CN114807566B - Multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace - Google Patents
Multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807566B CN114807566B CN202210479345.4A CN202210479345A CN114807566B CN 114807566 B CN114807566 B CN 114807566B CN 202210479345 A CN202210479345 A CN 202210479345A CN 114807566 B CN114807566 B CN 114807566B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace; the furnace comprises a furnace body, an execution unit and a sealing mechanism, wherein the sealing mechanism is respectively arranged at the contact position of the furnace body and the execution unit and the contact position of the furnace cover and a furnace shell, and comprises one or more of an inner ring facing the center of the furnace body and an outer ring facing the surface of the furnace body; after the furnace shell and the furnace cover are closed, the execution unit operates, and in the heating process of the heat treatment process, the inner ring and the outer ring in the sealing mechanism respectively play a role in sealing under different temperature conditions of the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body; according to the invention, the inner ring and the outer ring are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body for sealing, and the heat insulation sealing effect on the high-temperature furnace body is realized through the different heat resistance and sealing performance of the ceramic fiber of the inner ring and the silica gel strip of the outer ring, so that the problem of insufficient sealing performance of the heat treatment furnace after the muffle structure is canceled is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment furnaces, in particular to a multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace.
Background
In order to ensure that the metal workpiece has better mechanical property, physical property and chemical property, the service performance of the workpiece is often improved by heat treatment; in order to ensure the heat treatment effect of the parts, the parts are required to be heated in a specific atmosphere environment, and a furnace liner (commonly called a muffle tank) is generally adopted to realize sealing; the muffle tank is in a high-temperature environment above 930 ℃ for a long time in a carburizing process, the working environment is bad, and the heat-resistant steel is easy to deform and corrode carbon when working for a long time under the temperature and carbon potential atmosphere, so that the service life is short.
The situation forces the muffle tank to be a vulnerable part, and a great amount of heat-resistant steel can be lost and a great amount of production time can be wasted after each maintenance and replacement of the muffle tank, so that the heat treatment production efficiency is seriously affected. In addition, due to the existence of the muffle tank, the thermal inertia of the furnace is large, the temperature in the furnace is difficult to reach a preset value quickly, and the energy consumption of the heat treatment furnace is too high.
Chinese patent application No. 201210555542.6 discloses a vertical muffle-free stainless steel continuous annealing furnace employing combustion heating. Furnace rollers which are used for conveying stainless steel plates and distributed in a staggered manner are arranged in the furnace body, and radiant tubes are arranged on two sides of the stainless steel plates conveyed along the furnace rollers; one end of the radiant tube is provided with a smoke outlet, the other end of the radiant tube is provided with an ignition and duty burner and a main burner which are communicated with each other, the ignition and duty burner is correspondingly communicated with a duty burner fuel inlet and a duty burner wind inlet, and the main burner is communicated with the main fuel inlet; the furnace body is provided with a protective gas inlet and a protective gas outlet. In the scheme, the fuel is not combusted in the furnace but combusted in the radiant tube, and no muffle is used for replacing the annealing furnace, so that the overhaul interval time of the annealing furnace is prolonged.
However, in this technical scheme, although the overhaul time of the heat treatment furnace is prolonged by eliminating the muffle, the sealing and heat-insulating performance of the heat treatment furnace is not improved, and heat overflows from a poor sealing position in the hearth, so that the improvement effect on the energy consumption of the heat treatment furnace is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace, which is characterized in that an inner ring and an outer ring are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of a furnace body for sealing, and the heat-insulating sealing effect on a high-temperature furnace body is realized through the different heat resistance and sealing performance of ceramic fibers of the inner ring and silica gel strips of the outer ring, so that the problem of insufficient sealing performance of a heat treatment furnace after a muffle structure is canceled is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a multi-functional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace comprising:
the furnace body comprises a furnace shell and a furnace cover which are detachably arranged;
the execution unit is arranged on the furnace body and is used for realizing the heat treatment process of the furnace body, and the execution unit also comprises a furnace lining arranged on the inner side of the furnace body and a lifting device arranged on the outer side of the furnace body; the execution unit comprises a instilling device, a sampling device, an exhaust device, a thermocouple, an oxygen probe and a fan which are arranged on the furnace body;
the sealing mechanism is respectively arranged at the contact position of the furnace body and the execution unit and the contact position of the furnace cover and the furnace shell, and comprises one or more of an inner ring facing the center of the furnace body and an outer ring facing the surface of the furnace body;
after the furnace shell and the furnace cover are closed, the execution unit operates, and in the heating process of the heat treatment process, the inner ring and the outer ring in the sealing mechanism respectively play a role in sealing under different temperature conditions of the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body.
Further, the furnace body comprises an expansion space which is arranged in the furnace body and corresponds to the positions of the inner ring and the outer ring, and the expansion space enables the furnace body, the inner ring and the outer ring to be in contact state from a gap state in the process that the furnace body reaches the heat treatment process temperature.
Further, the expansion space below the inner ring and the outer ring is arranged in a concave manner; and the volume of the expansion space corresponding to the inner ring and the curvature of the cross section outline of the expansion space corresponding to the inner ring are larger than the volume of the expansion space corresponding to the outer ring and the curvature of the cross section outline of the expansion space corresponding to the outer ring.
Preferably, the furnace shell further comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged on the side wall of the furnace shell, and the supporting part is uniformly arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the furnace shell; the supporting part and the upper end surface of the furnace shell jointly support the furnace cover in a closed state.
Further, the furnace lining includes:
the supporting layer is arranged on one side of the inner wall of the furnace body in a bonding way;
a heat-resistant layer arranged on one side facing the center of the furnace body;
the connecting layer is fixedly arranged between the supporting layer and the heat-resistant layer and comprises a plurality of phase change material layers which are stacked.
As one preferred, the phase change material layer provided in a stack includes:
the axial phase change part elastically stretches along the axial direction of the axial phase change part;
the radial phase change part elastically stretches along the radial direction of the radial phase change part;
the axial phase change parts and the radial phase change parts are mutually staggered to form a phase change material layer, and the axial phase change parts and the radial phase change parts are filled with phase change materials with different densities.
Still further, still include the expansion and contraction portion that arranges in the supporting layer outside, expansion and contraction portion corresponds the bell with the contact surface position of stove outer covering, expansion and contraction portion is wedge setting's thermal expansion material.
Further, the furnace further comprises one or more of a radiation type heat source fixedly hung on the furnace lining or a convection type heat source hung in the furnace body, and the radiation type heat source and the convection type heat source are arranged in a partition mode along the gravity direction of the furnace body;
the radiant heat source includes:
the hanging parts are fixedly arranged on the furnace lining in a distributed manner;
the brick nails are fixedly arranged on the hanging parts and face the side wall of the furnace body and are used for being connected to the furnace lining;
the cap body is fixedly arranged on one side of the hanging part, which faces the center of the furnace body; and
the electric heating element is arranged on the cap body of the hanging part.
As a preferred embodiment, the tile is provided for a barrel structure, the tile comprising:
the elastic part is sleeved in the threaded section of the brick nail in a sliding way;
the abutting part is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the elastic part facing the furnace lining;
after the brick nail is installed on the furnace lining, the abutting part is in contact with the connecting layer in the furnace lining, and the expansion of the phase change material layer in the connecting layer is transmitted to the elastic part through the abutting part, so that the brick nail drives the hanging part to act, and the running state of the hanging part corresponding to the electric heating element is synchronously changed.
Further, the convection type heat source comprises a hollow tube which is arranged in the furnace body in a serpentine or spiral manner and is used for circulating heating gas, and the surface of the hollow tube on the outer side in the circumferential direction is provided with an orifice.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the inner ring and the outer ring are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body for sealing, and the heat preservation sealing effect on the high-temperature furnace body is realized through the different heat resistance and sealing performance of the ceramic fiber of the inner ring and the silica gel strip of the outer ring.
(2) The invention utilizes the expansion space arranged in the furnace body, is used for reducing the interference of thermal expansion of furnace body materials to the materials of the sealing mechanism in the heating process, and prolongs the service life of the inner ring and the outer ring on the premise of keeping the sealing performance of the inner ring and the outer ring.
(3) The invention uses the supporting parts uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body to support the weight of the furnace cover together with the furnace shell, so that the furnace shell with a thinner wall thickness meets the requirement of use strength under the condition of reducing the heat storage capacity of the furnace shell, and then the furnace body with a thinner wall thickness reduces the heat storage loss of the furnace body.
(4) The invention utilizes the temperature change in the furnace lining to realize the expansion and contraction deformation of the axial phase change part and the radial phase change part in a single direction, and fixes a plurality of phase change parts which are staggered and stacked in corresponding areas in the phase change material layer, so that the expansion and contraction process of the phase change material layer serving as a phase change material filler carrier is in a stable state; thereby keeping the profile of the expansion deformation of the furnace lining in the process of opening and closing the furnace cover and the furnace shell in a controllable range.
(5) The invention utilizes the hollow tube arranged in the furnace body to exchange heat with the workpiece by matching with the heating gas of forced convection, saves the heat-resistant steel required by manufacturing the muffle tank, reduces the heat treatment time, saves the electric energy, reduces the equipment installation and maintenance cost, and improves the equipment temperature control precision and the temperature control rate.
In summary, the invention has the advantages of avoiding the consumption of periodically replacing the muffle tank, saving energy consumption and the like in the muffle-free heat treatment technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom view of the furnace cover and furnace shell structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the furnace structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the furnace lining structure of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a radiant heat source according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;
in the figure: 1. a furnace body; 10. an expansion space; 11. a furnace shell; 111. a support part; 12. a furnace cover; 2. an execution unit; 20. a furnace lining; 201. a support layer; 2011. an expanding and contracting part; 202. a heat-resistant layer; 203. a connection layer; 2031. an axial phase transition; 2032. a radial phase change portion; 21. a lifting device; 3. a sealing mechanism; 31. an inner ring; 32. an outer ring; 41. a radiant heat source; 411. a hanging part; 412. nailing bricks; 4121. an elastic part; 4122. an abutting portion; 413. a cap body; 414. an electric heating element; 42. a convection heat source; 421. a hollow tube; 422. an orifice.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3 and 7, a multifunctional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace according to this embodiment includes:
the furnace body 1, the said furnace body 1 includes the furnace shell 11 that can be dismantled and installed and furnace cover 12;
the execution unit 2 is arranged on the furnace body 1, and the execution unit 2 is used for realizing the heat treatment process of the furnace body 1 and also comprises a furnace lining 20 arranged on the inner side of the furnace body 1 and a lifting device 21 arranged on the outer side of the furnace body 1; the execution unit 2 comprises a instilling device, a sampling device, an exhaust device, a thermocouple, an oxygen probe and a fan which are arranged on the furnace body 1;
a sealing mechanism 3, wherein the sealing mechanism 3 is respectively arranged at the contact position of the furnace body 1 and the execution unit 2 and the contact position of the furnace cover 12 and the furnace shell 11, and the sealing mechanism 3 comprises one or more of an inner ring 31 facing the center of the furnace body 1 and an outer ring 32 facing the surface of the furnace body 1;
after the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12 are closed, the execution unit 2 operates, and in the heating process of the heat treatment process, the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 in the sealing mechanism 3 respectively play a role in sealing under different temperature conditions of the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body 1.
In the embodiment, when a workpiece is subjected to a heat treatment process, the tightness of the furnace body 1 also affects the energy consumption level, and the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body 1 to seal, wherein the inner ring 31 is sealed by adopting square high-temperature ceramic fiber braiding belts, high-temperature heat-resistant steel wires are mixed in the braiding to increase the strength, and the outer ring 32 adopts high-temperature-resistant silica gel strips; utilize ceramic fiber and silica gel strip different heat resistance and sealing performance, on the one hand ceramic fiber's intensity plays the supporting role and avoids the silica gel strip to receive the too big gravity extrusion of bell 12 to destroy, on the other hand silica gel strip better deformation performance ensures the sealed effect of contact surface in the furnace body 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2-4 and 7-8, the furnace further comprises an expansion space 10 which is arranged in the furnace body 1 and corresponds to the positions of the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32, and the expansion space 10 changes the gap state between the furnace body 1 and the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 into a contact state in the process that the furnace body 1 reaches the heat treatment process temperature;
in this embodiment, the furnace body 1 is made of a material such as heat-resistant steel, and a small amount of thermal expansion is generated during the heating process of the heat treatment process, for example, during the heating deformation process after the furnace cover 12 and the furnace shell 11 are closed, extra extrusion is generated on the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 in the sealing mechanism 3, so that loss is caused; the expansion space 10 arranged in the furnace body 1 is used for reducing interference between the material of the furnace body 1 and the material of the sealing mechanism 3 in the heat treatment heating process, and prolonging the service life of the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 on the premise of keeping the sealing performance.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2-4 and 7-8, the expansion space 10 below the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 is arranged in a concave manner; and the volume of the inner ring 31 corresponding to the expansion space 10 and the curvature of its cross-sectional profile are larger than the volume of the outer ring 32 corresponding to the expansion space 10 and the curvature of its cross-sectional profile.
In this embodiment, the expansion space 10 is concavely arranged, so that the sealing mechanism 3 between the furnace cover 12 and the furnace shell 11 can be detachably installed in a placement manner, the damaged inner ring 31 or outer ring 32 can be replaced conveniently in time, and the situation that the elastic deformation amount of the rubber material of the outer ring 32 is larger than that of the ceramic fiber material of the inner ring 31 is satisfied by utilizing the differentially arranged expansion space 10, so that the service lives of the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 serving as sealing materials are further prolonged.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-4, the furnace shell further comprises a supporting part 111 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the furnace shell 11, and the supporting part 111 is uniformly arranged on the circumferential outer side of the furnace shell 11; the support 111 supports the lid 12 in a closed state together with the upper end surface of the furnace shell 11.
In this embodiment, the barrel of the furnace shell 11 is integrally roll-formed, double-sided full-welded at the lap joint thereof, and the support part 111 is fixed along the vertical direction of the barrel of the furnace shell 11, for example, welded i-steel reinforcement is provided, and the i-steel is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the barrel; the periphery of the lower part of the plane plate of the furnace cover 12 is mechanically processed at the contact part with the upper panel of the furnace body 1, the roughness and the flatness of the lower surface of the steel plate are increased, the roughness is within Ra6.3, the flatness is controlled within 1 millimeter, so that the lower part of the furnace cover 12 and ceramic fibers and silica gel strips in the sealing mechanism 3 of the furnace shell 11 form effective sealing, and the top end of I-steel of the supporting part 111 is arranged to contact the furnace cover 12, so that the furnace shell 11 with a thinner wall thickness meets the requirement of use strength under the condition of reducing the heat accumulation capacity of the furnace shell 11.
The i-steel fixedly connected to the outer side of the furnace shell 11 as the supporting part 111 is matched with the lifting device 21 at the outer side of the furnace body 1 for transmission connection; the closing between the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12 can be realized by adopting a vertical telescopic compensation type, a horizontal or inclined telescopic compensation type or rotary type sealing mode and the like, and a sealing structure form with high-temperature air tightness can be selected.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2-5, 7, and 9, the furnace lining 20 includes:
a supporting layer 201 which is attached to one side of the inner wall of the furnace body 1;
a heat-resistant layer 202 disposed on a side toward the center of the furnace body 1;
the connection layer 203 is fixedly arranged between the support layer 201 and the heat-resistant layer 202, and the connection layer 203 comprises a plurality of phase change material layers which are stacked.
In this embodiment, the supporting layer 201, such as insulating bricks or heavy bricks built at the bottom of the furnace body 1, the heat-resistant layer 202, such as ceramic fiber module aerogel abutting against the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the connecting layer 203, such as liquid doped with different paraffin components, is in a liquid state during the heating process of the furnace body 1, so that the liquid state has higher heat absorption performance, and meanwhile, good heat conduction effect can be achieved between the bottom and the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the temperature state of the whole furnace lining 20 structure is balanced;
it should be noted that after the heat treatment process for the workpiece is completed, the furnace lining 20 is cooled in the process of opening and closing the furnace cover 12, so that the phase change material in the connecting layer 203 is converted into a solid state, the heat insulation property between the supporting layer 201 and the heat-resistant layer 202 on two sides of the connecting layer 203 in the furnace lining 20 is improved, meanwhile, the connecting layer 203 between the supporting layer 201 and the heat-resistant layer 202 has the variable temperature hysteresis property, so that the phase change material in the connecting layer 203 is solidified and releases heat in the process of switching the heat treatment workpiece for the furnace body 1, the reduction of the temperature of the furnace lining 20 is further reduced, the temperature variation range of the furnace lining 20 in the furnace body 1 is reduced, and the thermal inertia loss is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the phase change material layer in the stacked arrangement includes:
an axial phase transition portion 2031, the axial phase transition portion 2031 elastically expanding and contracting along an axial direction thereof;
a radial phase transition 2032, the radial phase transition 2032 elastically expanding and contracting along a radial direction thereof;
the axial phase-change portion 2031 and the radial phase-change portion 2032 are mutually staggered to form a phase-change material layer, and the axial phase-change portion 2031 and the radial phase-change portion 2032 are filled with phase-change materials with different densities.
In this embodiment, the temperature change in the furnace lining 20 causes the axial phase-change portion 2031 and the radial phase-change portion 2032 to respectively expand and contract in the respective axial direction and the radial direction, for example, the axial surface and the radial surface of the axial phase-change portion 2031 and the radial phase-change portion 2032 respectively adopt silicone rubber portions with different elastic moduli to seal, so as to realize expansion and contraction deformation in a single direction, and further facilitate fixing a plurality of phase-change portions stacked in a staggered manner in corresponding areas in the phase-change material layer, so that the expansion and contraction process of the phase-change material layer serving as a phase-change material filler carrier is in a stable state.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 4-5 and 7, the device further includes a swelling and shrinking portion 2011 disposed outside the supporting layer 201, the swelling and shrinking portion 2011 corresponds to a contact surface position between the furnace cover 12 and the furnace shell 11, and the swelling and shrinking portion 2011 is made of a thermal expansion material disposed in a wedge shape.
In this embodiment, a thermal expansion material such as a wedge-shaped silicone rubber ring is adopted to expand along with the temperature rise of the furnace lining 20 and extend into the gap between the inner ring 31 and the furnace body 1, and is tightly attached between the supporting layer 201 of the furnace lining 20 and the side wall of the furnace body 1, so that the tightness of the inner ring 31 between the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12 is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2 and 4-6, wherein the same or corresponding parts as those in embodiment one are designated by the corresponding reference numerals as in embodiment one, only the points of distinction from embodiment one will be described below for the sake of brevity. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
the furnace further comprises one or more of a radiant heat source 41 fixedly hung on the furnace lining 20 or a convection heat source 42 hung in the furnace body 1, and the radiant heat source 41 and the convection heat source 42 are arranged in a partition manner along the gravity direction of the furnace body 1;
the radiant heat source 41 includes:
the suspension parts 411, a plurality of suspension parts 411 are distributed and fixedly arranged on the furnace lining 20;
the brick nails 412, the brick nails 412 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hanging part 411 facing the furnace body 1 are used for being connected to the furnace lining 20;
a cap 413 fixed on one side of the hanging part 411 facing the center of the furnace body 1; and
an electric heating element 414 is mounted on the cap 413 of the hanging portion 411.
The heat storage loss near the joint of the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12 and at the furnace lining 20 at the bottom of the furnace shell 11 is larger, the hot air flow distribution at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the pit furnace is different, the heating power of a radiant heat source 41 such as an electric heating wire and the heating power of a convection heat source 42 such as flowing hot air are divided into three areas, namely an upper area, a middle area and a lower area, the three areas are independently designed to realize the zonal control, the electric heating wire of the radiant heat source 41 is utilized to rapidly heat, and the circulating air flow in the convection heat source 42 is matched to balance the heat distribution state in the furnace body 1.
In this embodiment, according to the heat treatment process parameters required by the workpiece in the furnace body 1, the installation and arrangement form of the hanging part 411 on the furnace lining 20 is selected, so that the hanging part 411 is rotationally inserted into the fiber material of the heat-resistant layer 202 of the furnace lining 20 through the threads on the brick nails 412 to fix, the partition control of the heat in the furnace body 1 and the convenient installation of the hanging part 411 are realized, and then the electric heating element 414 is clamped on the cap 413 to complete the installation, thereby realizing the heating of the inside of the furnace body 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the tile 412 is provided in a cylindrical structure, and the tile 412 includes:
an elastic portion 4121 slidably sleeved in the threaded section of the tile nail 412;
an abutting portion 4122 fixedly provided at the end of the elastic portion 4121 facing the lining 20;
after the brick 412 is mounted on the furnace lining 20, the abutting portion 4122 is in contact with the connecting layer 203 in the furnace lining 20, and expansion of the phase change material layer in the connecting layer 203 is transferred to the elastic portion 4121 through the abutting portion 4122, so that the brick 412 drives the hanging portion 411 to act, and the running state of the hanging portion 411 corresponding to the electric heating element 414 is synchronously changed.
In this embodiment, when the local temperature of the corresponding hanging portion 411 in the furnace body 1 is too high, the plurality of stacked phase change material layers are in different expansion states, the phase change material layer corresponding to the local high temperature region expands, the position of the elastic portion 4121 slidably mounted in the tubular structure brick 412 is changed by displacement of the abutting portion 4122 in contact with extrusion, and the operation state of the corresponding electric heating element 414 is independently controlled by matching with an element such as a travel switch or a rheostat electrically connected with the electric heating element 414, so as to maintain the temperature balance in the furnace body 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the convection heat source 42 includes a hollow tube 421 arranged in the furnace body 1 in a serpentine or spiral shape, the hollow tube 421 is used for circulating a heating gas, and the hollow tube 421 has an orifice 422 on a surface of a circumferential outer side thereof.
In this embodiment, the forced convection in the furnace body 1 is realized by introducing the heating gas into the hollow tube 421, and the heating gas exchanges heat with the heat-treated workpiece therein, and the heating gas is matched with the opening formed on the surface of the hollow tube 421 to further form local rotational flow or bypass flow in the furnace body 1, so that the uniformity of the atmosphere distribution in the furnace body 1 is enhanced.
Working procedure
When the workpiece is subjected to a heat treatment process, a material adopted by the furnace body 1, such as heat-resistant steel, can generate a trace amount of thermal expansion in the heating process of the heat treatment process, and is used for reducing the interference between the material of the furnace body 1 and the material of the sealing mechanism 3 in the heating process of the heat treatment through an expansion space 10 arranged in the furnace body 1;
the expansion space 10 is arranged in a concave manner, so that the sealing mechanism 3 between the furnace cover 12 and the furnace shell 11 can be detachably installed in a placement mode, I-steel which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the furnace shell 11 and serves as a supporting part 111 is matched with the lifting device 21 on the outer side of the furnace body 1 to be in transmission connection, and the sealing structure forms with high-temperature air tightness in sealing modes such as vertical expansion compensation, horizontal or inclined expansion compensation or rotation can be adopted for closing the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12;
thirdly, according to the heat treatment process parameters required by the workpiece in the furnace body 1, the installation and arrangement mode of the hanging part 411 on the furnace lining 20 is selected, the hanging part 411 is inserted into the fiber material of the heat-resistant layer 202 of the furnace lining 20 to be fixed through the rotation of the threads on the brick nails 412, the partition control of the heat in the furnace body 1 and the convenient installation of the hanging part 411 are realized, and then the electric heating element 414 is clamped on the cap 413 to complete the installation, so that the inside of the furnace body 1 is heated;
step four, when the local temperature of the corresponding hanging part 411 in the furnace body 1 is too high, a plurality of stacked phase change material layers are in different expansion states, the phase change material layers corresponding to the local high temperature area expand, the position of the elastic part 4121 slidably mounted in the tubular structure brick 412 is changed by extruding the displacement of the contact abutting part 4122, and the operation state of the corresponding electric heating element 414 is independently controlled by matching with elements such as a travel switch or a rheostat electrically connected with the electric heating element 414;
fifthly, forced convection in the furnace body 1 is realized by introducing heating gas into the hollow tube 421, heat exchange is performed with a workpiece subjected to heat treatment in the furnace body, and the furnace body is matched with an opening formed on the surface of the hollow tube 421 to further form local rotational flow or bypass flow in the furnace body 1;
step six, after the heat treatment process of the workpiece is completed, the furnace lining 20 is cooled in the process of opening and closing the furnace cover 12, so that the phase change material in the connecting layer 203 is changed into a solid state, the heat insulation property between the supporting layer 201 and the heat-resistant layer 202 on two sides of the connecting layer 203 in the furnace lining 20 is improved, and meanwhile, the connecting layer 203 between the supporting layer 201 and the heat-resistant layer 202 has variable temperature hysteresis, so that the phase change material in the connecting layer 203 is solidified and releases heat in the process of switching the heat treatment workpiece of the furnace body 1.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-functional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace, comprising:
the furnace body comprises a furnace shell and a furnace cover which are detachably arranged;
the execution unit is arranged on the furnace body and is used for realizing the heat treatment process of the furnace body, and the execution unit also comprises a furnace lining arranged on the inner side of the furnace body and a lifting device arranged on the outer side of the furnace body;
the sealing mechanism is respectively arranged at the contact position of the furnace body and the execution unit and the contact position of the furnace cover and the furnace shell, and comprises an inner ring facing the center of the furnace body and an outer ring facing the surface of the furnace body;
the inner ring and the outer ring are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body for sealing, and the heat preservation sealing effect of the high-temperature furnace body is realized through the different heat resistance and sealing performance of ceramic fibers of the inner ring and silica gel strips of the outer ring;
after the furnace shell and the furnace cover are closed, the execution unit operates, and in the heating process of the heat treatment process, the inner ring and the outer ring in the sealing mechanism respectively play a role in sealing under different temperature conditions of the inner side and the outer side of the furnace body;
the expansion space is arranged on the contact surface of the furnace shell and the furnace cover and used for accommodating the inner ring and the outer ring, and the expansion space changes the gap state between the furnace body and the inner ring and the outer ring which are expanded by heating into a contact state in the process that the furnace body reaches the heat treatment process temperature;
the furnace lining comprises:
the supporting layer is arranged on one side of the inner wall of the furnace body in a bonding way;
a heat-resistant layer arranged on one side facing the center of the furnace body;
the connecting layer is fixedly arranged between the supporting layer and the heat-resistant layer and comprises a plurality of phase change material layers which are stacked;
the phase change material layer in a stacked arrangement includes:
the axial phase change part elastically stretches along the axial direction of the axial phase change part;
the radial phase change part elastically stretches along the radial direction of the radial phase change part;
the axial phase change parts and the radial phase change parts are mutually staggered to form a phase change material layer, and the axial phase change parts and the radial phase change parts are filled with phase change materials with different densities.
2. A multi-functional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace according to claim 1, wherein,
the volume of the expansion space corresponding to the inner ring is smaller than that of the expansion space corresponding to the outer ring;
the curvature of the cross section outline of the expansion space corresponding to the inner ring is larger than that of the cross section outline of the expansion space corresponding to the outer ring.
3. The multifunctional well type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a supporting part fixedly arranged on the side wall of the furnace shell, wherein the supporting part is uniformly arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the furnace shell; the supporting part and the furnace shell jointly support the weight of the furnace cover in a closed state.
4. The multifunctional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a swelling portion arranged outside the supporting layer, wherein the swelling portion corresponds to a contact surface position of the furnace cover and the furnace shell, and the swelling portion is a wedge-shaped thermal expansion material.
5. A multi-functional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising one or more of a radiant heat source fixedly suspended from the furnace lining or a convection heat source suspended in the furnace body, and the radiant heat source and the convection heat source being arranged in a partitioned manner along the gravitational direction of the furnace body;
the radiant heat source includes:
the hanging parts are fixedly arranged on the furnace lining in a distributed manner;
the brick nails are fixedly arranged on the hanging parts and face the side wall of the furnace body and are used for being connected to the furnace lining;
the cap body is fixedly arranged on one side of the hanging part, which faces the center of the furnace body; and
the electric heating element is arranged on the cap body of the hanging part.
6. The multi-functional well-type no Ma Fure treatment atmosphere furnace of claim 5, wherein said tile is a cylindrical structure comprising:
the elastic part is sleeved in the threaded section of the brick nail in a sliding way;
the abutting part is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the elastic part facing the furnace lining;
after the brick nail is installed on the furnace lining, the abutting part is in contact with the connecting layer in the furnace lining, and the expansion of the phase change material layer in the connecting layer is transmitted to the elastic part through the abutting part, so that the brick nail drives the hanging part to act, and the running state of the hanging part corresponding to the electric heating element is synchronously changed.
7. The multi-purpose well-type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein the convection type heat source comprises a hollow tube arranged in the furnace body in a serpentine or spiral shape for circulating a heating gas therein, and the hollow tube is provided with an orifice on a surface of a circumferential outer side thereof.
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| CN202210479345.4A CN114807566B (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Multifunctional well type Ma Fure-free treatment atmosphere furnace |
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| CN114807566A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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