CN114811746B - Medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method - Google Patents
Medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114811746B CN114811746B CN202210375279.6A CN202210375279A CN114811746B CN 114811746 B CN114811746 B CN 114811746B CN 202210375279 A CN202210375279 A CN 202210375279A CN 114811746 B CN114811746 B CN 114811746B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
- F24F1/0073—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air characterised by the mounting or arrangement of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0083—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with dehumidification means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0087—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with humidification means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/54—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/0209—Ducting arrangements characterised by their connecting means, e.g. flanges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
- F24F8/22—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using UV light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
Abstract
The medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method belongs to the ward air conditioning technical field, the conversion method adopts a medical integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system, the system comprises a ward or an operating room, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit and an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box, the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner comprises an air conditioning outdoor part and an air conditioning indoor part, and the air conditioning outdoor part comprises a compressor and a condensing fan; the indoor part of the air conditioner comprises a mixing section, an initial medium-efficiency filtering section, a refrigeration-heating-humidifying section, a blower section, a high-efficiency filtering section, an air outlet and ultraviolet sterilization section; the positive-negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit comprises an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section, a middle-high efficiency filtering section and an exhaust fan section; the switching method comprises a step of switching to a negative pressure mode and a step of switching to a positive pressure mode; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the medical environment positive pressure and negative pressure are quickly converted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a positive and negative pressure conversion method, in particular to an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method for a medical ward, and belongs to the technical field of air conditioners for medical ward.
Background
At present, the hospital ward, the operating room and the auxiliary ward have positive pressure and negative pressure requirements, and only single positive pressure or negative pressure is considered in engineering design. The use can not be switched when an emergency happens, so that the emergency virus epidemic prevention can not be effectively dealt with, for example, a common ward is converted into a negative pressure ward, and a common positive pressure operating room is converted into a negative pressure operating room.
The negative pressure ward refers to that under a special device, the air pressure in the ward is lower than the air pressure outside the ward, so that the fresh air outside the ward can only flow into the ward from the circulation of the air, and the air polluted by a patient in the ward can not leak out, but is discharged to a fixed place in time through a special channel. Thus, the places outside the ward are not polluted, thereby reducing the possibility of mass infection of medical staff, and the ward is most suitable for rescuing respiratory tract infectious disease patients like SARS and new coronaviruses.
The positive pressure of the hospital is mainly supplied to operating rooms, intensive Care Units (ICU) respirators and anesthesia machines, and patients in operation and critical patients are the objects, so that the safety risk of the patients is directly related. The positive pressure mode can ensure that air is filtered, purified and disinfected step by an air conditioning unit, and ensures that the air pressure of a room is higher than that of an adjacent room, thereby preventing surrounding polluted air from entering an operation room or a ward to infect a patient.
At present, a positive pressure air supply mode is adopted in an ordinary ward or an intensive care unit to supply fresh air to a room, and a negative pressure design is adopted in an infectious ward for preventing cross infection. This is generally satisfactory, but common ward applications in infectious diseases are not satisfactory when a group of infectious diseases occurs, and there is a great risk of infection for both the patient and the medical staff. In order to cope with the requirements of the air conditioning system for sudden diseases, the design of the medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system becomes urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defect that positive and negative pressure sickrooms cannot be converted in the prior art, and provides an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method for medical sickrooms, which can achieve the aim of rapidly converting positive pressure and negative pressure of medical environments.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method for medical ward; the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system is adopted, and comprises a ward or an operating room, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit and an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box, wherein the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner comprises an air conditioning outdoor part and an air conditioning indoor part, the air conditioning outdoor part comprises a compressor and a condensing fan, the air conditioning outdoor part and the air conditioning indoor and outdoor parts are communicated through pipelines, and the communication method is a conventional technology and is not repeated;
the indoor part of the air conditioner comprises a mixing section, an initial and medium-efficiency filtering section, a refrigeration-heating-humidifying section, a blower section, a high-efficiency filtering section, an air outlet and an ultraviolet sterilization section which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the left end of the mixing section is provided with an air conditioner return air inlet, the upper end of the mixing section is provided with an outdoor air inlet, and the air conditioner return air and the outdoor air are mixed in the mixing section; the left side of the primary and secondary filter section is provided with a primary and secondary filter; the air outlet and ultraviolet sterilization section is provided with an air supply ultraviolet sterilization device and an air conditioner fresh air outlet;
the refrigerating-heating-humidifying section is sequentially provided with a refrigerating coil, an electric heater and a humidifier from left to right, the refrigerating coil is communicated with a condensing fan and a compressor at the indoor and outdoor parts of the air conditioner through pipelines, and the condensing fan and the compressor are started to refrigerate and dehumidify the air;
the air feeder section is provided with an air feeder and a fresh air valve, and the fresh air valve is regulated, so that the opening of the fresh air valve meets the requirements of positive or negative pressure values;
the positive-negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit comprises an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section, a middle-high efficiency filtering section and an exhaust fan section; the medium-high efficiency filter section is provided with a medium-high efficiency filter;
the exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section is provided with an exhaust inlet and an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization device from left to right in sequence;
the exhaust fan section is sequentially provided with an exhaust fan, an exhaust fan frequency converter and an exhaust outlet from left to right; the frequency converter of the exhaust fan adopts variable frequency speed regulation control to change the rotating speed of the fan, thereby changing the air quantity of the fan to adapt to the requirements of the production process;
the integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box comprises an equipment electric appliance main switch arranged on the front side of the integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box, and a positive pressure mode switch, a negative pressure mode switch, a blower button, a fresh air valve button, an exhaust fan frequency converter button, an air supply ultraviolet disinfection device button, an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button and a display which are respectively and electrically connected with the equipment electric appliance main switch; the positive pressure mode switch is used for determining the positive pressure mode setting of the ward, and the negative pressure mode switch is used for determining the negative pressure mode setting of the ward;
the intelligent temperature sensor also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a PLC controller, wherein the model of the PLC controller is cola PCO5+; the PLC is arranged in an integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion control box; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC, the PLC is electrically connected with the display, and real-time data acquired by the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor can be displayed on the display;
the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method comprises a step of converting to a negative pressure mode and a step of converting to a positive pressure mode;
1. a step of switching to the negative pressure mode:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical appliance main switch;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor and pressure sensor parameters;
(3) Pressing a negative pressure mode switch, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion controller to a negative pressure mode, and determining the negative pressure mode setting of a ward; in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure range is 0 to minus 50;
(4) Setting negative pressure and exhaust air quantity setting values on a display of a controller;
(5) Pressing an exhaust fan button, an exhaust fan frequency converter button and an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting an exhaust fan, an exhaust fan frequency converter and an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device, and controlling the exhaust amount within a set range by adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter to reach the set exhaust amount;
(6) Pressing a blower button and a blowing ultraviolet sterilizing device button, and starting the blower and the blowing ultraviolet sterilizing device;
(7) Pressing a fresh air valve button, starting a fresh air valve, and adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve according to the set negative pressure to meet the requirement of the negative pressure;
(8) Detecting whether the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve until the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, so that the room is in a negative pressure state, preventing polluted air from overflowing into the common room, and eliminating the infection risk of the common room; and the air supply and exhaust are subjected to multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection.
2. A positive pressure mode switching step:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical appliance main switch;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor and pressure sensor parameters;
(3) Pressing a positive pressure mode switch, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion controller to a positive pressure mode, and determining the positive pressure mode setting of a ward; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure range is 0-50;
(4) Setting positive pressure and fresh air quantity setting values on a display of a controller;
(5) Pressing a blower button, a fresh air valve button and a blowing ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting the blower, the fresh air valve and the blowing ultraviolet disinfection device, and adjusting the opening of the fresh air valve to enable the fresh air quantity to reach a set value;
(6) Pressing the exhaust fan button, the exhaust fan frequency converter button and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting the exhaust fan, the exhaust fan frequency converter and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device, and adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter;
(7) Adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter according to the positive pressure value to enable the exhaust air quantity to meet the requirement of the positive pressure value;
(8) Detecting whether the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter until the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, so that the room is in a positive pressure state, surrounding air is prevented from flowing into the room through a door and window gap, and the infection risk of a patient due to the environment is eliminated; and the air supply and exhaust are subjected to multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection.
The pipeline comprises a return air pipe, an outdoor air inlet pipe, a new air pipe and an exhaust pipe; an indoor return air inlet is arranged at the left end of the ward, one end of the return air pipe is connected with the indoor return air inlet, and the other end of the return air pipe is connected with the air conditioner return air inlet; the tail end of the outdoor air inlet pipe is connected with an outdoor air inlet; one end of the fresh air pipe is connected with a fresh air outlet of the air conditioner, and the other end of the fresh air pipe is a laminar flow high-efficiency air supply outlet and is communicated with the space in a ward; the ward right-hand member is provided with the air exit, exhaust pipe one end is connected with the air exit, and the exhaust pipe other end is connected with the exhaust inlet of exhaust unit.
Determining a negative pressure mode, wherein the negative pressure mode is used for defining negative pressure values as-5 Pa, -10Pa, -15Pa or-20 Pa according to the application; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value is set to +5Pa or +8Pa according to the application.
The number of the temperature sensors is 3, and the temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe, the new air pipe and the ward; the number of the humidity sensors is 3, and the humidity sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe, the new air pipe and the ward; the number of the pressure sensors is 2, and the pressure sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe and the ward; the temperature and humidity sensor is QFM2160 and the pressure sensor is QBM2030-5.
The primary and medium-efficiency filters are primary and medium-efficiency filters, and the medium-efficiency and high-efficiency filters are medium-efficiency and high-efficiency filters; the product model of the primary filter is a primary filter G4, the product model of the intermediate filter is an intermediate filter bag type F8, and the product model of the high-efficiency filter is a high-efficiency filter HV combined type H11-H14.
The product specification of the fresh air valve is 400 x 400 of an aluminum alloy electric air valve; the exhaust fan frequency converter is of a product model of a frequency converter VFD.
The fresh air quantity is 60m for each person according to the number of the persons in the room 3 H (cubic meters per hour).
The temperature and the humidity of indoor air can be adjusted; the indoor temperature is greater than the set temperature plus deviation, and a condensing fan and a compressor are started to cool the air; the indoor humidity is greater than the set humidity and the deviation, and the condensing fan and the compressor are started to cool and dehumidify the air, so that the cooling and dehumidifying effects are achieved; when the indoor temperature is less than or equal to the set temperature, starting electric heating to heat, and when the temperature is heated to the set temperature-deviation, stopping the electric heating; sampling humidity sensor parameters, starting a humidifier to humidify air when the indoor humidity is less than or equal to a set humidity, and closing the humidifier when the humidity rises to a humidity set value-deviation in the humidification process; and in the process, the air temperature and the humidity of the room are regulated to ensure that the environment meets the working requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the system can automatically adjust the running state of the equipment according to the positive and negative pressure mode, positive and negative pressure parameters and greenhouse humidity parameters; the integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system for the medical ward can perform fresh air quantity adjustment, primary and middle efficiency filtration, temperature and humidity adjustment, efficient filtration and ultraviolet disinfection, and can realize the rapid conversion of positive pressure and negative pressure of medical environment. The multipurpose of medical environment is increased, and the emergency coping capability can be satisfied.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is: an air conditioning system diagram for automatic positive and negative pressure conversion of medical ward integration type;
fig. 2 is: medical integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner structure enlarged view;
fig. 3 is: an enlarged structure diagram of the refrigeration-heating-humidifying section;
fig. 4 is: an enlarged view of the structure of the blower section;
fig. 5 is: an enlarged view of the structure of the medical integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection purification exhaust unit;
fig. 6 is: an enlarged view of the ultraviolet sterilization section structure;
fig. 7 is: an enlarged view of the structure of the exhaust fan section;
fig. 8 is: a positive-negative pressure automatic switching controller;
fig. 9 is: a ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method control flow chart;
fig. 10 is: the temperature and humidity of ward air are adjusted.
Reference numerals illustrate: ward 1, positive-negative pressure automatic switching sterilizing and purifying exhaust unit 2, exhaust ultraviolet sterilizing section 201, middle high efficiency filtering section 202, exhaust fan section 203, middle high efficiency filter 204, exhaust inlet 205, exhaust ultraviolet sterilizing device 206, exhaust fan 207, exhaust fan frequency converter 208, exhaust outlet 209, integrated positive-negative pressure automatic switching control box 3, main switch 301, positive-pressure mode switch 302, negative-pressure mode switch 303, blower button 304, fresh air valve button 305, exhaust fan button 306, exhaust fan frequency converter button 307, blower ultraviolet sterilizing device button 308, exhaust ultraviolet sterilizing device button 309, display 3010, compressor 4, condensing fan 5, mixing section 6, primary-middle efficiency filtering section 7, refrigerating-heating-humidifying section 8, blower section 9, high efficiency filtering section 10, air outlet and ultraviolet sterilizing section 11, air conditioner return inlet 12, outdoor air inlet 13, primary-middle efficiency filter 14, high efficiency filter 15, blower ultraviolet sterilizing device 16, air conditioner outlet 17, refrigerating coil 18, electric heater 19, humidifier 20, blower 21, valve 22, temperature sensor 23, humidity sensor 24, humidity sensor 25, fresh air inlet duct 29, fresh air duct 30, fresh air inlet duct 30, fresh air duct 30.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, as shown in fig. 1, a medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method; the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system is adopted, and comprises a ward 1, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit 2 and an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box 3, wherein the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner comprises an air conditioning outdoor part and an air conditioning indoor part, the air conditioning outdoor part comprises a compressor 4 and a condensing fan 5, the air conditioning outdoor part and the air conditioning indoor and outdoor parts are communicated through pipelines, and the communication method is a conventional technology and is not repeated;
as shown in fig. 2, the indoor part of the air conditioner comprises a mixing section 6, a primary and middle-effect filtering section 7, a refrigerating-heating-humidifying section 8, a blower section 9, a high-effect filtering section 10, an air outlet and ultraviolet sterilization section 11 which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the left end of the mixing section 6 is provided with an air conditioner return air inlet 12, the upper end of the mixing section 6 is provided with an outdoor air inlet 13, and the air conditioner return air and the outdoor air are mixed in the mixing section 6; the left side of the primary and secondary filter section 7 is provided with a primary and secondary filter 14; the efficient filter section 10 is provided with an efficient filter 15, and the air outlet and ultraviolet sterilization section 11 is provided with an air supply ultraviolet sterilization device 16 and an air conditioner fresh air outlet 17;
as shown in fig. 3, the refrigerating-heating-humidifying section 8 is provided with a refrigerating coil 18, an electric heater 19 and a humidifier 20 in sequence from left to right, the refrigerating coil 18 is communicated with a condensing fan 5 and a compressor 4 at the indoor and outdoor parts of the air conditioner through pipelines, and the condensing fan 5 and the compressor 4 are started to refrigerate and dehumidify the air;
as shown in fig. 4, the blower section 9 is provided with a blower 21 and a fresh air valve 22, and the fresh air valve 22 is adjusted to enable the opening degree of the fresh air valve 22 to meet the requirement of a positive or negative pressure value;
as shown in fig. 5, the positive-negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit 2 comprises an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section 201, a middle-high efficiency filtering section 202 and an exhaust fan 207 section 203; the middle high efficiency filter section 202 is provided with a middle high efficiency filter 204;
as shown in fig. 6, the exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section 201 is provided with an exhaust inlet 205 and an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization device 206 in sequence from left to right;
as shown in fig. 7, the exhaust fan 207 section 203 is provided with an exhaust fan 207, an exhaust fan frequency converter 208 and an exhaust outlet 209 in sequence from left to right; the exhaust fan frequency converter 208 adopts frequency conversion speed regulation control to change the rotating speed of the fan, thereby changing the air quantity of the fan to adapt to the requirements of the production process;
as shown in fig. 8, the integrated positive-negative pressure automatic switching control box 3 includes a main switch 301 of the equipment and appliances disposed on the front side thereof, and a positive pressure mode switch 302, a negative pressure mode switch 303, a blower button 304, a fresh air valve button 305, an exhaust fan button 306, an exhaust fan frequency converter button 307, an air supply ultraviolet disinfection device button 308, an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button 309 and a display 3010 which are electrically connected to the main switch 301 of the equipment and appliances, respectively; the positive pressure mode switch 302 is used for determining a positive pressure mode setting of the ward, and the negative pressure mode switch 303 is used for determining a negative pressure mode setting of the ward 1;
as shown in fig. 8 and 1, the device also comprises a temperature sensor 23, a humidity sensor 24, a pressure sensor 25 and a PLC controller, wherein the model of the PLC controller is cola pco5+; the PLC controller is arranged in the integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion control box 3; the temperature sensor 23, the humidity sensor 24 and the pressure sensor 25 are respectively and electrically connected with a PLC controller, the PLC controller is electrically connected with the display 3010, and real-time data acquired by the temperature sensor 23, the humidity sensor 24 and the pressure sensor 25 can be displayed on the display 3010;
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic switching method includes a negative pressure mode switching step and a positive pressure mode switching step;
1. a step of switching to the negative pressure mode:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical main switch 301;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor 23 and pressure sensor 25 parameters;
(3) Pressing the negative pressure mode switch 303, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion controller to a negative pressure mode, and determining the negative pressure mode setting of the ward; in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure range is 0 to minus 50;
(4) Negative pressure and exhaust air quantity setting values are set on a display 3010 of the controller;
(5) Pressing the exhaust fan button 306, the exhaust fan frequency converter button 307 and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button 309, starting the exhaust fan 207, the exhaust fan frequency converter 208 and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device 206, and controlling the exhaust amount within a set range by adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter 208 to reach a set exhaust amount;
(6) Pressing the blower button 304 and the blower ultraviolet sterilizer button 308 activates the blower 21 and the blower ultraviolet sterilizer 16;
(7) Pressing a fresh air valve button 305, starting the fresh air valve 22, and adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve 22 according to the set negative pressure to meet the requirement of the negative pressure;
(8) Detecting whether the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve 22 until the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, so that the room is in a negative pressure state, preventing polluted air from overflowing into the common room, and eliminating the infection risk of the common room; and the air supply and exhaust are subjected to multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection.
2. A positive pressure mode switching step:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical main switch 301;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor 23 and pressure sensor 25 parameters;
(3) Pressing the positive pressure mode switch 302, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic switching controller to a positive pressure mode, and determining the positive pressure mode setting of the ward; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure range is 0-50;
(4) Setting positive pressure and fresh air volume setting values on a display 3010 of the controller;
(5) Pressing the blower button 304, the fresh air valve button 305 and the blower ultraviolet sterilizing device button 308, starting the blower 21, the fresh air valve 22 and the blower ultraviolet sterilizing device 16, and adjusting the opening of the fresh air valve 22 to enable the fresh air quantity to reach a set value;
(6) Pressing the exhaust fan button 306, the exhaust fan frequency converter button 307 and the exhaust ultraviolet sterilizing device button 309, starting the exhaust fan 207, the exhaust fan frequency converter 208 and the exhaust ultraviolet sterilizing device 206, and adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter 208;
(7) Adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter according to the positive pressure value to enable the exhaust air quantity to meet the requirement of the positive pressure value;
(8) Detecting whether the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter until the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, so that the room is in a positive pressure state, surrounding air is prevented from flowing into the room through a door and window gap, and the infection risk of a patient due to the environment is eliminated; and the air supply and exhaust are subjected to multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection.
As shown in fig. 1, the pipeline comprises a return air pipe 26, an outdoor air inlet pipe 27, a fresh air pipe 28 and an exhaust pipe 29; an indoor air return port 30 is arranged at the left end of the ward 1, one end of the air return pipe 26 is connected with the indoor air return port 30, and the other end is connected with the air conditioner air return inlet 12; the tail end of the outdoor air inlet pipe 27 is connected with the outdoor air inlet 13; one end of the fresh air pipe 28 is connected with the fresh air outlet 17 of the air conditioner, and the other end of the fresh air pipe 28 is a laminar flow high-efficiency air supply outlet and is communicated with the space in the ward 1; the right-hand member of ward 1 is provided with the air exit, exhaust pipe 29 one end is connected with the air exit, and the other end of exhaust pipe 29 is connected with the import 205 of exhaust fan 207 group.
As shown in fig. 1, in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure mode is determined, and negative pressure values are defined as-5 Pa, -10Pa, -15Pa or-20 Pa according to purposes; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value is set to +5Pa or +8Pa according to the application.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 temperature sensors 23 are respectively arranged in an outdoor air inlet pipe 27, a fresh air pipe 28 and a ward 1; the number of the humidity sensors 24 is 3, and the humidity sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe 27, the fresh air pipe 28 and the ward 1; the number of the pressure sensors 25 is 2, and the pressure sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe 27 and the ward 1; the temperature and humidity sensor 24 is model number QFM2160 and the pressure sensor 25 is model number QBM2030-5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the primary and secondary filter 14 and the intermediate and high-efficiency filter 204 are respectively a primary and a secondary and a high-efficiency filter 15; the product model of the primary filter is a primary filter G4, the product model of the intermediate filter is an intermediate filter bag type F8, and the product model of the high-efficiency filter 15 is a high-efficiency filter 15HV combined type H11-H14.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 7, the product specification of the fresh air valve 22 is 400×400 of an aluminum alloy electric air valve; the exhaust fan frequency converter 208 is a VFD.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fresh air quantity is 60m per person according to the number of people in the room 3 H (cubic meters per hour).
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, and 10, the temperature and humidity of the indoor air can also be adjusted; the indoor temperature is greater than the set temperature plus deviation, and the condensing fan 5 and the compressor 4 are started to cool the air; the indoor humidity is greater than the set humidity and the deviation, and the condensing fan 5 and the compressor 4 are also started to refrigerate and dehumidify the air, so that the refrigeration has the dual functions of cooling and dehumidifying; when the indoor temperature is less than or equal to the set temperature, starting electric heating to heat, and when the temperature is heated to the set temperature-deviation, stopping the electric heating; sampling the parameters of a humidity sensor 24, starting a humidifier 20 to humidify the air when the indoor humidity is less than or equal to the set humidity, and closing the humidifier 20 when the humidity rises to a humidity set value-deviation in the humidification process; and in the process, the air temperature and the humidity of the room are regulated to ensure that the environment meets the working requirements.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and common variations and substitutions by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method for the medical ward is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioning system comprises a ward or an operating room, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner, a positive and negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit and an integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box, wherein the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion air conditioner comprises an air conditioning outdoor part and an air conditioning indoor part, the air conditioning outdoor part comprises a compressor and a condensing fan, and the air conditioning outdoor part is communicated with the air conditioning indoor part and the air conditioning indoor part through pipelines;
the indoor part of the air conditioner comprises a mixing section, an initial medium-efficiency filtering section, a refrigeration-heating-humidifying section, a blower section, a high-efficiency filtering section, an air outlet and an ultraviolet sterilization section which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the left end of the mixing section is provided with an air conditioner return air inlet, the upper end of the mixing section is provided with an outdoor air inlet, and the air conditioner return air and the outdoor air are mixed in the mixing section; the left side of the primary and secondary filter section is provided with a primary and secondary filter; the air outlet and ultraviolet sterilization section is provided with an air supply ultraviolet sterilization device and an air conditioner fresh air outlet;
the refrigerating-heating-humidifying section is sequentially provided with a refrigerating coil, an electric heater and a humidifier from left to right, the refrigerating coil is communicated with a condensing fan and a compressor at the indoor and outdoor parts of the air conditioner through pipelines, and the condensing fan and the compressor are started to refrigerate and dehumidify the air;
the air feeder section is provided with an air feeder and a fresh air valve, and the fresh air valve is regulated, so that the opening of the fresh air valve meets the requirements of positive or negative pressure values;
the positive-negative pressure automatic conversion disinfection and purification exhaust unit comprises an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section, a middle-high efficiency filtering section and an exhaust fan section; the medium-high efficiency filter section is provided with a medium-high efficiency filter;
the exhaust ultraviolet sterilization section is provided with an exhaust inlet and an exhaust ultraviolet sterilization device from left to right in sequence;
the exhaust fan section is sequentially provided with an exhaust fan, an exhaust fan frequency converter and an exhaust outlet from left to right; the exhaust fan frequency converter adopts variable frequency speed regulation control to change the rotating speed of the fan so as to change the air quantity of the fan;
the integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box comprises an equipment electric appliance main switch arranged on the front side of the integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion control box, and a positive pressure mode switch, a negative pressure mode switch, a blower button, a fresh air valve button, an exhaust fan frequency converter button, an air supply ultraviolet disinfection device button, an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button and a display which are respectively and electrically connected with the equipment electric appliance main switch; the positive pressure mode switch is used for determining the positive pressure mode setting of the ward, and the negative pressure mode switch is used for determining the negative pressure mode setting of the ward;
the system also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a PLC controller; the PLC is arranged in an integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion control box; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC, the PLC is electrically connected with the display, and real-time data acquired by the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor can be displayed on the display;
the medical ward integrated positive and negative pressure automatic conversion method comprises a step of converting to a negative pressure mode and a step of converting to a positive pressure mode;
1. a step of switching to the negative pressure mode:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical appliance main switch;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor and pressure sensor parameters;
(3) Pressing a negative pressure mode switch, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion controller to a negative pressure mode, and determining the negative pressure mode setting of a ward; in the negative pressure mode, the negative pressure range is 0 to minus 50;
(4) Setting negative pressure and exhaust air quantity setting values on a display of a controller;
(5) Pressing an exhaust fan button, an exhaust fan frequency converter button and an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting an exhaust fan, an exhaust fan frequency converter and an exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device, and controlling the exhaust amount within a set range by adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter to reach the set exhaust amount;
(6) Pressing a blower button and a blowing ultraviolet sterilizing device button, and starting the blower and the blowing ultraviolet sterilizing device;
(7) Pressing a fresh air valve button, starting a fresh air valve, and adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve according to the set negative pressure to meet the requirement of the negative pressure;
(8) Detecting whether the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the opening degree of the fresh air valve until the negative pressure value meets the negative pressure requirement, so that the room is in a negative pressure state, preventing polluted air from overflowing into the common room, and eliminating the infection risk of the common room; and carrying out multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization on the air supplied and exhausted;
2. a positive pressure mode switching step:
(1) Powering up the equipment and starting an equipment electrical appliance main switch;
(2) Sampling temperature sensor and pressure sensor parameters;
(3) Pressing a positive pressure mode switch, adjusting the positive and negative pressure automatic conversion controller to a positive pressure mode, and determining the positive pressure mode setting of a ward; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure range is 0-50;
(4) Setting positive pressure and fresh air quantity setting values on a display of a controller;
(5) Pressing a blower button, a fresh air valve button and a blowing ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting the blower, the fresh air valve and the blowing ultraviolet disinfection device, and adjusting the opening of the fresh air valve to enable the fresh air quantity to reach a set value;
(6) Pressing the exhaust fan button, the exhaust fan frequency converter button and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device button, starting the exhaust fan, the exhaust fan frequency converter and the exhaust ultraviolet disinfection device, and adjusting the exhaust fan frequency converter;
(7) Adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter according to the positive pressure value to enable the exhaust air quantity to meet the requirement of the positive pressure value;
(8) Detecting whether the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, if not, continuously adjusting the power frequency of the frequency converter until the positive pressure value meets the positive pressure requirement, so that the room is in a positive pressure state, surrounding air is prevented from flowing into the room through a door and window gap, and the infection risk of a patient due to the environment is eliminated; and the air supply and exhaust are subjected to multistage filtration and ultraviolet disinfection.
2. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the pipeline comprises a return air pipe, an outdoor air inlet pipe, a new air pipe and an exhaust pipe; an indoor return air inlet is arranged at the left end of the ward, one end of the return air pipe is connected with the indoor return air inlet, and the other end of the return air pipe is connected with the air conditioner return air inlet; the tail end of the outdoor air inlet pipe is connected with an outdoor air inlet; one end of the fresh air pipe is connected with a fresh air outlet of the air conditioner, and the other end of the fresh air pipe is a laminar flow high-efficiency air supply outlet and is communicated with the space in a ward; the ward right-hand member is provided with the air exit, exhaust pipe one end is connected with the air exit, and the exhaust pipe other end is connected with the exhaust inlet of exhaust unit.
3. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: determining a negative pressure mode, wherein the negative pressure mode is used for defining negative pressure values as-5 Pa, -10Pa, -15Pa or-20 Pa according to the application; in the positive pressure mode, the positive pressure value is set to +5Pa or +8Pa according to the application.
4. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the temperature sensors is 3, and the temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe, the new air pipe and the ward; the number of the humidity sensors is 3, and the humidity sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe, the new air pipe and the ward; the number of the pressure sensors is 2, and the pressure sensors are respectively arranged in the outdoor air inlet pipe and the ward; the temperature and humidity sensor is QFM2160 and the pressure sensor is QBM2030-5.
5. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the primary and medium-efficiency filters are primary and medium-efficiency filters, and the medium-efficiency and high-efficiency filters are medium-efficiency and high-efficiency filters; the product model of the primary filter is a primary filter G4, the product model of the intermediate filter is an intermediate filter bag type F8, and the product model of the high-efficiency filter is a high-efficiency filter HV combined type H11-H14.
6. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the product specification of the fresh air valve is 400 x 400 of an aluminum alloy electric air valve; the exhaust fan frequency converter is of a product model of a frequency converter VFD.
7. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the fresh air quantity is 60m for each person according to the number of the persons in the room 3 /H。
8. The medical ward integrated positive-negative pressure automatic conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature and the humidity of indoor air can be adjusted; the indoor temperature is greater than the set temperature plus deviation, and a condensing fan and a compressor are started to cool the air; the indoor humidity is greater than the set humidity and the deviation, and the condensing fan and the compressor are started to cool and dehumidify the air, so that the cooling and dehumidifying effects are achieved; when the indoor temperature is less than or equal to the set temperature, starting electric heating to heat, and when the temperature is heated to the set temperature-deviation, stopping the electric heating; and sampling humidity sensor parameters, starting a humidifier to humidify the air when the indoor humidity is less than or equal to the set humidity, and closing the humidifier when the humidity rises to a humidity set value-deviation in the humidification process.
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| CN117404738B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏环亚医用科技集团股份有限公司 | Be applied to positive negative pressure operating room with modularization auto-change over device |
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| CN112611049B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-01-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-temperature negative-pressure ventilation sterilizer and sterilization method thereof |
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| CN104896624A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-09 | 北京城建六建设集团有限公司 | Operating room with positive pressure and negative pressure conversion function |
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