CN114790391A - Hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped up-conversion nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation - Google Patents
Hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped up-conversion nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114790391A CN114790391A CN202210386846.8A CN202210386846A CN114790391A CN 114790391 A CN114790391 A CN 114790391A CN 202210386846 A CN202210386846 A CN 202210386846A CN 114790391 A CN114790391 A CN 114790391A
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 manganate ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003317 GdCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K erbium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Er](Cl)Cl HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K gadolinium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Gd](Cl)Cl MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
- CKLHRQNQYIJFFX-UHFFFAOYSA-K ytterbium(III) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Yb+3] CKLHRQNQYIJFFX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012984 biological imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001215 fluorescent labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001748 luminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
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- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrophilic modification method of an oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nano-material based on ligand oxidation, wherein an oleic acid ligand on the surface of up-conversion luminescent nano-particles is oxidized into azelaic acid by utilizing the strong oxidizing property of potassium permanganate at the interface of a cyclohexane and acetone mixed organic solution containing the up-conversion luminescent nano-particles and a potassium permanganate and sodium periodate aqueous solution, so that the nano-particles with original hydrophobicity are converted into the azelaic acid, sodium periodate inhibits the formation of manganate ions in the oxidation process, the utilization efficiency of the permanganate ions is improved, and acetone is favorable for finally obtaining the light-colored hydrophilic up-conversion luminescent nano-particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new materials, and particularly relates to a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation.
Background
The upconversion luminescent material has wide application prospect in the fields of biological imaging, fluorescence labeling, temperature sensing, biological probes, biological sensing and the like due to unique luminescent characteristics, but the preparation of the upconversion luminescent nanoparticle with high quality mostly relates to a high-temperature solvothermal preparation process, the nanoparticle prepared by the method is blocked by oleic acid and has hydrophobicity, and the hydrophilic modification of the hydrophobic nanoparticle is a precondition for biological application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-terminated up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, so that oleic acid-terminated hydrophobic up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles synthesized by a high-temperature solvothermal method have hydrophilicity, and the biological application range of the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles is further enlarged.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, the modification method comprising the steps of:
(1) adding rare earth chloride, Octadecene (ODE) and Oleic Acid (OA) into a three-neck flask, heating to 160 ℃ under a stirring state, reacting for 40min, cooling to room temperature, adding sodium fluoride, stirring for 20min under the room temperature, heating to 310 ℃, reacting for 30min, cooling to room temperature, performing centrifugal separation, and dispersing a centrifugal substance in cyclohexane to obtain a colloidal solution of nanoparticles;
(2) adding the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticle colloidal solution obtained in the step (1) into a beaker A, and adding acetone under a stirring state;
(3) adding potassium permanganate and sodium periodate into the beaker B, adding deionized water, and stirring until the solid is completely dissolved;
(4) and dropwise adding the solution in the beaker B into the beaker A, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, washing twice with deionized water, dispersing the centrifugate in 10mL of deionized water to obtain the aqueous solution of the up-conversion luminescent nano particles, and then carrying out biological application on the basis.
Further, in the step (1), the rare earth chloride comprises the following components: GdCl 3 、YbCl 3 、ErCl 3 The molar mass ratio is as follows: 40:9:1.
Further, in the step (1), OA and ODE were used in an amount of 8mL each.
Further, in the step (1), the molar mass ratio of the sodium fluoride to the rare earth is as follows: 5:1.
Further, in the step (1), the rotation speed of the centrifuge during the centrifugal separation should be set to 8200 rpm.
Further, in the step (2), the volume ratio of acetone to cyclohexane is: 1:1.
Further, in the step (2), the rotation speed in the stirring state is set as follows: 520 rpm.
Further, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the using amounts of the potassium permanganate and the sodium periodate is as follows: 1:12.5.
Further, in the step (4), when the solution in the beaker B is added to the beaker a, a slow dropwise addition method is required.
Further, in the step (4), after the solution in the beaker B is added into the beaker A, the reaction time is 24 hours under stirring.
Further, in the step (4), after the solution in the beaker B was added to the beaker a, the reaction ambient temperature was stirred to be 23 ℃.
Further, in the step (4), after the solution in the beaker B is added to the beaker A, the stirring rotation speed is set to 520 rpm.
Further, in the step (4), during centrifugal separation, the rotation speed of the centrifuge should be set as: 4000 rpm.
The invention provides a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, and the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles with original hydrophobicity have extremely superior hydrophilicity after hydrophilic modification is carried out on the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles by the method, so that biological application of the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles can be developed on the basis.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: the ligand oxidation is realized by mainly utilizing the strong oxidizing property of potassium permanganate, and the potassium permanganate oxidizes the oleic acid ligand on the surface of the up-conversion luminescent nano-particles into azelaic acid, so that the hydrophobic up-conversion luminescent nano-particles with the end capped by the oleic acid have hydrophilicity; in the process, the permanganate ions are reduced into manganate ions, and the oxidability of the manganate ions is weaker than that of the permanganate ions, so sodium periodate needs to be added into a reaction system to inhibit the formation of the manganate ions and enhance the reutilization of the permanganate ions;
in addition, the content of the permanganate ion directly determines the oxidation speed of the whole oxidation process, theoretically, the reaction speed is faster when the amount of the potassium permanganate is larger, but if the amount of the potassium permanganate is too large and the content of the sodium periodate is not enough for the formation of the manganate ion all the time, the oxidation speed of the oleic acid ligand on the surface of the upconversion luminescent nanoparticle can be reduced, so that the content of the sodium periodate in the system is required to be far higher than that of the potassium permanganate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, and the method can obtain the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles with hydrophilicity and superior performance.
(2) The invention provides a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, compared with the conventional ligand oxidation method, the method for modifying oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles by increasing the dosage of potassium permanganate can greatly improve the oxidation speed of oleic acid ligands, and only needs to be oxidized for 24 hours.
(3) The invention provides a hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation, wherein the oleic acid end-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles are dispersed in a mixed organic solvent composed of cyclohexane and acetone before oxidation, and compared with a conventional ligand oxidation method, the method can obtain an aqueous solution of the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles with lighter color instead of brownish black.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an oxidation process of a hydrophilic modification method of ligand-oxidized oleic acid-capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles.
Fig. 2 is a projection electron micrograph of oleic acid capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles.
Fig. 3 is a luminescence spectrum of oleic acid capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles oxidized by a ligand in an aqueous solution.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
(1) preparation of up-conversion luminescent material:
0.08mmol GdCl3, 0.018mmol YbCl3, 0.002mmol ErCl3, 8mL ODE and 8mL OA are added into a three-neck flask, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under the stirring state, after 40min of reaction, 0.5mmol sodium fluoride is added after the temperature is lowered to room temperature, the temperature is raised to 310 ℃ after 20min of stirring under the room temperature, after 30min of reaction, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, centrifugal separation is carried out, and 0.1g of centrifugate is dispersed in 20mL cyclohexane to obtain a colloidal solution of nanoparticles.
(2) Dispersing the up-conversion luminescence nano particles in a mixed organic solvent:
adding the upconversion luminescent nanoparticle colloidal solution obtained in the step (1) into a beaker A, and adding 20mL of acetone under stirring at the rotating speed of 520 rpm.
(3) Preparing an oxidizing solution:
40mg of potassium permanganate and 500mg of sodium periodate are added into the beaker B, and 20mL of deionized water is added and stirred until the solid is completely dissolved.
(4) Obtaining an aqueous solution of upconversion luminescent nanoparticles:
and slowly dropwise adding the solution in the beaker B into the beaker A, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, washing twice with deionized water, and dispersing the centrifugate in 10mL of deionized water to obtain the aqueous solution of the up-conversion luminescent nano particles.
Example 2:
(1) preparation of up-conversion luminescent material:
0.12mmol GdCl3, 0.027mmol YbCl3, 0.003mmol ErCl3, 8mL ODE and 8mL OA are added into a three-neck flask, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under the stirring state, after 40min of reaction, 0.7mmol sodium fluoride is added after the temperature is lowered to room temperature, the temperature is raised to 310 ℃ after 20min of stirring under the room temperature state, after 30min of reaction, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, centrifugal separation is carried out, and 0.1g of centrifugate is dispersed in 40mL cyclohexane to obtain a colloidal solution of nanoparticles.
(2) Dispersing the up-conversion luminescence nano particles in a mixed organic solvent:
adding the colloidal solution of the up-conversion luminescent nano particles obtained in the step (1) into a beaker A, and adding 40mL of acetone under a stirring state at the rotating speed of 520 rpm.
(3) Preparing an oxidizing solution:
and adding 60mg of potassium permanganate and 750mg of sodium periodate into the beaker B, adding 40mL of deionized water, and stirring until the solid is completely dissolved.
Step (4) is the same as step (4) in example 1.
Example 3:
(1) preparation of up-conversion luminescent material:
adding 0.16mmol GdCl3, 0.036mmol YbCl3, 0.004mmol ErCl3, 8mL ODE and 8mL OA into a three-neck flask, heating to 160 ℃ under the stirring state, reacting for 40min, cooling to room temperature, adding 1.0mmol sodium fluoride, stirring for 20min at room temperature, heating to 310 ℃, reacting for 30min, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, and dispersing 0.1g of a centrifugate in 40mL cyclohexane to obtain a colloidal solution of nanoparticles.
(2) Dispersing the up-conversion luminescence nano particles in a mixed organic solvent:
adding the upconversion luminescent nanoparticle colloidal solution obtained in the step (1) into a beaker A, and adding 40mL of acetone under the stirring condition at the rotating speed of 520 rpm.
(3) Preparing an oxidizing solution:
80mg of potassium permanganate and 1000mg of sodium periodate are added into the beaker B, and 40mL of deionized water is added and stirred until the solid is completely dissolved.
Step (4) is the same as step (4) in example 1.
Claims (9)
1. A hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding rare earth chloride, Octadecene (ODE) and Oleic Acid (OA) into a three-neck flask, heating to 160 ℃ under a stirring state, reacting for 40min, cooling to room temperature, adding sodium fluoride, stirring for 20min under the room temperature, heating to 310 ℃, reacting for 30min, cooling to room temperature, performing centrifugal separation, and dispersing a centrifugal substance into cyclohexane to obtain a colloidal solution of nanoparticles;
(2) adding the up-conversion luminescent nanoparticle colloidal solution obtained in the step (1) into a beaker A, and adding acetone under a stirring state;
(3) adding potassium permanganate and sodium periodate into the beaker B, adding deionized water, and stirring until the solid is completely dissolved;
(4) and dropwise adding the solution in the beaker B into the beaker A, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, washing twice with deionized water, dispersing the centrifugate in 10mL of deionized water to obtain the aqueous solution of the up-conversion luminescent nano particles, and then carrying out biological application on the basis.
2. The hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the volume ratio of acetone to cyclohexane is: 1:1.
3. The method for hydrophilic modification of oleic acid capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticle based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the rotation speed under stirring is set as follows: 520 rpm.
4. The hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the mass ratio of the amounts of potassium permanganate and sodium periodate is: 1:12.5.
5. The hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid capped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (4) is performed by adding the solution in beaker B into beaker a in a slow dropwise manner.
6. The method for hydrophilic modification of oleic acid capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), further, in step (4), after the solution in beaker B is added into beaker A, the stirring reaction time is 24 h.
7. The method for hydrophilic modification of oleic acid capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), after the solution in beaker B is added into beaker A, the reaction environment temperature is stirred at 23 ℃.
8. The hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), after the solution in beaker B is added into beaker A, the stirring speed is set to 520 rpm.
9. The hydrophilic modification method of oleic acid-capped up-conversion luminescent nanoparticles based on ligand oxidation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rotation speed of the centrifuge is set as follows: 4000 rpm.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121543A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-02-13 | 复旦大学 | Process for preparing water-soluble rare earth nano material |
| US20140056817A1 (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2014-02-27 | Sbi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Photodynamic therapy or diagnostic agent, using infrared-spectrum light |
| CN105778917A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 深圳大学 | Core-shell nanometer luminous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106281327A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 东南大学 | One class hydrophilic up-conversion and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743013A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-02-04 | 上海大学 | Up-conversion nano composite material for dual-power cooperative treatment, preparation method and application |
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- 2022-04-14 CN CN202210386846.8A patent/CN114790391A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121543A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-02-13 | 复旦大学 | Process for preparing water-soluble rare earth nano material |
| US20140056817A1 (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2014-02-27 | Sbi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Photodynamic therapy or diagnostic agent, using infrared-spectrum light |
| CN105778917A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 深圳大学 | Core-shell nanometer luminous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106281327A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 东南大学 | One class hydrophilic up-conversion and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743013A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-02-04 | 上海大学 | Up-conversion nano composite material for dual-power cooperative treatment, preparation method and application |
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| Title |
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| RAFIK NACCACHE，ETC: "Controlled Synthesis and Water Dispersibility of Hexagonal Phase NaGdF4 :Ho3+/Yb3+ Nanoparticles", 《CHEM. MATER. 》 * |
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