CN114792589A

CN114792589A - High-strength organosilicon silicon rubber disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator

Info

Publication number: CN114792589A
Application number: CN202210417798.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王福有; 于殿科
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-04-20
Filing date: 2022-04-20
Publication date: 2022-07-26

Abstract

The invention provides a high-strength organic silicon silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension type ceramic-glass composite insulator which is characterized by comprising a body and base rubber, wherein the base rubber is wrapped on the surface of the body and is polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber. The silicon rubber is improved, the base rubber component of the silicon rubber is changed, the silicon rubber is novel silicon resin silicon rubber with high performance, long service life and high strength, has important practical significance particularly in the anti-fouling work of ultra/extra-high voltage power grid lines, can save a large amount of construction investment and operation and maintenance cost on the premise of ensuring the safe operation of a power system, and has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit.

Description

High-strength organosilicon silicon rubber disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of power transmission, in particular to a high-strength organic silicon silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator.

Background

With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production, on one hand, the atmospheric pollution is increasingly serious, the pollution is aggravated, the environment is worsened, on the other hand, alternating current and direct current ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line engineering is continuously constructed, the voltage is increased, the network is enlarged, and alternating current and direct current networking is continuously increased, so that pollution flashover accidents of a power system are continuously caused, the related range is wide, the power failure time is long, the safe operation of the power system and power transmission and transformation equipment is seriously threatened, and meanwhile, great economic loss is brought to national economy. The number of pollution flashover trips occurring in the national grid during the winter of each year is thousands, sometimes endangering the security of the provincial grid. It also has a serious impact on increasingly stressed power supplies. Therefore, anti-pollution flashover operation has been an important issue that must be faced by power grids.

The insulators used for the operation of the domestic power grid at present comprise a disc-shaped suspension type porcelain, a glass insulator and a rod-shaped composite insulator, the disc-shaped suspension type porcelain, the glass composite insulator and an RTV (Room temperature vulcanization) anti-pollution flashover coating are four types, and the four types of insulator products are contrastively analyzed as follows:

the rod-type composite insulator has the problems that the rod is separated in the actual operation, the core rod is broken, the composite umbrella skirt is hardened, becomes brittle, pulverized, cracked, scratched, has a dendritic channel, is damaged in sealing, has low mechanical degree and the like, and is easy to have flashover and breakdown faults under special weather conditions, so that the power failure accident of a line is caused. Analysis from the production process of the product: one of the two production processes is that a mould is used, high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is adopted, one-stage, two-stage and three-stage mould pressing or injection production is carried out according to the voltage grade of a product, a core rod and hardware are in compression joint by a compression joint machine in the process, the national grid stipulates that the equipment must be equipped with ultrasonic equipment for detection, the core rod at the compression joint position is prevented from being fractured, and a plurality of recessive cracks cannot be detected in the actual production, so that the occurrence of rod falling or rod breaking in the operation is avoided. On the other hand, the glass fiber core rod needs to be coated with the coupling agent before vulcanization, and the core rod and the silicon rubber umbrella skirt are cracked due to the quality problem of the coupling agent, the process problem or the uneven coating and the missing coating, so that the insulation strength of the core rod and the silicon rubber umbrella skirt is greatly reduced, and the electrical breakdown is caused. In another production process, the glass fiber core rod is coated with high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber through vulcanization, then the umbrella skirt is molded by the high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of a mold, and the umbrella skirt is bonded one by the room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. The service life of the adhesive is short, the adhesive is aged in operation, so that the shed falls off, the function of the whole string of insulators is reduced, and accidents are caused.

The reproduction technology of the disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator in operation at present is divided into two types: firstly, high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is used, the mold is used for integral mold pressing production, the production process firstly cleans an insulator umbrella skirt and a groove, and the cleanliness is required to be high. And then, uniformly coating a coupling agent, wherein no blank is allowed, otherwise, bubbles are generated after vulcanization, and the insulation strength is influenced. If the coupling agent has unqualified quality, the adhesive force of the vulcanized silicone rubber sleeve is poor, so that the rubber sleeve is cracked. Meanwhile, the joint of the vulcanized silicone rubber sleeve and the steel cap needs to be sealed by room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, and because the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber has a short service life, fatal defects are left on products, and the products crack during operation, so that the insulation strength is greatly reduced, and accidents are caused. In construction, the insulator is not allowed to be stepped on. At present, a ceramic composite insulator is mainly used for a power grid, the ceramic insulator is produced by turning, the axial deviation and the radial deviation are large, the breakage rate of the die pressing vulcanized ceramic insulator can reach 10% during production, and the production cost is greatly improved. High temperature and high pressure easily cause cracks of the porcelain umbrella skirt, and silicon rubber is not easy to find after being vulcanized and wrapped, thereby causing potential safety hazards of products. Secondly, the silicon rubber umbrella cover is manufactured by a mould. And bonding and sealing by using room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. Because the service life of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is generally 3-5 years, and the cleaning of the surface and the groove of the insulator does not meet the process requirements during bonding for another reason, impurities and bubbles exist between the insulator and the rubber sleeve after bonding, so that the silicone rubber is perforated to form a permanent breakdown channel.

And the other method is that the disk-shaped suspension porcelain and glass insulator is coated with RTV anti-pollution flashover coating, and the RTV coating on the insulator of the operating line needs two ways of line power failure, tower climbing and hand coating or spraying by a large amount of manpower. The construction mode seriously threatens the personal safety and the environmental pollution is serious. The service life of the national grid is only 5 years, and after 5 years, the insulator surface coating needs to be removed and then recoated, so that the labor intensity is high, the power failure cost is high, the labor cost is high, and the service life is short.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a high-strength organic silicon silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator which is characterized by comprising a body and a base adhesive, wherein the base adhesive is sprayed on the outer side of the body, and the base adhesive is polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber.

The polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-200 parts of hydroxyl-terminated silicone rubber, 0.1-10 parts of dimethyl propenyl siloxane, 1-50 parts of white carbon black treated by trimethyl silane, 0.1-10 parts of 2-anisidine, 1-20 parts of vinyl tributyl silicane oxide, 0.1-10 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.1-10 parts of phenylethyl siloxane, 0.1-10 parts of polybutylenoxime silane, 0.1-10 parts of titanate and 0.1-10 parts of vinyl butoxy dibutyl silicane oxide.

The body is made of ceramic materials.

The body is made of glass materials.

The production process of the polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber comprises the following steps:

1. mixing the base rubber raw material with the processing aid and the filler in a high-speed stirrer, wherein the speed of the stirrer is 300-;

2. continuously feeding the prepared rubber material into a charging bucket in a decompression state, continuously degassing in the charging bucket and adding a thixotropic agent, controlling the vacuum of the charging bucket to be below 13.33KPa, continuously conveying the mixed thixotropic agent and the degassed rubber material to a static mixer by a pump, and continuously feeding a mixture of a crosslinking agent and a catalyst to the static mixer by a KRC kneader;

3. continuously feeding the rubber material mixed by the static mixer into a double-rod mixing extruder, and continuously supplementing a cross-linking agent or other additives; the rubber material is fully mixed in a double-rod mixing extruder at the temperature of below 80 ℃ and then continuously enters a mixer for degassing.

4. The glue stock produced above is used as base glue according to the technical requirements of the used products, then 0.01-0.1 part by mass of polyalkyl aryl organic silicon resin is added, and the mixture is fed into a stirrer for mixing, alkyl and aryl are directly connected to the same silicon atom during mixing, and after a copolymer is generated by a co-condensation method, the copolymer is fed into a material tank for degassing, and the final base glue coating is obtained.

The wrapping mode is liquid electrostatic spraying.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves some insulators, changes the base rubber components, is novel silicon rubber with high performance, long service life and high strength, has important practical significance especially in the antifouling work of ultra/extra-high voltage power grid lines, can save a large amount of construction investment and operation and maintenance cost on the premise of ensuring the safe operation of a power system, and has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit.

The invention can be widely used for electric power, high-speed rail lines, transformer substation insulators, pillars and sleeves. The base rubber is sprayed on the body by adopting a liquid electrostatic spraying process, and is wrapped by novel high-performance long-life polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicon rubber with different thicknesses according to needs, so that the mechanical property (adhesive force), the electrical property (corona resistance, tracking resistance and electric corrosion resistance) and the aging resistance (environmental aging resistance) of the electrical equipment are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the mechanical strength and the hardness of the silicon rubber are greatly improved. The self-cleaning capability is enhanced, the effective service life of the hydrophobic migration performance reaches 30 years, the aging resistance (service life) is not less than 30 years, the self-cleaning agent has excellent hydrophobicity and hydrophobic migration performance, the contact angle of the hydrophobicity is not less than 120 degrees, the rolling angle is not more than 10 degrees (or the hydrophobicity is not less than HC1), and the pollution flashover resistance performance is more than 2.8 (a comparative test). The construction conditions are the same as those of porcelain and glass insulators, and the porcelain insulator can be trampled, so that cleaning and maintenance are avoided. All electrical test methods and test parameters of the produced product are the same as those of a disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulator, a glass insulator, a support and a sleeve.

This application is resistant to pollution flashover ability improves greatly, and in equal voltage transmission line, than equal porcelain, glass insulator, can reduce the insulator piece number, has alleviateed whole transmission line's weight like this, can change this circuit iron and take the structure, practices thrift a large amount of steel, reduces the budget estimate of this circuit. Because the novel insulator is free from cleaning and maintenance, the power failure of the power transmission line and the line maintenance workload are reduced, the operation cost is saved, and the power transmission quantity of the line is greatly improved.

According to the invention, the addition of the phenyl ethyl siloxane in a certain proportion can improve the high and low temperature resistance of the coating. The addition of the trifluoropropyl group and the cyano group can improve the temperature resistance and the oil resistance of the coating. Can normally work within the range of 70-180 degrees below zero. The fumed silica is one of the reinforcing agents of the coating, and the sizing material reinforced by the fumed silica has high mechanical strength and good electrical property. The phenylethylsiloxane has excellent flame retardancy at a content of 20-40%, and has excellent weather resistance and radiation resistance at a content of 40-50%. The coating contains a certain proportion of methyl phenyl vinyl components, so that the coating has electric insulation performance of wide temperature range, oxidation resistance and good weather resistance, and also has excellent low temperature resistance, flame retardance, weather resistance and other performances. These properties vary depending on the benzene content in the molecular chain.

The invention focuses on controlling the content of low molecular organic siloxane and strictly removes GD-D20 and even D3-D40 in the base glue.

The invention solves the problems that the hydrophobic contact angle of the silicon rubber material can not be recovered to the initial level of a new sample after the action of corona discharge, the range of the surface of the silicon rubber material influenced by the corona discharge is gradually enlarged after different time of the corona discharge, a black powdery corona ring is generated on the surface, the early development is faster, then the surface layer damage is gradually changed into the depth direction development, the surface and the inner layer of the material can be subjected to different degrees of electrical erosion damage, the relative strength of the silicon rubber main chain group Si-O-Si, the side chain group Si-CH3 and the C-H bond in methyl is reduced along with the increase of the action time of the corona discharge, the tensile strength and the hardness of the material are reduced, and the dielectric property is obviously reduced. The newly developed product has unique silicon-oxygen bond, high main bond performance, high chemical stability, small intermolecular interaction force, high heat resistance, high cold resistance, high ozone resistance, high corona resistance, high electric performance and stable mechanical performance in different environments. The invention has excellent electrical insulation performance, such as dielectric loss, voltage resistance, arc resistance, corona resistance, volume resistivity, surface resistivity and the like; the composite insulator also has extremely high pollution flashover resistance, and solves the problems of line accidents caused by surface cracking, interface breakdown, core rod fracture, pulling-off of hardware fittings and core rods and serious deterioration of external insulating materials of the composite insulator. The lightning stroke resistance overvoltage level of the product is greatly improved, the electric field distribution of the product is improved, and the product is more uniform, so that the partial discharge caused by local high field intensity is slowed down, and the discharge voltage under the same discharge distance is improved. Has good chemical stability, alkali resistance, acid resistance, salt mist resistance and solvent resistance, and is an excellent insulating material with high dielectric property, surface leakage resistance and electric arc resistance.

The novel high-performance long-life high-strength polyalkylaryl organosilicon composite silicone rubber adopts a novel liquid electrostatic spraying process on the surfaces of disk-shaped suspension porcelain, glass insulator, pillar, sleeve and the like with various specifications, so that composite insulators made of novel materials with different thicknesses are firmly attached to the surfaces of the disk-shaped suspension porcelain, glass insulator, pillar, sleeve and the like.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The high-strength organosilicon silicon rubber disk-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator has the specific processing mode that:

1. selecting a body according to the requirements of customers, preparing a base rubber processing raw material, putting the raw material into a high-speed stirrer, mixing the base rubber, the processing aid and the filler in the high-speed stirrer at the speed of 300-1000r/min and at the mixing temperature of not more than 80 ℃, and avoiding gelation when mixing with the cross-linking agent and the catalyst in the next step. The charging coefficient in the stirrer is controlled at 10-30% by outlet pressure, and the rubber material after continuous feeding and mixing is continuously discharged.

2. Continuously feeding the prepared rubber material into a charging tank in a reduced pressure state, continuously degassing the charging tank and adding a thixotropic agent, controlling the vacuum of the charging tank to be below 13.33KPa, continuously conveying the mixed thixotropic agent and the degassed rubber material to a static mixer by a pump, and continuously feeding the mixture of the crosslinking agent and the catalyst to the static mixer by a KRC kneader.

3. The rubber material mixed by the static mixer continuously enters a double-rod mixing extruder, and the cross-linking agent or other additives are continuously supplemented. The rubber material is fully mixed at a temperature of below 80 ℃ in a double-rod mixing extruder and then continuously enters a mixer for degassing.

5. According to the use requirement, the base glue coating is sprayed on the outer side of the body by an electrostatic spraying means.

Example 2

The base adhesive coating of the invention is added with a certain proportion of phenyl on the basis of the base adhesive hydroxyl adhesive, so that the high and low temperature resistance of the coating can be improved. The addition of the trifluoropropyl group and the cyano group can improve the temperature resistance and the oil resistance of the coating. Can normally work within the range of 70-180 degrees below zero. The fumed silica is one of the reinforcing agents of the coating, and the sizing material reinforced by the fumed silica has high mechanical strength and good electrical property. It has excellent flame retardancy at a phenyl group content of 20 to 40%, and has excellent weather resistance and radiation resistance at a phenyl group content of 40 to 50%. The coating contains a certain proportion of methyl phenyl vinyl components, so that the coating has electric insulation performance of wide temperature range, good oxidation resistance and weather resistance, and also has excellent low temperature resistance, flame retardance, weather resistance and other performances. These properties vary depending on the benzene content in the molecular chain. The electrical strength test data of the coating are as follows, referring to the national standard: not less than 18kv/mm

According to the test results, the coating thickness was increased, and the insulation strength was increased. According to the current power grid operation parameters, the thickness of the common insulator coating is 2-3 mm, and the requirement can be met. The transition increases the coating thickness, which has an effect on the electrical distribution of the insulator string.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. While the invention has been described with respect to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The high-strength organosilicon silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension type ceramic and glass composite insulator is characterized by comprising a body and base rubber, wherein the base rubber is wrapped on the surface of the body and is polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber.

2. The high strength silicone-silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension porcelain, glass composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein said base rubber further comprises a polyalkylaryl silicone resin.

3. The disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator of the high-strength organic silicon-silicon rubber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicon rubber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-200 parts of hydroxyl-terminated silicone rubber, 0.1-10 parts of dimethyl propenyl siloxane, 1-50 parts of white carbon black treated by trimethyl silane, 0.1-10 parts of 2-anisidine, 1-20 parts of vinyl tributyl silicane oxide, 0.1-10 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.1-10 parts of phenylethyl siloxane, 0.1-10 parts of polybutylenoxime silane, 0.1-10 parts of titanate and 0.1-10 parts of vinyl butoxy dibutyl silicane oxide, and the white carbon black is taken as base rubber.

4. The high strength silicone-silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension porcelain, glass composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein said polyalkylaryl silicone rubber.

5. The high-strength silicone-silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension porcelain-glass composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the body is made of a ceramic material.

6. The high-strength silicone rubber disc-shaped suspension porcelain and glass composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the body is made of glass.

7. The disc-shaped suspension type porcelain and glass composite insulator of high-strength organic silicon-silicone rubber according to claim 3, wherein the production process of the polyalkylaryl organic composite high-strength silicone rubber comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing the base rubber raw material and the processing aid platinum complex in a high-speed stirrer at the speed of 300-1000r/min and at the mixing temperature of not more than 80 ℃ to avoid gelation when the raw material is mixed with the crosslinking agent and the catalyst in the next step, controlling the charging coefficient in the stirrer at 10-30% by outlet pressure, and continuously discharging the rubber material after continuous feeding and mixing;

(2) continuously feeding the prepared rubber material into a charging bucket in a decompression state, continuously degassing in the charging bucket and adding a thixotropic agent, controlling the vacuum of the charging bucket to be below 13.33KPa, continuously conveying the mixed thixotropic agent and the degassed rubber material to a static mixer by a pump, and continuously feeding a mixture of a crosslinking agent and a catalyst to the static mixer by a KRC kneader;

(3) continuously feeding the rubber material mixed by the static mixer into a double-rod mixing extruder; the rubber material is fully mixed in a double-rod mixing extruder at the temperature of below 80 ℃ and then continuously enters a mixer for degassing.

(4) The produced rubber material is used as base rubber according to the technical requirements of used products, then 0.1-10 parts by mass of polyalkyl aryl organic silicon resin is added and fed into a stirrer for mixing, alkyl and aryl are directly connected onto the same silicon atom during mixing, a copolymer is generated by a co-condensation method and then fed into a material tank for degassing to obtain the final base rubber coating.

8. The disc-shaped suspension porcelain and glass composite insulator of high-strength silicone rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that the wrapping mode is liquid electrostatic spraying.