CN114800230B

CN114800230B - Optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment and method

Info

Publication number: CN114800230B
Application number: CN202210252677.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴攀; 崔杰; 黄静; 胡鑫阳
Original assignee: Xi'an Chaona Precision Optics Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Chaona Precision Optics Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-11
Filing date: 2022-03-11
Publication date: 2023-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-11
Also published as: CN114800230A

Abstract

The invention discloses polishing equipment and a polishing method for capillary holes of optical glass, which belong to the technical field of precise optical detection instrument equipment, wherein a stand column is fixed on a workpiece, a polishing line penetrates through the workpiece and moves along with a workbench, the capillary holes of the workpiece are polished, and a peristaltic pump uniformly drops polishing medium suspension on the polishing line; the control panel is used for setting the motion parameters of the workbench, different parameters are selected according to different states such as the finish requirements and the removal amount of the polished holes, the workbench is driven to move by the moving unit, the removal amount is controlled accurately, the size of capillary holes is controlled strictly, the position distance size of the capillary holes and other holes is guaranteed, the micrometer level is achieved, the machining precision is improved, the polished workpiece is assembled on the optical detection instrument, and the detection precision of the instrument can be greatly improved.

Description

Optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of precise optical detection instruments and equipment, and relates to optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment and a polishing method.

Background

Optical glass is applied to precision optical detection equipment, wherein an optical lens and an optical cavity are most widely used. The polishing technology of the outer surfaces such as the plane spherical surface is mature, the polishing method of the inner hole of the long capillary hole of the inner cavity of the optical cavity is single and difficult, and the inner hole is etched and polished by adopting chemical reagents. The method is easy to cause the problem of poor uniformity of the hole wall after polishing, and the smoothness of the inner hole is difficult to achieve. Poor smoothness of capillary holes in the inner cavity can increase loss of the light path after light is transmitted, influence light transmission quality and reduce the precision of optical detection equipment. Furthermore, the chemical reagent is gradually disabled after polishing a certain number of workpieces, so that the chemical reagent cannot be used any more, the disabled chemical reagent cannot be treated randomly, and the chemical reagent must be recovered and stored after being neutralized, thus increasing the cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment and a polishing method, so as to solve the problems of poor uniformity and poor smoothness of a hole wall after polishing in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses an optical glass capillary hole polishing device, which comprises: the device comprises a workbench, a polishing line, an upright post, a peristaltic pump, a control panel, a device base and a moving unit; the stand column is fixed on the equipment base, the stand column is used for fixing a workpiece, the polishing line penetrates through the workpiece and is fixed on the workbench, the peristaltic pump filled with polishing medium suspension is arranged above the polishing line, the workbench is fixed on the moving unit, and the control panel is electrically connected with the workbench and the moving unit;

the workbench is sequentially provided with a winding coil, a guide wheel and an elastic positioning block from outside to inside; the two ends of the polishing wire are fixed on the coil winding and sequentially contact the guide wheel and the elastic positioning block; the upright post is provided with a clamping tool, and a workpiece is fixed on the upright post through the clamping tool.

Preferably, a clamping tool is arranged on the upright post, and the workpiece is fixed on the upright post through the clamping tool.

Preferably, the mobile unit includes: the device comprises a driving motor, a transmission screw rod, a limit stop and a positioning stop; the transmission lead screw is fixed on the equipment base, one end is connected with driving motor, driving motor is connected with the control panel electricity, and location dog setting is on the transmission lead screw, and limit stop sets up the location dog inboard on the transmission lead screw to limit stop connects the workstation.

Preferably, a recovery box is further arranged on the workbench, and the recovery box is located below the peristaltic pump.

Preferably, the polishing line comprises: nylon thread, wool thread and nylon wool blend thread. The polishing medium suspension comprises white corundum suspension and polishing powder suspension.

The invention also discloses a polishing method of the optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment, which comprises the following steps:

step one: fixing the workpiece on the upright post;

step two: penetrating the capillary holes of the workpiece by using a polishing line;

step three: the polishing wire bypasses the elastic positioning block and the guide wheel, is fixed on the winding ring, locks the winding ring, and then adjusts the elastic positioning block and the guide wheel to the working position;

step four: opening a peristaltic pump to drop the polishing medium suspension on a polishing line;

step five: setting working parameters on a control panel, and starting to move the workbench according to the working parameters;

step six: and closing the peristaltic pump after polishing is finished, and taking down the workpiece.

Preferably, in the first step, a clamping tool is arranged on the upright post, the clamping tool is used for fixing a workpiece on the upright post, a plane parallel to the capillary holes on the workpiece is leveled by a lever dial indicator, the straightness is less than 0.05, and the workpiece is fixed tightly after the leveling.

Preferably, the operating parameters in the fifth step include: polishing time, stage travel speed, and travel distance.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment, wherein a workpiece is fixed by an upright post, a polishing line passes through the workpiece and moves along with a workbench, the workpiece capillary holes are polished, the motion parameters of the workbench are set through a control panel, different parameters are selected according to different states of the polishing hole such as the finish degree requirement, the removal amount and the like, and the workbench is driven by a moving unit to move, so that the removal amount is controlled accurately, the size of the capillary holes is controlled strictly, the position distance between the capillary holes and other holes is ensured, the size of the capillary holes reaches a micron level, the machining precision is improved, the polished workpiece is assembled on an optical detection instrument, and the detection precision of the instrument can be greatly improved; the peristaltic pump is arranged to be beneficial to uniformly dripping the polishing medium suspension on the polishing line; the workbench is provided with a winding coil, a guide wheel and an elastic positioning block, the winding coil is used for fixing and storing polishing lines, the guide wheel, the elastic positioning block, the guide wheel and the elastic positioning block are provided with an up-down adjustable device for adjusting the height position of the polishing lines, the polishing lines are straightened and the up-down, left-right directions of capillary holes to be polished are on the same straight line, and the elastic positioning block is used for adjusting the tensioning force of the polishing lines.

Further, the clamping tool is arranged on the upright post, so that the workpiece can be fixed, and the machining precision is improved.

Furthermore, the workbench is provided with a recovery box, the polishing medium suspension liquid is convenient to recover and collect during polishing, and the polishing medium suspension liquid can be reused after being collected, so that the use cost is saved.

Further, the left-right movement distance of the polishing line is confirmed according to the length of the polishing capillary hole, the positions of the left side and the right side of the limit stop are adjusted, the driving screw is driven to rotate by forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor, and then the workbench is driven to move left and right.

The invention also discloses a polishing method using the optical glass capillary hole polishing equipment, which comprises the steps of fixing the polishing wire on the winding ring, adjusting the elastic positioning block and the guide wheel, and being beneficial to adjusting the polishing wire and the capillary hole on a straight line by virtue of the adjustable devices on the guide wheel and the elastic positioning block, wherein the elastic positioning block can ensure the stability of the tensioning force after the polishing wire is straightened, is beneficial to improving the roundness error of the polishing hole, can accurately control the removal amount during polishing, and ensures the size precision of the polished hole; the peristaltic pump can suspend polishing medium in water uniformly to form polishing solution with uniform particles, which is beneficial to the polishing medium suspension to be in uniform contact with a polishing line, working parameters are set on the control panel, the workbench starts to move according to the working parameters, different parameters are selected according to different states of polishing hole finish requirements, removal amount and the like, the removal amount is controlled accurately, the size of capillary holes is controlled strictly, the position distance size of the capillary holes and other holes is guaranteed, the micrometer level is reached, and the processing precision is improved; the method does not use chemical reagent, so the method has no danger and does not use any protection during polishing. In addition, the method has no environmental pollution problem, does not need to carry out neutralization treatment, recovery and storage, and saves storage space and processing cost.

Further, a clamping tool is arranged on the upright post, the workpiece is fixed on the upright post by the clamping tool, a plane parallel to the capillary holes on the workpiece is leveled by the lever dial indicator, and the straightness is less than 0.05, so that the machining precision is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a polishing line;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the constitution of a polishing apparatus;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a polishing capillary;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the side shape of the capillary hole.

Wherein: 1-a workbench; 2-winding the coil; 3-guiding wheels; 4-an elastic positioning block; 5-clamping the tool; 6-a workpiece; 7-stand columns; 8-polishing the line; 9-hose; 10-peristaltic pump; 11-polishing powder suspension; 12-a recovery box; 13-a control panel; 14-driving a motor; 15-driving a screw rod; 16-limit stops; 17-positioning a stop block; 18-device base.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram is produced for the polishing line of the invention, the polishing line is produced by straightening and rubbing two nylon lines, wool lines and nylon lines together for 3 kinds, coating polishing asphalt on the outer layer of the line, and adding polishing powder. The manufacturing method comprises heating polished asphalt in stainless steel round bar until it is completely melted, and fixing two ends of nylon wire or wool wire with measured diameter on a frame with length of about 1.5-2 m, wherein the fixing method of the wire is shown in figure 1. Then a thin polishing asphalt layer is uniformly coated on the knitting wool by a small writing brush, a layer of white corundum or polishing powder is uniformly sprayed on the knitting wool by a spray gun filled with white corundum or polishing powder, a layer of thin polishing asphalt layer is coated by a writing brush, and then a layer of white corundum or polishing powder is sprayed, and the method is repeated for 6-8 times. And (3) placing the polished wires in a shade place after the polished wires are manufactured until asphalt is cooled and solidified, and taking down and collecting the manufactured polished wires. The next polishing line is manufactured by the method. And manufacturing polishing lines with different diameters according to nylon wires and wool wires with different diameters so as to polish capillary holes with different diameters. The diameter of the polishing line is generally between 0.5 and 2.5mm before manufacturing, the diameter of the polishing line is increased by 0.2 after manufacturing, the diameter is changed into 0.7 to 2.7mm, the granularity of white corundum or polishing powder added during manufacturing is marked, the diameter mark is measured after manufacturing and stored, different polishing lines are selected according to the diameter of a hole to be polished and the removal amount of the hole during use, and the diameter of the polishing line is generally 0.2 to 0.3mm smaller than the diameter of the polishing hole.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the optical glass capillary hole polishing device disclosed by the invention comprises a workbench 1, a polishing line 8, a stand column 7, a peristaltic pump 10, a control panel 13, a device base 18 and a moving unit; the stand column 7 is fixed on the equipment base 18, the stand column 7 is used for fixing the workpiece 6, the polishing line 8 penetrates through the workpiece 6 and is fixed on the workbench 1, the peristaltic pump 10 filled with polishing medium suspension 11 is arranged above the polishing line 8, the workbench 1 is fixed on the mobile unit, and the control panel 13 is electrically connected with the workbench 1 and the mobile unit; the workbench 1 is sequentially provided with a winding coil 2, a guide wheel 3 and an elastic positioning block 4 from outside to inside; the two ends of the polishing line 8 are fixed on the coil 2 and sequentially contact the guide wheel 3 and the elastic positioning block 4; the workbench 1 is also provided with a recovery box 12, and the recovery box 12 is positioned below the peristaltic pump 10; the mobile unit includes: a driving motor 14, a transmission screw 15, a limit stop 16 and a positioning stop 17; the transmission screw rod 15 is fixed on the equipment base 18, one end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the driving motor 14, the driving motor 14 is electrically connected with the control panel 13, the positioning stop block 17 is arranged on the transmission screw rod 15, the limit stop block 16 is arranged on the inner side of the positioning stop block 17 on the transmission screw rod 15, and the limit stop block 16 is connected with the workbench 1; when the workpiece is polished, the workpiece 6 is clamped on the upright post 7 by the tool 5, a plane parallel to the capillary holes on the workpiece is leveled by the lever dial indicator, the straightness is less than 0.05, and the workpiece 6 is fixed tightly after the leveling. A fine copper wire with the diameter smaller than 0.2 is used for carrying a polishing wire 8 to slowly pass through a capillary hole of a workpiece 6, the end of the polishing wire 8 bypasses an elastic positioning block 4 and a guide wheel 3 and is then fixed on a winding coil 2, and the winding coil 2 is locked and can not rotate; then, the upper, lower, left and right space positions of the guide wheel 3 are adjusted, the other end of the polishing line 8 is also fixed on the winding coil 2 through the guide wheel 3, and the winding coil 2 is locked. The left-right movement distance of the polishing line 8 is confirmed according to the length of the polishing capillary hole, the movement distance of the polishing line is set by adjusting the positions of the left side and the right side of the limit stop 16, and then a switch of the polishing medium hose 9 is turned on, so that polishing powder is uniformly dripped on the polishing line. Parameters including polishing time, moving speed of the workbench and the like are set on the controller panel 13, the moving speed of the workbench is 80-130 times per minute, the control switch on the panel is turned on, at the moment, the driving motor 14 rotates positively and negatively, the workbench 1 is driven to reciprocate left and right by the driving screw 15, and the polishing line 8 fixed on the workbench 1 can move left and right. When the set polishing time is up, the equipment can automatically stop, at the moment, a switch of a polishing medium pipeline is closed, the polishing line is taken out of a workpiece capillary hole, the workpiece is taken down from a tool and cleaned, then the size is measured, the finish of the wall of the polishing hole is checked under a microscope, if no problem exists, the workpiece is qualified, if the problem exists, the time is calculated again, the workpiece is clamped again, and the workpiece is polished again until the qualified size is reached.

The invention installs new tools and tools on an automatic machine, and polishes capillary holes with new polishing medium. The workpiece 6 to be polished is fixed on a stationary upright post 7, a polishing line 8 for polishing is fixed on the workbench 1, polishing powder suspension 11 is added on the polishing line 8, the workbench 1 is driven by a driving motor 14, and the surface layer of the hole wall is removed through the reciprocating motion of the polishing line 8, so that the effects of polishing the hole wall and removing a small amount of size are achieved. The polishing line 8 is made of different materials and different thicknesses according to the requirements of the shape, the size, the removal amount, the smoothness and the like of the hole to be polished, and the polishing medium in the polishing powder suspension 11 is white corundum, polishing powder and the like. The white corundum and the polishing powder also have different coarse and fine granularity, and different granularity can be selected according to the size of the size removal amount and the requirements of the pore wall smoothness of the capillary pores during polishing. The polishing machine can also drive the position change of the polishing line through the space movement of the workbench 1, the shape of the hole can be changed during polishing, and the hole can be repaired when the shape of the hole is irregular.

Referring to fig. 4, an enlarged view of the side shape of the capillary hole is shown, wherein a is a circular capillary hole, B is an elliptical capillary hole, and C is a kidney-shaped capillary hole.

step one: fixing the workpiece 6 on a clamping tool 5 of the upright post 7, fixing the workpiece 6 on the upright post 7 by the clamping tool 5, leveling a plane parallel to the capillary holes on the workpiece 6 by using a lever dial indicator, and fixing the workpiece 6 tightly after leveling;

step two: carrying the polishing wire 8 through the capillary holes of the workpiece 6 by using a fine copper wire with the diameter smaller than 0.2;

step three: the polishing line 8 bypasses the elastic positioning block 4 and the guide wheel 3, is fixed on the winding coil 2, locks the winding coil 2, and then adjusts the elastic positioning block 4 and the guide wheel 3 to the working position;

step four: a peristaltic pump 10 is turned on, and a polishing medium suspension 11 is dripped on the polishing line 8 through a hose 9;

step five: setting working parameters, namely polishing time, moving speed and moving distance of the workbench, on the control panel 13, and starting to move the workbench 1 according to the working parameters;

step six: after polishing is completed, peristaltic pump 10 is turned off and workpiece 6 is removed.

The invention has simple operation, good polishing effect and high polishing efficiency. In the early stage of equipment debugging, a large amount of experimental data are used for statistics, polishing lines with different materials and different thicknesses are used for polishing media with different thicknesses and granularities, the moving speed of the polishing lines per minute is measured, the removal amount per minute in each state is recorded by measuring the change of the size before and after polishing, and different parameters are selected according to different states such as the finish requirements of polishing holes, the removal amount and the like in normal operation. For example, the polishing line 8 is a wool polishing medium of 0.8-1 micron, and the removal amount per minute is very small when the cerium oxide polishing powder is polished, and reaches 0.002-0.005 mm/min, so that the size of capillary holes can be very strictly controlled, the position distance size of the capillary holes and other holes can be ensured, the micrometer level can be reached, the precision is very high, the polished workpiece 6 is assembled on an optical detection instrument, and the detection precision of the instrument can be greatly improved. When the polishing medium is W5 white corundum, the removal amount per minute is larger and reaches 0.012-0.016 mm/min, and holes with large removal size can be polished. The removal amount per minute of polishing powder with different particle sizes for different polishing lines is shown in Table 1 in detail

Table 1 removal per minute for the different protocols

The invention aims to solve the problem of low polishing finish of capillary holes, and provides a device and a method capable of rapidly and effectively improving the finish of hole walls, so that the effect of a mirror surface is achieved after the polishing. The scratches and pits on the hole wall can be removed after polishing, the shape and the size of the hole can be improved when the shape of the hole is irregular, the shape and the size tolerance between the hole and other related holes can be improved, and the product precision and the detection equipment precision can be improved. The invention has a great advantage that compared with the common chemical agent etching polishing method, the device does not use chemical agents, so that the device has no danger and does not serve as any protection during polishing. In addition, the method has no environmental pollution problem, does not need neutralization treatment, recovery and storage, saves storage space and saves processing cost.

The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical glass capillary hole polishing apparatus, characterized by comprising: the polishing device comprises a workbench (1), a polishing line (8), a column (7), a peristaltic pump (10), a control panel (13), a device base (18) and a mobile unit; the stand column (7) is fixed on the equipment base (18), the stand column (7) is used for fixing the workpiece (6), the polishing line (8) penetrates through the workpiece (6) to be fixed on the workbench (1), the peristaltic pump (10) filled with polishing medium suspension liquid (11) is arranged above the polishing line (8), the workbench (1) is fixed on the mobile unit, and the control panel (13) is electrically connected with the workbench (1) and the mobile unit;

a coil (2), a guide wheel (3) and an elastic positioning block (4) are sequentially arranged on the workbench (1) from outside to inside; two ends of the polishing line (8) are fixed on the winding coil (2) and sequentially contact the guide wheel (3) and the elastic positioning block (4); the upright post (7) is provided with a clamping tool (5), and the workpiece (6) is fixed on the upright post (7) through the clamping tool (5);

the vertical column (7) is provided with a clamping tool (5), and the workpiece (6) is fixed on the vertical column (7) through the clamping tool (5);

the mobile unit includes: a driving motor (14), a transmission screw (15), a limit stop (16) and a positioning stop (17); the transmission screw (15) is fixed on the equipment base (18), one end is connected with the driving motor (14), the driving motor (14) is electrically connected with the control panel (13), the positioning stop block (17) is arranged on the transmission screw (15), the limit stop block (16) is arranged on the inner side of the positioning stop block (17) on the transmission screw (15), and the limit stop block (16) is connected with the workbench (1).

2. The optical glass capillary hole polishing device according to claim 1, wherein a recovery box (12) is further arranged on the workbench (1), and the recovery box (12) is located below the peristaltic pump (10).

3. An optical glass capillary polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing line (8) comprises: nylon thread, wool thread and nylon wool blend thread.

4. An optical glass capillary polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing medium suspension (11) comprises a white corundum suspension and a polishing powder suspension.

5. A polishing method using the optical glass capillary polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:

step one: fixing the workpiece (6) on the upright post (7);

step two: penetrating capillary holes of the workpiece (6) by polishing wires (8);

step three: the polishing line (8) bypasses the elastic positioning block (4) and the guide wheel (3), is fixed on the winding coil (2), locks the winding coil (2), and then adjusts the elastic positioning block (4) and the guide wheel (3) to working positions;

step four: opening a peristaltic pump (9) to drop a polishing medium suspension (11) on the polishing line (8);

step five: setting working parameters on a control panel (13), and starting the workbench (1) to move according to the working parameters;

step six: after polishing, the peristaltic pump (9) is closed, and the workpiece (6) is removed.

6. The polishing method using the optical glass capillary hole polishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in the first step, a clamping tool (5) is provided on the upright post (7), the clamping tool (5) fixes the workpiece (6) on the upright post (7), a plane parallel to the capillary hole on the workpiece (6) is leveled by a lever dial indicator, the straightness is less than 0.05, and the workpiece (6) is fixed tightly after the leveling.

7. The polishing method using an optical glass capillary polishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the operating parameters in the fifth step include: polishing time, stage travel speed, and travel distance.