CN114803765A

CN114803765A - Speed limiter and elevator

Info

Publication number: CN114803765A
Application number: CN202210429951.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹家春; 姚荣康; 丁明星; 卢灵明; 戴永强; 朱枭
Original assignee: Hangzhou Huning Elevator Parts Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Huning Elevator Parts Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-22
Filing date: 2022-04-22
Publication date: 2022-07-29

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator components, and particularly relates to a speed limiter and an elevator, wherein the speed limiter comprises a wheel shaft, a rope pulley rotatably arranged on the wheel shaft, and a centrifugal mechanism arranged on the rope pulley, wherein the centrifugal mechanism comprises two centrifugal throwing blocks and a connecting rod, and the two centrifugal throwing blocks are rotatably arranged on the rope pulley and are respectively connected with rotating pairs at two ends of the connecting rod; the throwing-out side of one centrifugal throwing block is rotatably connected with a braking piece, and correspondingly, a brake disc is coaxially arranged on the wheel shaft; when the speed limiter is in an overspeed state, the centrifugal swinging block is used for linking the braking piece to move to be attached to the brake disc so as to be in braking fit. According to the speed limiter disclosed by the invention, under the action of a centrifugal force, the braking part is directly pulled by the centrifugal throwing block, the braking part is self-locked between the braking disc and the rope wheel, so that the rope wheel stops rotating to realize lifting, and the speed limiter has the characteristics of instantaneous triggering and quick response during overspeed detection, so that the braking response time of the safety protection device is prolonged.

Description

Speed limiter and elevator

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator components, and particularly relates to a speed limiter and an elevator.

Background

According to the new standard requirements of elevators, in order to ensure that the governor operates before the dangerous speed is reached, the maximum distance between the governor operating points that trigger the progressive safety gear, which corresponds to the movement of the governor rope, should not be greater than 250 mm. The maximum distance between the governor action points triggering the instantaneous safety gear, which corresponds to the movement of the governor rope, should not be greater than 100 mm. When the existing part of speed limiters is triggered, the centrifugal block is in braking fit with the braking step, namely, a plurality of braking points are arranged after the centrifugal block is triggered, so that the characteristics of long capture time and slow response exist, and instantaneous triggering cannot be realized; moreover, when the brake is triggered, the centrifugal block and the bracket bear larger impact force, the stability can be ensured only when the overall structural strength is high, and the safety of the centrifugal mechanism is ensured by designing limit on the centrifugal block. In addition, when the three braking steps are arranged on the bracket as trigger points, the processing and manufacturing requirements are high;

in the prior art, when the trigger point is increased for improving the response, the trigger cannot be triggered along with the increase of the speed, and the high speed is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words to provide a speed limiter and an elevator that meet one or more of the above-mentioned needs.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a speed limiter comprises a wheel shaft, a rope wheel rotatably mounted on the wheel shaft and a centrifugal mechanism arranged on the rope wheel, wherein the centrifugal mechanism comprises two centrifugal throwing blocks and a connecting rod, and the two centrifugal throwing blocks are rotatably mounted on the rope wheel and are respectively connected with rotating pairs at two ends of the connecting rod; the throwing-out side of one centrifugal throwing block is rotatably connected with a braking piece, and correspondingly, a brake disc is coaxially arranged on the wheel shaft;

when the speed limiter is in an overspeed state, the centrifugal swinging block is used for linking the braking piece to move to be attached to the brake disc so as to be in braking fit.

Preferably, the rope wheel is provided with a guide member for guiding and locking the movement of the braking member.

Preferably, the guide piece is a guide post or a guide block, and the braking piece is provided with a limiting hole; the guide piece is movably matched with the limiting hole so as to limit the reset stroke of the centrifugal throwing block.

Preferably, the braking surface of the braking part is an inclined surface or an arc surface.

Preferably, the braking surface of the braking member has a knurling pattern.

Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc is a braking surface and is used for braking and matching with the braking surface of the braking part; the braking surface of the brake disc has a knurl pattern.

Preferably, the rope pulley comprises a rope pulley outer ring and a rope pulley inner ring which are coaxially arranged, and a friction plate is arranged between the rope pulley outer ring and the rope pulley inner ring.

Preferably, the inner ring of the rope wheel comprises a main wheel rim and a friction force adjusting ring coaxially and fixedly mounted on the main wheel rim, the outer edge of the main wheel rim and the outer edge of the friction force adjusting ring form a mounting groove, the inner ring of the outer ring of the rope wheel is embedded in the mounting groove, and two sides of the inner ring of the outer ring of the rope wheel are respectively in friction fit with the main wheel rim and the friction force adjusting ring through friction plates.

As a preferred scheme, one centrifugal throwing block is correspondingly provided with a speed regulating assembly for regulating the speed limit of the speed limiter and resetting the speed limiter.

The invention also provides an elevator, which is characterized in that the speed limiter adopting the scheme is adopted.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the speed limiter disclosed by the invention, under the action of a centrifugal force, the braking part is directly pulled by the centrifugal throwing block, the braking part is self-locked between the braking disc and the rope wheel, so that the rope wheel stops rotating to realize lifting, and the speed limiter has the characteristics of instantaneous triggering and quick response during overspeed detection, so that the braking response time of the safety protection device is prolonged.

The elevator of the invention has the advantages of high safety of overspeed braking of the elevator due to the adoption of the speed limiter with short capture response time and quick response.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a speed governor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a rear view schematic diagram of a speed governor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an axle of embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a speed governor in embodiment 1 of the present invention (the outer sheave ring is omitted);

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a brake pad according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed governor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-8, the speed governor of the embodiment includes a wheel axle 1, a rope pulley 2, a centrifugal mechanism and a brake block 3, wherein the rope pulley 2 is coaxially mounted on the wheel axle 1 through a bearing 4 to realize the rotation of the rope pulley; the brake block 3 and the centrifugal mechanism are arranged on the rope wheel 2.

Specifically, shaft 1 includes spacing section 1a, bearing installation section 1b, shaft shoulder section 1c, brake disc 10 and extension installation section 1e in proper order along its axial, spacing section 1a has the spacing groove for installation axle circlip, so that carry on spacingly to installing in bearing installation section 1 b's bearing 4, the external diameter of shaft shoulder section 1c is greater than the external diameter of bearing installation section 1b, carry on spacingly with axle circlip respectively to the both sides of bearing 4, thereby carry on spacingly to the axial activity of rope sheave 2. The brake disc 10 projects beyond the rope pulley 2 for braking engagement with the brake pads 3, extending the mounting section for mounting of the wheel shaft 1.

The rope sheave 2 comprises a rope sheave outer ring 2a and a rope sheave inner ring 2b which are coaxially arranged, and a friction plate 5 is arranged between the rope sheave outer ring 2a and the rope sheave inner ring 2b so as to realize that friction torque is generated between the rope sheave outer ring 2a and the rope sheave inner ring 2b under the action of spring force, thereby lifting a steel wire rope to generate stable lifting force.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the pulling force of the steel wire rope, the rope pulley inner ring 2b of the embodiment comprises a main rim 2-1 and a friction force adjusting ring 2-2 coaxially and fixedly arranged on the main rim, the friction force adjusting ring 2-1 and a centrifugal mechanism are respectively positioned at two sides of the main rim 2-1, and an adjusting elastic element can be arranged between the friction force adjusting ring 2-2 and the main rim 2-1 to preset positive pressure; the outer edge of the main rim 2-1 and the outer edge of the friction force adjusting ring 2-2 form a mounting groove, an inner ring 2-3 of the rope wheel outer ring 2a is embedded in the mounting groove, two sides of the inner ring 2-3 of the rope wheel outer ring are respectively in friction fit with the main rim 2-1 and the friction force adjusting ring 2-2 through friction plates 5, and the friction plates 5 are distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction of the mounting groove.

The centrifugal mechanism of the embodiment comprises a left centrifugal throwing block 6-1, a right centrifugal throwing block 6-2 and a connecting rod 7, wherein the left centrifugal throwing block 6-1 and the right centrifugal throwing block 6-2 can be rotatably arranged on a main rim 2-1 of a rope pulley and are respectively connected with two end rotating pairs of the connecting rod 7 to realize the linkage of the left centrifugal throwing block 6-1 and the right centrifugal throwing block 6-2; wherein, the throwing-out side of the right centrifugal throwing block 6-2 is rotationally connected with the brake block 3.

In addition, a guide post 8 is fixed on the main wheel ring 2-1 of the rope wheel, and the guide post 8 is used for guiding the movement of the braking part. The brake block 3 is provided with a limiting hole 3a, and the guide post 8 is movably matched with the limiting hole 3a so as to limit the reset stroke of the two centrifugal throwing blocks.

The braking surface of the brake block 3 of the embodiment is a cambered surface, and the braking surface of the brake block is provided with a knurling pattern 30, so that the braking friction coefficient is improved.

The outer peripheral surface of the brake disc 10 of the embodiment is a braking surface for braking cooperation with the braking surface of the brake pad; the braking surface of the brake disc 10 also has a knurl pattern 100 to further increase the coefficient of braking friction.

When the speed limiter is in an overspeed state, the two centrifugal throwing blocks are linked with the brake blocks to move to be attached to the brake disc and to be self-locked, rope wheel braking is achieved, instant triggering is achieved, time delay is reduced, response time is improved, influence on braking response time due to triggering of a braking step is avoided, meanwhile, structural limit design of the centrifugal throwing blocks, increase of impact strength and the like can be omitted, and manufacturing difficulty is greatly reduced.

The right centrifugal flail block of this embodiment is correspondingly equipped with the speed governing assembly for adjust the speed limit of overspeed governor and reset the overspeed governor. Specifically, the speed regulation assembly is arranged on a main rim 2-1 of the rope wheel and comprises a speed regulation spring 9-1, a regulation rod 9-2 and a limiting seat 9-3, the right end of the speed regulation spring 9-1 is connected to the position (namely the lowest side) far away from the rotation center of the right centrifugal throwing block, the left end of the speed regulation spring 9-1 is connected to the right end of the regulation rod 9-2, and the regulation rod 9-2 is in telescopic fit with the limiting seat 9-3 to regulate the elongation of the speed regulation spring 9-1, so that the throwing-out of the right centrifugal throwing block is controlled, and the speed limit of the speed limiter can be controlled; when the adjusting rod 9-2 moves to the target position, the adjusting rod 9-2 is fixed to the limiting seat 9-3, and the specific fixing manner is not described herein, for example, by a fixing pin. In addition, the existing structure only needs to be capable of adjusting the extension amount of the speed adjusting spring, and the adjusting mode is not limited to the adjusting mode.

The embodiment also provides an elevator, and the overspeed brake safety is better by adopting the speed limiter of the embodiment.

Example 2:

the speed governor of the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the braking surface of the brake block is an inclined surface, or the brake block is of a wedge block structure, and the guide column is replaced by a guide structure of a wedge block, so long as the brake block can be drawn close to the brake disc and attached to the brake disc for braking;

other structures can refer to embodiment 1.

The elevator of the present embodiment employs the speed governor of the present embodiment.

Example 3:

the brake block and the speed regulation assembly can also be arranged on a left centrifugal throwing block to realize structural diversification;

other structures can refer to embodiment 1.

Example 4:

the outer ring of the rope wheel and the inner ring of the rope wheel are of an integral structure, and friction plates and a spring adjusting structure are not adopted, so that friction force is generated between the steel wire rope and the rope groove. And the friction force can be generated by an external brake steel wire rope.

Other structures can refer to embodiment 1.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A speed limiter comprises a wheel shaft, a rope wheel rotatably mounted on the wheel shaft and a centrifugal mechanism arranged on the rope wheel, and is characterized in that the centrifugal mechanism comprises two centrifugal throwing blocks and a connecting rod, wherein the two centrifugal throwing blocks are rotatably mounted on the rope wheel and are respectively connected with rotating pairs at two ends of the connecting rod; the throwing-out side of one centrifugal throwing block is rotatably connected with a braking piece, and correspondingly, a brake disc is coaxially arranged on the wheel shaft;

2. A speed limiter in accordance with claim 1 wherein the sheave is provided with guides for guiding and locking the movement of the braking member.

3. The speed governor of claim 2, wherein the guide is a guide post or block and the braking member has a limiting hole; the guide piece is movably matched with the limiting hole so as to limit the reset stroke of the centrifugal throwing block.

4. A speed limiter in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the braking surface of the brake is a ramped or cambered surface.

5. A speed limiter in accordance with claim 4 wherein the braking surface of the braking member has a knurl.

6. A speed limiter in accordance with claim 1 wherein the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc is a braking surface for braking engagement with a braking surface of a braking member; the braking surface of the brake disc has a knurl pattern.

7. The speed governor of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sheave comprises an outer sheave ring and an inner sheave ring that are coaxially mounted, and a friction plate is disposed between the outer sheave ring and the inner sheave ring.

8. The speed governor of claim 7, wherein the inner sheave ring comprises a main rim and a friction force adjusting ring coaxially and fixedly mounted on the main rim, an outer edge of the main rim and an outer edge of the friction force adjusting ring form a mounting groove, an inner ring of the outer sheave ring is fitted in the mounting groove, and two sides of the inner ring of the outer sheave ring are respectively in friction fit with the main rim and the friction force adjusting ring through friction plates.

9. A speed limiter in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein a centrifugal throw is provided with a speed regulation assembly for adjusting the speed limit of the speed limiter and for resetting the speed limiter.

10. Elevator, characterized in that a speed limiter according to any of claims 1-9 is used.