CN114804784B - Vacuum ceramic microsphere modified EPS (expandable polystyrene) heat-insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vacuum ceramic microsphere modified EPS (expandable polystyrene) heat-insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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- C04B14/064—Silica aerogel
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- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
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- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS (expandable polystyrene) heat-insulation board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the modified EPS heat-insulation board comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified EPS particles, 10-20 parts of aerogel, 80-100 parts of cementing material, 50-100 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 2-6 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining agent, 0.1-2 parts of anti-cracking agent, 0.1-2 parts of plasticizer, 2-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-4 parts of surfactant; the modified EPS particles are prepared by coating and modifying EPS particles by vacuum ceramic microbeads and a flame-retardant coating agent; wherein, the flame-retardant coating agent comprises ammonium polyphosphate and phenolic resin. According to the invention, the EPS particles are doped with the vacuum ceramic microbeads, the flame-retardant coating agent is adopted for coating modification, and then the aerogel and the reinforced fiber are assisted, so that the heat-insulation board achieves the A-level combustion performance, has both heat-insulation performance and excellent mechanical performance, and can be widely applied to fabricated buildings as a sandwich layer, especially an outer wall module, an inner wall module and a floor module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation materials, in particular to a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat insulation board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fabricated building is a building formed by assembling prefabricated parts on a construction site, and is a building mode which is mainly formed by transporting building components and accessories (such as floor slabs, wall plates, stairs, balconies and the like) processed and manufactured in a factory to a building construction site and assembling and installing the components and the accessories on the site in a reliable connection mode. In fabricated buildings, the problem of insulation is particularly important. The general external wall insulation is formed by compounding polymer mortar, glass fiber mesh cloth, insulation boards and the like, and in-situ bonding construction is carried out on the common insulation boards: graphite modified cement-based insulation boards, rock wool boards, foamed cement boards, foamed ceramic insulation boards, polystyrene foam boards (EPS) or extruded sheets (XPS), and the like.
Among them, the polystyrene foam board has low manufacturing cost, and has the advantages of light weight, good heat insulation effect, low water absorption, easy processing, and the application is the most extensive. However, since the fire-proof performance is poor, and a large amount of toxic smoke is released during combustion, a large amount of heat is generated, and even the spread of a fire is accelerated, once the fire occurs, property loss and casualties are easily caused. Therefore, the application of the polystyrene foam board in the technical field of building exterior wall insulation is limited. In addition, the polystyrene particles are rigid, brittle and have a large thermal expansion coefficient, so that the polystyrene particles are easy to denature and crack, and the service performance of the polystyrene foam board is influenced to a certain extent. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to be provided, which can improve the flame retardant property of the polystyrene foam board and solve the problem that the polystyrene foam board is fragile and easy to crack, so that the comprehensive use property of the insulation board is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board and a preparation method thereof.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board, which is prepared by injection molding and curing of composite slurry, wherein the composite slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-50 parts of modified EPS particles, 10-20 parts of aerogel, 80-100 parts of cementing material, 50-100 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 2-6 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining agent, 0.1-2 parts of anti-cracking agent, 0.1-2 parts of plasticizer, 2-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-4 parts of surfactant;
the modified EPS particles are prepared by coating and modifying EPS particles by vacuum ceramic microbeads and a flame-retardant coating agent; wherein, the flame-retardant coating agent comprises ammonium polyphosphate and phenolic resin.
The invention selects micron-sized vacuum ceramic microspheres and flame retardant coating agent to carry out coating modification treatment on EPS particles, firstly, the vacuum ceramic microspheres are granular spherical particles, the shell is hard and has a hollow structure, inert gas is generally filled in the vacuum ceramic microspheres, the vacuum ceramic microspheres have higher reflectivity, and the vacuum ceramic microspheres are coated on the EPS particles, so that the vacuum ceramic microspheres can reflect and isolate heat transfer, can also enhance the mechanical property of the EPS particles, and are not easy to deform and crack in the using process of the EPS particles.
In addition, the invention adopts ammonium polyphosphate and phenolic resin to synthesize the flame-retardant coating agent, utilizes the condensation reaction between amino in the ammonium polyphosphate and hydroxyl of the phenolic resin to form a copolymerization system among the vacuum ceramic microbeads, the ammonium polyphosphate and the phenolic resin, and improves the stability through carbon-nitrogen and carbon-oxygen bonds formed by the polymerization reaction, thereby firmly wrapping EPS particles in the flame-retardant coating agent and enabling the EPS particles to have flame retardancy.
More preferably, the modified EPS heat-insulation board comprises the following components in parts by weight:
45 parts of modified EPS particles, 15 parts of aerogel, 90 parts of cementing material, 85 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 4 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.2 part of water-retaining agent, 0.5 part of anti-cracking agent, 0.5 part of plasticizer, 3 parts of coupling agent and 2 parts of surfactant.
Preferably, in the modified EPS particles, the mass ratio of the EPS particles to the vacuum ceramic microbeads to the flame-retardant coating agent is 1-2.
More preferably, in the modified EPS particles, the mass ratio of the EPS particles to the vacuum ceramic microbeads to the flame-retardant coating agent is 1.
Preferably, the aerogel is a hydrophobic silica aerogel particle. The silica aerogel thermal insulation material is a nano porous network structure material which is made of silica aerogel serving as a main body material, the size is smaller than 50 nanometers, the diameter of a hole is smaller than the average free path of molecules, when the silica aerogel serves as a thermal insulation material, the heat conduction of gas is greatly reduced, and the silica aerogel has extremely low density and heat conductivity and also has the superior performances of high strength, high space utilization rate, sound insulation, environmental protection, water resistance, non-combustibility and the like. According to the invention, by adding the hydrophobic silica aerogel particles, the heat insulation property and the flame retardance of the insulation board are improved, and meanwhile, the dosage of the cementing material is reduced, and the density of the insulation board is reduced.
Preferably, the cementitious material comprises portland cement, silica fume, and fly ash. Wherein, the portland cement can also be sulpho-aluminous cement, magnesium chloride cement or magnesium oxide cement. The silica fume and the fly ash are added into the concrete to replace part of cement and are uniformly filled in gaps of cement particles, so that the concrete is more compact, the cohesive force of the cement is increased, and the compressive and flexural strength of the material is improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the portland cement to the silica fume to the fly ash in the cementing material is 3-4.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is one or a combination of several of chopped aluminum silicate fiber, chopped carbon fiber, chopped polyethylene fiber and chopped polypropylene fiber.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board, which comprises the following steps:
s1, ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: adding ammonium polyphosphate and ethylenediamine into an ethanol solution at room temperature, stirring and heating in a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 1.5-2h, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated ammonium polyphosphate;
s2, preparing modified EPS particles: adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step S1 to acidity, adding the acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin, heating and stirring to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding vacuum ceramic microbeads, continuously stirring, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surface of EPS particles, and drying to obtain modified EPS particles;
s3, preparing a heat-insulating plate: firstly, dissolving aerogel, reinforcing fiber and surfactant in water, adding coupling agent after dispersing uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800r/min for 20-30min, then adding cementing material, styrene-acrylic emulsion, water-retaining agent, anti-cracking agent and plasticizer into the mixed solution, continuously stirring, then slowly adding modified EPS particles, continuously stirring, and forming and maintaining the uniformly stirred slurry to obtain the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulating board.
Preferably, in step S1, the reaction temperature of the ammonium polyphosphate and the ethylenediamine is 75-80 ℃.
Preferably, in step S2, the heating temperature is 35-40 ℃.
Preferably, in step S3, the curing temperature is 45-50 ℃ and the curing time is 2-3 days.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulation board and the preparation method thereof, EPS particles are coated and modified by adopting vacuum ceramic microbeads and a flame-retardant coating agent together, and the EPS particles are coated in a stable copolymerization system formed by ammonium polyphosphate and phenolic resin in the flame-retardant coating agent, so that the vacuum ceramic microbeads and the EPS particles are tightly combined together, and thus the modified EPS particles with heat insulation and flame retardance are obtained, and the vacuum ceramic microbeads and the ammonium polyphosphate which play heat insulation and flame-retardant roles are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the EPS particles, are firmly combined with the EPS particles and are not easy to fall off. Meanwhile, the vacuum ceramic beads are coated on the surface of the EPS particles, so that the mechanical property of the EPS particles can be enhanced, the EPS particles are not easy to deform and crack in the using process, and the service performance of the insulation board is improved.
Furthermore, aerogel particles and reinforcing fibers are added into the heat-insulating plate, so that the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating plate is further improved through the aerogel particles, and the density of the plate is reduced; the mechanical property of the insulation board can be improved by adding the reinforcing fiber, so that the density of the insulation board can be reduced while the heat insulation performance of the insulation board is improved by adding the reinforcing fiber and the insulation board at the same time, and the mechanical property is not weakened due to the reduction of the density. In addition, the invention ensures that the raw materials cooperate with each other in proper dosage to play the maximum role by reasonably setting the proportion of the raw materials.
According to the vacuum ceramic microsphere modified EPS heat-insulation board and the preparation method thereof, the heat-insulation board with A-level combustion performance can be prepared, and meanwhile, the heat-insulation board has high heat insulation performance, high heat-insulation performance and excellent mechanical performance, so that the vacuum ceramic microsphere modified EPS heat-insulation board can be widely applied to fabricated buildings as a sandwich layer, especially outer wall modules, inner wall modules and floor modules.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the apparatus and method used are those conventional in the art, and various chemical reagents used are available from various chemical reagent selling companies.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat insulation board, which comprises the steps of firstly pretreating ammonium polyphosphate, wherein the pretreated ammonium polyphosphate can provide rich amino and carbon sources, the amino is polymerized with hydroxyl provided by phenolic resin, and the carbon sources can form C-N-C and C-O-C to form a stable carbon layer, so that a system which is tightly and firmly connected is provided to tightly combine vacuum ceramic microbeads and EPS particles, and the ammonium polyphosphate and the vacuum ceramic microbeads jointly exert flame retardant effect. Adding the pretreated ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin under an acidic condition, heating and stirring, reacting for a period of time, then adding the vacuum ceramic microspheres, uniformly combining the vacuum ceramic microspheres into a copolymerization system, and then uniformly spraying a coating system formed by the vacuum ceramic microspheres and the flame-retardant coating agent onto the surfaces of EPS particles in a spraying manner. This embodiment adopts the mode that sprays the thick liquid to EPS granule surface, has avoided mechanical stirring in-process, and the material distributes unevenly, and causes the cracked phenomenon of granule easily. And finally, uniformly mixing the aerogel, the cementing material, the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the reinforcing fiber, the water-retaining agent, the anti-cracking agent, the plasticizer, the coupling agent and water according to a proper proportion, adding the modified EPS particles, uniformly stirring, and finally obtaining the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulation board through the working procedures of plasticizing, forming, drying, maintaining, cutting and the like. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: under the condition of room temperature, adding ammonium polyphosphate and ethylenediamine into an ethanol solution, stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 75-80 ℃, reacting for 1.5-2h, washing, and drying to obtain the pretreated ammonium polyphosphate.
Wherein, the ammonium polyphosphate can be ammonium polyphosphate I or ammonium polyphosphate II; ethylenediamine may be replaced with any of 1, 2-propylenediamine, ethanolamine, isopropanolamine, and diethylenetriamine.
S2, preparing modified EPS particles: and (2) adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step (S1) to be acidic, wherein the pH value is most suitable to be 6, adding the acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin, heating and stirring to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding the vacuum ceramic microspheres, continuously stirring, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surface of EPS particles, and drying to obtain the modified EPS particles.
The EPS particles used in the embodiment are commercially available processed waste polystyrene foam particles, the vacuum ceramic microspheres are selected from 600-mesh microspheres, the particle size is suitable, larger gaps among the microspheres cannot be generated due to too large particle size, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is increased, the heat insulation effect is reduced, the wall thickness is increased due to too small particle size, the density of the microspheres is increased, the heat transfer of a solid phase is enhanced, and the heat conductivity coefficient is increased, so that the heat insulation effect is reduced.
S3, preparing a heat-preservation plate: dissolving 10-20 parts by weight of aerogel, 2-6 parts by weight of reinforcing fiber and 1-4 parts by weight of surfactant in water, uniformly dispersing, adding 2-5 parts by weight of coupling agent, stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800r/min for 20-30min, adding 80-100 parts by weight of cementing material, 50-100 parts by weight of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 0.1-2 parts by weight of water-retaining agent, 0.1-2 parts by weight of anti-cracking agent and 0.1-2 parts by weight of plasticizer into the mixed solution, continuously stirring, slowly adding 40-50 parts by weight of modified EPS particles, continuously stirring, forming and curing the uniformly stirred slurry to obtain the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulation board.
In this embodiment, the aerogel is hydrophobic silica aerogel particles, and may be in the form of powder. The reinforcing fiber is preferably chopped fiber, because the chopped fiber is easier to disperse and can be more uniformly mixed into the material, and the mechanical property of the plate is uniformly improved. In this embodiment, the short fibers may be one or a combination of chopped aluminum silicate fibers, chopped carbon fibers, chopped polyethylene fibers, and chopped polypropylene fibers. The toughness that the heated board was just can also make to increase by the addition of the styrene-acrylic emulsion in this embodiment, improves the compressive strength and the rupture strength that the heated board was just. In addition, in the stirring process, after the modified EPS particles are added, the stirring speed can be properly reduced so as to prevent the particles from being cracked and splashed due to too high speed, and the stirring time is preferably 3 min. In addition, the curing can be carried out by adopting a drying room or natural conditions, and during the curing of the drying room, the curing temperature is 45-50 ℃ and the curing time is 2-3 days; and during natural curing, the curing time is not less than 30 days.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: firstly, preparing an ethanol solution, mixing ethanol and water according to a mass ratio of 10.
(2) Preparing modified EPS particles: adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step S1 to enable the pH value to be =6, then adding acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin in the continuous stirring process, heating to 40 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding vacuum ceramic microbeads, continuously stirring at the constant temperature of 40 ℃, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surface of EPS particles after 30min, wherein the mass ratio of the EPS particles to the vacuum ceramic microbeads to the flame-retardant coating agent is 1.
(3) Preparing a heat-insulating board: dissolving 15 parts of aerogel, 4 parts of reinforcing fiber and 2 parts of surfactant in water, adding 3 parts of coupling agent after uniform dispersion, stirring at the rotating speed of 800r/min for 25min, adding 90 parts of cementing material (wherein the mass ratio of portland cement to silica fume to fly ash is 3.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: firstly, preparing an ethanol solution, mixing ethanol and water according to a mass ratio of 10.
(2) Preparation of modified EPS particles: adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step S1 to enable the pH value to be =6, then adding acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin in the continuous stirring process, heating to 37 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding vacuum ceramic microbeads, continuously stirring at the constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 30min, and spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surface of EPS particles, and drying to obtain modified EPS particles, wherein the mass ratio of the EPS particles to the vacuum ceramic microbeads to the flame-retardant coating agent is 1.
(3) Preparing a heat-insulating plate: dissolving 12 parts of aerogel, 6 parts of reinforcing fiber and 1 part of surfactant in water, uniformly dispersing, adding 2 parts of coupling agent, stirring at the rotating speed of 800r/min for 25min, adding 95 parts of cementing material (wherein the mass ratio of portland cement to silica fume to fly ash is 4.
Comparative example 1
The arrangement of the embodiment is to verify that the addition of the vacuum ceramic beads has the effects of improving the heat insulation and flame retardant properties and improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of the plate, so that in the embodiment, the vacuum ceramic beads are not added in the step (2), the other conditions are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the modified EPS heat-insulation plate coated with the flame-retardant coating agent only is prepared.
Comparative example 2
The setting of the example is to verify the influence of the proportion of the EPS particles, the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent on the final coating effect and the heat-insulating and flame-retardant effect, so that the example is to change the conditions on the basis of the example 1, increase the usage amount of the EPS particles, reduce the usage amount of the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent, change the mass ratio of the EPS particles, the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent in the step (2) to 2, and prepare the heat-insulating and heat-insulating board with the same steps as the example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: firstly, preparing an ethanol solution, mixing ethanol and water according to a mass ratio of 15.
(2) Preparation of modified EPS particles: adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step S1 to enable the pH value to be =6, then adding the acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin in the continuous stirring process, heating to 35 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding the vacuum ceramic beads, continuously stirring at the constant temperature of 35 ℃, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surface of EPS particles after 40min, and drying the EPS particles, the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent in a mass ratio of 1.
(3) Preparing a heat-insulating plate: dissolving 10 parts of aerogel, 5 parts of reinforcing fiber and 1 part of surfactant in water, uniformly dispersing, adding 2 parts of coupling agent, stirring at a rotation speed of 700r/min for 30min, adding 86 parts of cementing material (wherein the mass ratio of magnesia cement, silica fume and fly ash is 3.
Comparative example 3
In the present example, in order to verify the influence of the mixture ratio of cement, silica fume and fly ash in the cementitious material on the mechanical properties of the insulation board and reduce the addition ratio of silica fume and fly ash, only the mass ratio of magnesia cement, silica fume and fly ash in step (3) is changed to 6.
Comparative example 4
In the present example, in order to verify the influence of the mixture ratio of cement, silica fume and fly ash in the cementitious material on the mechanical properties of the insulation board, the addition ratio of silica fume and fly ash is increased, so that in the present example, the mass ratio of magnesia cement, silica fume and fly ash in step (3) is only changed to 4.
Comparative example 5
In this example, conditions were changed from those of example 1, and aerogel particles were not added in step (3), but the other conditions were not changed.
Comparative example 6
In the embodiment, the conditions are changed on the basis of the embodiment 1, the ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment process in the step (1) is omitted, untreated ammonium polyphosphate is directly mixed with phenolic resin to prepare the flame-retardant coating agent, and the rest conditions are not changed.
The performance of the insulation board prepared in each example and comparative example is shown in the following table:
according to the measured data, compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2, the addition of the vacuum ceramic beads can obviously improve the compressive strength of the heat-insulating board, reduce the heat conductivity coefficient and improve the heat-insulating and heat-insulating effects, and the addition amount of the vacuum ceramic beads needs to be controlled within a reasonable range to ensure that the EPS particles can be fully coated by the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent, and the coating capability of the flame-retardant coating agent is not affected by excessive vacuum ceramic beads or the EPS particles are excessively coated by excessive flame-retardant coating agent, so that the particle density is increased and the EPS particles are not easily dispersed, wherein the optimal mass ratio of the EPS particles, the vacuum ceramic beads and the flame-retardant coating agent is 1. As can be seen from example 3 and comparative examples 3 and 4, when the cement, silica fume and fly ash are contained in the cementitious material in too small amounts, the compressive strength of the insulation board is increased due to the increase of the cement content, but the thermal conductivity and density are also increased, and when the silica fume and fly ash are contained in too large amounts, the mechanical properties such as the compressive strength of the insulation board are reduced. In addition, according to comparative example 5, the aerogel particles obviously improve the compressive strength and the heat preservation performance of the heat preservation board, and according to comparative example 6, the pretreated ammonium polyphosphate can provide better flame retardant effect, and can be better combined with phenolic resin to obtain a more stable and uniform flame retardant layer.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board is characterized by being prepared by injection molding and curing of composite slurry, wherein the composite slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-50 parts of modified EPS particles, 10-20 parts of aerogel, 80-100 parts of cementing material, 50-100 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 2-6 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining agent, 0.1-2 parts of anti-cracking agent, 0.1-2 parts of plasticizer, 2-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-4 parts of surfactant;
the cementing material comprises portland cement, silica fume and fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of the portland cement to the silica fume to the fly ash is (3-4);
the modified EPS particles are prepared by coating and modifying EPS particles through vacuum ceramic microbeads and a flame retardant coating agent; the flame-retardant coating agent comprises ammonium polyphosphate and phenolic resin, and the mass ratio of the EPS particles to the vacuum ceramic microbeads to the flame-retardant coating agent is 1-2;
the preparation method of the modified EPS particles comprises the following steps:
firstly, ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: adding ammonium polyphosphate and ethylenediamine into an ethanol solution at room temperature, stirring and heating in a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 1.5-2h, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated ammonium polyphosphate;
and adjusting the pH value of the obtained ammonium polyphosphate to be acidic, adding the acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin, heating and stirring to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding the vacuum ceramic microspheres, continuously stirring, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surfaces of EPS particles, and drying to obtain the modified EPS particles.
2. The vacuum ceramic microbead-modified EPS insulation board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aerogel is hydrophobic silica aerogel particles.
3. The vacuum ceramic microbead-modified EPS heat-insulation board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers are one or a combination of more of chopped aluminum silicate fibers, chopped carbon fibers, chopped polyethylene fibers and chopped polypropylene fibers.
4. A preparation method of the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS insulation board as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, ammonium polyphosphate pretreatment: adding ammonium polyphosphate and ethylenediamine into an ethanol solution at room temperature, stirring and heating in a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 1.5-2h, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated ammonium polyphosphate;
s2, preparing modified EPS particles: adjusting the pH value of the ammonium polyphosphate obtained in the step S1 to be acidic, adding the acidic ammonium polyphosphate into phenolic resin, heating and stirring to obtain a flame-retardant coating agent, then adding vacuum ceramic microbeads, continuously stirring, spraying the uniformly stirred mixed solution onto the surfaces of EPS particles, and drying to obtain modified EPS particles;
s3, preparing a heat-preservation plate: firstly, dissolving aerogel, reinforcing fiber and surfactant in water, adding coupling agent after dispersing uniformly, stirring at the rotating speed of 600-800r/min for 20-30min, then adding cementing material, styrene-acrylic emulsion, water-retaining agent, anti-cracking agent and plasticizer into the mixed solution, continuously stirring, then slowly adding modified EPS particles, continuously stirring, and forming and maintaining the uniformly stirred slurry to obtain the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulating board.
5. The preparation method of the vacuum ceramic microbead-modified EPS heat insulation board as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the reaction temperature of ammonium polyphosphate and ethylenediamine is 75-80 ℃.
6. The preparation method of the vacuum ceramic microbead-modified EPS heat insulation board as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the heating temperature is 35-40 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the vacuum ceramic microbead modified EPS heat-insulation board as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the curing temperature is 45-50 ℃ and the curing time is 2-3 days.
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