CN114798692A - Photovoltaic module recovery system based on supercritical fluid technology - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module recovery system based on supercritical fluid technology Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module recovery system based on a supercritical fluid technology, which comprises a photovoltaic module physical disassembling system, wherein the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system is used for disassembling a photovoltaic module junction box and a frame and then cutting the photovoltaic module junction box and the frame into photovoltaic module fragments through physical disassembling; sending the obtained photovoltaic module fragments into a supercritical fluid decomposition system, and performing decomposition reaction on the photovoltaic module fragments through supercritical fluid in the supercritical fluid decomposition system to obtain decomposition products; and (3) feeding the decomposition product into a sorting and recycling system to separate the decomposition product to obtain glass, battery pieces, bus bars, a back plate and a bonding agent (EVA or POE) recycled material. The photovoltaic module recovery device realizes economic and efficient recovery of the photovoltaic module, and has the advantages of complete functions, high productivity, high recovery purity, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module recovery, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module recovery system based on a supercritical fluid technology.
Background
At present, the new energy industry enters an accelerated development stage, the construction strength and scale are increased by taking photovoltaic power generation as an important clean energy, and the installed capacity is rapidly increased. The photovoltaic module is the most core equipment in the photovoltaic power generation system, and is the equipment with the highest investment ratio and the largest quantity in the photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic module comprises a crystalline silicon module and a film module, wherein the crystalline silicon module generally comprises an aluminum frame, a back plate (or glass), a junction box, a lower layer adhesive (EVA or POE), an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a cell, a welding strip, a bus bar, an upper layer adhesive (EVA or POE), glass and sealing silica gel, and is shown in FIG. 1; the film assembly generally comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a semiconductor layer, a junction box, a back contact layer, a back electrode and a gluing material. However, the service life of the photovoltaic module is 20 years to 30 years, and how to deal with the photovoltaic module after being retired is a big problem in the industry. The recycling is a mainstream processing method in the current industry, and valuable metals such as copper, aluminum, silver, tin, cadmium, indium and the like in the photovoltaic module, and materials such as glass, high-purity silicon and the like have high recycling value.
The existing photovoltaic module recovery technology can be divided into mechanical disassembly, thermal decomposition treatment, chemical treatment or combination of multiple methods, and has the following defects:
(1) low recovery purity by mechanical disassembly method and complex screening and purifying process
Mechanical disassembly utilizes a mechanical crushing method to crush the photovoltaic module without the frame and the junction box to obtain powder mixed with materials such as glass, a battery piece, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer), a back plate and the like, and then various materials are sorted by using a screening method.
(2) The thermal decomposition method has high energy consumption and is not environment-friendly
The thermal decomposition method uses high temperature to melt or decompose EVA, thereby separating various materials such as glass, a cell sheet, a back sheet, a bus bar, a solder strip, etc. of a module, however, this method has high energy consumption, and is accompanied by discharge of harmful gases, and the recovery purity is not high enough.
(3) Long time of chemical decomposition and great environmental pollution
The chemical treatment method decomposes EVA in the photovoltaic module by using chemical solutions such as acid, alkali, organic or inorganic solutions and the like, separates materials such as glass, a battery piece, a back plate and the like, and realizes recycling, however, the reaction time of the method is long, and the chemical solutions cause secondary pollution to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a photovoltaic module recovery system based on a supercritical fluid technology aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the photovoltaic module recovery system is combined with the existing supercritical thermal power, and realizes supercritical water composite utilization of a supercritical thermal power plant by utilizing supercritical water (steam) in the supercritical thermal power; the method can also be combined with other modes such as fused salt energy storage and the like, or other modes for generating supercritical water; the photovoltaic module is economically and efficiently recycled by combining other energy forms, and the method has the advantages of complete functions, high productivity, high recycling purity, environmental friendliness and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a supercritical fluid technology based photovoltaic module recycling system comprising:
the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system is used for disassembling the photovoltaic module junction box and the frame in a physical disassembling mode and cutting the photovoltaic module junction box and the frame into photovoltaic module fragments;
supercritical fluid decomposition system, carry out decomposition reaction to photovoltaic module piece through supercritical fluid technique, obtain the decomposition product, include: the inlet of the supercritical reaction kettle is connected with the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system, the outlet of the supercritical reaction kettle is connected with the sorting and recycling system, and the supercritical reaction kettle is respectively connected with the supercritical fluid system and the cooling system;
and the sorting and recycling system is used for separating and processing the decomposition products to obtain glass, battery pieces, bus bars, adhesives and a back plate recycled material.
Specifically, the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system comprises a frame disassembling unit, the frame disassembling unit is sequentially connected with a junction box disassembling unit, a photovoltaic module cutting unit and a photovoltaic module fragment cache box, and the frame disassembling unit, the junction box disassembling unit, the photovoltaic module cutting unit and the photovoltaic module fragment cache box are respectively connected with a first control unit.
Furthermore, the frame dismantling unit is connected with a frame recycling box, and the junction box dismantling unit is connected with a junction box recycling box.
Specifically, the supercritical reaction kettle, the supercritical fluid system and the cooling system are respectively connected with the second control unit.
Specifically, the cooling system comprises a heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device is respectively connected with the supercritical reaction kettle and the cooling system through cooling pipelines.
Furthermore, a cooling pipeline between the heat dissipation device and the cooling system is provided with a cooling liquid supplementing port.
Specifically, the supercritical reaction kettle comprises a reaction vessel body, the inlet end of the reaction vessel body is connected with a pressure-stabilizing temperature controller of a supercritical fluid system through a supercritical fluid control valve, the outlet end of the reaction vessel body is connected with a supercritical fluid pipeline of the supercritical fluid system, and a pipeline filter is arranged on the supercritical fluid pipeline.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the supercritical fluid pipeline at the outlet end of the reaction vessel body, and the reaction vessel body is connected with a pressure release valve; the pressure-stabilizing temperature controller adopts a double-layer mechanism, adopts cooling liquid to control the temperature between the two layers, and is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
Further, the cooling system further comprises a reaction kettle cooling pool, wherein the reaction kettle cooling pool is internally provided with a temperature detection device and a drain valve and is used for cooling the supercritical reaction kettle and releasing pressure.
Specifically, the sorting and recycling system comprises a conveying unit, a screening unit and a recycling system, wherein the conveying unit is used for conveying the decomposition product of the supercritical fluid decomposition system into the recycling system through the screening unit, and the conveying unit and the screening unit are respectively connected with the third control unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the photovoltaic module recovery system based on the supercritical fluid technology, the photovoltaic module is decomposed and recovered by utilizing the high solubility of the supercritical fluid, and the system has the advantages of high efficiency, high purity, environmental friendliness and the like; the system of the invention organically combines the physical disassembly system, the supercritical fluid decomposition system and the sorting and recycling system to form a streamlined system, the supercritical fluid decomposition system utilizes the supercritical fluid as a reaction working medium to decompose fragments of the photovoltaic assembly, and the decomposed recycled material has the advantages of high purity, high recovery rate, no pollution discharge and the like. Supercritical fluid decomposition system material entry end and material disassemble the headtotail, export and select separately headtotail, realize the material and transmit in succession, improve production efficiency to set up one set of control system, control and monitored control system moves in order, have advantages such as the function is perfect, efficient, environmental protection, energy consumption are low.
Furthermore, the physics is disassembled the system and is taken as whole recovery system's first procedure, disassembles and cuts photovoltaic module tentatively, will not need the part that supercritical fluid handled to demolish to set up photovoltaic module fragment buffering case, and formed the buffering between the supercritical fluid processing system, realize high-efficient operation between two systems.
Furthermore, a frame recycling box and a junction box recycling box are arranged in the physical disassembling system, so that the collection and the transfer of the good junction box of the frame are facilitated.
Furthermore, the supercritical reaction kettle, the supercritical fluid system and the cooling system are respectively connected with the second control unit, and the control system controls and monitors orderly operation of the system, so that the system has the advantages of complete functions, high efficiency, environmental protection, low energy consumption and the like.
Furthermore, the supercritical fluid decomposition system comprises a cooling system, the supercritical fluid is cooled to obtain cooling liquid, the cooling liquid is stored in the cooling tank to cool the reaction kettle, the cooling liquid is connected with an outer layer circulating liquid system of the pressure-stabilizing temperature controller of the supercritical fluid system, and the cooling liquid in the cooling tank is used for controlling the temperature of the supercritical fluid by controlling the flow rate, so that the supercritical fluid is recycled efficiently and economically.
Furthermore, a cooling liquid supplementing port is arranged on the cooling pipeline and used for controlling the temperature of the cooling liquid and improving the cooling efficiency.
Furthermore, the inlet end of the supercritical reaction kettle is connected with the high-pressure end of the supercritical fluid system, the supercritical fluid flows out from the low-pressure end after entering the reaction kettle, the high-pressure end of the supercritical fluid system is provided with a pressure-stabilizing temperature controller for controlling the temperature and the pressure of the supercritical fluid, and the low-pressure end of the supercritical fluid system is provided with a filter for filtering impurities in the reaction process and preventing pipelines from being blocked.
Furthermore, the supercritical fluid outlet pipeline is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor which are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure in the pipeline and realizing the monitoring of the temperature and the pressure; a pressure release valve is arranged on the supercritical fluid reaction kettle, on one hand, the pressure in the kettle is controlled, and on the other hand, the function of safe pressure release is achieved.
Further, cooling system is provided with the reation kettle cooling bath for lower the temperature to reation kettle, set up temperature sensor on the cooling bath and be used for monitoring the cooling bath temperature, set up the relief valve on the cooling bath, be used for the safe pressure release to reation kettle.
Further, the sorting and recycling system comprises a conveying unit, a screening unit and a recycling system; the conveying unit is connected with the supercritical fluid decomposition system, so that efficient material conveying is realized; the screening unit is used for screening the decomposed materials; the recovery system realizes the classification and transportation of different recovered substances.
In conclusion, the supercritical fluid technology is innovatively used for recovering the photovoltaic module, and the method has the advantages of high recovery purity, high efficiency, simple process and the like. The system comprises the whole process of a photovoltaic module physical disassembling system, a supercritical fluid decomposition system and a recovery system, and has the advantages of complete functions, advanced technology and the like. The invention can decompose the photovoltaic module in a short time, improve the recovery efficiency, reduce the recovery cost, can not generate gas, liquid and solid which pollute the environment in the recovery process of the photovoltaic module, has good environmental protection property, does not need secondary separation or purification of decomposed materials, and has simple process flow and high production efficiency.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the photovoltaic module recovery system based on the supercritical fluid technology of the present invention includes a photovoltaic module physical disassembling system 1, a supercritical fluid decomposition system 2 and a sorting recovery system 3, where the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system 1 is configured to physically disassemble a photovoltaic module into photovoltaic module fragments and send the photovoltaic module fragments to the supercritical fluid decomposition system 2, the supercritical fluid decomposition system 2 is configured to perform a decomposition reaction on the photovoltaic module fragments and a supercritical fluid, and send decomposition products to the sorting recovery system 3, and the sorting recovery system 3 is configured to separate glass, battery pieces, bus bars, back plates and binder (EVA or POE) recovered materials and then recycle the glass, battery pieces, back plates and binder (EVA or POE) recovered materials.
The photovoltaic assembly physical dismantling system 1 comprises a first control unit 101, a frame dismantling unit 102, a junction box dismantling unit 103, a photovoltaic assembly cutting unit 104, a photovoltaic assembly fragment cache box 105, a frame recovery box 106 and a junction box recovery box 107.
The frame dismantling unit 102 is sequentially connected with the junction box dismantling unit 103, the photovoltaic assembly cutting unit 104 and the photovoltaic assembly fragment cache box 105, the photovoltaic assembly fragment cache box 105 is connected with the supercritical fluid decomposition system 2, the frame dismantling unit 102 is connected with the junction box recycling box 106, the junction box dismantling unit 103 is connected with the junction box recycling box 107, and the frame dismantling unit (102), the junction box dismantling unit (103), the photovoltaic assembly cutting unit (104) and the photovoltaic assembly fragment cache box (105) are respectively connected with the first control unit (101).
The junction box dismantling unit 102 is mainly used for dismantling a frame of a photovoltaic module, the junction box dismantling unit is mainly used for dismantling a device of a junction box of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module cutting unit is mainly used for cutting the photovoltaic module into fragments, and the photovoltaic module buffer is mainly used for storing and transferring the fragments.
Supercritical fluid decomposition system 2 includes second control unit 201, supercritical reaction vessel 202, supercritical fluid system 203, and cooling system 204.
The input end of the supercritical reaction kettle 202 is connected with the photovoltaic module fragment cache tank 105 of the photovoltaic module physical dismantling system 1, the output end of the supercritical reaction kettle 202 is connected with the sorting and recovery system 3 through the supercritical fluid system 203, the cooling system 204 is respectively connected with the supercritical reaction kettle 202 and the supercritical fluid system 203, and the supercritical reaction kettle 202, the supercritical fluid system 203 and the cooling system 204 are all connected with the second control unit 201 and are controlled through the second control unit 201.
The cooling system 204 includes a cooling pipe 2041, a heat sink 2042, a coolant liquid supplement port 2043, and a reaction kettle cooling pool 2044.
The heat dissipation device 2042 exchanges heat with the supercritical fluid flowing out of the supercritical fluid pipeline 2031, and flows out of the cooling pipeline 2041 after being cooled; a pipeline valve 2034 is arranged on the cooling pipeline 2041 between the heat dissipation device 2042 and the supercritical reaction kettle 202, and a pipeline valve 2034 is arranged on the cooling pipeline 2041 between the heat dissipation device 2042 and the supercritical reaction kettle 202; a cooling pipeline 2041 between the heat dissipation device 2042 and the supercritical fluid system 203 is provided with a cooling fluid infusion port 2043, the supercritical fluid system 203 is connected with a reaction kettle cooling pool 2044, and a temperature detection device 2045 and a drain valve 2046 are arranged inside the reaction kettle cooling pool 2044 and used for cooling the supercritical reaction kettle 202 and releasing pressure.
Supercritical reaction vessel 202 includes reaction vessel body 2021, supercritical fluid control valve 2022, pressure relief valve 2023, and temperature sensor 2035.
The supercritical fluid line 2031 is provided with a temperature sensor 2034, the inlet end of the reaction vessel body 2021 is connected to the supercritical fluid system 203 via a supercritical fluid control valve 2022, and the reaction vessel body 2021 is further connected to a pressure relief valve 2023.
The output end of the pressure-stabilizing temperature controller 2032 is connected with the reaction vessel body 2021 through the supercritical fluid control valve 2022, the pressure-stabilizing temperature controller 2032 adopts a double-layer structure, the two layers adopt cooling liquid to control the temperature, the inner layer plays a role of pressure stabilization and comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor 2036.
A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor 2035 are disposed on the supercritical fluid conduit 2031 for monitoring the pressure and temperature conditions inside the conduit.
A temperature detection device 2045 and a drain valve 2046 are arranged in the reaction kettle cooling pool 2044.
When the supercritical fluid used is CO 2 When desired, cooling system 204 is omitted.
The sorting recovery system 3 includes a third control unit 301, a conveying unit 302, and a sieving unit 303.
One end of the conveying unit 302 is connected with the supercritical fluid system 203, the other end of the conveying unit 302 is connected with the sieving unit 303, and the sieving unit 303 is used for sieving and recycling photovoltaic modules such as glass, battery pieces, bus bars, back plates and adhesives (EVA or POE).
Preferably, the sorting recovery system 3 further comprises a multi-stage sorting system; the multi-stage sorting system comprises a rebound roller sorting 3031, a belt type screening 3032 and a gravity sorting 3033, wherein the input end of the rebound roller sorting 3031 is connected with the conveying system 302, the output end of the rebound roller sorting 3031 is connected with the belt type screening 3032, and the output end of the belt type screening 3032 is connected with the gravity sorting 3033.
The working principle of the photovoltaic module recovery system based on the supercritical fluid technology is as follows:
1. the photovoltaic module is mechanically disassembled, and the process and the functions of each subsystem are as follows:
the first control unit controls the whole photovoltaic module physical disassembling system to operate according to a set beat, monitors and controls all states constantly, and displays and alarms signals of system faults, safety and the like;
the photovoltaic assembly enters the frame dismantling unit from the feeding hole, the frame of the photovoltaic assembly is dismantled through the frame dismantling unit to obtain the frameless photovoltaic assembly and the frame, and the frame is sent to a frame recycling box to be directly recycled;
the frameless photovoltaic assembly is sent into a junction box dismantling unit, the junction box is dismantled by the junction box dismantling unit to obtain a laminating part and a junction box of the photovoltaic assembly, and the junction box is sent into a junction box recovery box to be directly recovered;
the laminated part enters a component cutting system, and photovoltaic component fragments are obtained after the laminated part is physically cut;
the chopped photovoltaic module fragments enter a photovoltaic module fragment cache box, and the cache box has a buffer function with the supercritical fluid decomposition system, so that the beats of the photovoltaic module physical disassembly system and the supercritical fluid decomposition system can be relatively and independently controlled.
2. The supercritical fluid decomposition of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps of:
the second control unit controls the supercritical fluid decomposition system to operate according to a set beat, monitors and controls all states of the supercritical fluid decomposition system at any time, and displays and alarms signals of system faults, safety and the like;
loading the photovoltaic component fragments in the component fragment cache box into a supercritical fluid reaction kettle, closing the reaction kettle, accessing a supercritical fluid system, opening a valve to introduce supercritical fluid into the supercritical reaction kettle to react with the photovoltaic component fragments under the condition of ensuring that the indexes of each system are normal, finishing decomposition reaction under the control of a second control unit, and allowing the reacted supercritical fluid to enter a cooling system after passing through a pipeline filter;
closing the reaction kettle valve and the corresponding supercritical fluid system valve, moving the supercritical reaction kettle to a reaction kettle cooling pool, cooling the supercritical reaction kettle, and releasing pressure;
and opening the supercritical reaction kettle, taking out the decomposition product, and entering a separation and recovery system.
3. The separation of decomposition products of the supercritical fluid, the process and the functions of each subsystem are as follows:
conveying the decomposed product in the supercritical fluid decomposition system to a sorting and recycling system through a conveyor belt for sorting; the recycled materials of the glass, the battery piece, the bus bar and the back plate are separated through sorting and enter a recycling system.
The first control unit, the frame dismantling unit, the junction box dismantling unit, the component cutting system, the component fragment cache box, the frame recovery box and the junction box recovery box are not particularly specified to a certain type of equipment or system or form;
the order of the frame dismantling unit and the junction box dismantling unit can be exchanged;
the assembly cutting chips do not limit the chip size and can be set according to actual engineering.
The second control unit, the supercritical reaction kettle, the supercritical fluid system and the cooling system are not particularly specified to a specific device, system, shape, structure or mode;
the number of the supercritical reaction kettles in the whole system is not fixed and can be configured according to actual engineering;
the number of the heat dissipation devices of the cooling system is not fixed, and the heat dissipation devices can be configured according to actual engineering.
The third control unit, the sorting system and the recycling system are not particularly specified to a certain sorting method, recycling manner, equipment or system.
In summary, the photovoltaic module recovery system based on the supercritical fluid technology of the present invention includes a complete photovoltaic module recovery process, and has complete functions; after the photovoltaic module is decomposed by the supercritical fluid technology, EVA of the photovoltaic module is completely dissolved, all materials are completely separated, and the material purity is high; the supercritical fluid can classify the photovoltaic module in a short time, and the recovery efficiency is high; the photovoltaic module is decomposed at one time by utilizing the characteristics of the supercritical fluid, so that a high-purity material is directly obtained, the subsequent treatment requirement is reduced, and the recovery system is simple in process.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photovoltaic module recovery system based on supercritical fluid technology, comprising:
the photovoltaic assembly physical disassembling system (1) is used for disassembling the photovoltaic assembly junction box and the frame in a physical disassembling mode and cutting the photovoltaic assembly junction box and the frame into photovoltaic assembly fragments;
supercritical fluid decomposition system (2), carry out decomposition reaction to photovoltaic module piece through supercritical fluid technique, obtain the decomposition product, include: the inlet of the supercritical reaction kettle (202) is connected with the photovoltaic module physical disassembling system (1), the outlet of the supercritical reaction kettle (202) is connected with the sorting and recycling system (3), and the supercritical reaction kettle (202) is respectively connected with a supercritical fluid system (203) and a cooling system (204);
and the sorting and recycling system (3) is used for separating and processing the decomposition products to obtain glass, battery pieces, bus bars, adhesives and back plate recycled materials.
2. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic module physical dismantling system (1) comprises a frame dismantling unit (102), the frame dismantling unit (102) is sequentially connected with a junction box dismantling unit (103), a photovoltaic module cutting unit (104) and a photovoltaic module fragment cache box (105), and the frame dismantling unit (102), the junction box dismantling unit (103), the photovoltaic module cutting unit (104) and the photovoltaic module fragment cache box (105) are respectively connected with the first control unit (101).
3. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that a frame recovery tank (106) is connected to the frame dismantling unit (102) and a junction box recovery tank (107) is connected to the junction box dismantling unit (103).
4. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the supercritical reaction tank (202), the supercritical fluid system (203) and the cooling system (204) are respectively connected to the second control unit (201).
5. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system (204) comprises a heat sink (2042), and the heat sink (2042) is connected to the supercritical reactor (202) and the cooling system (204) via a cooling pipeline (2041), respectively.
6. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 5, wherein a cooling liquid replenishment port (2043) is provided on the cooling conduit (2041) between the heat sink (2042) and the cooling system (204).
7. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the supercritical reaction vessel (202) comprises a reaction vessel body (2021), the inlet end of the reaction vessel body (2021) is connected to the steady-pressure temperature controller (2032) of the supercritical fluid system (203) via a supercritical fluid control valve (2022), the outlet end of the reaction vessel body (2021) is connected to the supercritical fluid pipeline (2031) of the supercritical fluid system (203), and the supercritical fluid pipeline (2031) is provided with a pipeline filter (2033).
8. The photovoltaic module recovery system based on the supercritical fluid technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (2035) are arranged on the supercritical fluid pipeline (2031) at the outlet end of the reaction vessel body (2021), and the reaction vessel body (2021) is connected with a pressure relief valve (2023); the pressure stabilizing temperature controller (2032) adopts a double-layer mechanism, adopts cooling liquid to control the temperature between the two layers, and is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
9. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 4, wherein the cooling system (204) further comprises a reaction kettle cooling pool (2044), and a temperature detection device (2045) and a drain valve (2046) are arranged inside the reaction kettle cooling pool (2044) and are used for cooling the supercritical reaction kettle (202) and releasing pressure.
10. The supercritical fluid technology-based photovoltaic module recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the sorting recovery system (3) comprises a conveying unit (302), a sieving unit (303) and a recovery system (304), the conveying unit (302) is used for conveying the decomposition products of the supercritical fluid decomposition system (2) to the recovery system (304) through the sieving unit (303), and the conveying unit (302) and the sieving unit (303) are respectively connected with the third control unit (301).
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| CN202210467701.0A CN114798692A (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Photovoltaic module recovery system based on supercritical fluid technology |
| PCT/CN2023/090088 WO2023207849A1 (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-23 | Photovoltaic module recycling system based on supercritical fluid technology |
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| CN202210467701.0A CN114798692A (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Photovoltaic module recovery system based on supercritical fluid technology |
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| WO (1) | WO2023207849A1 (en) |
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| WO2023207849A1 (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Photovoltaic module recycling system based on supercritical fluid technology |
| WO2023207191A1 (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Waste photovoltaic assembly recovery method based on supercritical fluid |
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| WO2023207849A1 (en) | 2023-11-02 |
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