CN114824273A - Sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, preparation method thereof and solid battery - Google Patents

Sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, preparation method thereof and solid battery Download PDF

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CN114824273A
CN114824273A CN202210394029.7A CN202210394029A CN114824273A CN 114824273 A CN114824273 A CN 114824273A CN 202210394029 A CN202210394029 A CN 202210394029A CN 114824273 A CN114824273 A CN 114824273A
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solid electrolyte
electrolyte membrane
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sulfide
sulfide composite
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CN114824273B (en
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沈亚斐
李真棠
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Guangdong Carriage Power Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0565Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621Binders
    • H01M4/622Binders being polymers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, a preparation method thereof and a solid battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization into an organic solvent to obtain a solution; adding sulfide solid electrolyte into the solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry; and coating the slurry on a substrate, reacting at 30-80 ℃, drying, and pressurizing to obtain the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane. The invention adopts the binder precursor of thermal induced polymerization, so that the large-area preparation process of the composite solid electrolyte membrane is simple and convenient, and the composite solid electrolyte membrane has higher mechanical strength and flexibility and higher ionic conductanceRate (not less than 10) ‑4 S/cm)。

Description

Sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, preparation method thereof and solid battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid electrolyte membranes, in particular to a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, a preparation method thereof and a solid battery.
Background
With the development of lithium battery technology, solid-state batteries are increasingly paid more attention by lithium battery practitioners in order to solve safety problems such as combustion and explosion which may occur in safety tests such as hot abuse, short circuit and needling of the existing liquid-state lithium ion batteries. The solid-state battery not only has good safety performance, but also can greatly improve the mass energy density of the battery, but the solid-state electrolyte membrane is limited by the thickness at present, the volume energy density of the battery is difficult to improve, and in addition, the thick solid-state electrolyte membrane can also influence the conduction of lithium ions, thereby influencing the rate capability of the battery, so that the research on how to prepare the extremely thin solid-state electrolyte membrane is an important limiting factor for the development of the solid-state battery. In solid electrolyte, sulfide also receives extensive attention as a class of substances which are considered to be particularly promising at present, but how to prepare a large-area membrane is also a process problem of the class of solid electrolyte membranes, and no better solution is provided in the industry about the problem at present.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, a method for producing the same, and a solid-state battery, which are intended to solve the problem that an extremely thin sulfide solid electrolyte membrane cannot be produced in a large area in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, comprising the steps of:
dissolving a binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization into an organic solvent to obtain a solution;
adding sulfide solid electrolyte into the solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry;
and coating the slurry on a substrate, reacting at 30-80 ℃, drying, and pressurizing to obtain the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane.
The method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, wherein,the binder precursor is
Figure BDA0003598243390000021
Wherein R is 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,R 4 Each independently selected from H, halogen, alkyl of ten carbons or less, alkoxycarbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkoxy of ten carbons or less, alkylthio carbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkylthio of ten carbons or less, aminocarbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkylamido of ten carbons or less, alkyl of ten carbons or less containing ether, amide, hydrazide, ester, thioether or carbamate group.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane comprises the step of preparing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, wherein the organic solvent is one or more of isobutyl isobutyrate, propyl propionate, butyl butyrate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibromomethane, toluene, p-xylene, o-xylene, ethyl benzoate, methyl benzoate and acetonitrile.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane further comprises the following steps of:
adding a cross-linking agent to the solution, the cross-linking agent being 0.5-50% by weight of the binder precursor.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane comprises the following step of preparing a cross-linking agent, wherein the cross-linking agent is one or more of lysine diisocyanate, 1, 4-butyl diisocyanate, 2- (acryloyloxy) ethyl isocyanate, tetraisocyanatosilane, 2, 6-diisocyanatohexanoic acid methyl ester, m-xylylene isocyanate, a compound containing trimethoxy silicon groups, isocyanate-terminated polyurethane, beta-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone methacrylate and methyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane comprises the following step of adding 5-10 parts of a binder precursor and 90-95 parts of sulfide solid electrolyte into slurry in parts by weight.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane comprises the steps of reacting at 30-80 ℃, drying and then carrying out pressurization treatment, wherein the drying time is 5min-12 h; the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 100-600 MPa.
The preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane comprises the step of preparing a substrate material, wherein the substrate material is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyisobutylene.
The invention relates to a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, which is prepared by the preparation method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane.
A solid-state battery comprising the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to the present invention.
Has the advantages that: the invention mixes the adhesive precursor which can be thermally induced to polymerize and the sulfide solid electrolyte in the organic solvent, then induces the adhesive precursor to generate polymerization reaction by heating, dries the solution after reaction, and then carries out pressurization treatment, thus obtaining the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane. According to the invention, the binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization is adopted, so that on one hand, the binder precursor has good chemical compatibility with sulfide electrolyte particles, the surface structure of the particles is not damaged, the grain boundary impedance of the composite solid electrolyte membrane can be reduced, and the binder can construct an efficient three-dimensional ion transmission network in the composite solid electrolyte membrane by virtue of the high ionic conductivity of the binder and an in-situ polymerization process; on the other hand, the binder precursor can form strong polar interaction with the surface of the sulfide, thereby effectively avoiding particle agglomeration and being beneficial to obtaining an ultrathin composite electrolyte membrane. In addition, the in-situ ring-opening polymerization process can enable the adhesive to construct a uniform polymer adhesive network structure in a re-membrane and the adhesive has strong adhesive action, so that the prepared composite solid electrolyte membrane has higher mechanical strength and flexibility and is suitable for large-area preparation. In a word, the invention not only enables the composite solid electrolyte membrane to have higher ionic conductivity (more than or equal to 10) -4 S/cm), has higher mechanical strength and flexibility, is suitable for large-area preparation, and can improve the preparation amount by 5-10 times.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, a method for producing the same, and a solid-state battery, and the present invention will be described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to the present invention, which includes the steps of:
s10, dissolving the binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization into an organic solvent to obtain a solution;
s20, adding sulfide solid electrolyte into the solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry;
s30, coating the slurry on a substrate, reacting at 30-80 ℃, drying, and pressurizing to obtain the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane.
In the embodiment, the binder precursor capable of thermally inducing polymerization and the sulfide solid electrolyte are mixed in an organic solvent, the binder precursor is induced to generate a polymerization reaction by heating, and the solution after the reaction is dried and then is subjected to pressurization treatment, so that the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane is prepared. In the embodiment, the binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization is adopted, so that on one hand, the binder precursor has good chemical compatibility with sulfide electrolyte particles, the surface structure of the particles cannot be damaged, the grain boundary impedance of the composite solid electrolyte membrane can be reduced, and the binder can construct an efficient three-dimensional ion transmission network in the composite solid electrolyte membrane by virtue of the high ionic conductivity of the binder and an in-situ polymerization process; on the other hand, the binder precursor can form strong polar interaction with the surface of the sulfide, thereby effectively avoiding particle agglomeration and being beneficial to obtaining an ultrathin composite electrolyte membrane. In addition, the in-situ ring-opening polymerization process can enable the adhesive to construct a uniform polymer adhesive network structure in a re-membrane and the adhesive has strong adhesive action, so that the prepared composite solid electrolyte membrane has higher mechanical strength and flexibility and is suitable for large-area preparation. In summary, the present inventionNot only the composite solid electrolyte membrane has higher ionic conductivity (more than or equal to 10) -4 S/cm), has higher mechanical strength and flexibility, is suitable for large-area preparation, and can improve the preparation amount by 5-10 times.
In some embodiments, the binder precursor is
Figure BDA0003598243390000051
Figure BDA0003598243390000052
Wherein R is 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,R 4 Each independently selected from H, halogen, alkyl of ten carbons or less, alkoxycarbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkoxy of ten carbons or less, alkylthio carbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkylthio of ten carbons or less, aminocarbonyl of ten carbons or less, alkylamido of ten carbons or less, alkyl of ten carbons or less containing ether, amide, hydrazide, ester, thioether or carbamate group.
In some embodiments, the organic solvent is one or more of isobutyl isobutyrate, propyl propionate, butyl butyrate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibromomethane, toluene, p-xylene, o-xylene, ethyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, and acetonitrile, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, prior to preparing the slurry, further comprising the steps of: adding a cross-linking agent to the solution, the cross-linking agent being 0.5-50% by weight of the binder precursor. In the embodiment, the molecular weight of the binder can be increased by adding the cross-linking agent, the binding and mechanical properties of the binder are enhanced, and the prepared electrolyte has high mechanical strength and flexibility. The crosslinking is one or more of lysine diisocyanate, 1, 4-diisocyanatobutyl ester, 2- (acryloyloxy) ethyl isocyanate, tetraisocyanatosilane, 2, 6-diisocyanatohexanoate, m-xylylene isocyanate, trimethoxy silicon group-containing compound, isocyanate-terminated polyurethane, beta-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone methacrylate and methyl cellulose, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the slurry includes 5 to 10 parts by weight of the binder precursor and 90 to 95 parts by weight of the sulfide solid electrolyte. Within the proportion range, the preparation of the solid electrolyte membrane with high ionic conductivity and high lithium ion transference number is facilitated.
In some embodiments, in the step of pressurizing after the reaction and drying at 30-80 ℃, the drying time is 5min-12 h; the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 100-600 MPa. In this embodiment, if the pressure is lower than 100MPa, the particles in the electrolyte membrane are not tight enough, and the ionic conductivity of the composite solid electrolyte membrane is low; if the pressure is higher than 600MPa, the particles in the electrolyte membrane are broken, and the ion conductivity of the composite solid electrolyte membrane is also reduced.
In some embodiments, the substrate material is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyisobutylene, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, there is also provided a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane produced by the method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to the present invention.
In some embodiments, there is also provided a solid-state battery including the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to the present invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
Weighing 3g
Figure BDA0003598243390000061
Wherein R is 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 Dissolving in 15g propyl acetate, dispersing, adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 60 deg.C for 6 hr, pressurizing to 200MPa, removing to obtain composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 8 μm, and testing conductivity to be 2.8 × 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 2
Weighing 2g
Figure BDA0003598243390000062
Wherein R is 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 ,R 3 =C 2 H 5 Dissolving in 20g ethyl benzoate, dispersing, adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 50 deg.C for 8 hr, pressurizing to 150MPa, removing to obtain composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 10 μm, and testing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 3.6 x 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 3
Weighing 2g
Figure BDA0003598243390000071
Wherein R is 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 ,R 3 =C 2 H 5 ,R4=OCH 3 Dissolving in 20g o-xylene, dispersing, adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 80 deg.C for 4 hr, pressurizing to 300MPa, removing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 5 μm, and testing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 5.3 x 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 4
Weighing 2.5g
Figure BDA0003598243390000072
Wherein R is 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 ,R 3 =C 2 H 5 Dissolving OCO in 20g dibromomethane, dispersing uniformly, adding 30g sulfide, stirring uniformly to obtain mixed slurry, spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 40 deg.C for 12 hr, pressurizing at 600MPa, removing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 12 μm, and testing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 8.2 x 10 -4 S/cm。
Example 5
Weighing 2g
Figure BDA0003598243390000073
Wherein R is 1 =R 2 =R 3 MeO dissolved in 20g of dibromomethaneDispersing uniformly, adding 30g sulfide, stirring uniformly to obtain mixed slurry, uniformly spin-coating the above slurry on a substrate, baking at 60 deg.C for 12 hr, pressurizing to 400MPa, removing to obtain composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 30 μm, and testing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 1.2 x 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 6
Weighing 3g
Figure BDA0003598243390000074
Wherein R is 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 ,R 3 =C 2 H 5 Dissolving in 25g mixed solvent of isobutyric acid and isobutyl ester, dispersing, adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, uniformly spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 30 deg.C for 10 hr, pressurizing to 450MPa, removing to obtain composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 35 μm, and testing to obtain composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 1.2 x 10 -4 S/cm。
Example 7
Weighing 3g
Figure BDA0003598243390000081
And 1g of butyl 1, 4-diisocyanate, in which R 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 Dissolving in 15g propyl acetate, dispersing, adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, spin-coating the slurry on a substrate, baking at 60 deg.C for 5 hr, pressurizing to 200MPa, removing to obtain 5 μm thick composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 3.5 × 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 8
Weighing 2g
Figure BDA0003598243390000082
And 1g of m-xylylene isocyanate, wherein R 1 =Cl,R 2 =CH 3 ,R 3 =C 2 H 5 NHCO is dissolved in 20g ethyl benzoate to be dispersed evenly, 30g sulfide is added to be stirred evenly to obtain mixed slurry, the slurry is evenly coated on a substrate in a spinning mode, the substrate is baked for 2 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃, the pressure is 150MPa,the obtained composite solid electrolyte membrane has a thickness of 8 μm, and an electrical conductivity of 2.8 × 10 -3 S/cm。
Example 9
Weighing 3g
Figure BDA0003598243390000083
Wherein R is 1 =F,R 2 =CH 3 Adding 30g sulfide, stirring to obtain mixed slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on a substrate, directly hot pressing at 60 deg.C and 350MPa for 6 hr, removing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with thickness of 12 μm, and testing to obtain a composite solid electrolyte membrane with conductivity of 2.9 x 10 -3 S/cm
The composite solid electrolyte membranes prepared in examples 1 to 9 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1:
table 1 table of performance test results of composite solid electrolyte
Figure BDA0003598243390000091
Figure BDA0003598243390000101
Figure BDA0003598243390000111
Figure BDA0003598243390000121
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the invention adopts the binder precursor of thermal induced polymerization, so that the large-area preparation process of the composite solid electrolyte membrane is simple and convenient, and the composite solid electrolyte membrane has higher mechanical strength and flexibility and higher ionic conductivity (not less than 10) -4 S/cm)。
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, characterized by comprising the steps of:
dissolving a binder precursor subjected to thermal induced polymerization into an organic solvent to obtain a solution;
adding sulfide solid electrolyte into the solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry;
and coating the slurry on a substrate, reacting at 30-80 ℃, drying, and pressurizing to obtain the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane.
2. The method for producing the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein the binder precursor is
Figure FDA0003598243380000011
Figure FDA0003598243380000012
Wherein R is 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,R 4 Each independently selected from H, halogen, alkyl of up to ten carbons, alkoxycarbonyl of up to ten carbons, alkoxy of up to ten carbons, alkylthio carbonyl of up to ten carbons, alkylthio of up to ten carbons, aminocarbonyl of up to ten carbons, alkanoylamino of up to ten carbons, alkyl of up to ten carbons containing ether, amide, hydrazide, ester, thioether, or carbamate groups.
3. The method for producing the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is one or more of isobutyl isobutyrate, propyl propionate, butyl butyrate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibromomethane, toluene, p-xylene, o-xylene, ethyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, and acetonitrile.
4. The method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, further comprising, before producing the slurry, the steps of:
adding a cross-linking agent to the solution, the cross-linking agent being 0.5-50% by weight of the binder precursor.
5. The method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 4, wherein the crosslinking agent is one or more of lysine diisocyanate, butyl 1, 4-diisocyanate, 2- (acryloyloxy) ethyl isocyanate, tetraisocyanatosilane, methyl 2, 6-diisocyanatohexanoate, m-xylylene isocyanate, a compound containing trimethoxy silicon groups, isocyanate-terminated polyurethane, β -hydroxy- γ -butyrolactone methacrylate, and methyl cellulose.
6. The production method of the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the slurry comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of the binder precursor and 90 to 95 parts by weight of the sulfide solid electrolyte.
7. The method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the step of performing the pressure treatment after the reaction at 30 to 80 ℃ and the drying, the drying time is 5min to 12 hours; the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 100-600 MPa.
8. The method of producing the sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein the base material is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyisobutylene.
9. A sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane, characterized by being produced by the method for producing a sulfide composite solid electrolyte membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A solid-state battery characterized by comprising the sulfide composite solid-state electrolyte membrane according to claim 9.
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