CN114791992B - Deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory - Google Patents

Deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory Download PDF

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CN114791992B
CN114791992B CN202210714431.9A CN202210714431A CN114791992B CN 114791992 B CN114791992 B CN 114791992B CN 202210714431 A CN202210714431 A CN 202210714431A CN 114791992 B CN114791992 B CN 114791992B
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雷波
段继超
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Qingdao Research Institute Of Northwest Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention provides a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory, belonging to the technical field of deep sea detection, and the method comprises S1, decomposing the projection shape of a deep sea target body in the incident wave direction into a projection shape along the length direction of the target body
Figure 600186DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
A segment trapezoidal region; s2, calculating a far-field scattering morphological function of the target body; s3, calculating a target volume to sound ray scattering form function list; s4, calculating a forward scattering sound field in a deep sea channel, decomposing a sound beam into a plurality of sound rays which are continuously transmitted by the method, wherein the number of the sound rays is not increased along with the frequency of the sound waves, and the calculation problems caused by large number of deep sea modes and frequency change are solved; the projection shape of the target in the sound ray incidence direction is calculated by adopting a projection function method to calculate the scattering form function of the target, and the scattering form function is organically combined with a ray model transmitted by a channel through the sound ray incidence angle and the scattering angle, so that the calculation speed is greatly improved.

Description

Deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea detection, and particularly relates to a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on a ray theory.
Background
When a target exists between a sound source and a receiver, the sound field structure is changed along with the scattering of the sound wave by the target, so that a new interference rule appears in a received signal. According to the scattering principle, compared with the traditional backscatter detection, the forward scatter detection has the potential advantages of long action distance, high reliability, power consumption saving and capability of detecting a stealth target. Therefore, calculation of a target forward scattering sound field is necessary in underwater acoustic detection, a traditional forward scattering model mainly comprises a normal wave-scattering form function coupling method, a wave number integration-scattering form function coupling method, a parabolic equation method and the like, and due to the reasons of calculation accuracy, application background and the like, the two methods are widely applied, the normal wave-scattering form function coupling method can be mainly divided into a T-matrix method, a kirchhoff method and the like, and the defects that multiple scattering effects are considered, calculation is long and complex, the number of normal wave modes is increased sharply in a deep sea environment, and calculation time is slow; the wave number integral-scattering form function mainly comprises a virtual source method, a sphere volume division and the like, and has the defects that the calculation of a regular target such as a sphere target is simple enough, but a finite element is required to be introduced into a complex target to calculate the target scattering function, and the wave number domain calculation amount is very large.
In general, the main difficulties of the existing forward scattering modeling are that a complex target volume scattering morphological function is difficult to obtain and the accompanying forward scattering sound field has too large calculation amount, so that the forward scattering morphological function is difficult to effectively utilize in the actual deep sea underwater acoustic target detection application. Therefore, how to rapidly calculate the scattering sound field of the target under limited resources and provide basic guarantee for active detection in deep sea is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on a ray theory, which is a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on the combination of a sound ray propagation theory and a kirchhoff integral equation and is used for reducing the calculation amount of a deep sea target scattering sound field.
In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:
a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory comprises the following steps:
s1, decomposing the projection shape of the deep sea target body in the incident wave direction into a shape along the length direction of the target body
Figure 264473DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
A segment trapezoidal region;
s2, calculating a far-field scattering morphological function of the target body;
s3, calculating a target volume to sound ray scattering form function list;
and S4, calculating a forward scattering sound field in the deep sea channel.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the number of the trapezoidal areas
Figure 309789DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And (4) section.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a calculation formula of the target far-field scattering morphological function is:
Figure 970577DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
in the formula:
Figure 191474DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
sequentially representing incident wave glancing angle and azimuth angle;
Figure 279516DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
sequentially representing the grazing angle and the azimuth angle of the scattering wave;
Figure 812129DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
sequentially representing the acoustic wave length and the wave number at the depth of the target acoustic center;
Figure 168286DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
sequentially representing the horizontal position, the vertical position and the area of the target element.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 further includes:
s21, when the height ratio of the acoustic wave wavelength to the trapezoidal area is larger than 3, calculating the scattering function of each trapezoidal area, and superposing all trapezoidal scattering functions to obtain the far-field scattering form function of the target body, wherein the specific calculation method comprises the following steps: using straight line segments
Figure 102744DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure 361687DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
And
Figure 381595DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
respectively replace the first
Figure 525132DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
The upper and lower boundaries of each infinitesimal, the target scattering morphological function after linear fitting is expressed as:
Figure 314096DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
wherein
Figure 9520DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Figure 906938DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Figure 447640DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 356691DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
the direction of the azimuth is represented by,
Figure 98382DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
the angle of grazing is shown to be,
Figure 92882DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
representing the wave number at the depth of the target body, wherein variables containing subscript i represent parameters corresponding to incident waves, and variables without subscript i represent parameters corresponding to scattered waves;
s22, when the height ratio of the acoustic wave wavelength to the trapezoid area is not more than 3, the waist distance of each trapezoid area is equivalent to the diameter of a tiny cylinder, the scattering form function of the equivalent cylinder is calculated by a deformed cylinder method, and the scattering form functions of all tiny cylinders are superposed to obtain the target scattering form function.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 further includes:
s31, calculating incident intrinsic sound ray, calculating the intrinsic sound ray from sound source to target sound center position in the determined underwater sound environment by using ray acoustic model, and obtaining the amplitude of all intrinsic sound rays
Figure 437276DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
Time delay
Figure 824002DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
And receive glancing angle
Figure 126807DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
；
S32, calculating scattering intrinsic sound ray, using the target sound center as sound source position, and pressing the forward scattering field point to be calculated
Figure 343025DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Dividing the regions of each group, calculating the amplitude of the intrinsic sound ray reaching the position of each group of receiving field points by using a ray acoustic model
Figure 366476DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Time delay
Figure 984539DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
And angle of emission glancing
Figure 458245DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
Synchronously calculating intrinsic sound rays of each group of field points, wherein the number of the forward scattering field points is 10-1000;
s33, calculating a sound ray scattering form function, calculating a free field scattering form function in a certain grazing open angle interval, and fitting an intrinsic sound ray scattering function corresponding to an incident intrinsic sound ray angle by using the free field scattering form function as an interpolation point and adopting a cubic spline interpolation method to obtain a function value list corresponding to all scattering intrinsic sound rays;
the grazing incidence angle interval is in a range of-90 degrees in the vertical direction, and the number of interpolation points is 181.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the sum of the results obtained for each incident and scattered sound ray is represented by a table look-up method as follows:
Figure 286393DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the sound beam is decomposed into a plurality of sound rays which are continuously transmitted, the number of the sound rays is not increased along with the frequency of the sound waves, and the calculation problem caused by the large number of deep sea modes and the change along with the frequency is solved; the projection shape of the target in the sound ray incidence direction is calculated by adopting a projection function method to calculate the scattering form function of the target, and the scattering form function is organically combined with a ray model transmitted by a channel through the sound ray incidence angle and the scattering angle, so that the calculation speed is greatly improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal positive lateral attitude orthographic projection of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a piecewise linear fit of a projection profile of a BeTSSi-Sub submarine model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of scattering morphology functions of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model provided by the embodiment of the present invention under different attitudes;
FIG. 5 is a deep sea sound velocity profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the propagation loss of the deep-sea direct sound field provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of a scattering morphology function and a cubic spline interpolation function of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a comparison graph of normalized function of the spatial distribution of the exit intensity of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model and the point target according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a deep sea forward scattering sound field propagation loss diagram of the bettssi-Sub submarine model according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on a ray theory, which uses a bettssi-Sub submarine model as a target body to calculate a forward scattering sound field in a deep sea environment, and includes the following steps:
s1, firstly, acquiring a projection shape profile of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model in the incident wave direction, dividing the profile of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model into 300 sections of trapezoidal areas along a long axis, and carrying out piecewise linear fitting processing on the projection profile of the model, wherein the projection shape profile in the positive and transverse direction is shown in a figure 2, and the piecewise linear fitting processing figure is shown in a figure 3;
s2, respectively calculating the scattering function of each section of trapezoidal area, and then summing all the scattering functions to obtain a far field scattering form function of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model in the incident wave direction;
in this embodiment, under the condition of an acoustic frequency of 1000Hz, the acoustic wavelength is greater than 3 times the height of the trapezoid, so a kirchhoff method is used to calculate the scattering function of the trapezoid, and a contrast diagram of the far-field scattering morphology function of the positive transverse attitude and the offset 45-degree attitude of the bettssi-Sub submarine model is obtained, as shown in fig. 4;
s3, calculating a list of acoustic ray scattering form functions of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model, wherein the calculation conditions set in the embodiment are that the sea depth is 3000m, the acoustic source depth is 100m, the frequency is 1000Hz, the equivalent beam width is 60 degrees in the grazing direction, the acoustic velocity profile is a typical deep-sea MunK acoustic velocity profile, the acoustic velocity profile is shown in a reference figure 5, the seabed sediment is a sediment seabed, the sediment acoustic velocity is 1668m/S, the sediment density is 1.806g/cm3, the longitudinal wave absorption coefficient is 0.692kHz/dB, the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model is located 300m below the sea surface, the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model is placed in a positive horizontal direction relative to a receiving and transmitting connecting line, the target is 20km away from the acoustic source, and an incident sound field propagation diagram obtained by calculation of the acoustic ray propagation model is shown in a reference figure 6;
in this embodiment, a position with a depth of 300m and a horizontal distance of 20km from a sound source is selected as an acoustic center position of a BeTSSi-Sub submarine model, 7 intrinsic sound rays reaching the position are total, the 7 sound rays are called incident sound rays, the acoustic center position of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model is used as the sound source position, vertical field points with the same horizontal distance from the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model are divided into a group, the field points of each group are synchronously calculated in the calculation to obtain 6 groups of data of amplitude, time delay and emission grazing angle, then the groups of data are sequentially spliced according to the horizontal distance, the emission grazing angle of each scattering sound ray is interpolated in a cubic spline interpolation mode, and the obtained scattering form function and the comparison result after interpolation are shown in FIG. 7;
s4, calculating distribution of deep sea scattering sound field, after incident sound ray passes through a BeTSSi-Sub submarine model, the intensity space distribution of emergent sound ray changes due to the scattering form function of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model, the emergent intensity space distribution is obtained by the product of the incident sound ray amplitude and the scattering form function, under the parameter setting in the step S3, the emergent intensity space distribution normalization comparison graph before and after changing is shown in a reference figure 8, the incident sound ray and the scattering form function are overlapped to obtain the target scattering emergent intensity space distribution, each scattering sound ray is multiplied by the target scattering emergent intensity in the corresponding direction to obtain the sound ray reaching intensity of all complete paths, the sound ray reaching intensities are sequentially filled into a field point matrix according to the field point position reached by the sound ray, and the obtained scattering sound field graph of the BeTSSi-Sub submarine model is shown in a reference figure 9.
The calculation of the embodiment shows that when the scattering sound field of the deep sea target is calculated under the frequency of 1000Hz, when the number of sound rays is 7 and the number of interpolation points is 181, the calculation efficiency is improved by about 1100 times compared with the traditional normal wave model method.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on ray theory is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, decomposing the projection shape of the deep-sea target body in the incident wave direction into N sections of trapezoidal areas along the length direction of the target body;
s2, calculating a far-field scattering morphological function of the target body;
s3, calculating a target volume to sound ray scattering form function list;
wherein, S31, incident eigen-ray calculation, in the determined underwater acoustic environment, using ray acoustic model to calculate the eigen-ray from the sound source to the target sound center position, obtaining the amplitude a of all eigen-ray i Time delay τ i And receiving grazing angle theta i ；
S32, calculating scattering intrinsic sound ray, using the target sound center as sound source position, dividing the forward scattering field points to be calculated into K groups, calculating the amplitude b of the intrinsic sound ray reaching the position of each group of receiving field points by using a ray acoustic model i Time delay mu i And glancing angle of emission
Figure FDA0003806385210000011
Synchronously calculating intrinsic sound rays of each group of field points, wherein the number of the forward scattering field points is 10-1000;
s33, calculating a sound ray scattering form function, calculating a free field scattering form function in a certain grazing open angle interval, and fitting an intrinsic sound ray scattering function corresponding to an incident intrinsic sound ray angle by taking the free field scattering form function as an interpolation point and adopting a cubic spline interpolation method to obtain a function value list corresponding to all scattering intrinsic sound rays;
wherein the grazing incidence angle interval is in the range of-90 to 90 degrees in the vertical direction, and the number of interpolation points is 181;
s4, calculating a forward scattering sound field in the deep sea channel, multiplying incident sound rays and scattering form functions in a superposition mode under the parameter setting in the step S3 to obtain target scattering emergent intensity space distribution, multiplying each scattering sound ray by the target scattering emergent intensity in the corresponding direction to obtain the sound ray reaching intensities of all complete paths, and filling the sound ray reaching intensities into a field point matrix in sequence according to the field point positions reached by the sound rays to obtain the forward scattering sound field.
2. The deep sea target forward scattering sound field calculation method based on the ray theory as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number N of the trapezoidal areas is 100-300 segments.
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