CN114792982B - Reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG - Google Patents

Reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG Download PDF

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CN114792982B
CN114792982B CN202210701238.1A CN202210701238A CN114792982B CN 114792982 B CN114792982 B CN 114792982B CN 202210701238 A CN202210701238 A CN 202210701238A CN 114792982 B CN114792982 B CN 114792982B
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reactive power
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CN114792982A (en
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胡顺全
张良
郭志强
王涛
蔡磊
冯广祥
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Windsun Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention provides a reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG, belonging to the technical field of data processing.A reactive power compensation system comprises reactive power compensation equipment, wherein the reactive power compensation equipment at least comprises two SVGs and one MCR, the reactive power compensation system at least selects one SVG as a host, and the MCR is used as a slave; the coordination control method comprises the following steps: calculating the current reactive power according to the voltage signal and the current signal of the examination point; determining the polarity of reactive power needing to be compensated; under the condition that the polarity is capacitive, reactive power is compensated by the SVG only; and under the condition that the polarity is inductive, carrying out reactive compensation by the SVG and the MCR together. The invention designs a reactive power compensation system consisting of SVG and MCR, provides a coordinated control method based on optimal response time, gives consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of SVC and SVG, and improves the dynamic regulation capability of the system.

Description

Reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and particularly relates to a reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG.
Background
In recent years, renewable energy sources such as wind and light are vigorously developed in China, however, with the increase of the permeability of the renewable energy sources such as wind and light, the influence of the access of the renewable energy sources on a power system cannot be ignored, and the problems of unqualified grid-connected power factor, voltage deviation, voltage fluctuation and the like of the power system are easily caused by the space-time distribution characteristics and uncertainty of wind energy, solar energy and the like. Reactive compensation devices (SVC) and reactive generators (SVG) are effective means for solving the problems, can smoothly adjust reactive power according to system requirements, and have small harmonic content injected into a power grid, thereby having good application prospect.
A Magnetically Controlled Reactor (MCR) is used as a typical reactive power compensation device (SVC), an additional direct current excitation is utilized to magnetize a reactor iron core, and the magnetic saturation degree of the magnetically controlled reactor iron core is adjusted to change the magnetic conductivity of the iron core so as to realize the continuous adjustment of a reactance value. Compared with SVG, MCR as magnetically controlled shunt reactor equipment can only compensate inductive reactive power and has slow response time, and the set target value can be reached only within 0.5S within the rated capacity range of MCR, but the cost of unit capacity is lower. There is therefore a need for a reactive compensation system that combines the advantages of both SVG and MCR in one.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on the MCR and the SVG, aiming at the application scene with large inductive reactive power compensation quantity, the cost of the reactive power compensation system can be saved to the greatest extent, and meanwhile, the reactive power support with quick response can be provided.
The invention provides a reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG, wherein the reactive power compensation system comprises reactive power compensation equipment, and the reactive power compensation equipment is used for collecting voltage signals and current signals of an examination point; the reactive compensation equipment at least comprises two SVGs and one MCR, the reactive compensation system at least selects one SVG as a host, and the MCR is used as a slave;
the coordination control method comprises the following steps:
after receiving the reactive instruction value, the host SVG calculates the current reactive power according to the voltage signal and the current signal of the check point;
determining the polarity of reactive power needing to be compensated;
under the condition that the polarity is capacitive, only SVG compensates reactive power;
under the condition that the polarity is inductive, the SVG and the MCR jointly perform reactive compensation; calculating a difference value between a reactive instruction value received by the host SVG and the current reactive power to obtain a reactive power compensation quantity; when the reactive power compensation amount is within the SVG rated capacity range, compensating reactive power by the SVG, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the SVG actual power to the SVG rated power is equal to the ratio of the MCR actual power to the MCR rated power;
and if the reactive power compensation quantity exceeds the rated capacity range of the SVG, controlling the SVG to fully generate and compensate a part of reactive power, supplementing the rest reactive power by the MCR, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the actual power of the SVG to the rated power of the SVG is equal to the ratio of the actual power of the MCR to the rated power of the MCR.
Further, the calculating the current reactive power according to the voltage signal and the current signal of the reference point includes: for voltage signal at assessment pointe ae be c And current signali ai b Andi c performing Clark conversion, and performing active power according to the current after Clark conversionPAnd reactive powerqAnd calculating according to the following formula:
Figure 35072DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the current reactive power isq
Further, the reactive power compensation system selects at least one SVG as a master, and the MCR is used as a slave, and comprises:
selecting one SVG as a host and the other SVG and MCR as slaves; the two SVGs are in communication connection with each other, the two SVGs are in communication connection with the MCR respectively, the two SVGs are in communication connection with the background AVC device respectively, and the AVC device is used for giving the reactive instruction value;
or, one SVG is selected as a host, the other SVG is selected as a standby host, and when the SVG serving as the host fails, the SVG can be switched to the other SVG serving as the standby host.
Furthermore, the SVG serving as the host collects the fault state and the running state of the SVG serving as the slave through optical fibers, and the SVG serving as the host collects the fault state of the MCR serving as the slave through 485 communication.
The invention has the advantages that the invention provides a reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on the MCR and the SVG, on one hand, aiming at the application scene with large inductive reactive power compensation quantity, a reactive power compensation system consisting of the SVG and the MCR is designed, the unit capacity cost of the MCR is low, simultaneously, the SVG and the MCR both support parallel operation capacity expansion, and can be freely combined according to the actual inductive reactive power compensation quantity requirement, thereby reducing the cost of the reactive power compensation system and simultaneously improving the quick response performance of the reactive power compensation system. On the other hand, the invention provides an SVG and MCR coordinated control method based on optimal response time for the designed reactive power compensation system, a single coordinated controller is not needed to be arranged, the advantages and the disadvantages of the SVC and the SVG are considered, the dynamic regulation capability of the system is improved to the maximum extent, and the cost of the reactive power compensation system is compressed as much as possible. In addition, the invention has reliable design principle, simple structure and very wide application prospect.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a reactive compensation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a flow of a coordination control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following explains key terms appearing in the present invention.
SVG: a reactive generator, a static parallel reactive generating or absorbing device, can adjust its output to a capacitive or inductive current in order to control a specific parameter of the power system (usually the bus voltage).
SVC: a reactive power compensator is a device which is composed of a capacitor and various reactive elements and is connected in parallel with a system to supply reactive power to the system or absorb reactive power from the system.
MCR: a magnetically controlled reactor is a shunt reactor with adjustable capacity and is mainly used for reactive compensation of a power system.
The reactive compensation system needs to realize automatic adjustment and automatic switching of all reactive compensation equipment according to the requirements of a power grid, three operation working conditions of constant device reactive power, constant check point voltage and constant check point power factor are considered according to practical application, the interior of the SVG and the MCR is coordinately controlled, and under multiple operation modes, a computing system of the SVG control system needs to totally control the operation of multiple SVG and MCR devices. Because the reactive power compensation system consists of a plurality of SVG and MCR devices, the reactive power compensation system needs complete fault control logic to ensure the reliable operation of the system, and the system can continue to compensate the reactive power as long as one device can operate.
Based on the above principle, the present embodiment provides a reactive power compensation system, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of the reactive power compensation system in a power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the reactive compensation system includes a reactive compensation device, which is used for collecting a voltage signal and a current signal of a reference point; the reactive compensation equipment at least comprises two SVGs and one MCR, the reactive compensation system at least selects one SVG as a host, and the MCR is used as a slave; selecting one SVG as a host and the other SVG and MCR as slaves; the two SVGs are in communication connection with the MCR respectively, and are in communication connection with the background AVC device respectively, and the AVC device is used for giving the reactive power instruction value; or, one SVG is selected as a host, the other SVG is selected as a standby host, and when the SVG serving as the host fails, the SVG can be switched to the other SVG serving as the standby host.
In this embodiment, a host needs to be provided inside the reactive power compensation system to calculate and comprehensively distribute reactive power, one of the SVGs is taken as the host, and two SVGs and one MCR device reactive instructions are calculated. For example, the first SVG is used as a host, the second SVG and the MCR are used as slaves, the two SVGs can be used as hosts, one host is used during normal use, the other host is used as a standby host, when the SVG serving as the host fails, the SVG serving as the slave can be switched to the other SVG to serve as the host, and the SVG or the MCR serving as the slave can be automatically cut off without influencing the operation of a reactive power compensation system.
In the embodiment, two SVGs can be used as a host, and when the slave SVG which is used as the host fails, the rest SVG and MCR compensate the reactive power together; when the SVG as the host machine fails, the SVG as the slave machine can be switched to the host machine to continue to operate; when the MCR sends a fault, the two SVGs compensate the reactive power; if two SVGs fail simultaneously, the MCR can still continue to compensate inductive reactive power, but the MCR cannot compensate capacitive reactive power; when one SVG and one MCR are in fault, the rest SVG can compensate the system reactive power within the range of the rated capacity of the SVG.
The SVG as the host machine acquires the SVG fault state and the running state as the slave machine through optical fibers, and the SVG as the host machine acquires the MCR fault state as the slave machine through 485 communication. Specifically, the first SVG and the second SVG adopt optical fiber communication, the communication line is connected to the MCR through the RS485-1 interface connection on the first SVG and the second SVG device, the communication line is connected to the RS485-2 interface on the first SVG and the second SVG device, and the communication line is connected with the RS486 interface of the background AVC device.
The reactive power compensation system provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of one or more SVG parallel machines and MCR devices, a communication loop can be formed among the devices, so that reactive power instructions can be correctly distributed to each device, and meanwhile, the devices can simultaneously communicate with a field industrial personal computer, so that the industrial personal computer can conveniently monitor and manage the conditions of the devices.
In summary, the reactive power compensation system including the magnetically controlled shunt reactor and the SVG of the embodiment integrates the advantages of the SVG and the MCR, provides a reactive power support with fast response, improves the power factor of the power grid, and suppresses voltage fluctuation, but the coordination between the two devices requires a perfect control strategy and protection logic, and if the perfect control strategy is not provided, the advantages of the two devices cannot be exerted, but the whole system is subject to the disadvantages of the devices, so that the response speed is reduced, and system oscillation may be more seriously caused, and danger may occur. Therefore, the invention designs a specific coordination control method for the reactive compensation system containing the MCR and the SCG. As shown in fig. 2, the coordination control method includes:
after receiving the reactive instruction value, the host SVG collects the current signal of the current transformer and the voltage signal of the voltage transformer on the power grid check point, and calculates the current reactive power according to the voltage signal and the current signal of the check point, including: for voltage signal at assessment pointe ae be c And current signali ai b Andi c performing Clark conversion, and performing active power according to the current after Clark conversionPAnd reactive powerqAnd calculating according to the following formula:
Figure 714315DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the current reactive power isq
Determining the polarity of reactive power needing to be compensated;
under the condition that the polarity is capacitive, only SVG compensates reactive power; specifically, if the reactive compensation amount is smaller than the rated capacity of the SVG, only the SVG performs reactive compensation; if not, only the SVG is fully used for reactive power compensation.
Under the condition that the polarity is inductive, the SVG and the MCR jointly perform reactive compensation; calculating a difference value between a reactive instruction value received by the host SVG and the current reactive power to obtain a reactive power compensation quantity; when the reactive power compensation amount is within the SVG rated capacity range, compensating reactive power by the SVG, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the SVG actual power to the SVG rated power is equal to the ratio of the MCR actual power to the MCR rated power; and if the reactive power compensation quantity exceeds the rated capacity range of the SVG, controlling the SVG to fully generate and compensate a part of reactive power, supplementing the rest reactive power by the MCR, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the actual power of the SVG to the rated power of the SVG is equal to the ratio of the actual power of the MCR to the rated power of the MCR.
Specifically, when inductive reactive power needs to be compensated, when the SVG serving as the host detects the change of a reactive instruction, the reactive power compensation quantity delta Q = Q is calculated according to the reactive instruction value received by the SVG and the current reactive power ref Q, where Δ Q is the reactive power compensation quantity, Q ref And q is the reactive instruction value and the current reactive power. The reactive power compensation quantity is within the range of the rated capacity of the SVG, the SVG compensates the reactive power in advance, and then the SVG slowly replaces the MCR until the ratio of the actual power of the SVG to the actual power of the MCR to the rated power is equal, namely the ratio is equal
Figure 145427DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The ratio of the actual power to the rated power is a power coefficient; wherein Q SVG Is the actual power, Q, of the SVG output MCR Is the actual power, Q, of the MCR output SVG—rate Rated power, Q, of SVG MCR—rate Is the power rating of the MCR. By utilizing the characteristic of high response speed of SVG, the replacement process is to change delta Q for MCR per second T_step Simultaneous change of power, SVG-Delta Q T_step Power, wherein Δ Q T_step For the step size of the replacement between SVG and MCR, Delta Q T_step The measurement unit of (A) is Mvar/s, delta Q T_step The value of (c) can be set as desired. The total reactive power of all the check points in the whole replacement process is unchanged, and the response time of the reactive power compensation system is equal to that of the SVG. When the reactive power compensation quantity exceeds the rated capacity range of the SVG, the SVG carries out reactive power compensation fully. Because the reactive power compensation quantity exceeds the rated capacity range of the SVG, a part of reactive power still remains even if the SVG is fully transmitted, the remaining reactive power is supplemented by the MCR, and the replacement is carried out slowly until the power coefficients of the SVG and the MCR are equal, so that the response time of a reactive power compensation system is equal to the response time of the MCR.
In the traditional method, an instruction given by AVC equipment is transferred through SVG and then is transmitted to MCR, and the response time in the period is about 2 seconds for the communication time of the AVC to the SVG instruction, about 2 seconds for the communication time of the SVG to the MCR, about 1 second for the response time of the MCR, and about 5 seconds; and the response speed difference between the SVG and the MCR is large, and the communication time is long, at least 2-3 replacement periods are needed for adjustment, namely 10-15 seconds. The method provided by the embodiment can realize that the response time of the reactive power compensation system is equal to the communication time of an AVC instruction to the SVG plus the response time of the SVG within the rated capacity range of the SVG for about 2 seconds, and when the rated capacity of the SVG is exceeded, the response time of the reactive power compensation system is equal to a replacement period and about 5 seconds.
Although the present invention has been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention or any person skilled in the art can easily understand the scope of the present invention and the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. A reactive power compensation system coordination control method based on MCR and SVG is characterized in that the reactive power compensation system comprises reactive power compensation equipment, and the reactive power compensation equipment is used for collecting voltage signals and current signals of an examination point; the reactive compensation equipment at least comprises two SVGs and one MCR, the reactive compensation system at least selects one SVG as a host, and the MCR is used as a slave;
the coordination control method comprises the following steps:
after receiving the reactive instruction value, the host SVG calculates the current reactive power according to the voltage signal and the current signal of the checking point;
determining the polarity of reactive power needing to be compensated;
under the condition that the polarity is capacitive, only SVG compensates reactive power;
under the condition that the polarity is inductive, the SVG and the MCR jointly perform reactive compensation; calculating a difference value between a reactive instruction value received by the host SVG and the current reactive power to obtain a reactive power compensation quantity; when the reactive power compensation amount is within the SVG rated capacity range, compensating reactive power by the SVG, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the SVG actual power to the SVG rated power is equal to the ratio of the MCR actual power to the MCR rated power;
and if the reactive power compensation quantity exceeds the rated capacity range of the SVG, controlling the SVG to fully generate and compensate a part of reactive power, supplementing the rest reactive power by the MCR, adjusting the SVG according to a certain period to reduce the reactive power with a preset step length, and increasing the reactive power with the preset step length by the MCR until the ratio of the actual power of the SVG to the rated power of the SVG is equal to the ratio of the actual power of the MCR to the rated power of the MCR.
2. The coordinated control method for reactive power compensation system based on MCR and SVG according to claim 1, characterized in that said calculating the present reactive power from the voltage signal and the current signal of said reference point comprises: for voltage signal at assessment pointe ae be c And current signali ai b Andi c performing Clark conversion, and performing active power according to the current after Clark conversionPAnd reactive powerqCalculating according to the following formula:
Figure 439566DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the current reactive power isq
3. A coordinated control method for a reactive power compensation system based on MCR and SVG as claimed in claim 1, wherein said reactive power compensation system selects at least one SVG as a master, and MCR as a slave, comprising:
selecting one SVG as a host and the other SVG and MCR as slaves; the two SVGs are in communication connection with the MCR, and are in communication connection with the background automatic voltage control equipment respectively, and the automatic voltage control equipment is used for giving the reactive power instruction value;
or one SVG is selected as a host, the other SVG is selected as a standby host, and when the SVG serving as the host fails, the SVG can be switched to the SVG serving as the standby host.
4. A coordination control method for a reactive power compensation system based on MCR and SVG according to claim 3, characterized in that SVG as host machine collects the fault status and running status of SVG as slave machine through optical fiber, and SVG as host machine collects the fault status of MCR as slave machine through 485 communication.
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CN102055193A (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-11 李瑞生 Static reactive power compensation device based on controllable reactor
CN102231525B (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-07-31 思源清能电气电子有限公司 Voltage quality control (VQC) system based on static var generator(SVG) and method thereof
CN103997045B (en) * 2014-05-30 2016-08-24 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 The collocation method of Reactive Compensation in Wind Farm and system
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