CN114794219A - Efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices - Google Patents
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 DPPH free radical Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N gingerol Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gingerol Natural products CCCCC(O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/005—Preserving by heating
- A23B7/01—Preserving by heating by irradiation or electric treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices, and belongs to the technical field of food sterilization and preservation. The method applies the low-temperature plasma processing technology to the sterilization process of the fresh ginger slices, and can solve the problem that the storage period of the fresh ginger slices is short due to excessive total number of bacterial colonies in the subsequent storage process. According to the efficient sterilization method for the fresh ginger slices, the fresh ginger is used as a raw material, and after the fresh ginger is selected, brushed and sliced, the low-temperature plasma is applied to perform sterilization treatment on the fresh ginger, so that the sterilization process of the fresh ginger slices is simple, convenient, green, environment-friendly, safe and efficient, the sterilization rate is up to 99.89%, the DPPH free radical clearance rate is improved by 33.64%, and the color of the fresh ginger slices is not obviously affected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food preservation, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency sterilization method for fresh ginger slices.
Background
Ginger (ginger, ginger Rosc) is a perennial herb of Zingiberaceae, and is mainly distributed in Asia, while China is the world with the largest ginger planting area and the largest total production. The ginger is a plant with homology of medicine and food, contains various functional components such as polyphenol compounds, flavonoid compounds, gingerol, volatile oil and the like, and has various biological and pharmacological properties such as oxidation resistance, blood fat reduction, inflammation resistance, tumor resistance, bacteria resistance and the like. However, ginger is very easy to brown, lose water and soften tissue during processing and storage, so that the nutritional value and the edible quality of ginger are reduced, and even spoilage microorganisms such as mildew grow, and the ginger cannot be stored for a long time.
In recent years, with the increasing demand of people for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, the non-thermal sterilization technology becomes a research hotspot for food sterilization. Currently, non-thermal sterilization techniques mainly studied include ultra-high pressure treatment, irradiation, ultrasonic waves, ultraviolet rays, ozone, high-voltage pulse electric fields, and the like. Wherein, present biggest superhigh pressure equipment can only hold 600L materials, can not satisfy large-scale industrialization, large batch production demand, and its container wall needs to adopt thicker steel as the material moreover, satisfies the demand that bears pressure, and consequently, the weight of equipment and shared space are great. The secondary pollution is easy to occur due to the fact that the electrodes are in direct contact with food in the treatment process of the pulse electric field technology; the basic construction investment of the irradiation technology is large, and the requirements on operators are stricter. Based on this, in order to satisfy the higher demands of consumers on food freshness and safety, especially fresh and heat sensitive foods, the research and development of novel cold sterilization technology becomes a research hotspot of food industry and researchers.
Plasma is a conductive fluid composed of particles containing atoms, electrons, ions, etc. generated from a high energy ionized gas, and is generally used to define a fourth state of matter, i.e., a partially or fully ionized gas state, because it differs in nature and composition from the three forms of gas, liquid, and solid. A plasma is a complex mixture of different components such as charged particles (electrons and ions) and neutral species (atoms and molecules) in addition to radicals, ultraviolet light, photons and radiant heat. Plasmas can be classified into high-temperature plasmas and low-temperature plasmas according to the relative high and low temperatures of electrons, ions and neutral particles in charged particles. When the relation between the electron temperature (T electron) and the ion temperature (T ion) is related to the ionization degree of the plasma, when T ion < T electron, the plasma is slightly ionized, and the overall temperature has no obvious change, and the plasma is called as low-temperature plasma. Compared with the traditional heat sterilization, the low-temperature plasma treatment is a new non-heat processing technology, has excellent sterilization effect on bacteria, fungi and biological membranes with strong stress resistance, and can better retain the freshness, nutrition and quality of fruits and vegetables.
At present, the research of the sterilization method of the low-temperature plasma applied to the fresh ginger slices is not seen at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to seek an efficient and safe sterilization mode, the invention provides a simple and effective sterilization method for reducing microorganisms on fresh ginger slices, namely a method for applying low-temperature plasma to the fresh ginger slices, and the method can solve the problem of short storage period caused by excessive total number of bacterial colonies in the subsequent storage process and prolong the storage period. The method is simple and convenient to operate, green, environment-friendly, safe and efficient, the sterilization rate is as high as 99.89%, the DPPH free radical clearance rate is improved by 33.64%, and the color and luster of the fresh ginger slices are not affected.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency sterilization method for fresh ginger slices comprises the following steps:
A. raw material treatment:
selecting fresh ginger, controlling the weight difference value of the fresh ginger to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing the surface of the fresh ginger by using tap water, and draining;
B. slicing:
transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray;
C. low-temperature plasma treatment:
placing the tray filled with the fresh ginger slices into a treatment cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment;
D. and (3) detection:
d1, detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate;
d2, detecting DDPH free radical clearance rate of the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the oxidation resistance;
d3, detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
Further, in step a, the selected ginger needs to be fresh, unbroken, disease free and insect free.
Further, in the step B, the slice thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm.
Further, in step C, the parameters of the low temperature plasma treatment are: the vacuum degree is 70Pa to 90Pa, the power of a discharge power supply is 300W to 400W, and the processing time is 3min to 5 min.
Further, in step C, the processing process of the sample in the low-temperature plasma processing chamber specifically comprises:
and firstly, opening a vacuum pump, starting a discharge power supply when the vacuum degree is reduced to be below 100Pa, treating for a certain time, then closing the vacuum pump, taking out a sample, and finally detecting.
Further, in step D1, the formula for calculating the sterilization rate is:
step D2, the oxidation resistance is determined by the formula:
in the formula, A 0 Absorbance of 1.0mL distilled water +3.0mL DPPH solution; a. the S Absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution +3.0mL of DPPH solution; a. the C Is the absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution plus 3.0mL of absolute ethyl alcohol;
step D3, calculating the color difference by the following formula:
wherein L denotes luminance, L ═ 0 denotes black, and L ═ 100 denotes white; a > 0 indicates the redness, and conversely the greenness; b > 0 indicates yellowness, but not blueness.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes fresh ginger as raw material, after selecting, scrubbing and slicing, low-temperature plasma is applied to sterilize the ginger; the low-temperature plasma treatment can effectively sterilize, is simple and safe to operate, has no toxicity, harm or residue in the sterilization process, and meets the requirements of environmental protection and industrial production; the sterilization rate of the low-temperature plasma treatment can reach 99.89%, the DPPH free radical clearance rate is improved by 33.64%, and the color and luster of the fresh ginger slices are not affected.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.
The invention provides an efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices, which applies low-temperature plasma to the fresh ginger slices, effectively reduces microorganisms on the fresh ginger slices, improves the edible safety, and provides an early basis for subsequently prolonging the shelf life of the fresh ginger slices.
Specifically, the efficient sterilization by the low-temperature plasma is realized based on the following principle:
1. the low-temperature plasma processor generates various substances with sterilization performance such as active oxygen, active nitrogen, charged particles, ultraviolet rays and the like under the power of a certain discharge power supply. These bactericidal substances cause damage and even death of the bacterial cells through biological mechanisms such as ultraviolet ray damage to DNA, lipid peroxidation caused by free radicals and active oxygen, and physical mechanisms such as cell membrane perforation and electrostatic interference.
2. The sterilization process parameters of the low-temperature plasma are accurate and reliable, the sterilization rate can reach 99.89%, bacteria can be effectively killed, and the fresh ginger slices can be prevented from being rotten and deteriorated. The sterilization mode is simple and safe to operate, meanwhile, no chemical reagent is added in the sterilization process of the low-temperature plasma, no harmful gas is generated in the sterilization process, and the requirements of environmental protection and industrial production are met.
The process route of the efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices is as follows: raw material treatment → low-temperature plasma treatment → sample removal → detection.
A high-efficiency sterilization method for fresh ginger slices comprises the following steps:
A. raw material treatment:
selecting fresh ginger, wherein the selected ginger is fresh, free of damage, disease and insect bite, the weight difference of the fresh ginger is controlled to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing the surface of the fresh ginger with tap water, and draining.
B. Slicing:
and (3) transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, wherein the thickness of the slices is 1.5-2.0 mm, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray.
C. Low-temperature plasma treatment:
placing the tray filled with the fresh ginger slices into a treatment cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment; the parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment are as follows: the vacuum degree is 70Pa to 90Pa, the power of a discharge power supply is 300W to 400W, and the processing time is 3min to 5 min.
The processing process of the sample in the low-temperature plasma processing cavity specifically comprises the following steps: and firstly, opening a vacuum pump, starting a discharge power supply when the vacuum degree is reduced to be below 100Pa, treating for a certain time, then closing the vacuum pump, taking out a sample, and finally detecting.
D. And (3) detection:
d1, detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate;
the formula for calculating the sterilization rate is as follows:
d2, detecting DDPH free radical clearance rate of the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the oxidation resistance;
the oxidation resistance is determined by the following formula:
in the formula, A 0 Absorbance of 1.0mL distilled water +3.0mL DPPH solution; a. the S Absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution +3.0mL of DPPH solution; a. the C Is the absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution plus 3.0mL of absolute ethyl alcohol;
d3, detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
The formula for calculating the chromatic aberration is:
wherein L denotes luminance, L ═ 0 denotes black, and L ═ 100 denotes white; a > 0 indicates the redness, and conversely the greenness; b > 0 indicates yellowness, but not blueness.
Example 1
1. Raw material treatment:
selecting fresh, undamaged, disease-free and insect-bite-free fresh ginger, controlling the weight difference value of the fresh ginger to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing off soil on the surface by using tap water and a soft brush, paying attention to brushing strength to prevent the damage of the surface of the fresh ginger, and then draining;
2. slicing:
transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray; the slice thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm;
3. low-temperature plasma treatment:
the vacuum degree of the low-temperature plasma is set to be 70-90 Pa, the power of a discharge power supply is 300W, and the processing time is 3 min.
4. And (3) detection:
detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate; and detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
The sterilization rate of the fresh ginger slices by the low-temperature plasma described in the present example was 97.33%.
The DPPH free radical clearance rate of the ginger slices treated by the low-temperature plasma is improved by 30.12 percent compared with that of the ginger slices not treated,
color difference Δ E * The color of the fresh ginger slices is 8.45 +/-2.23, which shows that the color of the fresh ginger slices is not obviously changed after the treatment.
Example 2
1. Raw material treatment:
selecting fresh, undamaged, disease-free and insect-bite-free fresh ginger, controlling the weight difference value of the fresh ginger to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing off soil on the surface by using tap water and a soft brush, paying attention to brushing strength to prevent the damage of the surface of the fresh ginger, and then draining;
2. slicing:
transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray; the slice thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm;
3. low-temperature plasma treatment:
setting the vacuum degree of the low-temperature plasma to be less than 70-90 Pa, the power of a discharge power supply to be 400W, and the processing time to be 5 min.
4. And (3) detection:
detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate; and detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
The sterilization rate of the fresh ginger slices by the low-temperature plasma described in the present example was 98.66%.
The DPPH free radical clearance rate of the ginger slices treated by the low-temperature plasma is improved by 32.19 percent compared with that of the ginger slices not treated,
color difference Δ E * The color of the fresh ginger slices is 8.34 +/-2.23, which shows that the color of the fresh ginger slices is not obviously changed after the treatment.
Example 3
1. Treating raw materials:
selecting fresh, undamaged, disease-free and insect-bite-free fresh ginger, controlling the weight difference value of the fresh ginger to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing off soil on the surface by using tap water and a soft brush, paying attention to brushing strength to prevent the damage of the surface of the fresh ginger, and then draining;
2. slicing:
transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray; the slice thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm;
3. low-temperature plasma treatment:
the vacuum degree of the low-temperature plasma is set to be less than 70-90 Pa, the power of a discharge power supply is 400W, and the processing time is 4.6 min.
4. And (3) detection:
detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate; and detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
The sterilization rate of the fresh ginger slices by the low-temperature plasma described in this example was 99.89%.
The DPPH free radical clearance of the ginger slices treated by the low-temperature plasma is improved by 33.64 percent compared with that of the ginger slices not treated,
color difference Δ E * The color of the fresh ginger slices is 8.43 +/-2.23, which indicates that the color of the fresh ginger slices is not obviously changed after the fresh ginger slices are treated.
The acidic oxidation potential water treatment of fresh ginger slices for sterilization is used as a comparison, the treatment conditions are that the soaking time is 11 min, the material-liquid ratio is 1:10(g/mL), the soaking temperature is 25 ℃, and finally the sterilization rate is 93%. The sterilization rate of the embodiment 1 of the invention is improved by 4.33 percent compared with the electrolyzed oxidizing water, the sterilization rate of the embodiment 2 of the invention is improved by 5.66 percent compared with the electrolyzed oxidizing water, and the sterilization rate of the embodiment 3 of the invention is improved by 6.89 percent compared with the electrolyzed oxidizing water.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A high-efficiency sterilization method for fresh ginger slices is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. raw material treatment:
selecting fresh ginger, controlling the weight difference value of the fresh ginger to be less than or equal to 10g, brushing the surface of the fresh ginger, and draining;
B. slicing:
transversely cutting the drained fresh ginger into slices under the aseptic condition, and flatly paving the slices on a low-temperature plasma tray;
C. low-temperature plasma treatment:
placing the tray filled with the fresh ginger slices into a treatment cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment;
D. and (3) detection:
d1, detecting the total number of bacterial colonies on the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the sterilization rate;
d2, detecting the DPPH free radical clearance rate of the fresh ginger slices before and after low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the oxidation resistance;
d3, detecting the color of the fresh ginger slices before and after the low-temperature plasma treatment, and calculating the color difference.
2. The efficient sterilization method for sliced fresh ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step A, the selected ginger needs to be fresh, free of damage, disease and insect bite.
3. The efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization method comprises the following steps: and step B, the slice thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm.
4. The efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization method comprises the following steps: and step C, the parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment are as follows: the vacuum degree is 70Pa to 90Pa, the power of a discharge power supply is 300W to 400W, and the processing time is 3min to 5 min.
5. The efficient sterilization method for fresh ginger slices as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step C, the processing process of the sample in the low-temperature plasma processing chamber is specifically as follows:
and firstly, opening a vacuum pump, starting a discharge power supply when the vacuum degree is reduced to be below 100Pa, treating for a certain time, then closing the vacuum pump, taking out a sample, and finally detecting.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step D1 is to calculate the sterilization rate by the following formula:
step D2, the oxidation resistance is determined by the formula:
in the formula, A 0 Absorbance of 1.0mL distilled water +3.0mL DPPH solution; a. the S Absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution +3.0mL of DPPH solution; a. the C Is the absorbance of 1.0mL of ginger sample solution plus 3.0mL of absolute ethyl alcohol;
step D3, calculating the color difference by the following formula:
wherein L denotes luminance, L ═ 0 denotes black, and L ═ 100 denotes white; a > 0 indicates the redness, and conversely the greenness; b > 0 indicates yellowness, but not blueness.
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| CN116849279A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-10-10 | 福建省神蜂科技开发有限公司 | Novel honey ginger tea preparation process |
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