CN114815418A - Array substrate, display panel and display device - Google Patents
Array substrate, display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114815418A CN114815418A CN202210333953.4A CN202210333953A CN114815418A CN 114815418 A CN114815418 A CN 114815418A CN 202210333953 A CN202210333953 A CN 202210333953A CN 114815418 A CN114815418 A CN 114815418A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133707—Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134345—Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
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Abstract
The application provides an array substrate, a display panel and a display device. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate, wherein the sub-pixels comprise pixel electrodes, the substrate is divided into a plurality of areas in a first direction, and each area comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged along the first direction; the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the same area are the same, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the multiple areas are gradually reduced in the first direction, when a display device adopting the display panel adopts a side-in backlight module, the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer is gradually increased due to the gradual reduction of the temperature of the display panel in the first direction, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the multiple areas of the array substrate are gradually reduced in the first direction, the first direction is defined as the direction in which the temperature of the array substrate is gradually reduced when the array substrate is used, so that the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer is gradually reduced, and therefore when the display device works, the influence of the temperature difference of the display panel on the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer in the first direction is compensated, and the brightness of the display panel is uniform.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an array substrate, a display panel and a display device.
Background
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have become mainstream displays used In daily life work, and are classified into Twisted Nematic (TN) type, Vertical Alignment (VA) type, In-Plane Switching (IPS) type, and other mainstream displays according to their Display modes.
With the development of display technology, liquid crystal displays have been developed for portability and thin display, and side-entry light sources are often used. However, the brightness of the current display panel using the lateral light source is not uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an array substrate, a display panel and a display device, which aim to solve the problem of uneven brightness of the existing display panel.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first technical solution provided by the present application is: providing an array substrate, comprising a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate, wherein the sub-pixels comprise pixel electrodes; wherein the substrate is divided into a plurality of regions in a first direction, each region including a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in the first direction; the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the same region are the same, and the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in a plurality of regions are gradually reduced in the first direction, which is defined as a direction in which the temperature of the array substrate is gradually reduced when the array substrate is used.
In one embodiment, in the first direction, the difference between the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in two adjacent regions is equal.
In one embodiment, in the first direction, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the plurality of regions decrease from 45 degrees, and the minimum slit angle of the plurality of pixel electrodes ranges from 30 degrees to 40 degrees.
In one embodiment, in the first direction, the difference between the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in two adjacent regions in the first direction is 3 to 6 degrees.
In an embodiment, the sub-pixel further includes a common electrode trace, the common electrode trace partially overlaps with each of the pixel electrodes to form a storage capacitor, and in the first direction, overlapping areas of the pixel electrodes in the same region and the common electrode trace are the same, and overlapping areas of the pixel electrodes in the multiple regions and the common electrode trace gradually decrease in the first direction.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a second technical solution provided by the present application is: the display device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged oppositely, and the second substrate is the array substrate.
In one embodiment, the number of the pixel electrodes arranged along the first direction in each region is greater than N, N is greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 20; the display panel further comprises a scattering layer which is arranged on the first substrate and corresponds to the junction of the two adjacent areas, and the scattering layer is used for adjusting the brightness difference of the two adjacent areas at the junction.
In an embodiment, the scattering layer is disposed on a surface of the first substrate away from the second substrate, and a projection of the scattering layer on the pixel electrode array is located at a boundary between two adjacent regions.
In an embodiment, a projection of the scattering layer on the second substrate covers at least a portion of two adjacent pixel electrodes at a boundary of two adjacent regions.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a third technical solution provided by the present application is: there is provided a display device comprising a display panel including the display panel of any one of the above; the side-in backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a light source, wherein the first direction is from the light source to the far direction.
The display panel and the display device provided by the application have the beneficial effects that the display panel and the display device are different from the prior art, the display panel and the display device provided by the application comprise a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate, each sub-pixel comprises a pixel electrode, the substrate is divided into a plurality of areas in a first direction, and each area comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged along the first direction; the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the same area are the same, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the multiple areas are gradually reduced in the first direction, when a display device adopting the display panel adopts a side-in backlight module, the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer is gradually increased due to the gradual reduction of the temperature of the display panel in the first direction, and the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the multiple areas of the array substrate are gradually reduced in the first direction, so that the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer is gradually reduced, and therefore when the display device works, the influence of temperature difference on the penetration rate of the liquid crystal layer of the display panel in the first direction is compensated, and the brightness of the display panel is uniform.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device provided in a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the absorption axes of the first and second substrates and the azimuthal angles of the liquid crystal molecules and the periodic function A of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a graph of refractive index difference of liquid crystal molecules versus temperature;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel electrode array of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-pixel of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 7A-7C are schematic views of alternative structures of sub-pixels of the display device provided in the present application;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a display device provided in a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a pixel electrode array and a scattering layer of a display device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
display device-100, display panel-10, first substrate-11, upper polarizing layer-111, upper glass substrate-112, common electrode-113, color filter layer-114, black matrix layer-115, liquid crystal layer-12, liquid crystal molecule-120, second substrate-13, lower polarizing layer 131, lower glass substrate-132, TFT structure layer-133, subpixel-135, data line-1351, scan line-1352, thin film transistor-1353, common electrode trace-1354, pixel electrode array-14, region-141, first region-1411, second region-1412, third region-1413, pixel electrode-142, main electrode-1421, branch electrode-1422, opening region-1423, scattering layer-15, the backlight module comprises a side-in backlight module-20, a light guide plate-21, an emergent surface-211, a reflecting surface-212, a light source-22 and a first direction-A.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting of the application. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the above description of the present specification, the terms "fixed," "mounted," "connected," or "connected," and the like, are to be construed broadly unless otherwise expressly specified or limited. For example, with the term "coupled", it can be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship. Therefore, unless the specification explicitly defines otherwise, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application according to specific circumstances.
The terms "first" and "second" in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features shown. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In the display panel adopting the side-entry light source, the temperature of the display panel is higher at the position closer to the light source, and the temperature of the display panel is lower at the position farther away from the light source. Since the higher the temperature, the lower the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel, and the lower the temperature, the higher the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel, resulting in brightness unevenness of the entire display panel. To this end, the present application provides a display panel employing a side-entry light source but having uniform brightness throughout the display panel, and a display device employing the display panel.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device provided in a first embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the absorption axes of the first and second substrates and the azimuthal angles of the liquid crystal molecules and the periodic function A of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a graph of refractive index difference versus temperature of liquid crystal molecules according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel electrode array of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application; fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-pixel of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present application; FIGS. 7A-7C are schematic views of alternative structures of sub-pixels of the display device provided in the present application; fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a display device provided in a second embodiment of the present application; fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a pixel electrode array and a scattering layer of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a display device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure includes a display panel 10 and a side-in backlight module 20. The display panel 10 includes a first substrate 11, a liquid crystal layer 12, and a second substrate 13; the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer 12 is arranged between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13; the side-in backlight module 20 includes a light guide plate 21 and a light source 22. The edge-type backlight module 20 may further include other functional layers, such as a reflective layer, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, when the display device 100 operates, the light emitted from the light source 22 enters the display panel 10 through the light guide plate 21, the light entering the display panel 10 passes through the second substrate 13 and then passes through the liquid crystal layer 12, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 120 in the liquid crystal layer 12 changes the polarization angle of the light, and finally the light exits through the first substrate 11, so as to display a corresponding picture. Therefore, the intensity and color of the light that finally appears can be controlled by changing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal molecules 120, so that the color combinations with different hues can be changed on the display panel 10.
Referring to fig. 2, in the first embodiment of the present application, the first substrate 11 includes an upper polarizing layer 111, an upper glass substrate 112, a common electrode 113, a color filter layer 114, and a black matrix layer 115, which are stacked. The second substrate 13 includes a lower polarizing layer 131, a substrate 132, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) structure layer 133, and a pixel electrode array 14, which are stacked. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 may further include other functional layers, such as an alignment layer, which is not limited herein. The first substrate 11 may be a color filter substrate, the second substrate 13 may be an array substrate, and the substrate 132 may be a glass substrate.
A plurality of sub-pixels 135 are formed on the second substrate 13, each sub-pixel 135 includes a data line 1351, a scan line 1352, a thin film transistor 1353 and a pixel electrode 142, wherein the data line 1351, the scan line 1352 and the thin film transistor 1353 are disposed in the TFT structure layer 133, a gate of the thin film transistor 1353 is connected to the scan line 1352, a source and a drain of the thin film transistor 1353 are electrically connected to the data line 1351 and the pixel electrode 142, for example, the source of the thin film transistor 1353 is electrically connected to the data line 1351 and the pixel electrode 142, and the drain of the thin film transistor 1353 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 142. It is understood that the second substrate 13 has a plurality of data lines 1351 and scan lines 1352 arranged to cross, the plurality of data lines 1351 and scan lines 1352 arranged to cross define a plurality of pixel regions, two adjacent data lines 1351 and two adjacent scan lines 1352 define a pixel region, and one or more pixel electrodes 142 may be disposed in each pixel region. The present application will be described by taking only one pixel electrode 142 provided in each pixel region as an example.
The transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 is expressed as follows:
A＝sin 2 2 ψ (equation 2);
where ψ is an azimuth angle between the absorption axes of the upper and lower polarizing layers 111 and 131 and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 120, the angle being determined by the liquid crystal photoalignment, π is a circumferential ratio, Δ n is a refractive index difference of the liquid crystal molecules 120, and d is a liquid crystal cell thickness.
Referring to fig. 3, a is a periodic function, and for the VA display mode, the azimuth angle ψ is generally designed to be 45 ° in order to obtain the maximum transmittance T, where a is 1, and equation 1 can be simplified to equation 3.
Due to the display device 100 using the side-in backlight module 20, the temperature of the display panel 10 is higher when the display panel is closer to the light source 22, and the temperature of the display panel is lower when the display panel is farther away from the light source 22 in the first direction a. Referring to fig. 4, the higher the temperature, the lower the refractive index difference Δ n of the liquid crystal molecules 120, the lower the brightness of the display panel 10, thereby causing the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 to become gradually greater in the first direction a away from the light source 22 of the display panel 10, which is embodied as the brightness of the display panel 10 gradually increasing, resulting in uneven brightness.
As can be seen from equations 1 and 2 and fig. 4, in the range of 0 degree to 45 degrees, the larger the azimuth angle ψ is, the higher the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 120 is, and the higher the luminance of the display panel 10 is. Therefore, to solve the problem of uneven brightness of the display panel 10 caused by the lateral backlight module 20, referring to fig. 5, the pixel electrode array 14 on the second substrate 13 in the display panel 10 provided by the present application is divided into a plurality of regions 141 in the first direction a, and each region 141 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 142 arranged along the first direction a; the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the same region 141 are the same, and the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the multiple regions 141 are gradually decreased in the first direction a, so that the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel 10 in the first direction a is decreased, thereby compensating for the influence of the temperature difference of the display panel 10 in the first direction a on the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel 10, and ensuring the uniform brightness of the display panel 10.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in order to make the display panel 10 have better wide viewing angle characteristics and improve the problem of uneven brightness, the present application adopts a multi-domain Vertical Alignment (MVA) technique, i.e., one pixel electrode 142 is divided into a plurality of regions. Specifically, the pixel electrode 142 includes a main electrode 1421 and a plurality of branch electrodes 1422 connected to the main electrode 1421, the main electrode 1421 is cross-shaped, the main electrode 1421 divides the pixel electrode 142 into four regions, any one of the regions includes a plurality of branch electrodes 1422 arranged in parallel, and an included angle between the branch electrodes 1422 and the main electrode 1421 is a slit angle of the pixel electrode 142. The plurality of pixel electrodes 142 are arranged in an array, the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 in the pixel electrode array 14 parallel to the first direction a are rows of the pixel electrode array 14, the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 perpendicular to the first direction a are columns of the pixel electrode array 14, since the temperature of the display panel 10 is only related to the distance from the light source 22, the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 on the same column of the pixel electrode array 14 having the same distance from the light source 22 are at the same distance from the light source 22, that is, the temperatures of the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 on the same column in the pixel electrode array 14 are the same, and therefore, by dividing the pixel electrode array 14 into a plurality of regions 141 in the row direction, and gradually reducing the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the plurality of regions 141 in the row direction, thereby ensuring that the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 is substantially the same throughout the display panel 10, so that the brightness of the display panel 10 is uniform. The number of rows and the number of columns in the pixel electrode array 14 may be the same or different. For example, if the display panel 10 is square, the number of rows and columns may be the same; if the display panel 10 is rectangular, the number of rows and columns may be different according to the side length of the rectangle; if the display panel 10 has other shapes, such as a circular shape or an oval shape, the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 may be arranged in different arrays according to actual situations. For example, referring to fig. 5, the pixel electrode array 14 is divided into 3 regions 141 in the first direction a, the number of the pixel electrodes 142 in each row in the first region 1411 close to the light source 22 is x, the number of the pixel electrodes 142 in each row in the third region 1413 far from the light source 22 is y, and the number of the pixel electrodes 142 in each row in the second region 1412 located between two regions 141 is z, which can be specifically set according to practical situations as long as the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the multiple regions 141 are ensured to be gradually reduced in the first direction a.
It can be understood that, in the case of applying an electric field to the pixel electrode 142, the liquid crystal molecules 120 are inverted along the slit angle direction of the pixel electrode 142, that is, in the operating state of the display panel 10, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 120 is the same as the angle of the slit angle of the pixel electrode 142. And the lower the temperature, the larger the refractive index difference Δ n of the liquid crystal molecules 120, the greater the transmittance T of the display panel 10, and in order to make the transmittance T of the display panel 10 in the first direction a away from the light source 22 substantially constant, the transmittance T of the display panel 10 in the first direction a remains substantially constant by gradually decreasing the slit angle of the pixel electrodes 142 in the plurality of regions 141 in the first direction a away from the light source 22, so that the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 120 controlled by each region 141 is gradually decreased. Specifically, the transmittance T of the display panel 10 in the first direction a is compensated through differentiation, so that the influence of the temperature difference on the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel 10 in the first direction a of the display panel 10 is compensated, and the brightness uniformity of the display panel 10 is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the number of the pixel electrodes 142 arranged along the first direction a in each region 141 is greater than N, and the number of N is specifically determined according to the number of the regions 141 into which the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 in the pixel electrode array 14 are divided. However, since each of the regions 141 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 142, the plurality of regions 141 divide the pixel electrode array 14 into a limited number of units, if the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in two adjacent regions 141 are too small, the change of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the plurality of regions 141 in the first direction a is small, for example, the pixel electrode array 14 is divided into 3 regions 141 in the first direction a, and if the difference of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in two adjacent regions 141 is 0.5 degrees, the change of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the plurality of regions 141 in the first direction a is only 1.5 degrees, and the compensation for the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel 10 is small, so that the brightness of the display panel 10 in the first direction a still has a certain difference. In the embodiment, in the first direction a, the difference between the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the two adjacent regions 141 is 3 degrees to 6 degrees, which can be specifically selected according to the influence of the size or the temperature of the display panel 10 on the display panel 10 in the first direction a, so as to compensate the influence of the temperature difference of the display panel 10 on the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the display panel 10 in the first direction a, and make the brightness of the display panel 10 uniform.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the plurality of regions 141 decrease from 45 degrees in the first direction a. For example, the number of the plurality of regions 141 is three, and the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the three regions 141 are sequentially in the first direction a
And is
Specifically, the closer the display panel 10 is to the light source 22, the higher the temperature and the lower the transmittance T, and by setting the angle of the slit angle of the pixel at the position close to the light source 22 to 45 degrees, the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 at the position close to the light source 22, that is, the transmittance T at the first region 1411, is improved to the greatest extent. Wherein,
is at an angle of 45 degrees to each other,
is at 40 DEG,
The angle is 35 degrees, so that the transmittance T of the display panel 10 in the first direction a is sequentially reduced, and the influence of different temperatures on the display panel 10 on the increase of the transmittance T is compensated. Wherein the minimum slit angle of the plurality of pixel electrodes 142 ranges from 30 degrees to 40 degrees. For example, in the first direction a, the slit angle of the pixel electrode 142 farthest from the light source 22 may be 40 degrees, 35 degrees, 30 degrees, or the like, and specifically may be determined according to the number of the regions 141 and the difference between the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in two adjacent regions 141.
In the present embodiment, the number of the plurality of regions 141 is 3 to 6, and the plurality of regions can be displayed in the first direction a according to the size or the temperature of the display panel 10The display panel 10 is selected by, for example, sequentially including a first region 1411, a second region 1412 and a third region 1413 in the first direction a in the plurality of regions 141, and setting the slit angle of the pixel electrode 142 in the second region 1412 to be a standard slit angle
Increasing the slit angle of the pixel electrode 142 in the first region 1411
Reducing a slit angle of the pixel electrode 142 in the third region 1413
The transmittance T of the first region 1411 is increased, and the transmittance T of the third region 1413 is decreased, so that the transmittances T of the liquid crystal layer 12 in the first direction a are substantially the same, thereby ensuring uniform brightness of the display panel 10. It can be understood that the larger the number of the regions 141, the more the variation value of the slit angle of the pixel electrode 142, resulting in a complicated manufacturing process.
In order to make the brightness of the display panel 10 more uniform, in the present embodiment, the difference of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the two adjacent regions 141 is equal in the first direction a. For example, in the first direction a, the difference of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in the two adjacent regions 141 is 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, or 6 degrees.
Referring to fig. 7A to 7C, the pixel electrode 142 shown in fig. 7A to 7C is only for exemplary illustration, and the specific structure is substantially the same as that of the pixel electrode 142 shown in fig. 6.
Referring to fig. 7A, the sub-pixel 135 provided by the present application further includes a common electrode trace 1354, the common electrode trace 1354 partially overlaps each pixel electrode 142 to form a storage capacitor, and in the first direction a, the overlapping area of each pixel electrode 142 in the same area and the common electrode trace 1354 is the same, and the overlapping area of the pixel electrodes 142 in a plurality of areas and the common electrode trace 1354 gradually decreases in the first direction a.
Specifically, the common electrode trace 1354 is disposed in the TFT structure layer 133, for example, the common electrode trace 134 is disposed at the same layer as the scan line 1352. The common electrode 113 is electrically connected to each sub-pixel 135 through the common electrode trace 1354, the common electrode trace 1354 and each pixel electrode 142 are matched to form a storage capacitor, the storage capacitor can maintain the stability of the luminance of the display panel 10, the larger the capacitance value of the storage capacitor is, the longer the luminance of the display panel 10 is maintained, the overlapping area of each pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in the same region is set to be the same in the first direction a, and the overlapping area of the pixel electrodes 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in a plurality of regions is gradually reduced in the first direction a, so that the storage capacitors in the plurality of regions are gradually reduced in the first direction a, thereby differentially compensating the influence of different temperatures on the display panel 10 on the transmittance T, and making the overall luminance of the display panel 10 more uniform.
Specifically, the larger the projected coverage area of the common electrode trace 1354 on each pixel electrode 142, the larger the capacitance value of the storage capacitor formed between the common electrode trace 1354 and each pixel electrode 142, and referring to fig. 7A, in the first direction a, the present embodiment sets the projected overlapping area of each pixel electrode 142 in the first region 1411 and the common electrode trace 1354 to be S1, sets the projected overlapping area of the pixel electrode 142 in each second region 1412 and the common electrode trace 1354 to be S2, sets the projected overlapping area of the pixel electrode 142 in each third region 1413 and the common electrode trace 1354 to be S3, and S1> S2> S3. As can be understood, the area of the display panel 10 closer to the light source 22 is more affected by the temperature, and the present embodiment reduces the influence of the light source 22 on the transmittance T of different areas of the liquid crystal layer 12 by differentially arranging the projection overlapping areas of the pixel electrodes 142 and the common electrode traces 1354 in the first direction a, so that the brightness of the display panel 10 is uniform.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7A, the pixel electrode 142 further has an opening region 1423 for passing light, light emitted from the light source 22 enters the liquid crystal layer 12 through the opening region 1423, and by changing the sizes of the pixel electrodes 142 in different regions, the size of the common electrode trace 1354 is unchanged, such that in the first direction a, the overlapping areas of the pixel electrodes 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in the same region are the same, and the overlapping areas of the pixel electrodes 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in multiple regions are gradually decreased in the first direction a. The opening region 1423 refers to a region where the pixel electrode 142 is not covered by a metal layer (e.g., the common electrode trace 1354), and the opening region 1423 has an opening therein for allowing light to pass through. In this embodiment, the size of the common electrode trace 1354 may also be changed, and the size of the pixel electrode 142 is not changed, so that in the first direction a, the overlapping area of each pixel electrode 142 in the same area and the common electrode trace 1354 is the same, and the overlapping area of the pixel electrodes 142 in the multiple areas and the common electrode trace 1354 gradually decreases in the first direction a. Of course, the sizes of the pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 may not be changed, and the relative positions of the pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 may be changed such that the overlapping areas of the pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in the same area are the same in the first direction a, and the overlapping areas of the pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 in multiple areas are gradually reduced in the first direction a, which is not limited herein.
There are also coupling capacitances in the display panel 10, for example, between the pixel electrode 142 and the data line 1351, or between the pixel electrode 142 and the scan line 1352. The coupling capacitance acts in opposition to the storage capacitance, and the larger the coupling capacitance, the shorter the time for which the luminance of the display panel 10 is maintained. For this reason, the present application may also utilize the coupling capacitor to adjust the brightness uniformity of the display panel 10. Specifically, since the coupling capacitance between the pixel electrode 142 and the data line 1351 is relatively significant and other coupling capacitances are negligible, the application takes the coupling capacitance between the pixel electrode 142 and the data line 1351 as an example. In the first direction a, the coupling capacitances between the respective pixel electrodes 142 in the same region and the data lines 1351 are the same, and the coupling capacitances between the pixel electrodes 142 in different regions and the data lines 1351 in the first direction a are increasingly larger. For example, referring to fig. 7B, in the first direction a, the distances between the pixel electrode 142 and the data line 1351 in the three regions are d1, d2, d3 in sequence, and d1> d2> d 3. The present application can gradually decrease the distance between the pixel electrode 142 and the data line 1351 without affecting the aperture ratio of the display panel 10 by gradually increasing the width (referring to the size along the first direction a) of the pixel electrode 142 in different regions in the first direction a.
It is understood that, in order to keep the aperture ratio of the display panel 10 constant, the common electrode trace 1354 is kept constant in the first direction a. If the width of the pixel electrode 142 is only gradually reduced, the overlapping area of the pixel electrode 142 and the common electrode trace 1354 is gradually increased, that is, the storage capacitance is gradually increased. Referring to fig. 7C, to this end, while the width of the pixel electrode 142 of the different region is gradually increased in the first direction a, the length (referring to a size in a direction perpendicular to the first direction a) of the pixel electrode 142 is gradually decreased, so that the storage capacitance of the sub-pixel 135 in the different region is gradually decreased in the first direction a.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a display device 100 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure includes a display panel 10 and a side-type backlight module 20. The display panel 10 includes a first substrate 11, a liquid crystal layer 12, and a second substrate 13; the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer 12 is arranged between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13; the side-in backlight module 20 includes a light guide plate 21 and a light source 22.
The display device 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present application has substantially the same structure as the display device 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present application, except that the display device 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present application further includes a scattering layer 15. Specifically, the scattering layer 15 is disposed corresponding to the boundary between two adjacent regions 141.
In the present embodiment, the number N of the pixel electrodes 142 in each region 141 in the first direction a is equal to or greater than 10 and equal to or less than 20. Specifically, if the number of the pixel electrodes 142 in each region 141 is less than N, for example, less than 10, in the first direction a, the process difficulty of the product may be increased; if the number of the pixel electrodes 142 in each of the regions 141 is greater than N, for example, greater than 20, in the first direction a, the number of the divided regions 141 is reduced, and since the multiple rows of the pixel electrodes 142 in each of the regions 141 all use the same slit angle, if the difference between the slit angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in two adjacent regions 141 is too small and the number of the regions 141 is small, the compensation effect is not obvious, and if the difference between the angles of the pixel electrodes 142 in two adjacent regions 141 is too large and the number of the regions 141 is small, the brightness at the boundary between two adjacent regions 141 is obviously abrupt.
In the second embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the transmittance T, and make up for the sudden change in brightness between two adjacent regions 141, referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the display panel 10 further includes a scattering layer 15, where the scattering layer 15 is disposed corresponding to a boundary of two adjacent regions 141, and is used to adjust a brightness difference between the boundary of two adjacent regions 141, and reduce the sudden change in brightness between two adjacent regions 141, so that the brightness of the display panel 10 is uniform. It can be understood that, since the multiple columns of pixel electrodes 142 in each area 141 all use the same slit angle, the temperatures of the display panel 10 corresponding to the multiple columns of pixel electrodes 142 in each area 141 are different in practice. Therefore, the temperature of the region of the display panel 10 corresponding to each region 141 is gradually decreased in the first direction a, and the luminance of the region of the display panel 10 corresponding to each region 141 is gradually increased in the first direction a. Therefore, the brightness at the boundary between two adjacent regions 141 changes abruptly. For example, the side of the first zone 1411 close to the second zone 1412 is the position where the brightness of the first zone 1411 is maximum, and the side of the second zone 1412 close to the first zone 1411 is the position where the brightness of the first zone 1411 is minimum, so the brightness changes abruptly at the boundary between the first zone 1411 and the second zone 1412. Specifically, the scattering layer 15 is a scattering particle layer disposed on the first substrate 11, and the scattering particle layer can scatter light to blur the light boundary, so as to scatter and mix light with different light intensities at two sides of the boundary between two adjacent regions 141, thereby eliminating brightness abrupt change at the boundary between two adjacent regions 141. By arranging the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the pixel electrode array 14 to be located at the junction of the two adjacent regions 141, light on two sides of the display panel 10 corresponding to the junction of the two adjacent regions 141 is uniform. Specifically, the scattering particle layer may be disposed on the surface of the upper polarizing layer 111 away from the second substrate 13, and a projection of the scattering particle layer on the second substrate 13 is located at a boundary between two adjacent regions 141; the scattering particle layer may also be disposed in a gap in the black matrix layer 115, and a projection of the scattering particle layer on the second substrate 13 is located at a boundary between two adjacent regions 141, so that brightness at the boundary between two adjacent regions 141 is uniform.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, a projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 covers at least portions of two adjacent pixel electrodes 142 at the boundary of two adjacent regions 141. For example, the side of the first region 1411 close to the second region 1412 is the position where the brightness of the first region 1411 is maximum, and the side of the second region 1412 close to the first region 1411 is the position where the brightness of the first region 1411 is minimum, so that the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 at least covers the portions of the two adjacent pixel electrodes 142 at the boundary of the two adjacent regions 141, and the strong light rays at the side of the first region 1411 close to the second region 1412 and the weak light rays at the side of the second region 1412 close to the first region 1411 are mixed by the scattering layer 15 into the light rays with the same intensity and scattered out, thereby eliminating the abrupt brightness change at the boundary of the two adjacent regions 141. In this embodiment, the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 can cover the gap between two adjacent rows of pixel electrodes 142 of the first area 1411 and the second area 1412, and can cover at least a portion of the pixel electrode 142 on the side of the first area 1411 close to the second area 1412 and at least a portion of the pixel electrode on the side of the second area 1412 close to the first area 1411, so as to mix and scatter the light rays with different light ray intensities at two sides of the boundary between the two adjacent areas 121. In this embodiment, it may be further configured that an area of the pixel electrode 142 covering a side of the first region 1411 close to the second region 1412 by the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 is larger than an area of the pixel electrode 142 covering a side of the second region 1412 close to the first region 1411, for example, the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 completely covers a row of the pixel electrodes 142 of the first region 1411 close to the second region 1412, and the projection of the scattering layer 15 on the second substrate 13 covers a half of an area of the row of the pixel electrodes 142 of the second region 1412 close to the first region 1411, so as to increase a scattering ratio of the strong side light, so as to increase a luminance of the weak side light, and make the luminance of the display panel 10 uniform.
The display panel 10 and the display device 100 provided by the present application include a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels 135 disposed on the substrate, wherein the sub-pixels 135 include pixel electrodes 142, wherein the substrate is divided into a plurality of regions on a first direction a, and each region includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 142 arranged along the first direction a; when the display device 200 using the display panel 10 uses the edge-type backlight module 20, the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 gradually increases due to the gradual decrease of the temperature of the display panel 10 in the first direction a, and the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 gradually decreases due to the gradual decrease of the temperature of the display panel 10 in the first direction a, so that when the display device 100 operates, the influence of the temperature difference of the display panel 10 in the first direction a on the transmittance T of the liquid crystal layer 12 is compensated, and the brightness of the display panel 10 is uniform.
The above embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and all modifications, equivalents, and flow charts using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present disclosure or those directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An array substrate, comprising:
the liquid crystal display panel comprises a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate, wherein each sub-pixel comprises a pixel electrode;
the substrate is divided into a plurality of areas in a first direction, and each area comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged along the first direction; the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the same region are the same, and the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in a plurality of regions are gradually reduced in the first direction, which is defined as a direction in which the temperature of the array substrate is gradually reduced when the array substrate is used.
2. The array substrate of claim 1,
the pixel electrode include the trunk electrode and with a plurality of with the branch road electrode that the trunk electrode is connected, the shape of trunk electrode is the cross, the trunk electrode will the pixel electrode divides into four first regions, arbitrary one including a plurality of parallel arrangement in the first region the branch road electrode, the branch road electrode with the contained angle of trunk electrode does the slit angle of sub-pixel electrode in the first direction, in two adjacent regions the difference at the slit angle of pixel electrode equals.
3. The array substrate of claim 1,
in the first direction, the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in the plurality of regions decrease from 45 degrees, and the minimum slit angle of the plurality of pixel electrodes ranges from 30 degrees to 40 degrees.
4. The array substrate of claim 1,
in the first direction, the difference of the slit angles of the pixel electrodes in two adjacent regions is 3-6 degrees.
5. The array substrate of claim 1,
the sub-pixels further comprise a common electrode routing line, the common electrode routing line and each pixel electrode are partially overlapped to form a storage capacitor, in the first direction, the overlapping area of each pixel electrode in the same area and the common electrode routing line is the same, and the overlapping area of the pixel electrodes in the multiple areas and the common electrode routing line is gradually reduced in the first direction.
6. A display panel, comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate;
the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate;
wherein the second substrate is the array substrate of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The display panel according to claim 6,
the number of the pixel electrodes arranged in the first direction in each region is greater than N, wherein N is greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 20; the display panel further includes:
and the scattering layer is arranged on the first substrate and corresponds to the junction of the two adjacent regions, and the scattering layer is used for adjusting the brightness difference of the two adjacent regions at the junction.
8. The display panel according to claim 7,
the scattering layer is arranged on the surface of the first substrate far away from the second substrate, and the projection of the scattering layer on the second substrate is positioned at the junction of two adjacent areas.
9. The display panel according to claim 7,
the projection of the scattering layer on the second substrate at least covers the parts of two adjacent pixel electrodes at the junction of two adjacent areas.
10. A display device, comprising:
a display panel comprising the display panel of any one of claims 6-9;
the side-in backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a light source, wherein the first direction is from the light source to the far direction.
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