CN114801259A - Preparation method of interlocking type bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of interlocking type bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114801259A CN114801259A CN202210221049.4A CN202210221049A CN114801259A CN 114801259 A CN114801259 A CN 114801259A CN 202210221049 A CN202210221049 A CN 202210221049A CN 114801259 A CN114801259 A CN 114801259A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 201000003373 familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3 Diseases 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/682—Preformed parts characterised by their structure, e.g. form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/683—Pretreatment of the preformed part, e.g. insert
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an interlocking type bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, which is characterized in that the interlocking type assembly and secondary forming of the composite material are adopted, so that the high-quality, high-efficiency, low-cost and low-risk preparation of the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is realized for the first time; the composite material grid structure is assembled and refilled with foam, the upper panel and the lower panel are paved, and then the composite material grid structure is integrally formed by adopting a forming process, so that process amplification is easily realized, and process risks are remarkably reduced; the precise assembly and foam filling of the composite grid structure are realized without any auxiliary tool, so that the problems that the size of an interlayer preformed body is difficult to control precisely and the overall stability and quality uniformity of a product are difficult to control in the forming process of the foam sandwich composite material are solved fundamentally; the whole process flow is simple, the interlocking type assembling precision is high, the preparation efficiency and linear precision of the preformed body are obviously improved, and further the forming efficiency and forming quality of the large-size grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a sandwich structure composite material, in particular to a preparation method of an interlocking type bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, which is mainly applied to low-cost and high-precision molding of the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, especially a large-size bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material.
Background
The traditional foam sandwich composite material is formed by compounding upper and lower composite material panels with higher strength and modulus and a low-density foam sandwich material between the upper and lower panels, and has higher specific strength and specific rigidity; meanwhile, the low-density foam sandwich material has the functions of fire prevention, heat insulation, sound insulation, energy absorption and the like, so that the traditional foam sandwich composite material becomes a typical structure and function integrated material and is widely applied to the fields of rail transit, high-speed trains, aerospace, ships, ocean engineering and the like. However, with the ever-increasing requirements of engineering applications on structural properties, the traditional foam sandwich composite materials have been unable to meet the requirements.
At present, it is common to introduce a composite material grid structure into a foam sandwich material of a conventional foam sandwich composite material to construct a novel sandwich structure composite material, i.e. a grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, wherein a main part is the conventional foam sandwich composite material, and a reinforced part is a composite material grid structure. Therefore, grid structure reinforcing foam core composite material has integrateed traditional foam core composite material and the advantage of combined material grid structure separately, has both kept advantages such as the lower density of traditional foam core composite material, higher strength, higher modulus, has played the outstanding mechanical properties of composite material grid structure again, promptly: on the premise that the overall density is slightly increased, the mechanical properties of the grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material such as flat pressure, lateral pressure, bending, shearing, impact resistance and the like are remarkably improved.
The grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is divided into a unidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material and a bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, and the unidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material realizes a 2D reinforcing effect, namely an X/Z or Y/Z direction; the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is a typical grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, and realizes a 3D reinforcing effect, namely X// Y/Z three directions. Compared with the unidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material has more excellent mechanical properties such as flat pressure, side pressure, bending, shearing, impact resistance and the like. The unidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material and the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material have great difference in spatial structure form, so that the preparation methods of the unidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material and the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are completely different. From the spatial structure characteristics of the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, the composite material grid structure is distributed in the longitudinal and transverse directions in the plane and extends to the upper panel and the lower panel in the thickness direction, a 3D mesh structure which is longitudinally and transversely staggered is presented, and the foam core plate which is taken as a whole in the traditional foam sandwich composite material is originally divided into discrete foam blocks by the mesh structure. When the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material interlayer preformed body is prepared, the first problem is that foam blocks with huge number are difficult to accurately arrange and fix, and the second problem is that the fiber fabric for the grid structure is difficult to finish paving in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
The grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is a novel composite material sandwich structure, and no open and complete forming process solution is available at present. The lattice reinforced composite sandwich structure is prepared by splitting the core material in the thickness direction, filling resin or dry fiber cloth in the split gap position and performing a vacuum infusion process, wherein the lattice is a resin cast body or a fiber reinforced composite material, and the reinforcing effect of the fiber reinforced composite material lattice is far better than that of the resin cast body lattice. However, the dry fiber cloth is soft, the filling amount of the fiber cloth in the gaps of the core material is difficult to control, and the fiber cloth is easy to accumulate, bend and the like under vacuum pressure, so that the volume fraction, the quality consistency and the like of the lattice fibers of the fiber reinforced composite material are difficult to accurately control, and the lattice reinforcing effect is greatly reduced, and the performance discreteness of the sandwich structure of the lattice reinforced composite material is obviously improved. In addition, in the molding processes described in other published documents, either the manufacturing cost is low but the quality consistency is poor, or the quality consistency is good but the manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material, so as to solve the problem that no low-cost high-precision preparation method for a bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material exists at present.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of an interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material comprises the following steps:
step 4, assembling the composite material grid structure, and wedging a plurality of first grid structure plates and a plurality of second grid structure plates into each other through slotting to form a regular grid-shaped structure;
step 5, processing the foam core material, and preparing the foam core material matched with the composite material grid structure;
step 6, filling foam core materials, spraying a proper amount of spray glue on the composite material grid structure, and sequentially filling the processed foam core materials into the grids until all the grids are filled;
step 7, laying a lower panel, determining the number of layers and the laying mode of the fiber fabric to be laid according to the target thickness of the panel and the type of the selected reinforced fiber fabric, wherein the size of the fiber fabric is 5-50 mm larger than the planar size of the composite material grid structure, cutting the fiber fabric and laying according to the laying design;
8, paving an upper panel, namely paving the upper panel on the composite material grid structure filled with the foam core material to form a preformed body, wherein the paving requirement of the upper panel is the same as that of the lower panel;
and 9, integrally forming, namely integrally forming the preformed body by adopting a VARI or RTM forming process.
Further, in the step 1, the adopted forming process is a VARI, mold pressing, autoclave or OOA forming process.
Further, the airing time in the step 3 is 10 min.
Further, step 3 requires chamfering both the first and second grid structure plates before cleaning them with alcohol or acetone.
Further, in the grid-like structure formed in step 4, all the grids are the same size and match the size of the foam core.
Furthermore, the fiber fabric for preparing the composite material grid structure is dry fiber cloth/prepreg made of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density of the fiber fabric is more than or equal to 100 g/m 2 (ii) a And the type of fiber fabric used for the first and second grid structure plates may be the same or different.
Further, the foam core material is made of foaming type material, and the density is less than or equal to 400 kg/m 3 。
Further, the lower panel/upper panel is one or more of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density is more than or equal to 100 g/m 2 And the thickness of the lower/upper panel, the layering manner and the type of fiber fabric used may be the same or different.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is prepared with high quality, high efficiency, low cost and low risk for the first time through the interlocking type assembly and secondary forming of the composite material; secondly, the composite material grid structure is assembled and refilled with foam, the upper panel and the lower panel are paved, and then the composite material grid structure is integrally formed by adopting a VARI or RTM process, so that the process amplification is easily realized, and the process risk is remarkably reduced; thirdly, the precise assembly and foam filling of the composite grid structure are realized without any auxiliary tool, and the problems that the dimension of an interlayer preformed body is difficult to control precisely and the overall stability and quality uniformity of a product are difficult to control in the forming process of the grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are solved fundamentally; fourthly, the preparation of the reinforced foam sandwich composite material with different types of bidirectional grid structures can be realized through the design of the slotting mode, the slotting size and the like of the composite material grid structure; fifthly, the whole process flow is simple, the interlocking type assembling precision is high, the preparation efficiency and the linear precision of the preformed body are obviously improved, and further the forming efficiency and the forming quality of the large-size grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the distribution of foam core material in a composite grid structure when the grooving angles of the first and second grid structure plates are both 90 degrees in the example;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the foam core material in the composite grid structure in the example where the inclination angle of the slits of the first grid structure plate is 90 ° and the inclination angle of the slits of the second grid structure plate is 45 °;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the foam core material in the composite grid structure when the inclination angle of the slits of the first grid structure plate is greater than 45 ° and the inclination angle of the slits of the second grid structure plate is 45 ° in the example;
FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of slotting a first lattice structure plate;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of slotting a second lattice structure plate;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of one of the minimum repeating units of the lattice structure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a minimum repeating unit of the lattice structure;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a minimum repeating unit of the lattice structure;
the labels in the figure are: 1. a first grid structure plate 2, a second grid structure plate 3 and a foam core material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation method of an interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material comprises the following steps:
defining the inclination angle of the grooves as theta, wherein the length, the width and the thickness of the first grid structure plate 1 are respectively h1, t and d1, the length and the width of the grooves are respectively a/sin theta and d3, and the center distance of the grooves is d 2; the length, width and thickness of the second grid structure plate 2 are h2, t and d3 respectively, the length and width of the slots are b/sin theta and d1 respectively, and the center distance between adjacent slots is d 4.
step 4, assembling the composite material grid structure, and wedging a plurality of first grid structure plates 1 and a plurality of second grid structure plates 2 into each other through slotting to form a regular grid-shaped structure; it should be noted here that all the meshes in the grid-like structure have the same size, and any mesh is defined as a mesh structure minimal repeating unit, the size of the mesh structure minimal repeating unit depends on the thickness of the first and second grid structure plates 1 and 2 and the center-to-center distance between the adjacent slots on the first and second grid structure plates 1 and second grid structure, and then the length, width, and thickness of the mesh structure minimal repeating unit are respectively: d2-d3, d4-d1, t; the shape of the smallest repeating unit of the lattice structure depends on the grooving direction of the first lattice structure plate 1 and the second lattice structure.
Step 5, processing the foam core material, and preparing the foam core material 3 matched with the composite material grid structure, wherein the size and the shape of the foam core material 3 are the same as the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure;
step 6, filling the foam core material, spraying a proper amount of spray glue on the composite material grid structure at the speed of 30cm/s, and sequentially filling the processed foam core material 3 into the grids until all the grids are filled;
step 7, laying a lower panel, determining the number of layers and the laying mode of the fiber fabric to be laid according to the target thickness of the panel and the type of the selected reinforced fiber fabric, wherein the size of the fiber fabric is 5-50 mm larger than the planar size of the composite material grid structure, cutting the fiber fabric and laying according to the laying design;
8, paving an upper panel, namely paving the upper panel on the composite material grid structure filled with the foam core material 3 to form a preformed body, wherein the paving requirement of the upper panel is the same as that of the lower panel;
and 9, integrally forming, namely integrally forming the preformed body by adopting a VARI or RTM forming process.
Furthermore, the fiber fabric for preparing the composite material grid structure is dry fiber cloth/prepreg made of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density of the fiber fabric is more than or equal to 100 g/m 2 (ii) a And the type of the fiber fabric used for the first and second grid structure plates 1 and 2 may be the same or different.
For the best use effect, the lengths h1 and h2 of the first grid structure plate 1 and the second grid structure plate 2 are 50 mm-3000 mm, the width t is 10mm-300mm, the thicknesses d1 and d3 are 0.2mm-10mm, the distances between centers of adjacent grooves d2 and d4 are 15mm-200mm, and the inclination angle theta of the grooves is 30-90 degrees. The sum of the components of both slot lengths in the direction of the thickness of the grid structure is equal to the grid structure width t, i.e. a + b = t, the slot width d3 of the first grid structure plate 1 is equal to the thickness d3 of the second grid structure plate 2, and the slot width d1 of the second grid structure plate 2 is equal to the thickness d1 of the first grid structure plate 1. The number of the first grid structure plates 1 is more than or equal to 2, the number of the second grid structure plates 2 is more than or equal to 2, and the numbers of the first grid structure plates and the second grid structure plates are mutually independent.
The processing tolerance of the width t is +/-0.5 mm, the processing tolerances of the slotting length a/sin theta of the first grid structure plate 1 and the slotting length b/sin theta of the second grid structure plate 2 are +/-0.2 mm, and the processing tolerances of the slotting widths d1 and d3 are +/-0.2 mm.
Further, the foam core 3 is made of a foaming type material, and specifically, the foam core may be: foamed materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polymethacrylimide (PMI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyurethane (PU) and the like, and the density is less than or equal to 400 kg/m 3 。
The length of the foam core material 3 is d4-d1-0.5mm, and the processing tolerance is-0.5 mm-0 mm; the width is d2-d3-0.5mm, and the processing tolerance is-0.5 mm-0 mm; the thickness is t +0.5mm, and the processing tolerance is 0mm-0.5 mm.
Further, the lower panel/upper panel is one or more of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density is more than or equal to 100 g/m 2 And the thickness of the lower/upper panel, the layering manner and the type of fiber fabric used may be the same or different.
Further, the type of fiber fabric used for preparing the first and second grid-structured sheets 1 and 2 may be the same as or different from that used for the lower/upper sheet.
Example one
In this embodiment, the inclination angles of the grooves of the first lattice structure plate 1 and the second lattice structure plate 2 are both 90 °, specifically referring to fig. 1-3, the first lattice structure plate 1h1=812.4mm, t =29.5mm, d1=0.4, a =15mm, d3=0.4mm, d2=40.4mm, the number is 31, the second lattice structure plate 2h2=1216.4mm, t =29.5mm, d3=0.4, b =14.5mm, d1=0.4mm, d4=40.4mm, the number is 21; the length, width and thickness of the foam core material 3 are 39.5mm, 39.5mm and 30mm respectively; in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a minimum repeating unit of a grid structure is shown in fig. 12, and a longitudinal section and a cross section of the minimum repeating unit are rectangular.
The first grid structure plate 1 and the second grid structure plate 2 are made of fiber fabrics with the surface density of 198 g/m 2 The number of the twill carbon fiber cloth is 2 layers; the foam core material 3 was 80 kg/m 3 The PVC foam of (1); the surface density of the fiber fabrics for the upper and lower panels is 400 g/m 2 The number of the E glass fiber plaid is 8 layers.
The preparation process of the grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a laminated plate for a composite material grid structure: preparing a satin high-strength glass fiber cloth laminated board by adopting a VARI (vacuum amorphous resin) forming process;
(b) processing a composite material grid structure: according to the structural design of the composite material grid, firstly processing a rectangular laminated batten, and then grooving the rectangular laminated batten to obtain a first grid structural plate 1 and a second grid structural plate 2;
the grooving diagrams of the first and second lattice-structured plates 1 and 2 are shown in fig. 10 and 11, respectively;
(c) treating the end of the composite material grid structure: in the length direction of the grating structure, the length of the laminated plate at the outer part of the groove at the two ends is 2mm, and the upper edge and the lower edge need to be chamfered; cleaning the treated composite material grid structure with alcohol or acetone, and airing for 10min for later use;
(d) assembling a composite material grid structure: wedging the first grid structure plate 1 and the second grid structure plate 2 into each other to realize interlocking type assembly and form a regular periodic net-shaped structure;
(e) and (3) processing of the foam core material: the size and shape of the foam core material 3 are the same as the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure;
(f) filling a foam core material: spraying a proper amount of spray glue on the interlocking mesh structure at the speed of 30cm/s, and sequentially filling the processed foam core material 3 into the mesh structure until all meshes are filled;
(g) laying a lower panel: determining the number of layers, the laying mode and the like of fiber fabrics to be laid according to the target thickness of the panel and the type of the selected reinforced fiber fabrics, wherein the size of the fiber fabrics is 15mm larger than the planar size of the interlocking grid structure, and then cutting the fiber fabrics and laying according to the laying design;
(h) laying an upper panel: an upper panel is laid on the composite material grid structure filled with the foam core material 3 to form a preformed body, and the laying requirement is the same as that of a lower panel;
(i) integral molding: and integrally forming the preformed body by adopting a VARI forming process.
Example two
The structural parameters and the material system used in the second embodiment are basically the same as those in the first embodiment, except that the preparation process comprises the following step (i):
(i) integral molding: and putting the whole preformed body into a mold cavity, and integrally molding the preformed body by adopting an RTM (resin transfer molding) process.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a minimum repeating unit of a grid structure is shown in fig. 12, and a longitudinal section and a cross section of the minimum repeating unit are rectangular.
EXAMPLE III
In the third embodiment, the tilt angle of the grooves of the first lattice structure plate 1 is 90 ° and the tilt angle of the grooves of the second lattice structure plate 2 is 45 °, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 4-6, the first lattice structure plate 1 has h1=814.5mm, t =29.5mm, d1=0.5, a =15mm, d3=0.5mm, d2=40.5mm, and the number of the first lattice structure plate 1 is 31, and the second lattice structure plate 2 has h2=1219.5mm, t =29.5mm, d3=0.5, b =14.5mm, d1=0.5mm, d4=40.5mm, and the number of the second lattice structure plate 2 is 21; the length, width and thickness of the foam core 3 are 39.5mm, 39.5mm and 30mm respectively.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure is shown in fig. 13, and a longitudinal section of the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure is an isosceles trapezoid, and a cross section of the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure is a rectangle.
The first grid structure plate 1 and the second grid structure plate 2 are made of carbon fiber prepregs with fiber fabrics, and the number of the prepregs is 4; the foam core material 3 was 80 kg/m 3 The PVC foam of (1); the surface density of the fiber fabrics for the upper and lower panels is 400 g/m 2 The number of the E glass fiber plaid is 8 layers.
Example three the preparation process was substantially the same as in example one except that the preparation process was step (a), and the example three steps (a) were:
(a) preparing a laminated plate for a composite material grid structure: and preparing the laminated plate by adopting an autoclave molding process.
Example four
In the fourth embodiment, the angle of inclination of the slots of the first lattice structure plate 1 is greater than 45 ° and the angle of inclination of the slots of the second lattice structure plate 2 is 45 °, in particular, referring to fig. 7 to 9, the first lattice structure plate 1 has h1=1212.4mm, t =29.5mm, d1=0.4, a =15mm, d3=0.4mm, d2=60.4mm, the number of the first lattice structure plate 1 is 31, and the second lattice structure plate 2 has h2=1216.4mm, t =29.5mm, d3=0.4, b =14.5mm, d1=0.4mm, d4=40.4mm, the number of the second lattice structure plate 2 is 21; the length, width and thickness of the foam core 3 were 59.5mm, 39.5mm and 30mm, respectively.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure is shown in fig. 14, and both the longitudinal section and the cross section of the minimum repeating unit of the grid structure are isosceles trapezoids.
Example four the same material system was used as in example one.
Example four the procedure was the same as in example one.
EXAMPLE five
Fifth embodiment is a two-way grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material with different longitudinal and transverse grid structures, in this embodiment, the slant angle of the slots of the first grid structure plate 1 is greater than 45 ° and the slant angle of the slots of the second grid structure plate 2 is 45 °, specifically referring to fig. 7-9, h1=1193.6mm, t =29.5mm, d1=0.4, a/sin θ =21.2mm, d3=0.4mm, d2=40.4mm, the number of the first grid structure plate 1 is 31, h2=1216.4mm, t =29.5mm, d3=0.4, b/sin θ =20.5mm, d1=0.4mm, d4=40.4mm, the number of the second grid structure plate 2 is 24; the thickness of the foam core material 3 is 39.5mm, the cross section is isosceles trapezoid, and the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height are respectively 19.5mm, 79.5mm and 30 mm.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural view of the minimum repeating unit of the lattice structure is shown in fig. 14, and both the longitudinal section and the cross section of the minimum repeating unit are isosceles trapezoids.
The material system used in example five was the same as in example one.
Example five the procedure was the same as in example one.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the high-quality, high-efficiency, low-cost and low-risk preparation of the bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material for the first time through the interlocking assembly and secondary forming of the composite material; the composite material grid structure is assembled and refilled with foam, the upper panel and the lower panel are paved, and then the composite material grid structure is integrally formed by adopting a VARI or RTM process, so that the process amplification is easily realized, and the process risk is remarkably reduced; the precise assembly and foam filling of the composite grid structure are realized without any auxiliary tool, so that the problems that the dimension of an interlayer preformed body is difficult to control precisely and the overall stability and quality uniformity of a product are difficult to control in the forming process of the grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are solved fundamentally; the preparation of the reinforced foam sandwich composite material with different types of bidirectional grid structures can be realized by designing the slotting mode, the slotting size and the like of the composite material grid structure; the whole process flow is simple, the interlocking type assembling precision is high, the preparation efficiency and linear precision of the preformed body are obviously improved, and further the forming efficiency and forming quality of the large-size grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material are greatly improved.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a laminated plate for a composite material grid structure, wherein the laminated plate for the composite material grid structure is prepared by adopting a forming process;
step 2, processing the laminated plate, wherein the composite material grid structure is a grid-shaped structure formed by combining a plurality of first grid structure plates and a plurality of second grid structure plates, the laminated plate prepared in the step 1 is processed according to the configurations of the first grid structure plates and the second grid structure plates, and the laminated plate is grooved after being processed;
step 3, preprocessing, cleaning the first grid structure plate and the second grid structure plate by using alcohol or acetone, and airing for later use;
step 4, assembling the composite material grid structure, and wedging a plurality of first grid structure plates and a plurality of second grid structure plates into each other through slotting to form a regular grid-shaped structure;
step 5, processing the foam core material, and preparing the foam core material matched with the composite material grid structure;
step 6, filling foam core materials, spraying a proper amount of spray glue on the composite material grid structure, and sequentially filling the processed foam core materials into the grids until all the grids are filled;
step 7, laying a lower panel, determining the number of layers and the laying mode of the fiber fabric to be laid according to the target thickness of the panel and the type of the selected reinforced fiber fabric, wherein the size of the fiber fabric is 5-50 mm larger than the planar size of the composite material grid structure, cutting the fiber fabric and laying according to the laying design;
8, paving an upper panel, namely paving the upper panel on the composite material grid structure filled with the foam core material to form a preformed body, wherein the paving requirement of the upper panel is the same as that of the lower panel;
and 9, integrally forming, namely integrally forming the preformed body by adopting a VARI or RTM forming process.
2. The method for preparing the interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molding process adopted in step 1 is VARI, mold pressing, autoclave or OOA molding process.
3. The method for preparing the interlocking bi-directional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the airing time in step 3 is 10 min.
4. The method for preparing the interlocking bi-directional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 3 is performed by chamfering the first grid structure plate and the second grid structure plate before cleaning them with alcohol or acetone.
5. The method for preparing an interlocked bi-directional lattice structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material according to claim 1, wherein the size of all the lattice in the lattice-like structure formed in step 4 is the same and matched to the size of the foam core.
6. The method for preparing the interlocking bidirectional grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber fabric for preparing the composite grid structure is dry fiber cloth/prepreg made of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density of the dry fiber cloth/prepreg is not less than 100 g/m 2 (ii) a And the type of fiber fabric used for the first and second grid structure plates may be the same or different.
7. The method for preparing the interlocking two-way grid structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foam core material is made of foaming type material with density less than or equal to 400 kg/m 3 。
8. The method for preparing the interlocking bidirectional grille structure reinforced foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower panel/upper panel is one or more of glass fiber, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, quartz fiber, Kevlar fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or PBO fiber, and the surface density is not less than 100 g/m 2 And the thickness of the lower/upper panel, the layering manner and the type of fiber fabric used may be the same or different.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117141012A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-01 | 廊坊市飞泽复合材料科技有限公司 | Foam material reinforcing method |
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