CN114797284A - Preparation method of nano-porous nickel composite membrane and nano-porous nickel composite membrane - Google Patents
Preparation method of nano-porous nickel composite membrane and nano-porous nickel composite membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN114797284A CN114797284A CN202210418487.XA CN202210418487A CN114797284A CN 114797284 A CN114797284 A CN 114797284A CN 202210418487 A CN202210418487 A CN 202210418487A CN 114797284 A CN114797284 A CN 114797284A
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- composite membrane
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 metallurgical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
- B01D39/2041—Metallic material the material being filamentary or fibrous
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal porous materials and metal film materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nano porous nickel composite film and the nano porous nickel composite film; the method comprises the following steps: dispersing the nano nickel fibers into an organic solvent to obtain slurry; coating the slurry on a nickel porous matrix to obtain a nano nickel fiber membrane layer; and sintering the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane. The porous nano nickel fiber membrane prepared by the method has the advantages of high porosity, high air permeability and high filtering precision, and the application of the nano fibers can effectively solve the contradiction between the filtering efficiency and the pressure drop and improve the filtering efficiency on the premise of not increasing the pressure drop.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of metal porous materials and metal film materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nano porous nickel composite film and the nano porous nickel composite film.
Background
In chemical, metallurgical, petroleum, electric and nuclear industries, a great deal of dust-containing gas is often discharged, which not only seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment, but also poses great threat to human health. The dust removal treatment of the dust-containing gas reaches the standard of environmental protection emission, and has very important environmental significance and social value. However, the amount of industrial dusty gas to be treated is extremely large, and the requirement for filtration accuracy is high, so how to effectively remove dust from industrial dusty gas is a problem with high difficulty.
The high-efficiency dust removal technology is characterized in that: the temperature of the dust-containing gas to be purified is high (such as 600-1400 ℃), the particles are fine (such as the particle diameter dp of the particles is less than 5-10 mu m), the purification standard is high (such as the outlet concentration is required to be less than 10 mg/m) 3 ). The simple gas-solid separation device and the traditional metal porous filter element are far from meeting the requirement of high-efficiency dust removal.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a preparation method of a nano porous nickel composite membrane and the nano porous nickel composite membrane, and solve the problem that the requirement of high-efficiency dust removal cannot be achieved by adopting a simple gas-solid separation device and a traditional metal porous filter element.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the application is as follows:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a nanoporous nickel composite film, including:
dispersing the nano nickel fibers into an organic solvent to obtain slurry;
coating the slurry on a nickel porous matrix to obtain a nano nickel fiber membrane layer;
and sintering the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the organic solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5-8 wt%.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the filtration precision of the nickel porous matrix is 1-10 mu m, and the wall thickness is 2 mm.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the thickness of the nano nickel fiber film layer is 20-80 μm.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the diameter of the nano nickel fiber is 20 nm-80 nm, and the length of the nano nickel fiber is 10 mu m-30 mu m.
Optionally, the sintering of the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer specifically includes:
and placing the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer into a hydrogen furnace for sintering.
Optionally, the sintering of the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer in a hydrogen furnace specifically includes:
and (3) placing the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer in a hydrogen furnace, and sintering at 550-720 ℃ for 0.3-2.5 hours.
Optionally, the hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen furnace is as follows: 2.5X 10 -2 m 3 ·min -1 ～7.5×10 -2 m 3 ·min -1 。
In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a nanoporous nickel composite film is provided, which is prepared based on the preparation method of the nanoporous nickel composite film provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
The beneficial technical effect of this application lies in:
1. the porous nano nickel fiber membrane prepared by the method has the advantages of high porosity, high air permeability and high filtering precision, and the application of the nano fibers can effectively solve the contradiction between the filtering efficiency and the pressure drop and improve the filtering efficiency on the premise of not increasing the pressure drop.
2. Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the high-temperature ultrafine dust filter tube is simple to operate and high in reproducibility, slurry is coated on the nickel porous base tube in a rotary extrusion forming mode, mixed, pressed and formed, and sintered to obtain a final finished product.
3. The method is simple to operate, high in reproducibility, safe and reliable; the obtained dust filter pipe has the characteristics of ultrafine dust blockage resistance, excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, low surface resistance, high dust removal efficiency, long service life and the like, and has a very wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a nanoporous nickel composite film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more comprehensible to those skilled in the art, the following description will be made in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of them. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments described herein without inventive step are within the scope of the present application.
The inventor of the application finds in research that the nano-porous nickel composite membrane filter element has long service life, can be used as a filter element of a dust removal device, is irreplaceable for other filter materials, but is difficult to fully exert the excellent performance of related products due to the deficiency of the existing formula and sintering technology. Therefore, the research of the nano porous nickel composite membrane filter material with high filter precision is urgent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a nano-porous nickel composite membrane and the nano-porous nickel composite membrane, and the preparation method is simple to operate, high in reproducibility, safe and reliable; the obtained dust filter pipe has the characteristics of ultrafine dust blockage resistance, excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, low surface resistance, high dust removal efficiency, long service life and the like, and has a very wide application prospect.
Based on the above, in order to clearly and specifically explain the above advantages of the present application, the following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a nano-porous nickel composite membrane according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The preparation method of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
s101: dispersing the nano nickel fibers into an organic solvent to obtain slurry;
s102: coating the slurry on a nickel porous matrix to obtain a nano nickel fiber membrane layer;
s103: and sintering the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
The principle of the invention is as follows: a micron-sized metal nickel porous matrix is adopted as a carrier, and the carrier has good mechanical property and processability; the nano-porous nickel composite membrane with the nano-aperture is obtained on a micron-sized metal nickel porous matrix serving as a carrier by a slurry coating, forming and sintering method, and the requirements of filtering separation on a metal filter element, such as good installation performance, high filtering precision, large permeability and the like, can be met simultaneously.
In specific implementation, the organic solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution. The nickel porous matrix can be a micron-sized metal porous nickel tube and is used for preparing a dust filter tube.
In some possible implementations of the embodiment of the present application, sintering the nickel porous substrate coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer may specifically include:
and (3) placing the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer into a hydrogen furnace for sintering.
The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail by the following specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
step one, preparing nano nickel fibers by electrostatic spinning, wherein the diameter of the nano nickel fibers is 20nm, the length of the nano nickel fibers is 10 microns, and the nano nickel fibers are dispersed into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution containing 5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain slurry with the solid content of 25%;
coating the slurry obtained in the step one on a nickel porous matrix, wherein the nickel porous matrix has the filtration precision of 10 microns, the diameter of 80mm, the height of 500mm and the thickness of about 2mm, and the thickness of a nano nickel fiber membrane layer is 20 microns;
step three, placing the nano nickel fiber film layer obtained in the step two into a hydrogen furnace, wherein the hydrogen flow is 7.5 multiplied by 10 - 2 m 3 ·min -1 And sintering at 550 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
The over-efficiency of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane with the particle size of more than 0.3 mu m obtained by the embodiment reaches more than 99.5 percent, and the filtering efficiency of dust with the particle size of 0.6 mu m reaches more than 99.99 percent.
Example two:
step one, preparing nano nickel fibers by electrostatic spinning, wherein the diameter of the nano nickel fibers is 50nm, the length of the nano nickel fibers is 30 microns, and the nano nickel fibers are dispersed into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution containing 8 wt% to obtain slurry with the solid content of 50%;
step two, coating the slurry obtained in the step one on a nickel porous matrix, wherein the nickel porous matrix has the filtration precision of 5 microns, the diameter of 50mm, the height of 500mm and the thickness of about 2 mm; the thickness of the nano nickel fiber film layer is 80 μm;
step three, placing the nano nickel fiber film layer obtained in the step two into a hydrogen furnace, wherein the hydrogen flow is 2.5 multiplied by 10 - 2 m 3 ·min -1 And sintering at 720 ℃ for 0.3 hour to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
The over-efficiency of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane with the particle size of more than 0.3 mu m obtained by the embodiment reaches more than 99.5 percent, and the filtering efficiency of dust with the particle size of 0.8 mu m reaches more than 99.99 percent.
Example three:
step one, preparing nano nickel fibers by electrostatic spinning, wherein the diameter of the nano nickel fibers is 80nm, the length of the nano nickel fibers is 13 microns, and the nano nickel fibers are dispersed into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution containing 6 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain slurry with the solid content of 35%;
step two, coating the slurry obtained in the step one on a nickel porous matrix, wherein the nickel porous matrix has the filtration precision of 1 micron, the diameter of 50mm, the height of 500mm and the thickness of about 2 mm; the thickness of the nano nickel fiber film layer is 80 μm;
step three, placing the nano nickel fiber film layer obtained in the step two into a hydrogen furnace, wherein the hydrogen flow is as follows: 5.0X 10 - 2 m 3 ·min -1 And sintering for 1.2 hours at 610 ℃ to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
The over-efficiency of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane with the particle size of more than 0.3 mu m obtained by the embodiment reaches more than 99.5 percent, and the filtering efficiency of dust with the particle size of 0.8 mu m reaches more than 99.99 percent.
Based on the preparation method of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the application also provides a nano-porous nickel composite membrane, and the nano-porous nickel composite membrane is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the nano-porous nickel composite membranes provided by the embodiment.
The present application has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present application is not limited to the above examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application. The prior art can be used for all the matters not described in detail in this application.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a nano-porous nickel composite membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dispersing the nano nickel fibers into an organic solvent to obtain slurry;
coating the slurry on a nickel porous matrix to obtain a nano nickel fiber membrane layer;
and sintering the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer to obtain the nano porous nickel composite membrane.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanoporous nickel composite film is prepared by a method comprising the steps of,
the organic solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
3. The method of preparing a nanoporous nickel composite membrane according to claim 2,
the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5 wt% -8 wt%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanoporous nickel composite film is prepared by a method comprising the steps of,
the filtration precision of the nickel porous matrix is 1-10 mu m, and the wall thickness is 2 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanoporous nickel composite film is prepared by a method comprising the steps of,
the thickness of the nano nickel fiber film layer is 20-80 μm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanoporous nickel composite film is prepared by a method comprising the steps of,
the diameter of the nano nickel fiber is 20 nm-80 nm, and the length of the nano nickel fiber is 10 mu m-30 mu m.
7. The preparation method of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane according to claim 1, wherein the sintering of the nickel porous substrate coated with the nano-nickel fiber membrane layer specifically comprises:
and placing the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer into a hydrogen furnace for sintering.
8. The preparation method of the nano-porous nickel composite membrane according to claim 7, wherein the sintering of the nickel porous substrate coated with the nano-nickel fiber membrane layer in a hydrogen furnace specifically comprises:
and (3) placing the nickel porous matrix coated with the nano nickel fiber membrane layer in a hydrogen furnace, and sintering at 550-720 ℃ for 0.3-2.5 hours.
9. The method for preparing a nanoporous nickel composite membrane according to claim 7, wherein the hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen furnace is: 2.5X 10 -2 m 3 ·min -1 ～7.5×10 -2 m 3 ·min -1 。
10. A nanoporous nickel composite membrane prepared based on the method for preparing a nanoporous nickel composite membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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