CN114792984A - Quick positioning method for subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation source - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power plant power generation monitoring, relates to a method for quickly positioning a subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation source, and particularly relates to a method for quickly positioning a power plant generating subsynchronous oscillation in a high-proportion renewable energy power system. The sub/super synchronous oscillation signals are extracted by extracting the bus voltage of equipment and the current of each phase of a line in the Internet of things system, the power and the transient energy flow of the sub/super synchronous oscillation are calculated, and the oscillation position is judged according to the direction of the power and the transient energy flow. And extracting the subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation signals in real time to acquire subsynchronous/supersynchronous real-time power, and avoiding data acquisition errors caused by time delay and further inaccurate positioning. The method is simple, the complexity of the algorithm is avoided, and the rapidity of positioning is improved. Meanwhile, the oscillation source is judged according to the flow direction of subsynchronous active power and reactive power, and the method is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power plant power generation monitoring, relates to a method for quickly positioning a subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation source, and particularly relates to a method for quickly positioning a power plant generating subsynchronous oscillation in a high-proportion renewable energy power system.
Background
The electric power system of China will gradually enter the era of high-proportion renewable energy sources. A large amount of random and unstable power is injected into the power system, which may cause the problem of wide-frequency oscillation of the system and affect the stable operation of the system. In addition, power electronic converters are also widely used, and in some cases, subsynchronous oscillation may occur. The subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon becomes a common problem in a new energy grid-connected system, and the subsynchronous oscillation phenomenon also appears repeatedly in power grid accidents all over the world, so that serious loss is caused. However, the research on subsynchronous oscillation at present mostly focuses on analyzing an oscillation mechanism, an analysis method and an oscillation suppression strategy, and the research on the positioning of a subsynchronous oscillation source is still in a starting stage, and documents directly related to the subsynchronous oscillation source are few, so that no effective specific implementation measure is provided at present. . Therefore, further research into the rapid and accurate positioning of the oscillating source is of great importance.
The existing method for positioning the SSO disturbance source can be divided into a model-based method and a measurement data-based method, wherein the model-based method has the problems of difficult accurate modeling, dimension disaster and the like, so that the online application is difficult. The positioning method based on the measurement data has the potential of online application.
At present, research on SSO positioning based on measurement data has obtained certain research foundation and results, and SSO disturbance source positioning is performed from the perspective of energy, impedance data and sub-synchronous power flow. The transient energy flow method is developed by taking a steam turbine set as a core, and scenes such as wind power integration and the like with uncertain disturbance sources and different oscillation mechanisms are not considered, so that further research is needed. The subsynchronous phasor of the voltage and the current is measured, the subsynchronous power flow is calculated based on the subsynchronous phasor, the criterion based on the subsynchronous power flow is given, and the identification of the disturbance source of the subsynchronous control action mechanism can be realized. Although the SSO positioning based on the measured data has important significance, the research on the SSO positioning is still incomplete at present, for example, the coupling propagation of the internal oscillation of the new energy station is not considered, and the applicability of the criterion under the SSO condition with different mechanisms is not researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel quick positioning method of a subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation source aiming at the problems in the traditional SSO positioning based on measurement data. The scheme provided by the invention is an algorithm based on active and reactive power flow directions and transient energy flow combined side subsynchronous oscillation positioning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation signal positioning method, which extracts subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation signals by extracting bus voltage of equipment and each phase current of a line in an internet of things system, calculates power and transient energy flow of subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation, and judges the position of oscillation through the direction of the power and the transient energy flow.
The quick positioning method of the subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation source comprises the following steps of:
(1) extracting subsynchronous signals
Eliminating high-frequency noise by using an FIR filter, extracting an estimated value of the frequency of a subsynchronous signal by using amplitude frequency self-adaptive SOGI-FLL, automatically tracking the frequency corresponding to the signal with the maximum amplitude of an input voltage signal, and obtaining the frequency of supersynchronous oscillation according to the relation between subsynchronous and supersynchronous;
(2) analyzing power of doubly-fed wind power generation system
The stator terminal voltage is:
wherein, U s Representing the amplitude, ω, of the stator voltage 1 Which is indicative of the synchronous angular velocity,
indicating the initial phase angle, U, of the stator voltage signal sub Representing the amplitude, omega, of the subsynchronous voltage sub Representing the angular velocity of the subsynchronous voltages,
indicating the initial phase angle, U, of the subsynchronous voltage sup Representing the amplitude of the supersynchronous voltage, ω sup Representing the angular velocity of the oversynchronous voltage,
representing the initial phase angle of the supersynchronous voltage;
the three-phase current of the stator is as follows:
wherein, I s 、ω 1 、φ si The amplitude, the fundamental wave angular frequency and the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave current are sequentially arranged; i is sub 、ω sub 、φ sub The amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current are sequentially arranged; i is sup 、ω sup 、φ sup The amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the super-synchronous current are sequentially set;
the voltage formula and the current formula are converted by clack, Park and constant amplitude to obtain the following formulas:
wherein i sd Component of stator current in d-axis, i sq Is the component of the stator current on the d-axis, phi s Is the initial phase angle of the stator current, I sub Amplitude of the subsynchronous current, I sup Is the amplitude of the super-synchronous current, phi subui Is the initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current, phi supui Is the initial phase angle of the super-synchronous current, i sd0 For the direct component of the stator current under the d-axis, i sq0 Is the direct component of the stator current in the q-axis, i sd_sub For the AC component of the subsynchronous current in the d-axis, i sq_sub AC component of subsynchronous current in q-axis, i sd_sup For the AC component of the supersynchronous current in the d-axis, i sq_sup Is an alternating current component of the super-synchronous current under a q axis; omega 1 -ω sub Is the subsynchronous frequency, omega 1 -ω sup Is a super-synchronous frequency;
the coordinate system of the grid voltage on d and q axes is as follows:
the active power formula is:
the reactive power formula is:
it can be seen from the above equation for the active power P and the reactive power Q, which contains the DC component, ω 1 -ω sub Frequency component of (a), omega 1 -ω sup Frequency component of (a) and ω sub -ω sup The frequency component of (a); it can be seen that the dc component is generated by the fundamental frequency voltage current signal and the subsynchronous voltage current signal; and extracting signals of a subsynchronous oscillation frequency section through the amplitude frequency self-adaptive SOGI-FLL to obtain subsynchronous voltage and current signals, calculating active power and reactive power, and positioning an oscillation source through the direction of power flow.
(3) Further positioning oscillation source based on transient energy method
The formula is as follows:
∫Im(I ij * dU i )＝∫Im((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,q -i ij,q du i,d )，
∫Re(I ij * dU i )＝∫Re((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,d +i ij,q du i,q )，
the judgment method is as follows:
the total energy consumption in the system is larger than the energy generation, and the oscillation is gradually attenuated;
energy consumption is less than energy generation, and oscillation gradually diverges;
when the energy consumption is equal to the energy generation, the oscillation is constant amplitude oscillation;
and obtaining the position of the oscillation source by judging the direction of the transient energy flow.
Preferably, step (1) employs the MSOGI structure.
Wherein the MSOGI transfer function is:
according to the transfer function, the structure of MSOGI can extract the subsynchronous frequency and the supersynchronous frequency at the same time, and the mutual influence between the subsynchronous frequency and the supersynchronous frequency is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. and extracting the subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation signals in real time to obtain subsynchronous/supersynchronous real-time power, and avoiding data acquisition errors caused by time delay and further inaccurate positioning.
2. The method for obtaining the subsynchronous active and reactive flow directions is simple, the complexity of the algorithm is avoided, and the rapidity of positioning is improved.
3. Meanwhile, the oscillation source is judged according to the flow direction of the subsynchronous active oscillation and the reactive oscillation, and the subsynchronous active oscillation or the subsynchronous reactive oscillation is more accurate to position.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the FIR filter.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the adaptive SOGI-FLL.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the MSOGI structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of SOGI differentiation.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a single-machine oscillatory power flow positioning.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-machine oscillation transient energy flow positioning.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of active and reactive power.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow direction diagram of the transient energy flow 1 and the transient energy flow 2.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
Example 1
The method provided by the embodiment is applied to a wind power system, a schematic overall diagram of the system is shown in fig. 1, and the schematic overall diagram comprises original voltage and current signals I of a power grid and an original power system of a power plant, the original voltage and current signals I are measured by a voltage and current meter arranged in the power plant and the power system, a subsynchronous/supersynchronous oscillation signal extraction unit II is arranged according to the voltage and current signals and is arranged in the power plant and each section of circuit, a subsynchronous/supersynchronous power and transient energy flow unit calculation unit III is obtained according to the extracted oscillation signals, and finally, the position from which the oscillation comes is obtained through an oscillation source direction judgment unit IV. The subsynchronous oscillation information extraction unit II can accurately obtain the information such as real-time amplitude, phase, frequency and the like of subsynchronous oscillation by using a method of FIR + SOGI _ FLL. The original voltage and current signals of the power system are transmitted to a subsynchronous oscillation monitoring system to obtain subsynchronous voltage and current signals, then transmitted to a subsynchronous/supersynchronous power and transient energy flow calculating unit to obtain subsynchronous/supersynchronous power and transient energy flow signals, and finally transmitted to an oscillation source judging unit, and the position of the oscillation source is judged according to the input subsynchronous/supersynchronous active and reactive flowing directions.
(1) And (3) extracting the subsynchronous signals, namely eliminating a high-frequency noise link by utilizing an FIR filter. The structure of the FIR filter is shown in FIG. 2, which can ensure an arbitrary amplitude-frequency characteristic and at the same time has a strict linear phase-frequency characteristic. And then, extracting an estimated value of the frequency of the subsynchronous signal by using the amplitude frequency adaptive SOGI-FLL, wherein the adaptive SOGI-FLL can realize frequency adaptation and can automatically track the frequency corresponding to the signal with the maximum amplitude in the input signal, and the working structure of the adaptive SOGI-FLL is shown in FIG. 3. Since the frequency of the sub-synchronization is known and the frequency of the super-synchronization is obtained accordingly, the MSOGI configuration shown in fig. 4 is adopted to effectively reduce the interaction between the sub-synchronization and the super-synchronization.
(2) The positioning of the oscillation source is firstly the power analysis of the doubly-fed wind power generation system. Assuming that the terminal voltage of the DFIG is three-phase symmetrical, the fluctuation of the voltage signal is small in subsynchronous oscillation, and the supersynchronous component is less in content compared with the subsynchronous component, so that the supersynchronous component in the voltage is ignored in analysis. The voltage can be expressed as:
the three-phase current can be expressed as:
three-phase current wherein s 、ω 1 、φ si Is the amplitude of the fundamental current, the fundamental angular frequency and the initial phase angle; i is sub 、ω sub 、φ sub Is the amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current; I.C. A sup 、ω sup 、φ sup Is the amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the super-synchronous current;
the above formula is transformed by a clack transform and a Park transform, and the constant amplitude value is transformed by:
isd0, isq0, isd _ sub, isq _ sub, isd _ sup, isq _ sup are direct current components of stator currents under d and q axes, alternating current components of subsynchronous currents under d and q axes, and alternating current components of supersynchronous currents under d and q axes, and the subsynchronous frequency is ω 1 -ω sub The supersynchronous frequency is omega 1 -ω sup 。
The grid voltage can be written as:
φ nuu ＝φ us -φ un the initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current on the d and q axes.
By the above derived voltage and current formula, the active power can be expressed as:
the reactive power can be expressed as:
from the derived active and reactive expressions of the formula (5) and the formula (6), it can be seen that the active and reactive power contain a direct current component, omega 1 -ω sub Frequency component of (a), omega 1 -ω sup Frequency component of (a) and ω sub -ω sup A component of (a); wherein the DC component is generated by the voltage and current at the fundamental frequency and the subsynchronous voltage and current; the positioning of the oscillation source can be carried out by extracting the component generated by the subsynchronous voltage and current and judging the active and reactive flowing directions of the component.
And secondly, an oscillation positioning mode based on a transient energy method. In the oscillation process of the doubly-fed wind generator system, after energy is generated from an energy source, the energy flows to an element consuming the energy in a network, an oscillation energy flow is formed in the network, and the energy source, namely the oscillation source, can be positioned according to the energy flow. If the total energy consumption in the system is greater than the energy production, the oscillations gradually decay; whereas if the energy consumption is less than the energy production, the oscillations gradually diverge; when the energy consumption is equal to the energy generation, the oscillation is of constant amplitude.
The expression of the transient energy flow is:
∫Im(I ij * dU i )＝∫Im((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,q -i ij,q du i,d ) (7)
∫Re(I ij * dU i )＝∫Re((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,d +i ij,q du i,q ) (8)
as shown in fig. 5, the differential is implemented by the SOGI to obtain the transient energy of each part.
For example, when oscillation occurs at a in fig. 6, a first method is adopted, original voltage and current signals at A, B, C, D are collected and transmitted to a secondary/super-synchronous monitoring system to obtain real-time secondary/super-synchronous voltage and current signals, and then the signals are transmitted to a secondary/super-synchronous power calculation unit, secondary/super-synchronous power information is obtained through formulas (5) and (6), and active and reactive flow directions at A, B, C, D are obtained through the oscillation source direction determination unit 4, as shown in the flow direction at A, B, C, D in fig. 6. From the flow direction in the figure, it can be derived that the energy of the oscillation source is emitted from the point A to the point B, C, D, and the point A is the oscillation source. By adopting the second method, when the position A in fig. 7 oscillates, the former two steps are consistent with the former two steps, the secondary/super-synchronous voltage and current signals are good, the transient energy flow information is obtained according to the formula (7) and the formula (8), and the position A is obtained as the oscillation source by judging the directions of the two transient energy flows in fig. 7. The two methods have consistent results, and the positioning of the oscillation source can be accurately realized by combining the two methods.
The method also builds a model of the double-fed fan, wherein the model comprises a double-fed fan generator, a transformer, a series compensation power transmission line and a power grid, and obtains original voltage and current signals through voltage and current sensors.
As a result, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, it can be seen from fig. 8 that the DFIG1 has subsynchronous oscillation problem, which is determined by the flow direction of the reactive power and the active power, and is consistent with the theoretical analysis result.
As can be seen from fig. 9, it can be determined from the flow directions of the transient energy flows 1 and 2 that the sub-synchronous oscillation problem occurs in the DFIG1, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis result.
Simulation results show that the algorithm for positioning the sub/super synchronous oscillation can accurately position the source of the sub/super synchronous oscillation, and provide a basis for restraining the next sub synchronous oscillation. And the method provides guarantee for the stable and safe operation of the wind power plant.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A quick positioning method for a sub/super synchronous oscillation source is characterized in that sub/super synchronous oscillation signals are extracted by extracting bus voltage of equipment and each phase current of a line in an internet of things system, power and transient state energy flow of sub/super synchronous oscillation are calculated, and then the position of oscillation is judged according to the direction of the power and the transient state energy flow.
2. The method for rapidly positioning a sub/super synchronous oscillation source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) extracting subsynchronous signals
Eliminating high-frequency noise by using an FIR filter, extracting an estimated value of the frequency of a subsynchronous signal by using amplitude frequency self-adaptive SOGI-FLL, automatically tracking the frequency corresponding to the signal with the maximum amplitude of an input voltage signal, and obtaining the frequency of supersynchronous oscillation according to the relation between subsynchronous and supersynchronous;
(2) analyzing power of doubly-fed wind power generation system
The stator terminal voltages are as follows:
wherein, U s Representing the amplitude, ω, of the stator voltage 1 Which is indicative of the synchronous angular velocity,
indicating the initial phase angle, U, of the stator voltage signal sub Representing the amplitude of the subsynchronous voltage, ω sub Representing the angular velocity of the subsynchronous voltages,
represents the initial phase angle of the subsynchronous voltage,U sup representing the amplitude of the supersynchronous voltage, ω sup Representing the angular velocity of the oversynchronous voltage,
representing the initial phase angle of the supersynchronous voltage; the three-phase currents of the stator are as follows:
wherein, I s 、ω 1 、φ si The amplitude, the fundamental wave angular frequency and the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave current are sequentially arranged; i is sub 、ω sub 、φ sub The amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current are sequentially arranged; i is sup 、ω sup 、φ sup The amplitude, angular frequency and initial phase angle of the super-synchronous current are sequentially set;
the stator terminal voltage formula and the stator three-phase current formula are converted by clack, Park and constant amplitude to obtain the following formulas:
wherein i sd Component of stator current in d-axis, i sq Is the component of the stator current on the d-axis, phi s Is the initial phase angle of the stator current, I sub Amplitude of the subsynchronous current, I sup Is the amplitude of the super-synchronous current, phi subui Is the initial phase angle of the subsynchronous current, phi supui Is the initial phase angle, i, of the super-synchronous current sd0 Is the direct component of the stator current under the d-axis, i sq0 Is the direct component of the stator current in the q-axis, i sd_sub For the AC component of the subsynchronous current in the d-axis, i sq_sub AC component of subsynchronous current in q-axis, i sd_sup For the AC component of the super-synchronous current in the d-axis, i sq_sup Is an alternating current component of the super-synchronous current under a q axis; omega 1 -ω sub At sub-synchronous frequency, ω 1 -ω sup Is a super-synchronous frequency;
the coordinate system of the grid voltage on d and q axes is as follows:
φ nuu ＝φ us -φ un initial phase angles of subsynchronous current on d and q axes;
extracting signals of a subsynchronous oscillation frequency section through the amplitude frequency self-adaptive SOGI-FLL to obtain subsynchronous voltage and current signals, calculating active power and reactive power, and realizing the positioning of an oscillation source through the flowing direction of the power;
the active power formula is:
the reactive power formula is:
wherein, ω is 1 -ω sub 、ω 1 -ω sup And omega sub -ω sup Is a frequency component;
(3) further positioning oscillation source based on transient energy method
The formula is as follows:
∫Im(I ij * dU i )＝∫Im((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,q -i ij,q du i,d )，
∫Re(I ij * dU i )＝∫Re((i ij,d -ji ij,q )(du i,d +jdu i,q ))＝∫(i ij,d du i,d +i ij,q du i,q )，
the judgment method is as follows:
the total energy consumption in the system is larger than the energy generation, and the oscillation is gradually attenuated;
energy consumption is less than energy generation, and oscillation gradually diverges;
when the energy consumption is equal to the energy generation, the oscillation is constant amplitude oscillation;
and obtaining the position of the oscillation source by judging the direction of the transient energy flow.
3. The method for rapidly positioning a sub/ultra-synchronous oscillation source according to claim 2, wherein a MSOGI structure is adopted in the step (1);
wherein the MSOGI transfer function is:
wherein R is 1 (s)、R 2 (s) refers to an intermediate function; k is a radical of 1 、k 2 Is the damping coefficient; omega' sub 、ω′ sup Are estimated values of the subsynchronous angular frequency and the supersynchronous frequency; s corresponds to t in the real number domain and represents a spatial variable of a complex number; v represents an input component; v' sub 、v′ sup Representing subsynchronous and supersynchronous output components.
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| CN117110787A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-24 | 燕山大学 | Subsynchronous oscillation source positioning method of quaternary feature set convolutional neural network |
| CN117110787B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2024-02-09 | 燕山大学 | Subsynchronous oscillation source positioning method of quaternary feature set convolutional neural network |
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