CN114806697A - Multiphase composite friction system and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Multiphase composite friction system and construction method thereof Download PDF

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CN114806697A
CN114806697A CN202210543366.8A CN202210543366A CN114806697A CN 114806697 A CN114806697 A CN 114806697A CN 202210543366 A CN202210543366 A CN 202210543366A CN 114806697 A CN114806697 A CN 114806697A
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friction
super
liquid
substrate
lubricating medium
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CN114806697B (en
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周峰
杨武芳
李谋吉
于波
裴小维
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Yantai Zhongke Advanced Materials And Green Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute
Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Yantai Zhongke Advanced Materials And Green Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute
Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/02—Etching
    • C25F3/04—Etching of light metals
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated

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Abstract

The invention provides a multiphase composite friction system and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of mechanical friction. According to the invention, the super-hydrophobic surface and the liquid lubricating medium have super-hydrophobic wettability, the super-hydrophilic surface and the liquid lubricating medium have super-hydrophilic wettability, and under the composite existence of the super-hydrophobic wettability and the super-hydrophilic wettability, an air cushion can be formed between the super-hydrophobic surface and the liquid lubricating medium, so that the solid-liquid contact fraction can be effectively reduced, and the interaction of a solid-liquid interface is replaced by the interaction of an ultra-low gas-liquid interface. Meanwhile, the super-hydrophilic surface is embedded in the hydrophobic surface, a three-phase line diffusion energy barrier can be formed on the boundary of the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic surface has strong adhesion to a liquid lubricating medium, so that the liquid lubricating medium can play a good bearing role in a friction process without leakage or escape, and a multi-phase composite friction system has good dynamic stability.

Description

Multiphase composite friction system and construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical friction, in particular to a multiphase composite friction system and a construction method thereof.
Background
The technical fields of nuclear industry, engineering exploitation, aerospace, ocean engineering, military equipment and the like are continuously developed towards the aspects of intellectualization, high efficiency and low energy consumption, wherein the friction and abrasion of a contact interface greatly limit the normal operation of various equipment and cause a large amount of energy and resource waste. The lubricating system design with ultra-low friction coefficient can significantly reduce the outstanding problems caused by strong interface interaction and contact wear.
Most of traditional mechanical friction systems are solid-liquid composite systems, and the necessary requirements of the system operation process on low friction coefficient are difficult to meet. In response, a special wettability interface arises. The special wettability interface has the adjustable interface wetting, spreading process and boundary sliding phenomena, and can reduce the liquid contact hysteresis force and the lubricating medium viscous resistance. For example, patent CN103469215B discloses a method for preparing a copper-based super-hydrophobic low-friction-coefficient surface, which obtains a friction coefficient of about 0.1; patent CN114014260A discloses a preparation method for embedding micro-nano-sized polytetrafluoroethylene particles into a groove array by using laser etching to obtain a wear-resistant super-hydrophobic surface material.
The above special wettability interface is mainly developed based on a solid-solid friction system of a super-hydrophobic interface, and the dynamic stability of the interface is poor. And how to further reduce the friction coefficient of the friction system is still a great challenge in the technical field of mechanical friction.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-phase composite friction system and a construction method thereof, and the multi-phase composite friction system provided by the present invention has good dynamic stability and low friction coefficient.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a multiphase composite friction system, which comprises a friction substrate, a friction pair and a liquid lubricating medium positioned in the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair;
the friction substrate is provided with an ultraphobic surface, and the contact angle of the ultraphobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is more than or equal to 150 degrees;
the friction couple has a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophilic surface embedded in the hydrophobic surface, and a contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is less than or equal to 20 degrees.
Preferably, the liquid lubricating medium is a polar liquid, a non-polar liquid or an ionic liquid.
Preferably, the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair is 0.2-6 mm.
Preferably, the shape of the superhydrophilic surface is circular, square, or triangular.
Preferably, the contact angle of the hydrophobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is greater than or equal to 90 °.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ultraphobic surface comprises applying an ultradry coating.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ultraphobic surface comprises the following steps:
performing electrochemical etching on the surface of the friction substrate to obtain a micro-nano composite multi-level rough surface;
and chemically depositing an alkyl chain compound on the micro-nano composite multistage rough surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.
Preferably, the preparation method of the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface comprises the following steps:
treating the friction pair surface by adopting oxygen plasma treatment and/or acid treatment to obtain an integral super-hydrophilic surface;
and placing a mask plate on the overall super-hydrophilic surface, coating hydrophobic coating on the overall super-hydrophilic surface with the mask plate, and removing the mask plate to obtain the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface.
The invention provides a construction method of the multiphase composite friction system, which comprises the following steps:
providing a tribological substrate having an ultraphobic surface, a tribological pair having a phobic surface and an ultraphilic surface;
injecting a liquid lubricating medium between the friction substrate and the interface gap of the friction pair;
and applying contact stress on the friction pair to enable the friction pair and the friction substrate to move relatively.
Preferably, the contact stress is 50 to 1000 Pa.
The invention provides a multiphase composite friction system, which comprises a friction substrate, a friction pair and a liquid lubricating medium positioned in the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair; the friction substrate is provided with an ultraphobic surface, and the contact angle of the ultraphobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is more than or equal to 150 degrees; the friction couple has a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophilic surface embedded in the hydrophobic surface, and a contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is less than or equal to 20 degrees. The invention utilizes a friction substrate with an ultrahydrophobic surface, a friction pair with an ultrahydrophilic surface and a hydrophobic surface and a liquid lubricating medium to form a special wetting interface, wherein the ultrahydrophobic surface and the liquid lubricating medium have ultrahydrophobic wettability, the ultrahydrophilic surface and the liquid lubricating medium have ultrahydrophilic wettability, and under the composite existence of the ultrahydrophobic wettability and the ultrahydrophilic wettability, an air cushion can be formed between the ultrahydrophobic surface and the liquid lubricating medium, so that the solid-liquid contact part can be effectively reduced, and the solid-liquid interface interaction is replaced by the ultralow gas-liquid interface interaction. Meanwhile, the super-hydrophilic surface is embedded in the hydrophobic surface, a three-phase line diffusion energy barrier can be formed on the boundary of the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophilic surface has strong adhesion to a liquid lubricating medium, so that the liquid lubricating medium can play a good bearing role in a friction process without leakage or escape, and a multi-phase composite friction system has good dynamic stability. In the present invention, the compounding of the liquid lubricating medium and the air layer completely shields the direct contact of the friction substrate and the friction couple, thereby avoiding the problem of mechanical wear of the friction member. Experimental results show that the multi-phase composite friction system provided by the invention has excellent friction reduction and wear resistance effects and good dynamic stability, the friction coefficient is as low as 0.002-0.05, and the friction coefficient can be kept at 4500 s.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a multiphase composite friction system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the surface shape of the friction pair;
FIG. 3 is a plot of coefficient of friction versus time for the multi-phase composite friction system of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a plot of coefficient of friction versus time for the multi-phase composite friction system of example 7;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the coefficient of friction versus time for the multiphase composite friction system of example 12.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a multiphase composite friction system, which comprises a friction substrate, a friction pair and a liquid lubricating medium positioned in the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair;
the friction substrate is provided with an ultraphobic surface, and the contact angle of the ultraphobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is more than or equal to 150 degrees;
the friction couple has a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophilic surface embedded in the hydrophobic surface, and a contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is less than or equal to 20 degrees.
In the present invention, the liquid lubricating medium is preferably a polar liquid, a non-polar liquid or an ionic liquid. In the present invention, the polar liquid is preferably water and/or a polar organic solvent, and the polar organic solvent is preferably glycerin and/or ethylene glycol.
In the present invention, the non-polar liquid is preferably one or more of liquid alkane, diesel oil, crude oil and PAO-40.
In the present invention, the ionic liquid is preferably a hexafluorophosphoric acid-based ionic liquid and/or a tetrafluoroborate-based ionic liquid.
In the invention, the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction couple is preferably 0.2-6 mm, and more preferably 0.5-5 mm. In the invention, when the liquid lubricating medium is a polar liquid, the interface gap is preferably 0.5-4 mm, and more preferably 0.5-3.5 mm; when the liquid lubricating medium is a nonpolar liquid, the interface gap is preferably 0.5-5 mm, and more preferably 2.5-5 mm; when the liquid lubricating medium is an ionic liquid, the interface gap is preferably 1-4 mm, and more preferably 2.5-3 mm.
In the present invention, the area of the friction base is larger than the area of the dual reciprocating stroke region.
In the present invention, the friction substrate has an ultraphobic surface having a contact angle of not less than 150 °, preferably not less than 155 °, to the liquid lubricating medium. In the invention, the friction substrate is made of metal or nonmetal. In the present invention, the material of the friction base is more preferably aluminum, steel material, glass, or engineering plastic.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the ultraphobic surface preferably includes applying an ultradry coating. In the present invention, the super Dry paint is preferably a commercially available Ultra Ever-Dry product. In the invention, the coating thickness of the super dry coating is preferably 20-50 μm, and more preferably 30-40 μm.
In the invention, the manner of applying the super dry paint is preferably spraying. In the present invention, the diameter of the spray gun used for the spraying is preferably 0.3, and the spraying pressure is preferably 0.4 MPa.
Or, when the friction substrate is made of metal, the preparation method of the ultraphobic surface preferably comprises the following steps:
performing electrochemical etching on the surface of the friction substrate to obtain an electrochemical etching surface;
and chemically depositing an alkyl chain compound on the surface of the electrochemical etching to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.
In the invention, the super-hydrophobic surface preferably has a micro-nano structure.
In the present invention, the electrochemical etching is preferably:
and (3) placing the friction substrate in a NaCl solution, and sequentially carrying out constant-voltage etching and constant-current electrochemical oxidation.
In the invention, the concentration of the NaCl solution is preferably 10g/L, the voltage of the constant-voltage etching is preferably 4V, and the time is preferably 3.5 h; the current density of the constant-current electrochemical oxidation is preferably 0.325A/cm 2 The time is preferably 6-8 min, and more preferably 7 min. According to the invention, the micro-nano composite multi-level rough surface can be obtained through the electrochemical etching.
In the present invention, the alkyl chain compound includes a perfluoroalkyl chain compound; in the invention, the alkyl chain compound is preferably one or more of alkyl trichlorosilane, perfluoroalkyl trichlorosilane and perfluoroalkyl triethoxysilane, and is further preferably one or more of octadecyl trichlorosilane, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane.
In the present invention, the chemical deposition is preferably liquid phase deposition or vapor phase deposition. In the present invention, the liquid deposition is preferably:
and mixing the electrochemically etched friction substrate, the alkyl chain compound and the organic solvent, and standing.
In the present invention, the organic solvent is preferably anhydrous toluene. In the present invention, the standing is preferably performed under a light-shielding condition, and the time for the standing is preferably overnight.
In the present invention, after the liquid phase deposition, the resulting ultraphobic surface is preferably dried at a temperature of preferably 120 ℃ for a time of preferably 2 hours.
In the present invention, the vapor deposition is preferably:
and (3) placing the electrochemically etched friction substrate and the alkyl chain compound in a closed container, and heating.
In the present invention, the heating temperature is preferably 60 ℃ and the time is preferably 4 hours.
In the present invention, the friction couple has a hydrophobic surface and a superhydrophilic surface embedded in the hydrophobic surface, the contact angle of the superhydrophilic surface to the liquid lubricating medium being equal to or less than 20 °, preferably equal to or less than 15 °.
In the present invention, the shape of the super-hydrophilic surface is preferably circular, square or triangular.
In the present invention, the contact angle of the hydrophobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is preferably not less than 90 °, more preferably not less than 120 °, further preferably not less than 150 °.
In the invention, the material of the friction pair is preferably glass, engineering plastics or silicon wafers.
In the present invention, the method for preparing the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface preferably comprises the following steps:
treating the friction pair surface by adopting oxygen plasma treatment and/or acid treatment to obtain an integral super-hydrophilic surface;
and placing a mask plate on the overall super-hydrophilic surface, coating a hydrophobic coating on the overall super-hydrophilic surface with the mask plate, and removing the mask plate to obtain the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface.
The present invention preferably uses a plasma generator to perform the oxygen plasma treatment. In the invention, the vacuum degree of the oxygen plasma treatment is preferably 20-30 kPa, and more preferably 25 kPa; the air flow is preferably 4-6 mL/min, and more preferably 5 mL/min; the time for the oxygen plasma treatment is preferably 4-6 min, and more preferably 5 min.
In the invention, the acid solution used for the acid treatment is preferably a Piranha solution, the Piranha solution is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide, and the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the hydrogen peroxide is 7: 3. The present invention preferably places the rubbing couple in Piranha solution to perform the acid treatment, preferably for 6 hours.
In the invention, the mask is preferably a mask processed by laser etching, and the shape of the mask is preferably circular, square or triangular. In the present invention, the hydrophobic coating is preferably a super dry coating or a fluorocarbon coating (FC coating).
In the invention, the construction schematic diagram of the multiphase composite friction system is shown in FIG. 1; the schematic of the surface shape of the friction pair is shown in fig. 2.
The invention provides a construction method of the multiphase composite friction system, which comprises the following steps:
providing a tribological substrate having an ultraphobic surface, a tribological pair having a phobic surface and an ultraphilic surface;
injecting a liquid lubricating medium between the friction substrate and the interface gap of the friction pair;
and applying contact stress on the friction pair to enable the friction pair and the friction substrate to move relatively.
In the present invention, the preparation methods of the friction substrate with the ultraphobic surface, the friction couple with the hydrophobic surface and the ultraphilic surface are the same as above, and are not described herein again.
In the invention, the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair is preferably 0.2-6 mm, and more preferably 0.5-5 mm.
In the present invention, the contact stress is preferably 50 to 1000Pa, more preferably 100 to 800Pa, and further preferably 200 to 500 Pa.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
The friction substrate is made of stainless steel materials, the friction pair is made of common glass, and the lubricating medium is water.
Spraying a commercial product super-Dry Ultra evaporator-Dry on the surface of the friction substrate, wherein the caliber of a spray gun is 0.3, the spraying pressure is 0.4MPa, and the spraying thickness is 30 mu m; the resulting tribological substrate had a contact angle with water of 155 °.
Carrying out oxygen plasma treatment on the surface of the friction couple, wherein the vacuum degree of the oxygen plasma treatment is 20kPa, the air flow is 4mL/min, and the treatment time is 4 minutes to obtain an oxygen-enriched super-hydrophilic surface; a mask processed by laser etching is pasted on the oxygen-enriched super-hydrophilic surface, FC coating spraying is carried out, a round super-hydrophilic friction couple is obtained after the mask is removed, and the contact angle of the round super-hydrophilic friction couple to water is 8 degrees.
And fixing the ultra-sparse substrate on a sample table of a friction testing machine, and ensuring that the effective area of the ultra-sparse substrate is sufficiently larger than the stroke area of the friction dual reciprocating motion. The friction couple is fixed on the friction sensor to ensure that the friction sensor is in a horizontal state. The interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction couple is 0.5mm, lubricating medium water is injected into the interface gap, and 50Pa contact stress is loaded.
Example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is that the friction substrate is engineering plastic PE, the interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair is 1mm, and 200Pa contact stress is loaded.
Example 3
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of silicon wafers, and the lubricating medium is hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 7 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. And (3) taking anhydrous toluene as a solvent, and selecting octadecyl trichlorosilane for liquid phase deposition to realize the preparation of the super-hydrophobic ionic liquid friction substrate, wherein the contact angle of the obtained super-hydrophobic ionic liquid friction substrate to the ionic liquid is 175 degrees.
Carrying out surface treatment on the friction pair by O plasma for 4 minutes, then pasting a mask plate processed by laser etching, carrying out super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying, and removing the mask plate to obtain the round super-hydrophilic friction pair, wherein the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic friction pair to hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid is 5 degrees.
And selecting the hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid as a lubricating medium, wherein the loading contact stress is 600Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid lubricating layer is 3 mm.
Example 4
The friction substrate is high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of engineering plastic PE, and the lubricating medium is alkane liquid diesel.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 6 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. The preparation method is characterized in that anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane is selected for liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the super-hydrophobic alkane friction substrate is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to alkane liquid is 155 degrees.
Carrying out O plasma surface treatment on the friction pair for 4 minutes, then pasting a mask plate processed by laser etching, carrying out super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying, and removing the mask plate to obtain the round super-hydrophilic friction pair, wherein the contact angle of the friction pair to alkane liquid is 9 degrees.
Alkane liquid diesel oil is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 100Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding diesel oil lubricating layer is 2.5 mm.
Example 5
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of common glass, and the lubricating medium is glycerol.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 8 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane is selected for liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the friction substrate of the super-hydrophobic polar liquid is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to the polar liquid is 160 degrees.
The substrate is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain a super-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, the mask plate is removed to obtain a square super-hydrophilic friction couple, and the contact angle of the square super-hydrophilic friction couple to polar liquid glycerol is 15 degrees.
Polar liquid glycerol is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 400Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding glycerol lubricating layer is 2 mm.
Example 6
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of silicon wafers, and the lubricating medium is PAO-40.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 6 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane is selected for liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the super-oleophobic friction substrate is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to nonpolar PAO-40 is 163 degrees.
The surface of the friction pair is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain an Ultra-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, the mask plate is removed to obtain the square Ultra-hydrophilic friction pair, and the contact angle of the square Ultra-hydrophilic friction pair to nonpolar PAO-40 is 14 degrees.
The non-polar PAO-40 is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 900Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding PAO-40 lubricating layer is 4 mm.
Example 7
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of common glass, and the lubricating medium is nonpolar crude oil.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 7 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane is selected to carry out liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the super-oleophobic friction substrate is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to nonpolar crude oil is 158 degrees.
The surface of the friction pair is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain an Ultra-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, the mask plate is removed to obtain the square Ultra-hydrophilic friction pair, and the contact angle of the square Ultra-hydrophilic friction pair to nonpolar crude oil is 13 degrees.
Nonpolar crude oil is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 1000Pa, and the thickness of a lubricating layer of the corresponding crude oil is 5 mm.
Example 8
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of silicon wafers, and the lubricating medium is water.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 8 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, and octadecyl trichlorosilane is selected for liquid phase deposition to realize the preparation of the super-hydrophobic friction substrate, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to water is 165 degrees.
The friction dual surface is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain a super-hydrophilic interface, then a mask processed by laser etching is pasted, FC coating is sprayed, the mask is removed to obtain a square super-hydrophilic friction dual, and the contact angle of the square super-hydrophilic friction dual to water is 5 degrees.
Water is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 300Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding water lubricating layer is 1.5 mm.
Example 9
The friction substrate is made of common glass, the friction pair is made of engineering plastic PE, and the lubricating medium is water.
A commercial product, super Dry Ultra Ever-Dry, was selected for spray coating to produce a superhydrophobic tribological substrate with a contact angle to water of 155.
The friction couple surface is treated by O plasma for 4 minutes, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, FC coating spraying is carried out, the mask plate is removed, and then the triangular super-hydrophilic friction couple is obtained, wherein the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic friction couple to tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid is 7 degrees.
Polar tetrafluoroborate ion liquid is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 700Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding hexafluorophosphorus ion liquid lubricating layer is 2.5 mm.
Example 10
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of common glass, and the lubricating medium is diesel oil.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 8 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane is selected to carry out liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the friction substrate of the super-hydrophobic alkane is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to diesel oil is 152 degrees.
The substrate is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain a super-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, a triangular super-hydrophilic friction couple is obtained after the mask plate is removed, and the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic friction couple to diesel oil is 8 degrees.
Nonpolar diesel oil is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 150Pa, and the thickness of a corresponding diesel oil lubricating layer is 3 mm.
Example 11
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of silicon wafers, and the lubricating medium is nonpolar crude oil.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 6 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, 1H,2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane is selected for liquid phase deposition to realize the preparation of the friction substrate of alkane liquid, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to the alkane liquid is 158 degrees.
The substrate is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain a super-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, the mask plate is removed to obtain a triangular super-hydrophilic friction couple, and the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic friction couple to nonpolar crude oil is 15 degrees.
Nonpolar crude oil is selected as a lubricating medium, the loading contact stress is 600Pa, and the thickness of a lubricating layer of the corresponding crude oil is 1.5 mm.
Example 12
The friction substrate is a high-purity aluminum sheet, the friction pair is made of silicon wafers, and the lubricating medium is polar glycerol.
The high-purity aluminum sheet is etched for 3.5 hours in a constant-voltage mode (4V) by a 10g/L NaCl solution and a constant-current mode (the current density is 0.325A/cm) 2 ) And (4) electrochemically oxidizing for 7 minutes to prepare the micro-nano composite multi-level rough structure. Anhydrous toluene is used as a solvent, octadecyl trichloro-silicon is selected for liquid phase deposition, the preparation of the super-hydrophobic polar glycol friction substrate is realized, and the contact angle of the obtained friction substrate to polar glycerol is 162 degrees.
The substrate is treated by Piranha solution for 6 hours to obtain a super-hydrophilic interface, then a mask plate processed by laser etching is pasted, super-Dry Ultra Ever-Dry spraying is carried out, a triangular super-hydrophilic friction couple is obtained after the mask plate is removed, and the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic friction couple to polar glycol is 13 degrees.
Polar ethylene glycol was selected as the lubricating medium, the applied contact stress was 700Pa, and the thickness of the corresponding ethylene glycol lubricating layer was 3.5 mm.
The results of testing the friction coefficients of the multiphase composite friction systems constructed in examples 1 to 12 are shown in table 1. The friction coefficient characterization is performed by adopting a CSM friction tester, and the experiment is performed under the conditions of room temperature, 25% relative humidity, constant frequency of 1Hz and load adjustment along with the change of contact stress.
Table 1 test results of multiphase composite friction systems constructed in examples 1 to 12
Figure BDA0003648812630000111
Figure BDA0003648812630000121
As can be seen from Table 1, the multiphase composite friction system provided by the present invention has a low coefficient of friction.
The coefficient of friction of the multiphase composite friction system of example 2 as a function of time is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the multiphase composite friction system provided by the invention has good dynamic stability.
The coefficient of friction of the multiphase composite friction system of example 7 as a function of time is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the multiphase composite friction system provided by the invention has good dynamic stability.
The coefficient of friction of the multiphase composite friction system of example 12 as a function of time is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the multiphase composite friction system provided by the invention has good dynamic stability.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multiphase composite friction system comprises a friction substrate, a friction pair and a liquid lubricating medium positioned in an interface gap between the friction substrate and the friction pair;
the friction substrate is provided with an ultraphobic surface, and the contact angle of the ultraphobic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is more than or equal to 150 degrees;
the friction couple has a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophilic surface embedded in the hydrophobic surface, and a contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface to the liquid lubricating medium is less than or equal to 20 degrees.
2. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1, wherein said liquid lubricating medium is a polar liquid, a non-polar liquid, or an ionic liquid.
3. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the interfacial clearance between the friction substrate and the friction couple is 0.2 to 6 mm.
4. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1, wherein said super-hydrophilic surface is circular, square or triangular in shape.
5. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1, wherein the contact angle of said hydrophobic surface to a liquid lubricating medium is not less than 90 °.
6. The multiphase composite friction system of claim 1, wherein the ultraphobic surface is prepared by a method comprising applying an ultradry coating.
7. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1, wherein the ultraphobic surface is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
performing electrochemical etching on the surface of the friction substrate to obtain a micro-nano composite multi-stage rough surface;
and chemically depositing an alkyl chain compound on the micro-nano composite multistage rough surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.
8. The multiphase composite friction system according to claim 1, characterized in that said preparation of superhydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces comprises the following steps:
treating the friction pair surface by adopting oxygen plasma treatment and/or acid treatment to obtain an integral super-hydrophilic surface;
and placing a mask plate on the overall super-hydrophilic surface, coating hydrophobic coating on the overall super-hydrophilic surface with the mask plate, and removing the mask plate to obtain the super-hydrophilic surface and the hydrophobic surface.
9. A method of constructing a multiphase composite friction system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
providing a tribological substrate having an ultraphobic surface, a tribological pair having a phobic surface and an ultraphilic surface;
injecting a liquid lubricating medium between the friction substrate and the interface gap of the friction pair;
and applying contact stress on the friction pair to enable the friction pair and the friction substrate to move relatively.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the contact stress is 50 to 1000 Pa.
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