon paper is effectively and rapidly realized in the continuous conveying process, the phenomena of carbon paper transfer, overturning and the like are avoided in the conveying process, and the damage of the carbon paper and the waste of the water repellent solution can be effectively avoided;
furthermore, as the carbon paper is subjected to high-temperature roasting treatment in a vacuum environment and is in a metal sealing box, namely, the heat treatment is realized in a heat conduction mode, the high-temperature roasting can be realized without continuously filling protective gas, the carbon paper can not be in contact with air to generate combustion, the safety is high, and the use cost of inert gas is saved; in the cooling treatment process, cooling of the metal sealing box by the cooling liquid is further realized by a heat conduction principle, so that the phenomenon that the carbon substrate in an established state is broken and damaged in a common blast cooling chamber is avoided;
2. in the method disclosed by the application, before the atomized water repellent solution is filled into the metal sealing box, the metal sealing box is vacuumized, and then the atomized water repellent solution is carried out, so that the content of the water repellent in the metal sealing box is ensured, the proportioning concentration of the water repellent is effectively ensured, the attaching effect of the water repellent is ensured, and secondly, before the atomized water repellent solution is filled into the metal sealing box, the filling and flowing of the water repellent are facilitated under the action of pressure difference due to the vacuum state in the sealing box, and the filling and atomizing time is saved; for the carbon substrate, the pressure of each area of the carbon substrate is consistent in the negative pressure state, the concentration of the water repellent in each area is more uniform after the atomized water repellent solution is filled, and the attaching effect of the water repellent is more obvious than that of the water repellent solution filled under normal pressure;
3. aiming at the hydrophobic treatment method, the production line disclosed by the application can realize the recycling of the metal seal box by utilizing the rotary annular conveying track without carrying and transferring the metal seal box, so that the hydrophobic treatment of a large number of diffusion layers is realized; meanwhile, a servo motor is also provided for controlling the stepping type transmission of the transmission platform, so that the stepping time and the stepping distance of the transmission platform can be controlled, and the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism and the second vacuumizing mechanism are arranged at intervals on the transmission platform, so that the greenhouse length design of the low-temperature heating oven, the high-temperature roasting oven and the cooling chamber can be met, and the positions of the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the second vacuumizing mechanism, the low-temperature heating oven, the high-temperature roasting oven, the cooling chamber and the air charging mechanism have enough and proper time arrangement to finish corresponding procedures;
4. because the metal seal box is difficult to avoid the phenomenon of position deviation after long-time use, aiming at the problem, the application also designs a positioning mechanism for the station of the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the second vacuumizing mechanism and the inflating mechanism in the production line, and the positioning mechanism can quickly realize the quick position adjustment and positioning of the metal seal box transmitted to the corresponding position by adopting simple pneumatic control, so that the first vacuumizing mechanism, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the second vacuumizing mechanism and the inflating mechanism can be accurately and quickly connected and communicated with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe on the metal seal box;
5. the production line is also provided with an inflation mechanism at the unloading area, so that after the metal seal box after finishing the hydrophobic treatment is conveyed to the unloading area, the metal seal box is filled with gas through the inflation mechanism, the internal air pressure is increased, and the metal seal box is convenient for workers to open quickly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of the present production line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working and discharge areas taken in the present line;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a metal seal box;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a split shelf in a metal containment box;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4A;
FIG. 6 (a) is a view showing the effect of the surface of the gas diffusion layer in the embodiment;
FIG. 6 (b) is a view showing the surface effect of the gas diffusion layer in comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 (c) is a view showing the surface effect of the gas diffusion layer of comparative example 2;
in the figure: 1. a transfer platform; 1-1, an endless transfer track; 2. a feeding area; 3. a working area; 3-1, a first vacuumizing mechanism; 3-2, a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism; 3-3, a vacuumizing mechanism II; 3-4, heating the oven at a low temperature; 3-5, a high-temperature roasting furnace; 3-6, cooling chamber; 4. a discharge zone; 4-1, an inflation mechanism; 5. a metal seal box; 5-1, a cover body; 5-2, an air inlet pipe; 5-3, an air outlet pipe; 5-4, a valve assembly; 5-5, separating shelf; 5-5-1, vent holes; 5-6, inserting slot openings; 6. a positioning mechanism; 6-1, a pneumatic telescopic table; 6-2, positioning clamping jaws; 7. and (3) carbon paper.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples: the application discloses a production line capable of realizing hydrophobic treatment of a gas diffusion layer, which comprises a conveying platform 1, wherein the conveying platform 1 comprises an annular conveying track 1-1 capable of realizing rotary conveying, as shown in fig. 1, and the annular conveying track 1-1 is controlled by a servo motor to realize stepping conveying; according to the process provided by the application, the conveying platform 1 can be divided into three areas, namely a feeding area 2, a working area 3 and a discharging area 4.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of metal seal boxes 5 are arranged on an annular conveying track 1-1 in a feeding area 2, the metal seal boxes 5 are all arranged on the annular conveying track 1-1 at intervals according to a specified standard, and in order to facilitate the position definition of the metal seal boxes 5, a placement orientation frame line diagram of the metal seal boxes 5 can be posted or painted on the annular conveying track 1-1, so that a worker can conveniently and accurately find the determined position of each metal seal box 5 in the feeding area 2; the metal seal box 5 is a box body made of metal material, in the application, high temperature resistant metal with better heat conducting performance, such as carbon steel, etc. is needed; as shown in fig. 4, a cover body 5-1 is arranged on the metal seal box 5 to realize the opening and closing of the metal seal box 5, so that a worker can directly put carbon paper 7 into the metal seal box 5 through the cover body 5-1; the openings of the cover body 5-1 and the metal seal box 5 are required to be adequately sealed by a person skilled in the art, for example, a mode of taking high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating cotton as a sealing piece is adopted, and the cover body 5-1 and the metal seal box 5 can be locked by a part such as a buckle, a lock catch and the like which are commonly used in the art; as shown in fig. 3, further, the metal seal box 5 is provided with an air inlet pipe 5-2 and an air outlet pipe 5-3 which are communicated with an internal air source and an external air source, the air inlet pipe 5-2 and the air outlet pipe 5-3 are provided with valve components 5-4 for realizing opening and closing, the valve components can adopt the combination of a check valve and a switch valve which are common in the field, and the check valve and the switch valve are made of high-temperature resistant materials; further, the metal seal box 5 is internally provided with the separated storage shelf 5-5, namely, the separated storage shelf 5-5 is a shelf body which can be taken out from the metal seal box 5, so that workers can directly take out the separated storage shelf 5-5 from the metal seal box 5, put batches of carbon paper 7 into the separated storage shelf, finally uniformly put the separated storage shelf into the metal seal box 5, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of slot openings 5-6 for inserting and limiting the single carbon paper 7 are arranged on the storage shelf in an array manner, the interval between every two slot openings 5-6 is 0.5 cm-1 cm, in this embodiment, 0.5cm is used for ensuring that the interval between every two carbon papers 7 is inserted and placed, and meanwhile, ventilation holes 5-5-1 for allowing air to pass through are distributed on the storage shelf, so that mist can be fully attached to the carbon paper 7 through the ventilation holes 5-5-1 to realize hydrophobicity, as shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, along the conveying direction of the conveying platform 1, a first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, a second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3, a low-temperature heating oven 3-4, a high-temperature roasting furnace 3-5 and a cooling chamber 3-6 which act on a metal sealing box 5 are sequentially arranged on a working area 3; the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1 and the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 comprise vacuum pump components, air pipes which are connected with the air outlet pipe 5-3 of the metal seal box 5 and the like, when in vacuumizing operation, after the air pipes of the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1 and the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 are communicated with the air outlet pipe 5-3 of the metal seal box 5, the vacuum pumping of the metal seal box 5 is realized through the pumping operation of the vacuum pump components, and meanwhile, the pressure gauge in the vacuum pump components monitors the air pressure change in the pipeline in real time. The hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2 comprises a feeding box for storing the hydrophobic solution, a pumping pump, an atomizing nozzle and the like, the hydrophobic solution stored in the hydrophobic solution is pumped to the atomizing nozzle by the pumping pump to realize atomization, and then is sprayed into the metal seal box 5 through an air inlet of the metal seal box 5; the cooling chamber 3-6 is also internally provided with a plurality of atomizing spray heads which are communicated with external cooling liquid through pipelines, namely, the cooling temperature of the cooling chamber 3-6 is controlled in a mode of spraying atomized cooling liquid, cooling is realized in the metal seal box 5, and the inside of the metal seal box 5 is further cooled by a heat conduction principle, namely, the carbon paper 7 is cooled.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an air charging mechanism 4-1 acting on a metal seal box 5 is arranged in a discharging area 4 of the production line, the air charging mechanism 4-1 mainly comprises an air source, an air pump component and the like, and the air source can be communicated with an air inlet pipe 5-2 of the metal seal box 5 through pipelines.
The first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 and the inflating mechanism 4-1 also need to realize quick butt joint between the pipeline and the air outlet pipe 5-3 and the air inlet pipe 5-2 on the metal seal box 5 by driving parts such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, and the like, and the sealing connection between the pipelines needs to be realized by adopting the prior components such as a sealing flange plate and the like by a person skilled in the art.
Meanwhile, the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 and the inflating mechanism 4-1 are arranged on the conveying platform 1 of the production line, and the stations of the first vacuumizing mechanism and the inflating mechanism 4-1 are respectively provided with a positioning mechanism 6 which acts on the metal sealing box 5, as shown in fig. 2, the positioning mechanism 6 comprises a pneumatic telescopic table 6-1 (namely a cylinder) arranged on a frame body of the conveying platform, a plurality of positioning clamping claws 6-2 are arranged on the pneumatic telescopic table 6-1 in an array manner, and the positioning clamping claws 6-2 gradually collide with the side wall of the metal sealing box 5 in the telescopic process of the pneumatic telescopic table 6-1 so as to realize the positioning of the metal sealing box 5 between the positioning clamping claws 6-2; so that the air inlet pipe 5-2 and the air outlet pipe 5-3 of the metal seal box 5 are precisely and hermetically connected with the air pipes in the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 and the air charging mechanism 4-1.
According to the application, equidistant transmission of the metal seal box 5 on the transmission platform 1 is realized by calculating pulse signals through angles and turns of a servo motor so as to accurately reach corresponding stations, and corresponding time requirements are met at different stations of the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 and the inflating mechanism 4-1 through interval design of the positions of the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 and the inflating mechanism 4-1 on the transmission platform 1 and step frequency control of the servo motor in the transmission platform 1; the space occupation distance of the low-temperature heating oven 3-4, the high-temperature roasting oven 3-5 and the cooling chamber 3-6 and the stepping frequency control of the servo motor in the conveying platform 1 are adopted to meet the processing time requirement of the metal seal box 5 in the low-temperature heating oven 3-4, the high-temperature roasting oven 3-5 and the cooling chamber 3-6.
In the application, a plc system is also adopted to be connected with the left and right electric devices in a circuit way, and the opening and closing and the working sequence of each electric device are controlled through a program, so that the production line has higher intelligent integration.
A method for realizing hydrophobic treatment of a gas diffusion layer by adopting the production line comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing a water repellent solution: 150g of PTFE emulsion and 3000ml of deionized water are weighed and mixed uniformly, and are placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic treatment for 10min and then stored in a feeding box in a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2.
Step two, inserting the carbon paper 7 into the slots 5-6 of the separated shelf 5-5 in an upright manner, closing and sealing the cover body 5-1 of the metal seal box 5, starting the work of the conveying platform 1, and starting the conveying of the metal seal box 5 on the conveying platform 1.
And thirdly, conveying the metal seal box 5 to a first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1, positioning the metal seal box 5 by using a positioning claw 6-2, and opening a switch valve after a pipeline in the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1 is communicated with an air outlet pipe 5-3 of the metal seal box 5, wherein the first vacuumizing mechanism 3-1 vacuumizes the metal seal box 5.
And step four, after the step three is completed, the metal seal box 5 is conveyed to the position of the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2, the positioning claw 6-2 firstly realizes positioning of the metal seal box 5, then after a pipeline in the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 5-2 of the metal seal box 5, the switch valve is opened, the atomized hydrophobic solution is sprayed and filled in the metal seal box 5 by the atomizing nozzle, the spraying flow rate of the atomizing nozzle is 150ml/min, the humidity in the metal seal box 5 is enabled to reach 95% rapidly, then the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism 3-2 is removed from the metal seal box 5, the carbon paper 7 continuously performs hydrophobic treatment in the process and the subsequent conveying process, and the hydrophobic treatment duration is controlled to be about 15min.
And fifthly, conveying the metal seal box 5 to a second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3, positioning the metal seal box 5 by using a positioning claw 6-2, and then opening a switch valve after a pipeline in the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 is communicated with an air outlet pipe 5-3 of the metal seal box 5, wherein the second vacuumizing mechanism 3-3 vacuumizes the metal seal box 5.
And step six, conveying the metal seal box 5 into a low-temperature heating oven 3-4 with the temperature of 100 ℃ for about 3min to finish low-temperature heating treatment, conveying the metal seal box into a high-temperature roasting furnace 3-5 with the temperature of 400 ℃ for about 10min to finish high-temperature heating treatment, and conveying the metal seal box into a cooling chamber 3-6 for about 5min to finish cooling treatment.
Step seven, the metal seal box 5 which is completed in step six is conveyed to the unloading area 4, the positioning claw 6-2 firstly realizes positioning of the metal seal box 5, then air is injected into the metal seal box 5 after a pipeline of the air charging mechanism 4-1 is quickly connected with the air inlet pipe 5-2 of the metal seal box 5, and then the air charging mechanism 4-1 and the positioning claw 6-2 are evacuated, the metal seal box 5 is opened, the separated storage rack 5-5 with a plurality of pieces of carbon paper 7 is taken out, or the carbon paper 7 is directly taken out one by one, so that the hydrophobic treatment of the carbon paper 7 is completed.
And step eight, coating both sides of the carbon paper 7 subjected to hydrophobic treatment on the conductive carbon slurry, and roasting and drying to obtain the prepared gas diffusion layer.
Aiming at the problem that the hydrophobic operation of the carbon paper 7 is realized by adopting the atomization mode disclosed by the application to improve the hydrophobic uniformity, as shown in fig. 6 (a), water drops are dropped on the surface of the carbon paper 7 with the hydrophobicity, and the uniform water drops can be displayed, namely the surface of the carbon paper 7 with the hydrophobic effect is more uniform, and meanwhile, the inventor tests the battery performance of the gas diffusion layer prepared by the embodiment, and the test results are shown in table 1; the atomization mode is adopted to replace the traditional impregnation mode to carry out hydrophobic treatment on the carbon substrate of the gas diffusion layer, the upper amount of the hydrophobic agent is quite uniform, and the hydrophobic agent has good performance under different power test conditions in a single cell test link. As shown in Table 1, when operated at 1000mA/cm2, 1500mA/cm2, 2000mA/cm2, the monolithic voltages reached 0.797V, 0.696V, 0.659V, respectively; the inventors also conducted comparison with respect to uniformity by using different hydrophobic modes, and specific comparative examples are as follows.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a water repellent solution: 150g of PTFE emulsion and 3000ml of deionized water are weighed and mixed uniformly, and are placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic treatment for 10min, and then poured into an impregnation tank.
Immersing carbon paper in a water repellent solution for 30s, taking out, placing in a 100 ℃ oven for 5min for high-temperature treatment, removing surface dispersion liquid, then placing the carbon paper in a 400 ℃ high-temperature oven for 10min for roasting treatment, continuously introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, cooling, taking out, and finishing the water repellent treatment of the carbon paper.
In the hydrophobic process of the carbon paper by adopting the traditional mode, the situation of uneven distribution of the hydrophobic agent can occur. As shown in fig. 6 (b), it is obvious that in the similar area, the water solution in the left area cannot be in a bead shape, that is, the difference between the hydrophobic effect and the right area directly indicates that the content of the water repellent in the two areas is different, so that the situation that the distribution of the water repellent is uneven is easily caused in the impregnated water repellent. The microporous layer is printed and the prepared gas diffusion layer is under the same condition, and as can be seen from a single cell test link, the distribution of the drainage performance and the conductivity of the gas diffusion layer is uneven when the gas diffusion layer works due to the uneven distribution of the water repellent, and the performance of the battery is seriously reduced along with the continuous increase of the electric density.
Comparative example 2
In the comparison example, the difference is that in the embodiment, the humidity in the metal seal box and the spraying flow at the atomizing nozzle in the fourth step are changed, namely, after the third step is completed, the metal seal box is conveyed to the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism, the positioning claw firstly positions the metal seal box, then the pipeline in the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism is communicated with the air inlet pipe of the metal seal box, the switching valve is opened, the atomizing nozzle sprays and fills the atomized hydrophobic solution into the metal seal box, in the process, the spraying flow of the atomizing nozzle is 50ml/min, the humidity in the metal seal box reaches 50%, then the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism is evacuated from the metal seal box, and the carbon paper is continuously subjected to hydrophobic treatment in the process and the subsequent conveying process, and the hydrophobic treatment time is controlled to be about 5min.
The gas diffusion layer plays roles of supporting, air guiding, electric conduction and drainage, and too much or too little water repellent in the carbon paper or the microporous layer is unfavorable for the operation of the fuel cell, and too much water repellent leads to poor overall electric conduction performance of the diffusion layer, and too little water repellent leads to the overall lack of water repellent performance of the diffusion layer, so that the air guiding performance is poor. As can be seen from fig. 6 (c), in the hydrophobic test procedure, when deionized water contacts the surface of the carbon paper, the carbon paper is wetted, which indicates that the adhesion amount of the hydrophobic agent on the carbon substrate is small, and the hydrophobic effect of the carbon paper is poor.
Table 1 test results
| V@1000mA/cm 2 | V@1500mA/cm 2 | V@2000mA/cm 2 | |
| Examples | 0.797 | 0.696 | 0.659 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.708 | 0.647 | 0.561 |
| Comparative example 2 | / | / | / |
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell gas diffusion layer batchization hydrophobic treatment production line, includes conveying platform (1), its characterized in that: the conveying platform (1) comprises an annular conveying track (1-1) for realizing rotary conveying, the annular conveying track (1-1) is controlled by a servo motor to realize stepping conveying, the conveying platform (1) comprises a feeding area (2), a working area (3) and a discharging area (4), a plurality of metal sealing boxes (5) for storing carbon substrates are uniformly arranged on the annular conveying track (1-1) in the feeding area (2), an air inlet pipe (5-2) and an air outlet pipe (5-3) which are communicated with an external air source are arranged on the metal sealing boxes (5), and valve assemblies (5-4) for realizing opening and closing are arranged on the air inlet pipe (5-2) and the air outlet pipe (5-3);
the conveying platform (1) is arranged in the conveying direction, a first vacuumizing mechanism (3-1), a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2), a second vacuumizing mechanism (3-3), a low-temperature heating oven (3-4), a high-temperature roasting furnace (3-5) and a cooling chamber (3-6) which act on a metal sealing box (5) are sequentially arranged on the working area (3), and an air charging mechanism (4-1) which acts on the metal sealing box (5) is arranged in the discharging area (4);
the conveying platform (1) is provided with a first vacuumizing mechanism (3-1), a hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2), a second vacuumizing mechanism (3-3) and a positioning mechanism (6) acting on the metal sealing box (5) at the positions of the inflating mechanism (4-1), so that an air inlet pipe (5-2) and an air outlet pipe (5-3) of the metal sealing box (5) are in precise sealing connection with air pipes in the first vacuumizing mechanism (3-1), the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2), the second vacuumizing mechanism (3-3) and the inflating mechanism (4-1).
2. A production line as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism (6) comprises a pneumatic telescopic table (6-1), a plurality of positioning claws (6-2) are arranged on the pneumatic telescopic table (6-1) in an array manner, and the positioning claws (6-2) gradually collide with the side wall of the metal sealing box (5) in the telescopic process of the pneumatic telescopic table (6-1) to position the metal sealing box (5) among the positioning claws (6-2);
the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2) comprises an atomizing nozzle.
3. A production line as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the metal sealing box (5) is internally provided with a separated storage rack (5-5), a plurality of slot openings (5-6) for inserting and limiting the single-chip carbon substrate are arranged on the storage rack in an array mode, and the interval between every two slot openings (5-6) is 0.2-0.5cm.
4. A method for performing a hydrophobic treatment on a gas diffusion layer using the production line of claim 3, comprising the steps of:
step one: inserting and embedding the carbon substrate in a metal sealing box (5) in an upright shape, closing the sealing metal sealing box (5), and starting conveying the metal sealing box (5) on a conveying platform (1);
step two: the metal seal box (5) is conveyed to a first vacuumizing mechanism (3-1), the positioning mechanism (6) firstly positions the metal seal box (5), and then the first vacuumizing mechanism (3-1) vacuumizes the interior of the metal seal box (5);
step three: the metal seal box (5) is conveyed to the position of the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2), the positioning mechanism (6) firstly positions the metal seal box (5), and then an atomizing nozzle in the hydrophobic solution atomizing mechanism (3-2) sprays and fills the atomized hydrophobic solution into the metal seal box (5);
step four: the metal seal box (5) is conveyed to a second vacuumizing mechanism (3-3), the positioning mechanism (6) firstly positions the metal seal box (5), and then the second vacuumizing mechanism (3-3) vacuumizes the interior of the metal seal box (5);
step five: the metal seal box (5) is sequentially conveyed into a low-temperature heating oven (3-4), a high-temperature roasting furnace (3-5) and a cooling chamber (3-6) to be subjected to the procedures of low-temperature heating, high-temperature roasting and cooling respectively;
step six: and step five, conveying the metal sealing box (5) to a discharging area (4), positioning the metal sealing box (5) by a positioning mechanism (6), injecting air into the metal sealing box (5) by an air charging mechanism (4-1), opening the metal sealing box (5), taking out a separated storage rack (5-5) with a plurality of carbon substrates, and finishing the hydrophobic treatment of the carbon substrates.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: and fifthly, cooling the outer surface of the metal seal box (5) in the cooling chamber (3-6) by filling atomized cooling liquid.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: in the fifth step, the temperature in the low-temperature heating oven (3-4) is 100-150 ℃ and the treatment time is 3-5min; the roasting temperature in the high-temperature roasting furnace (3-5) is 400-500 ℃ and the roasting time is 10-20min; the cooling time in the cooling chamber (3-6) is 5-15min.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein: after the atomized water repellent solution is filled in the metal sealing box (5), the humidity in the metal sealing box (5) is 90-100%, the spraying flow of the atomizing nozzle in the third step is 100-200ml/min, and the time for carrying out the water repellent treatment on the carbon substrate in the metal sealing box (5) is 10-15min.
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| CN113991129A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Microporous layer of gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
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| US6627035B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-09-30 | Gas Technology Institute | Gas diffusion electrode manufacture and MEA fabrication |
| US20070218344A1 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-20 | Chunxin Ji | Diffusion media with vapor deposited fluorocarbon polymer |
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| JP2007214077A (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Gas diffusion electrode material, method of manufacturing gas diffusion electrode material, and device of manufacturing gas diffusion electrode material |
| JP2009009829A (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Manufacturing method of vacuum drying device and calcination device, and diffusion layer for fuel cell using these |
| CN102082277A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | Metal gas diffusion layer used for fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN104064784A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-24 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for improving stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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