CN114804270B - Method for reducing wastewater by combining hyperbolic tower and mechanical atomization evaporator - Google Patents

Method for reducing wastewater by combining hyperbolic tower and mechanical atomization evaporator Download PDF

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CN114804270B
CN114804270B CN202210273514.9A CN202210273514A CN114804270B CN 114804270 B CN114804270 B CN 114804270B CN 202210273514 A CN202210273514 A CN 202210273514A CN 114804270 B CN114804270 B CN 114804270B
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tower
wastewater
mechanical atomization
hyperbolic
wastewater tank
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CN114804270A (en
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俞绍才
李梦莹
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/043—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
    • C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a wastewater treatment technology, and aims to provide a wastewater reduction method combining a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator. Forming water mist vertically upwards by using a mechanical atomization evaporator, upwards diffusing and evaporating atomized liquid drops under the drive of continuous air flow, discharging water in the atomized liquid drops from the top of the tower through gasification, crystallizing and separating out inorganic salt components contained in the atomized liquid drops, and periodically collecting and processing the inorganic salt components by falling under the action of gravity; the larger droplets which are not atomized fall back into the wastewater tank under the action of gravity and then undergo the next round of circulation. The application can greatly improve the efficiency of natural evaporation, reduce the occupied area of the evaporation pond, reduce the risk of environmental pollution by a closed space, and can realize the water-salt separation with low carbon and high efficiency. The evaporation efficiency is improved and the process can be cycled. The application effectively collects salt particles and volatile organic compounds in the semi-closed tower, thereby avoiding polluting the surrounding environment; the application is energy-saving, material-saving, small in construction difficulty, small in occupied area and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

Method for reducing wastewater by combining hyperbolic tower and mechanical atomization evaporator
Technical Field
The application relates to a wastewater treatment technology, in particular to a wastewater reduction method combining a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator.
Background
The problem of treatment of wastewater containing salts and organic matters (including high-salt wastewater, desulfurization wastewater, aquaculture wastewater and the like) generated in industrial production processes has been widely focused. At present, for the treatment of the part of high-concentration wastewater, the following two schemes are mainly adopted: firstly, by applying the principle of evaporation and concentration, waste water is heated and evaporated by means of heat sources such as fire coal, introduced boiler steam and the like, water, volatile organic matters and the like are changed into gas states, salt is continuously concentrated to achieve saturated solubility precipitation and crystallization into solid states, and finally salt and the like are dehydrated and dried into solid states, so that zero emission of the waste water is realized. Secondly, a natural evaporation pond is adopted, and natural geography and climate conditions are utilized for evaporation decrement. The two schemes have respective advantages and disadvantages: the first scheme has high treatment degree and mature technology, but the energy consumption of ton water is high, and the average ton water treatment cost is more than 100 yuan; meanwhile, scale in the wastewater is attached and accumulated on the surface of the evaporator due to higher evaporation temperature, so that the stability and safety of equipment operation are affected, and the equipment needs to be shut down and scale removed periodically. The second method fully utilizes natural conditions, has low operation cost, simple equipment management and maintenance and long service life; however, the disadvantages are large occupation area, great influence from climatic conditions, low long-term efficiency, low evaporation capacity and high requirements for seepage prevention of the evaporation pond, and once seepage occurs, serious environmental pollution is caused, so that the evaporation pond can not be used for storing wastewater containing volatile organic compounds in principle. Under the practical situation, the application of the evaporation pond is difficult to solve the problem of high-salt wastewater discharge of enterprises, and the risks of pond filling and pond overflowing also exist.
For the reasons, the mechanical atomization evaporator with simple operation and maintenance and relatively low investment and operation cost becomes a new scheme matched with natural evaporation of an evaporation pond. However, atomized wastewater drops drift out of the evaporation pond along with wind and pollute the surrounding environment, the scheme needs to be provided with a large-area water pond on site, and water vapor generated by utilizing the mist of the mechanical atomization evaporator is easily accumulated in the surrounding environment of the evaporation pond to form saturated atmosphere, so that further evaporation of sewage is not facilitated.
At present, no scheme capable of treating high-concentration wastewater in a green, low-carbon and efficient way exists in the market, and a novel treatment method is provided to meet the needs.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a method for reducing wastewater by combining a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following solution:
a method for reducing wastewater by combining a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator is provided, and is realized based on the following wastewater reducing device; the device comprises:
a wastewater tank with a circular cross section;
a support base disposed around the rim of the wastewater tank;
the support frame is fixed on the support base and is a frame structure assembled by a plurality of single members;
the hyperbolic tower is a hollow structure with an opening at the top and the bottom, which consists of a lower ring beam, a cylinder wall and a top rigid ring, and the side edge of the axial section of the hyperbolic tower is in a symmetrical hyperbolic shape; the lower ring beam is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame, and a gap serving as an air inlet is formed between the bottom of the hyperbolic tower and the edge of the wastewater tank;
the mechanical atomization evaporator is arranged in the wastewater tank, and the inlet end of the mechanical atomization evaporator is connected with a water supply pipeline and a water suction pump;
the salt grain collecting device is a truncated cone-shaped cylinder coaxially arranged with the hyperbolic tower, the upper opening of the salt grain collecting device is smaller than the lower opening, and the bottom of the salt grain collecting device is fixed at the edge of the wastewater tank;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste water in the waste water tank is conveyed to a mechanical atomization evaporator through a water supply pipeline by utilizing a water suction pump, and is crushed into liquid drops with the particle size of less than 10 microns by the mechanical atomization evaporator, so that vertically upward water mist which can pass through an upper opening of a salt particle collecting device is formed;
(2) The warm and dry fresh air enters the tower body from the air inlet at the bottom of the hyperbolic tower; when air enters a narrow part in the middle of the tower body from the wide part of the tower bottom, the air flow is accelerated to advance to generate continuous strong wind due to the reduction of the inner cross section area of the tower, so that the air flow in the hyperbolic tower can be always kept;
(3) Atomized liquid drops in the water mist are upwards diffused and evaporated under the drive of continuous air flow, and moisture in the atomized liquid drops is rapidly gasified and discharged from the top of the tower; the inorganic salt component is crystallized and separated out, and falls onto a salt particle collecting device under the action of gravity, and is periodically collected and treated by manual or mechanical equipment;
(4) Larger droplets which contain salt, oil drops and macromolecular organic matters and cannot be atomized fall back into a wastewater pool under the action of gravity and then undergo the next round of atomization and evaporation, water-salt separation and droplet fall back;
(5) Through the cyclic reciprocating process, the purpose of removing salt in the wastewater is realized.
As a preferable scheme of the application, when the waste water containing peculiar smell is treated, the top opening of the hyperbolic tower is provided with the adsorption type tail gas deodorizing equipment for adsorbing peculiar smell substances in the atomized steam.
As a preferred scheme of the application, factory waste heat or waste heat is used for preheating waste water in winter; the heated wastewater is then sent to a mechanical atomization evaporator to accelerate diffusion and evaporation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the main design features of the hyperbolic tower include: total height H of tower body and diameter D of tower bottom 1 The height h of the air inlet and the diameter D of the throat part 2 Throat height H a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The preferred design dimensions are as follows:
(1) The height of the hyperbolic tower is 25-100 m, the diameter of the tower bottom is 15-60 m, and the ratio H/D of the total height of the tower body to the diameter of the tower bottom 1 ＝1.2～1.4；
(2) The ratio h/D of the height of the air inlet to the diameter of the tower bottom 1 ＝0.08～0.09；
(3) Ratio D of throat diameter to bottom diameter 2 /D 1 =0.5 to 0.6; ratio H of throat height to total tower height a /H＝0.7～0.8；
(4) The tangent value tan theta of the included angle between the bottom edge of the shell and the vertical axis is=0.30-0.35.
As the preferable scheme of the application, the supporting base and the supporting frame are made of stainless steel or hot dip galvanizing and carbon steel materials coated with an anti-corrosion coating; the inner wall surface of the tower body of the hyperbolic tower is thermally sprayed with an anti-corrosion material or takes anti-corrosion plastic or glass fiber reinforced plastic as a lining.
As a preferable mode of the present application, the support base and the support frame have any one of the following arrangement methods:
(1) The supporting base is round-ring-shaped and surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank, the supporting frame is round-ring-shaped and is arranged on the supporting base, and gaps among the single components of the supporting frame are used as air inlets;
(2) The plurality of support bases are uniformly arranged around the edge of the wastewater tank in a punctiform manner, the support frames are arranged on the support bases in a circular ring shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank and between the single components of the support frames are used as air inlets;
(3) The supporting base is round-ring-shaped and surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank, the supporting frames are uniformly arranged on the supporting base in a dot shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the supporting base and between the single components of the supporting frames are used as air inlets;
(4) The plurality of support bases are uniformly distributed around the edge of the wastewater tank in a punctiform manner, and each support base is provided with an independent support frame respectively, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank and between the single components of the support frames are used as air inlets.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the mechanical atomizing evaporator has any one of the following arrangement methods:
(1) The mechanical atomization evaporator is provided with a mechanical atomization evaporator which is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank;
(2) The mechanical atomization evaporators are provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators which are uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank in a circumferential direction and are axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower;
(3) The mechanical atomization evaporator is provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators, one of the mechanical atomization evaporators is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank, and the rest mechanical atomization evaporators are uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank in a circumferential direction and are axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower;
(4) The mechanical atomization evaporator has a plurality of points which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the wastewater tank.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the water pump is arranged on the floating platform; the mechanical atomization evaporators are provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators, and each mechanical atomization evaporator is respectively provided with a water pump or shares a water pump.
As a preferable scheme of the application, a plurality of access doors are arranged at the bottom of the tower wall of the hyperbolic tower.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the edge of the wastewater tank is provided with an inward extending annular plate, and the bottom edge of the truncated cone-shaped cylinder of the salt particle collecting device is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the annular plate in a welding mode.
Description of the inventive principles:
1. according to the application, the broken mechanical atomization evaporator is utilized to rapidly atomize the entered wastewater into small liquid drops, so that the contact area of strong brine and air is greatly increased, and the evaporation speed is improved. Simultaneously, warm and dry new air is introduced, and atomized droplets are blown upwards by using the 'cross wind' of the hyperbolic tower. In the process, the water mist diffuses and evaporates upwards to the top of the tower, salt particles are separated out and collected by a salt particle collecting device, so that water and salt separation is realized; and the large liquid drops containing particles such as salt, oil drops and macromolecular organic matters fall back to the wastewater pool under the action of gravity, and the atomization evaporation is circularly carried out, so that the continuous evaporation and decrement can be carried out, and the wastewater is treated.
2. The working principle of the crushing type mechanical atomization steam generator is that a specially-made high-speed rotating blade is used for crushing liquid pumped by a water pump for multiple times, water drops are thrown to the high altitude under the high-speed rotation of an impeller, and the water drops fall down to finish evaporation. By comparing several types of atomizing evaporators, the applicant has the best evaporation effect and is therefore most suitable for the high-salt wastewater in the evaporation pond.
3. The natural ventilation condition of the hyperbolic tower provides power for upward diffusion and evaporation of atomized droplets and upward flow of water vapor, and reduces the installation and maintenance cost and energy consumption of the fan kinetic energy equipment. Therefore, the structure is simpler and more convenient to maintain than a mechanical ventilation tower, and saves electric energy; meanwhile, the hyperbolic tower occupies a smaller area than the evaporation pond, is compact in arrangement and has small water loss.
4. The semi-open hyperbolic tower limits the evaporation of the wastewater and the crystallization and solidification of salt in a relatively closed space, and captures and collects salt particles by utilizing the salt particle collecting device, so that the salt particles are prevented from randomly drifting and polluting the environment.
5. The hyperbolic tower limits the evaporation of volatile organic compounds in the wastewater in a semi-closed space, and can further collect the volatile organic compounds by utilizing tail gas deodorizing equipment, so that the organic compounds in the wastewater are prevented from volatilizing along with the evaporation of water, and the atmospheric environment is prevented from being polluted.
6. The hyperbolic tower wall shape is that when air enters a narrow valley from an open area, the cross-sectional area of the air flow is reduced, and the circulating air flow can accelerate to advance to form natural strong wind. Structurally, the hyperbolic tower wall has curvature in both horizontal and vertical directions, and the lower half of the tower wall has smaller stress and reduced wall thickness than a cylindrical or conical tower, and a larger volume can be obtained by using the same material.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the technical effects that:
1. the application greatly improves the efficiency of natural evaporation by effectively combining the advantages of the mechanical atomization evaporator for accelerating evaporation and the natural ventilation of the hyperbolic tower, reduces the occupied area of an evaporation pond, reduces the risk of environmental pollution by a closed space, and can be used for treating desulfurization wastewater of thermal power plants, high-salt wastewater of coal chemical industry, livestock breeding wastewater, landfill leachate, food processing wastewater and the like, and the water-salt separation is realized with low carbon and high efficiency.
2. The application is based on a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator, performs atomization evaporation in a semi-closed space, fully utilizes the advantages of a hyperbolic tower 'cross-hall wind', effectively realizes and improves atomization steam discharge and large liquid drop falling, thereby forming a stable process of 'drying air inlet-moisture discharge', achieving the effect similar to atomization evaporation of an evaporation pond, but improving evaporation efficiency, and enabling the process to be circularly carried out.
3. The application limits the atomization and evaporation of the wastewater, the crystallization and solidification of salt and the volatilization of organic matters in the semi-closed tower, and effectively collects salt particles and volatile organic matters, thereby avoiding the pollution to the surrounding environment.
4. The application can utilize auxiliary heat supply equipment to raise the temperature of strong brine, increase the evaporation capacity of waste water, and the required heating source can use the waste heat of factory, thereby saving cost.
5. The application has the advantages of energy saving, material saving, small construction difficulty, small occupied area and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater reduction apparatus according to the present application.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1-hyperbolic column; 2-a mechanical atomization evaporator; 3-salt particle collecting device; 4-a wastewater tank; 5-a water suction pump; 6-a water supply pipe; 7-a support frame; 8-supporting a base; 9-tail gas deodorization equipment.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings.
The method for reducing the wastewater by combining the hyperbolic tower and the mechanical atomization evaporator is realized based on a wastewater reducing device; as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: a wastewater tank 4 having a circular cross section; a support base 8 disposed around the rim of the wastewater tank 4; a support frame 7 fixed to the support base 8 and having a frame structure formed by assembling a plurality of single members; the hyperbola tower 1 is a hollow structure with an opening at the top and the bottom, which consists of a lower ring beam, a cylinder wall and a top rigid ring, and the side edge of the axial section of the hyperbola tower is in a symmetrical hyperbola shape; the lower ring beam is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame 7, and a gap serving as an air inlet is formed between the bottom of the hyperbolic tower 1 and the edge of the wastewater tank 4; a mechanical atomization evaporator 2 which is arranged above the liquid level in the wastewater tank 1, and the inlet end of which is connected with a water supply pipeline 6 and a water suction pump 5; the salt grain collecting device 3 is a truncated cone-shaped cylinder coaxially arranged with the hyperbolic tower 1, the upper opening of the salt grain collecting device is smaller than the lower opening, and the bottom of the salt grain collecting device is fixed at the edge of the wastewater tank 4. The edge of the wastewater tank 4 can be further provided with an inwardly extending annular plate, and the bottom edge of the truncated cone-shaped cylinder of the salt grain collecting device 3 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the annular plate in a welding mode. The bottom of the wall of the hyperbola tower 1 is provided with a plurality of access doors.
The supporting base 8 and the supporting frame 7 are made of stainless steel or hot dip galvanized carbon steel material coated with an anti-corrosion coating; the inner wall surface of the tower body of the hyperbolic tower 1 is thermally sprayed with an anti-corrosion material or takes anti-corrosion plastic or glass fiber reinforced plastic as a lining. The support base 8 and the support frame 7 have any one of the following arrangement methods: (1) The supporting base 8 surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank 4 in a circular ring shape, the supporting frame 7 is arranged on the supporting base 8 in a circular ring shape, and gaps among all single components of the supporting frame 7 are used as air inlets; (2) The plurality of support bases 8 are uniformly arranged around the edge of the wastewater tank 4 in a punctiform manner, the support frames 7 are arranged on the support bases 8 in a circular ring shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank 4 and between the individual components of the support frames 7 are used as air inlets; (3) The supporting base 8 surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank 4 in a circular ring shape, the supporting frames 7 are uniformly arranged on the supporting base 8 in a dot shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the supporting base 8 and between the individual components of the supporting frames 7 are used as air inlets; (4) The supporting bases 8 are uniformly distributed around the edge of the wastewater tank 4 in a dot shape, and each supporting base 8 is provided with an independent supporting frame 7, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank and between the individual components of the supporting frames 7 are used as air inlets. The above schemes can be selected according to the comprehensive consideration of factors such as the size of the wastewater tank 4, the size of the hyperbolic tower 1, the wastewater treatment capacity and the like, so as to obtain the most suitable air intake.
The mechanical atomization evaporator 2 can adopt a high-speed rotary fluid atomization device, a mechanical atomization device which atomizes by a high-speed rotating machine, a pneumatic atomization device which can re-expand by impacting liquid with high-speed air flow, or an ultrasonic atomization device. The installation mode is that the bottom is provided with a buoyancy cylinder and is placed on the water surface of the wastewater tank, or the bottom is fixed to the wastewater tank, and the atomization direction can be horizontal or vertical downwards. In order to maximize efficiency, the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is selected to be positioned in the projection range of the upper opening of the salt particle collecting device 3, and the atomization direction is vertically upward. The salt particle collecting device 3 can also select a plurality of separated extending inclined plates to replace the whole truncated cone-shaped cylinder structure. The specific configuration quantity can be determined according to the salt content of the actual inlet water and whether salt particles leak in the evaporation process.
The mechanical atomizing evaporator 2 may have any one of the following arrangement methods: (1) The mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is provided with a piece and is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank 4; (2) The mechanical atomization evaporators 2 are provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators which are uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank 4 in a circumferential direction and are axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower 1; (3) The mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators, one of which is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank 4, and the rest of which is uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank in a circumferential direction and is axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower 1; (4) The mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is provided with a plurality of points and is uniformly arranged on the surface of the wastewater tank. The water suction pump 5 is arranged on the floating platform; when there are a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators 2, each mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is respectively provided with one water pump 5 to facilitate control and maintenance, or one water pump 5 is shared to reduce cost.
Based on the device, the method for reducing the wastewater by combining the hyperbolic tower and the mechanical atomization evaporator specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The waste water in the waste water tank 4 is conveyed to the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 through a water supply pipeline 6 by utilizing a water suction pump 5, and is crushed into liquid drops with the particle size of less than 10 microns by the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 to form water mist which can pass through an upper opening of the salt particle collecting device 3 vertically upwards;
(2) The warm and dry fresh air enters the tower body from the air inlet at the bottom of the hyperbola tower 1; when air enters a narrow part in the middle of the tower body from the wide part of the tower bottom, the air flow is accelerated to advance to generate continuous strong wind due to the reduction of the inner cross section area of the tower, so that the air flow in the hyperbolic tower 1 can be always kept;
(3) Atomized liquid drops in the water mist are upwards diffused and evaporated under the drive of continuous air flow, and moisture in the atomized liquid drops is rapidly gasified and discharged from the top of the tower; the inorganic salt component is crystallized and separated out, and falls onto the salt particle collecting device 3 under the action of gravity, and is collected and treated by manual or mechanical equipment periodically;
(4) The larger droplets which contain salt, oil drops and macromolecular organic matters and are not atomized fall back into the wastewater tank 4 under the action of gravity, and then undergo the next round of atomization and evaporation, water-salt separation and droplet fall back;
(5) Through the cyclic reciprocating process, the purpose of removing salt in the wastewater is realized.
Specific application example:
the hyperbolic tower 1 in this example comprises a lower ring beam, a cylinder wall, a top rigid ring. The lower ring beam is positioned at the bottom end, and the dead weight of the tower body and other load born by the dead weight are transmitted to the foundation through the lower ring beam. The cylinder wall is a main body part, is a hyperbolic rib-free and beam-free thin-wall space structure which is beneficial to natural ventilation, and the inner wall of the cylinder wall can be treated by surface thermal spraying corrosion-resistant paint or corrosion-resistant lining, or can be directly manufactured by plastic (such as PE polyethylene) or glass fiber reinforced plastic. The shape and wall thickness of the cylinder wall (shell) need to be checked through shell optimization calculation and buckling stabilization. A top rigid ring is located at the top of the hyperbolic tower for stiffening the rigidity and stability of the shell top. The waste water pond 4 for storing the waste strong brine is positioned right below the bottom of the tower body, is a round pond with the depth of about 2 meters below the ground and is built by adopting reinforced concrete materials. The support part of the hyperbola tower 1 is built at the edge of the wastewater tank 4, and the hyperbola tower 1 is supported by a stainless steel support frame 7 (optional triangular frame) and a support base 8 which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the wastewater tank 4, so that a gap is reserved between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank 4 as an air inlet, and new air enters the condition of forming the required natural ventilation. The space in the column above the wastewater tank 4 is provided with a salt particle collecting device 3 for periodically treating the collected salt particles. The salt particle collecting device 3 can also play roles of reducing the radius of fresh air inlet and planning a flow path so as to improve the air speed of inlet air. The inside of the hyperbola tower 1 is provided with a crushing type mechanical atomization evaporator 2, and the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is arranged on a floating platform arranged at the liquid level of the wastewater tank 4 through a supporting column. The mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is provided with an impeller on a power output shaft, an annular spray hole is fixed below the impeller, and a water outlet of the annular spray hole is positioned below the impeller. One or more mechanical atomization evaporators 2 are used according to the actually required evaporation amount, and the atomization direction of the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 is vertical to the ground. The mechanical atomizing evaporator 2 may be arranged along the circumference of the tower or at the center. The suction pump 5 is installed on the floating platform and is communicated with the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 through a water supply pipeline 6 rising below the water surface of the wastewater tank 4, so that the strong brine is conveyed to the mechanical atomization evaporator 2. The bottom side wall of the hyperbola tower 1 is provided with a certain number of access doors, so that the interior overhaul and the cleaning of salt particles are facilitated. The top air outlet of the hyperbolic tower 1 is optionally provided with an adsorption type tail gas deodorizing device 9, and the tail gas deodorizing device 9 is an adsorption type tail gas treatment device based on active carbon and resin. If the treated high concentration wastewater does not contain volatile organic compounds or odor-free contaminants (e.g., high brine), the off-gas deodorizing device 9 can be omitted to simplify the scheme and save costs.
The wastewater reduction device can be used for evaporating high-concentration wastewater containing salt and organic matters, evaporating and reducing water in the wastewater, and effectively collecting the salt and the organic matters. In a specific use process, warm and dry fresh air enters the tower body from a gap at the bottom of the hyperbolic tower 1, when the air enters a narrow part at the middle part in the tower from an open place, the cross-sectional area of the air flow is reduced, and then the air flow is accelerated to advance to form strong wind, so that continuous natural ventilation, namely 'cross-hall wind' shown in fig. 1, is generated. Meanwhile, the waste strong brine in the wastewater pool 4 below the tower body is conveyed to the mechanical atomization evaporator 2 through the water supply pipeline 6 by the water suction pump 5, and the water is crushed into small droplets with the particle size of less than 10 microns by the high-speed rotary impeller of the mechanical atomization evaporator 2, so that water mist is formed. Under the action of 'cross-hall wind', atomized droplets are upwards diffused and evaporated, water in the atomized droplets is rapidly gasified and discharged from the top of the tower, deodorizing treatment is carried out by tail gas deodorizing equipment 9 at an air outlet, inorganic salt components are crystallized and separated out, and the inorganic salt components fall to salt particle collecting devices 3 under the action of gravity, so that collected salt particles are treated regularly. The unagglomerated large liquid drops containing particles such as salt, oil drops and macromolecular organic matters fall back into the wastewater pool under the action of gravity, and the process of atomization evaporation, water-salt separation and fall back is carried out again, so that the cycle is carried out. In cold winter, the strong brine in the wastewater tank can be preheated and then conveyed to the mechanical atomization evaporator to accelerate diffusion evaporation. The process can realize continuous atomization, evaporation and reduction of high-concentration wastewater throughout the year. The required heating source can use the waste heat of the factory, thereby saving the cost.
With respect to the geometry of the main part of the hyperbolic column (total column height H, bottom diameter D 1 The height h of the air inlet and the diameter D of the throat part 2 Throat height H a Units: m), in the practical application process, the water treatment amount is determined according to the required water treatment amount, and the ratio of the tower height to the tower bottom diameter is proper. For example, the present application is based on optimization calculations:
(1) Ratio H/D of total height of water tower to diameter of tower bottom 1 Generally, the following steps are taken: H/D 1 ＝1.2～1.4；
Wherein: the low value is suitable for the region with strong wind; the high value is suitable for towers with high cost per unit area. The reasonable height of the hyperbolic tower is 25-100 m, the diameter of the tower bottom is 15-60 m, and the cost can be reduced by selecting the tower height of 25 m if the tower height of 25 m is high enough according to the requirement and the amount.
(2) The ratio h/D of the height of the air inlet to the diameter of the tower bottom 1 This value directly affects the air flow regime and aerodynamic drag in the height range of the air intake, generally taken: h/D 1 ＝0.08～0.09；
(3) Ratio D of throat diameter to bottom diameter 2 /D 1 Ratio H of throat height to total tower height a H, generally taken: d (D) 2 /D 1 ＝0.5～0.6；H a /H＝0.7～0.8；
(4) The tangent value tan theta of the included angle between the bottom edge of the shell and the vertical axis can reduce wind stress when a larger value is adopted, so that the pulling-up force of the shell and the substrate is reduced, but the stability of the shell is affected, and larger horizontal force is generated in the foundation, and tan theta=0.30-0.35 is generally adopted.
The applicant believes that the basic principles and principal features of the application and advantages of the patent of the application have been shown and described. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. A method for wastewater reduction in combination with a hyperbolic tower and a mechanical atomization evaporator, characterized in that the method is based on the following wastewater reduction device; the device comprises:
a wastewater tank with a circular cross section;
a support base disposed around the rim of the wastewater tank;
the support frame is fixed on the support base and is a frame structure assembled by a plurality of single members;
the hyperbolic tower is a hollow structure with an opening at the top and the bottom, which consists of a lower ring beam, a cylinder wall and a top rigid ring, and the side edge of the axial section of the hyperbolic tower is in a symmetrical hyperbolic shape; the lower ring beam is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame, and a gap serving as an air inlet is formed between the bottom of the hyperbolic tower and the edge of the wastewater tank;
the mechanical atomization evaporator is arranged in the wastewater tank, and the inlet end of the mechanical atomization evaporator is connected with a water supply pipeline and a water suction pump;
the salt grain collecting device is a truncated cone-shaped cylinder coaxially arranged with the hyperbolic tower, the upper opening of the salt grain collecting device is smaller than the lower opening, and the bottom of the salt grain collecting device is fixed at the edge of the wastewater tank;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste water in the waste water tank is conveyed to a mechanical atomization evaporator through a water supply pipeline by utilizing a water suction pump, and is crushed into liquid drops with the particle size of less than 10 microns by the mechanical atomization evaporator, so that vertically upward water mist which can pass through an upper opening of a salt particle collecting device is formed;
(2) The warm and dry fresh air enters the tower body from the air inlet at the bottom of the hyperbolic tower; when air enters a narrow part in the middle of the tower body from the wide part of the tower bottom, the air flow is accelerated to advance to generate continuous strong wind due to the reduction of the inner cross section area of the tower, so that the air flow in the hyperbolic tower can be always kept;
(3) Atomized liquid drops in the water mist are upwards diffused and evaporated under the drive of continuous air flow, and moisture in the atomized liquid drops is rapidly gasified and discharged from the top of the tower; the inorganic salt component is crystallized and separated out, and falls onto a salt particle collecting device under the action of gravity, and is periodically collected and treated by manual or mechanical equipment;
(4) Larger droplets which contain salt, oil drops and macromolecular organic matters and cannot be atomized fall back into a wastewater pool under the action of gravity and then undergo the next round of atomization and evaporation, water-salt separation and droplet fall back;
(5) Through the cyclic reciprocating process, the purpose of removing salt in the wastewater is realized;
when the wastewater containing the peculiar smell is treated, an adsorption type tail gas deodorizing device is arranged at the top opening of the hyperbolic tower and is used for adsorbing peculiar smell substances in atomized steam;
waste heat or waste heat of a factory is used for preheating the waste water in winter; the heated wastewater is then sent to a mechanical atomization evaporator to accelerate diffusion and evaporation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the main design features of the hyperbolic tower include: total height H of tower body and diameter D of tower bottom 1 The height h of the air inlet and the diameter D of the throat part 2 Throat height H a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The preferred design dimensions are as follows:
(1) The height of the hyperbolic tower is 25-100 m, the diameter of the tower bottom is 15-60 m, and the ratio H/D of the total height of the tower body to the diameter of the tower bottom 1 =1.2~1.4；
(2) The ratio h/D of the height of the air inlet to the diameter of the tower bottom 1 =0.08~0.09；
(3) Ratio D of throat diameter to bottom diameter 2 ／D 1 =0.5 to 0.6; ratio H of throat height to total tower height a ／H=0.7~0.8；
(4) The tangent value tan theta of the included angle between the bottom edge of the shell and the vertical axis is=0.30-0.35.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the support base and support frame are made of stainless steel or hot dip galvanized, carbon steel material overcoated with a corrosion resistant coating; the inner wall surface of the tower body of the hyperbolic tower is thermally sprayed with an anti-corrosion material or takes anti-corrosion plastic or glass fiber reinforced plastic as a lining.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the support base and support frame have any one of the following arrangement methods:
(1) The supporting base is round-ring-shaped and surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank, the supporting frame is round-ring-shaped and is arranged on the supporting base, and gaps among the single components of the supporting frame are used as air inlets;
(2) The plurality of support bases are uniformly arranged around the edge of the wastewater tank in a punctiform manner, the support frames are arranged on the support bases in a circular ring shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank and between the single components of the support frames are used as air inlets;
(3) The supporting base is round-ring-shaped and surrounds the edge of the wastewater tank, the supporting frames are uniformly arranged on the supporting base in a dot shape, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the supporting base and between the single components of the supporting frames are used as air inlets;
(4) The plurality of support bases are uniformly distributed around the edge of the wastewater tank in a punctiform manner, and each support base is provided with an independent support frame respectively, and gaps between the bottom of the tower and the wastewater tank and between the single components of the support frames are used as air inlets.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mechanical atomizing evaporator has any one of the following arrangement methods:
(1) The mechanical atomization evaporator is provided with a mechanical atomization evaporator which is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank;
(2) The mechanical atomization evaporators are provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators which are uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank in a circumferential direction and are axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower;
(3) The mechanical atomization evaporator is provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators, one of the mechanical atomization evaporators is arranged at the center of the wastewater tank, and the rest mechanical atomization evaporators are uniformly arranged in the wastewater tank in a circumferential direction and are axially symmetrical with the hyperbolic tower;
(4) The mechanical atomization evaporator has a plurality of points which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the wastewater tank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the suction pump is provided on a floating platform; the mechanical atomization evaporators are provided with a plurality of mechanical atomization evaporators, and each mechanical atomization evaporator is respectively provided with a water pump or shares a water pump.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the wall of the hyperbolic tower is provided with a plurality of access doors.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wastewater tank rim is provided with an inwardly extending annular plate, and the bottom rim of the truncated cone-shaped cylinder of the salt particle collecting device is fixedly connected with the inner rim of the annular plate in a welded manner.
CN202210273514.9A 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Method for reducing wastewater by combining hyperbolic tower and mechanical atomization evaporator Active CN114804270B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1546632A1 (en) * 2002-08-26 2005-06-29 Jott Australia Pty. Ltd. Performance augmentation of natural draft cooling towers
WO2008059524A2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Spray Engineering Devices Limited Heat exchanger assembly
CN104671310A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-06-03 西安交通大学 Multiple-effect coupled atomization evaporator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1546632A1 (en) * 2002-08-26 2005-06-29 Jott Australia Pty. Ltd. Performance augmentation of natural draft cooling towers
WO2008059524A2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Spray Engineering Devices Limited Heat exchanger assembly
CN104671310A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-06-03 西安交通大学 Multiple-effect coupled atomization evaporator

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