CN114810884A

CN114810884A - Linear wave spring

Info

Publication number: CN114810884A
Application number: CN202210734338.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 季乐; 李中国
Original assignee: Changzhou Sanzhong Elastic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Sanzhong Elastic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-27
Filing date: 2022-06-27
Publication date: 2022-07-29

Abstract

The invention provides a linear wave reed, comprising: the annular plate body is formed into a circular ring with alternately connected V-shaped linear waves and inverted V-shaped linear waves by alternately connecting wave crests and wave troughs along the circumferential direction through a plurality of connecting parts, the wave crests protrude along one axial side, and the wave troughs protrude towards the other axial side; the overlook cross-section of connecting portion is the arc, and the side-looking cross-section is the rectangle. The force value characteristic of the linear wave spring provided by the invention is equivalent to that of the traditional wave spring, the spring failure risk caused by overload can be effectively avoided, and the working stability of the mechanism where the linear wave spring is located is greatly improved. In addition, compared with the traditional wave spring, the linear wave spring can bear larger pressure load during production, namely, the material strength is more fully utilized.

Description

Linear wave spring

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wave springs, in particular to a linear wave spring.

Background

The wave spring is an elastic element with a plurality of peaks and valleys on a metal thin circular ring. The waveform of the traditional wave spring is generally sine wave, circular arc wave or quadratic curve wave, and the traditional wave spring is usually applied to occasions that the load and the deformation are not large, the spring stiffness is required to be small, and the axial pre-pressure is required to be applied. However, there is a certain possibility that the wave spring will be overloaded when it is operated. As shown in fig. 1A, when an overload occurs, the wave spring 100 becomes a plastic hinge with the wave crests 110, the wave troughs 120 and the wave troughs 130 as maximum stress portions, the wave spring 100 rotates around the wave crests 110, the wave troughs 120 and the wave troughs 130 as the plastic hinge to be plastically deformed, and the deformation cannot be completely restored. As shown in fig. 1B, when unloaded, the wave spring 100

forms peaks

111 and 112 and valleys 121 and 131, i.e. the distance between the peaks and valleys changes, so that the stiffness characteristic of the wave spring 100 changes, thereby affecting the normal operation of the mechanism in which the wave spring 100 is located. In addition, when the traditional wave spring is subjected to final shaping of forced compression treatment, in order to avoid deformation as shown in fig. 1B, the forced compression load is generally small, so that the obtained residual stress is small, and the utilization of the material strength is insufficient.

Therefore, a novel wave spring is developed and designed, the force value characteristic of the traditional wave spring can be kept, the risk of spring failure caused by overload can be avoided, meanwhile, the strength of the material can be fully utilized, and the technical problem to be solved in the field is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a linear wave spring which can effectively avoid the risk of spring failure caused by overload and can fully utilize the strength of materials.

In order to achieve the above objects and other objects, the present invention includes the following technical solutions: the invention provides a linear wave reed, which is characterized by comprising: the annular plate body is formed into a circular ring with alternately connected V-shaped linear waves and inverted V-shaped linear waves by alternately connecting wave crests and wave troughs along the circumferential direction through a plurality of connecting parts, the wave crests protrude along one axial side, and the wave troughs protrude towards the other axial side; the overlook cross-section of connecting portion is the arc, looks sideways at the cross-section and is the rectangle.

In one embodiment, the peaks and valleys have an arcuate top and side cross-section.

In one embodiment, all the peaks or valleys of the annular plate are on the same horizontal plane.

In one embodiment, the annular plate is made of spring steel or stainless steel.

The force value characteristic of the linear wave spring provided by the invention is equivalent to that of the traditional wave spring, and compared with the traditional wave spring, the linear wave spring can effectively avoid the risk of spring failure caused by overload and improve the working stability of a mechanism where the linear wave spring is located. In addition, compared with the traditional wave spring, the linear wave spring can bear larger strong pressure load during production, namely, the utilization of the material strength is more sufficient.

Drawings

Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a prior art wave spring before overload operation.

Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating a deformation of a wave spring after overload operation in the prior art.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of a linear wave spring according to the invention, viewed from the radial direction.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a linear wave spring according to the present invention as viewed from the axial direction.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing deformation of a linear wave spring during overload operation or a high-load high-pressure process according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Please refer to fig. 2 to 4. The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a linear wave spring 200, and the wave spring 200 according to the present embodiment includes an annular plate 210 centered on a central axis O. Here, in the present embodiment, the direction along the central axis O is referred to as an axial direction. Referring to fig. 3, in a plan view seen in the axial direction, a direction perpendicular to the central axis O is referred to as a radial direction, and a direction rotating around the central axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.

The wave spring 200 of the present embodiment is disposed in, for example, a damper unit, a flywheel unit, a differential unit, a clutch unit, and the like of a vehicle. The wave spring 200 is made of a plate material such as an elastically deformable metal by a press working process, and the material of the wave spring 200 may be spring steel or stainless steel, such as 50CrV, 65Mn, or the like. In the wave spring 200, a metal material having a width in the radial direction and having a flat cross section, such as a stainless steel material, is preferably used as the plate material. The wave spring 200 may also be made of other materials and by processing methods.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 shows a side view of the wave spring 200 as viewed from the radial direction, and fig. 3 shows a plan view of the wave spring 200 as viewed from the axial direction. The annular plate 210 is formed by alternately connecting peaks 211 and valleys 212 in a circumferential direction, the peaks 211 protrude from one side in an axial direction, the valleys 212 protrude from the other side, the peaks 211 and the valleys 212 are connected by a connection part 213, and the connection part 213 has an arc-shaped top cross section and a rectangular side cross section (see fig. 4), so that the annular plate 210 is formed as a circular ring in which V-shaped linear waves and inverted V-shaped linear waves are alternately connected. Further, the top-view cross section and the side-view cross section of the wave peak 211 and the wave trough 212 are both arc-shaped, so that the connection quality of the wave peak 211 and the wave trough 212 and the connection part 213 is higher, and the mechanical property of the wave spring 200 is better.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the wave spring 200 has a certain free height H and can withstand a pressure in the thickness direction, and the wave shape is compressed to be short, thereby resisting the pressure. All the wave crests 211 or wave troughs 212 on the annular plate body 210 are on the same horizontal plane.

As shown in fig. 4, when an overload occurs, the wave crest 211 and the wave trough 212 of the wave spring 200 respectively contact with an upper mechanism and a lower mechanism (not shown in the figure), form a plastic hinge and are plastically deformed, but the contact position of the wave spring 200 with the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism is still at the wave crest 211 and the wave trough 212, i.e. the distance between the wave crest and the wave trough is kept constant, and the effectiveness of the wave spring 200 is maintained.

Meanwhile, through finite element model analysis, taking a wave spring with the outer diameter of 70.80mm, the inner diameter of 60.80mm, the thickness of 0.53mm, the free height H of 3.90mm and the wave number of 5 as an example, when the wave spring is compressed by 1.90mm, the force value of a traditional wave spring is 260N, and the maximum stress is 1584 MPa; under the same condition, the force value of the wave spring 200 only changing the waveform is 258N, the maximum stress is 1533Mpa, and the mechanical properties of the two are similar. Therefore, the force value characteristic of the wave spring 200 which only changes the waveform is retained, and compared with the traditional wave spring, the wave spring 200 can effectively avoid the risk of spring failure caused by overload, and the working stability of the mechanism where the wave spring 200 is located is ensured.

In addition, in order to prevent the conventional wave spring from deforming as shown in fig. 1B during the final shape forming process by the high-pressure treatment, a low-load high-pressure process is generally used, and the residual stress obtained after the high-pressure treatment is small, so that the maximum stress (allowable stress) that can be borne by the conventional wave spring is the tensile strength σ B. As shown in fig. 4, when a high-load high-pressure process is adopted, the contact point between the wave crest 211 and the wave trough 212 of the wave spring 200 is always unchanged, and therefore, the high-pressure load that the wave spring 200 can bear when subjected to high-pressure processing is larger. Taking a wave spring with an outer diameter of 70.80mm, an inner diameter of 60.80mm, a thickness of 0.53mm, a free height H of 3.90mm, and a wave number of 5 as an example, the maximum strong pressure load of the conventional wave spring is about 335N, which can obtain an allowable stress of 1600Mpa, and the maximum strong pressure load of the wave spring 200 is about 481N, which can obtain an allowable stress of 2400 Mpa.

Therefore, the wave spring 200, which changes only the wave shape, can obtain a residual stress of about 0.5 σ b, compared to the conventional wave spring having a permissible stress σ b, which can be up to 1.5 σ b, 1.5 times the permissible stress of the conventional wave spring. And the greater bearing capacity means that the strength of the material is fully utilized, so that the wave spring 200 can fully utilize the strength of the material and save about 1/3 of the material compared with the conventional wave spring.

Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value. The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linear wave reed, comprising:

the annular plate body is formed into a circular ring with alternately connected V-shaped linear waves and inverted V-shaped linear waves by alternately connecting wave crests and wave troughs along the circumferential direction through a plurality of connecting parts, the wave crests protrude along one axial side, and the wave troughs protrude towards the other axial side;

the overlook cross-section of connecting portion is the arc, looks sideways at the cross-section and is the rectangle.

2. The linear wave reed of claim 1, wherein the peaks and valleys are arcuate in both top and side cross-sections.

3. A linear wave reed as claimed in claim 1 wherein all of said peaks or troughs of said annular plate are in the same horizontal plane.

4. The linear wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annular plate is made of spring steel or stainless steel.