CN114790386A - High-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, cross-linked gel and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, cross-linked gel and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114790386A CN114790386A CN202110096216.2A CN202110096216A CN114790386A CN 114790386 A CN114790386 A CN 114790386A CN 202110096216 A CN202110096216 A CN 202110096216A CN 114790386 A CN114790386 A CN 114790386A
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- Prior art keywords
- calcium chloride
- fracturing fluid
- temperature
- fluid
- cross
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 N-dimethylacrylamide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([S-])(=O)=O PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZGMMMTSCLMMPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O ZGMMMTSCLMMPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- FYZVSFBDVZXVIY-QHTZZOMLSA-J N[C@@H](CCC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Zr+4].N[C@@H](CCC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] Chemical compound N[C@@H](CCC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Zr+4].N[C@@H](CCC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] FYZVSFBDVZXVIY-QHTZZOMLSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N -2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)=O RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UWTATZPHSA-N D-glyceric acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UYMWEKUGONMLAO-FSCNPAMSSA-N (2r,3s,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O UYMWEKUGONMLAO-FSCNPAMSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WMFHUUKYIUOHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-phenoxyphenyl)methanamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 WMFHUUKYIUOHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYPJRFIBDHNQLY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-hydroxypropanoate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O LYPJRFIBDHNQLY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol-phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OCC(O)CO XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KSCHLNBLIAOANF-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl-hexadecyl-dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC KSCHLNBLIAOANF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OVHHHVAVHBHXAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C=C OVHHHVAVHBHXAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KSVSZLXDULFGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-aminobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KSVSZLXDULFGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZUDNZQQCWGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])=O)C=C1 KFZUDNZQQCWGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 52
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229940052299 calcium chloride dihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium superoxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][O-] XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000380 Nyssa aquatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDXDHLDNCJPIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Zr] Chemical compound [Zr].[Zr] SDXDHLDNCJPIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- ATZQZZAXOPPAAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium formate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-]C=O ATZQZZAXOPPAAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940078916 carbamide peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPLAAMFEOPALSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;zirconium Chemical group [Zr].OCCO WPLAAMFEOPALSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSXHSNHNTORCAW-GGLLEASOSA-M sodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r,6s)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].O[C@H]1O[C@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O MSXHSNHNTORCAW-GGLLEASOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
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- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/685—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, cross-linked gel and application thereof, wherein the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid comprises calcium chloride brine, a thickening agent, a cosolvent and a temperature stabilizer; for each 100mL of calcium chloride brine, the dosages of the thickening agent, the cosolvent and the temperature stabilizer are 0.5-1g, 0.05-1mL and 0.2-2mL respectively. The invention also provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinking gel which is prepared by crosslinking the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid and a crosslinking agent; the dosage of the cross-linking agent is 0.5-2mL for every 100mL of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid. The high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid and the cross-linked gel can provide powerful technical support for the transformation of high-temperature, deep-well and high-stress reservoir stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, crosslinked gel and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of yield-increasing additives in the field of oil exploitation.
Background
In the exploration and development process of petroleum and natural gas, the hydraulic fracturing technology is an important means in the exploration and development process of deep, high-temperature and low-permeability reservoirs. In the fracturing construction process, for some compact reservoirs with high fracture pressure gradient and strong rock plasticity, the phenomenon that the reservoirs are not opened under the pressure limiting and the internal pressure at the well mouth occurs for many times, even if the reservoirs can be opened reluctantly, the reservoirs are difficult to form enough discharge capacity due to high closing pressure and narrow cracks, and the risk of sand removal is aggravated. In addition, for deep well fracturing construction, the phenomenon of non-fracturing can be aggravated due to friction caused by high-viscosity fracturing fluid jelly, and the success rate of fracturing construction is reduced.
For this reason, one solves this problem from three aspects. The power of a fracturing truck pump set is improved, and auxiliary equipment such as a wellhead resistant to higher pressure is correspondingly required to be used, but the power is limited by the technical level and the hardware cost. Secondly, the friction resistance of the liquid is reduced, the delayed crosslinking fracturing fluid is used, the formation time of gel of the high-viscosity fracturing fluid is delayed, and the construction friction resistance caused by high viscosity is reduced, so that the total friction resistance of the fracturing fluid can be reduced to 35-50% of that of clear water. And thirdly, the high-density fracturing fluid is used, the pressure of a hydrostatic column in the tubular column is improved, and the effective power of a ground pump set is relatively increased. The use of high density fracturing fluids has several technical and economic advantages: (1) under the condition of the existing high-pressure equipment, the construction pressure of a wellhead can be further reduced, and the construction safety is guaranteed; (2) increasing the fluid column pressure, fracturing fluid weighting is the most direct and effective method; (3) the hypersalinity of the heavy fracturing fluid is beneficial to inhibiting clay swelling in the reservoir. Therefore, the research and development of the heavy fracturing fluid system have important effects and significance for reducing the fracturing construction pressure and ensuring the success of the fracturing construction.
The weighted fracturing fluid technology has been successfully applied to the exploration and development of oil and gas fields for many years, and has achieved obvious production effects. The existing weighting fracturing fluid systems can be divided into three types according to the types of weighting agents:
the first type is a weighted fracturing fluid system using inorganic salt weighting agents, which are primarily potassium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, sodium nitrate and mixtures thereof. These inorganic salts as weighting materials have the following problems: sodium chloride and potassium chloride are used for improving the water density, but the efficiency of the sodium chloride and the potassium chloride is low, and the highest density is 1.15g/cm 3 (ii) a The sodium bromide brine is used for preparing the weighting fracturing fluid, the weighting efficiency is high, and the highest density is 1.5g/cm 3 Higher densities can be achieved with zinc bromide, but the significant disadvantage is that it is expensive; sodium nitrate is used as weighting agent, the weighting efficiency and the use cost are moderate, and the density is usually 1.3g/cm 3 (ii) a Although sodium nitrate aggravates the fracturing fluid technology for some applications, sometimes there are problematic corrosion problems associated with the use of acidizing techniques; in the flowback process, due to dilution of formation water, the formation water containing nitrate has serious corrosion danger to a metal pipe column at high temperature; in addition, sodium nitrate is suspected to be an explosive raw material and is restricted in use in some areas.
The second type is a weighted fracturing fluid system using organic salt weighting agents including potassium formate, sodium formate, cesium formate and sodium citrate, or a mixture of organic and inorganic salts. However, the use of formate as a weighting agent has problems of difficulty in liquid preparation, high use cost, and the like.
The third type is a weighted fracturing fluid system using solid particles as weighting agents, the solid particles comprising nano barium sulfate and the like. However, the heavy fracturing fluid is expensive in cost, and the heavy raw materials are rare in source and difficult to widely use.
At present, people often use salt with high solubility to improve the density of brine, so that the pressure of a hydrostatic column at the bottom of a well is correspondingly increased, and the requirement of a fracturing engineering technology is met. For example, brine densities of 1.1kg/L, 1.3kg/L, 1.6kg/L, and even higher densities are desired. The salt selected to weigh the brine has the following basic requirements: rich source, low price, high solubility and low freezing point, conforms to the national environmental protection regulations and is compatible with the existing polymer using technology. Because of abundant sources and low price, sodium chloride and potassium chloride are commonly used for preparing brine with the density of 1.1-1.2kg/L, but are influenced by the solubility, and other salts are needed for the brine with higher density; the density of the sodium bromide brine can reach 1.49kg/L at normal temperature, but the price of the sodium bromide is too high, and the use cost is high; the density of the sodium nitrate saline water can reach 1.35kg/L at normal temperature, but the sodium nitrate saline water has too high corrosivity on the metal of the oil-gas well pipe column under the neutral and acidic high-temperature conditions, and the integrity of the pipe column is seriously threatened in the using process; in addition, sodium nitrate is a nitrate source compound and its use is controlled in some regions. Formate is also commonly used in field development to increase the density of brine, particularly as a completion, kill, workover fluid, up to 1.5 kg/L. However, the formate brine is not suitable for preparing the fracturing fluid under the prior art, one reason is that the formate has strong reducibility, and the gel breaking difficulty of the polymer cross-linked gel is increased; another reason is that high concentrations of formate brine are also highly corrosive to metal columns under neutral and mildly acidic high temperature conditions.
It is customary to use monovalent ion salts to prepare a brine of some higher density which is then used to further formulate a weighted fracturing fluid. In the formulation of the heavy weight fracturing fluid, the key components are a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent.
When the fracturing fluid composition contains a sufficiently high concentration of divalent ion salts, conventional viscosifying and crosslinking techniques suffer from bottlenecks, difficulty in swelling the polymer viscosifier, and significant degradation or even failure of the crosslinking technique. These divalent ion salts come either from the source of the make-up water or from impurities brought about by the monovalent ion salts themselves used to aggravate the condition. In order to maintain the performance of the fracturing fluid, chelating agents are often used to eliminate the negative impact of these divalent ion salts on the performance of the fracturing fluid, but the presence of sufficiently high concentrations of divalent ion salts tends to significantly increase the cost of using the fracturing fluid, so that this approach is limited.
Thus, the use of water with high divalent ion salt content to formulate fracturing fluids is currently abandoned, and calcium chloride is rather used as a weighting agent to increase the density of water to formulate weighting fluids. However, calcium chloride is a salt with high solubility, wide in source and low in price, has been used for years in the operation processes of oil-gas well drilling, well completion and the like, but is rarely used as a component of fracturing fluid, and in addition, because the density of calcium chloride saturated brine at normal temperature can reach 1.39kg/L without crystallization, calcium chloride brine with the density of 1.35kg/L can be easily prepared by using calcium chloride.
Aiming at the existing polymer crosslinking technology, the preparation of fracturing fluid by using calcium chloride salt water and guar gum has the following problems: firstly, the polymer thickener is not salt-resistant and is difficult to swell in high-concentration divalent salt water; secondly, in order to ensure the temperature resistance, the consumption of the polymer thickening agent is increased, so that the viscosity of the base fluid is high and exceeds 100mPa & s, and the fluid preparation and pump injection are difficult; the polymer fracturing fluid is easy to instantaneously crosslink to form jelly, and the friction is large in the pumping process, so that the pump is not moved, and the effect of reducing the pressure of a wellhead is difficult to achieve; even if the cross-linking can be formed, the formed cross-linked jelly is not resistant to shearing at high temperature, and the engineering purpose is not achieved.
Therefore, a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, a cross-linking gel and application thereof are needed to be provided, and powerful technical support is provided for reconstruction of high-temperature, deep-well and high-stress reservoirs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the disadvantages and shortcomings, the invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
The invention also aims to provide the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid or the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linked gel in the fracturing construction of deep wells or reservoirs difficult to open wells.
In order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a high temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, wherein the high temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid comprises: calcium chloride brine, a thickening agent, a cosolvent and a temperature stabilizer;
for each 100mL of calcium chloride brine, the dosages of the thickening agent, the cosolvent and the temperature stabilizer are respectively 0.5-1g (mass volume ratio is 0.5-1%), 0.05-1mL (volume dosage is 0.05-1%) and 0.2-2mL (volume dosage is 0-2%).
As a specific embodiment of the fracturing fluid base fluid, the calcium chloride is present in a mass concentration of 15% to 50% based on 100% of the total weight of the high temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid described above, the calcium chloride includes anhydrous calcium chloride and/or calcium chloride hydrate.
As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned base fluid of the fracturing fluid of the present invention, the thickening agent includes an anionic acrylamide polymer. The anionic acrylamide polymer has high temperature resistance and high salt resistance.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid described above, the base fluid of the present invention comprises, based on 100% by weight of the total raw materials used for preparing the anionic acrylamide polymer, the following raw materials: 15-25 wt% of acrylamide monomer, 5-12 wt% of cationic monomer, 8-15 wt% of anionic monomer, 1-5 wt% of nonionic monomer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of initiator, 0.05-0.2 wt% of chain transfer agent and the balance of water.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the cationic monomer includes one or more of hexadecyldimethylethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, and benzyltrimethylammonium chloride.
As a specific embodiment of the fracturing fluid base fluid, the anionic monomer includes one or more of sodium 4-aminobenzenesulfonate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, sodium p-toluenesulfonate, sodium 4-styrenesulfonate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, and acrylamide.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the nonionic monomer includes one or more of N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylacrylamide, and N, N-diethylacrylamide.
As a specific embodiment of the fracturing fluid base fluid described above, the initiator includes one or more of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and hydrogen peroxide.
As a specific embodiment of the fracturing fluid base fluid described above, the chain transfer agent includes one or more of sodium formate, sodium acetate, mercaptan and isopropanol.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the anionic acrylamide polymer is polymerized by a method comprising the following steps:
1) adding an acrylamide monomer, a cationic monomer, an anionic monomer and a nonionic monomer into water, and adding a chain transfer agent;
2) adjusting the pH and temperature of the reaction system, and introducing protective gas; adding an initiator into the reaction system under the atmosphere of protective gas, and stopping introducing the protective gas after initiating the polymerization reaction;
3) controlling the peak temperature of the reaction system to be less than 100 ℃, and continuing to react for 4-6h after the reaction system reaches the highest temperature to obtain a polymerization product.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid described above, in step 2), the pH is 6 to 7, and the temperature is 40 to 60 ℃.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, in the step 2), the protective gas is introduced for 15min, then the initiator is sequentially added into the reaction system every 5min, and the protective gas is stopped after the polymerization reaction is initiated; the amount of initiator added at each time was 10% of its total amount.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the preparation method of the anionic acrylamide polymer further comprises:
4) the resultant polymer gel was granulated by adding a dispersing agent, and then dried, pulverized and sieved.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, and particles with 80-120 meshes are crushed and screened and reserved.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid described above, the dispersing substance includes octadecanol.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid described above, the acrylamide monomer is prepared by the following microbiological methods:
adding acrylonitrile into fermentation liquor with enough bacteria quantity to metabolize acrylonitrile universal for bacteria to generate acrylamide, and refining the generated acrylamide aqueous solution through membrane filtration and an ion exchange column to obtain the acrylamide monomer.
In the anionic acrylamide polymer, the acrylamide monomer has the function of providing a C-C rigid main chain and an amido crosslinking group which can improve the shearing resistance and the temperature resistance of a high polymer, and can also improve the drag reduction rate; the cationic monomer has the functions of providing stronger solubility, structural viscosity and elasticity and enhancing structural stability; the function of the anionic monomer is to provide salt tolerance and thermal stability; the function of the nonionic monomer is to improve the temperature resistance and salt tolerance of the anionic acrylamide polymer by utilizing the steric hindrance effect of the nonionic monomer.
The polymer mainly comprises a C-C rigid main chain for improving the shearing resistance and the temperature resistance of a macromolecule, a sulfonic group for improving the salt resistance, a hydrophobic group for enhancing hydrophobicity, a hydrolysis-resistant group for enhancing the stability of the macromolecule and a strong coordination group for enhancing instant crosslinking.
In an embodiment of the base fluid for fracturing fluid of the present invention, the viscosity average molecular weight of the anionic acrylamide polymer is 400-800 ten thousand.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the cosolvent is an acidic substance that can adjust the pH of the system to 4-6 and fully swell the thickener, and the cosolvent includes one or a combination of several of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid and citric acid.
Wherein, the formic acid, the acetic acid, the propionic acid, the hydrochloric acid and the sulfuric acid can be directly used or used after being prepared into aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20-50%, and the sulfamic acid and the citric acid can be respectively prepared into aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5-25% for use. The mass fraction is calculated based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.
For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cosolvent may be a 20% acetic acid aqueous solution, and the pH of the calcium chloride brine with a density of 1.35g/mL may be adjusted to be in the range of 4.8 to 5.3 by using the 20% acetic acid aqueous solution as the cosolvent, and the thickener with a mass-to-volume ratio of 0.5% may be dissolved to be more than 90% within 20 minutes.
As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned base fluid for fracturing fluid of the present invention, the temperature stabilizer can impart stable high-temperature shear performance to the calcium chloride weighted fracturing fluid system under high temperature conditions, and the temperature stabilizer includes one or more of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite; and/or one or more of sorbitol, sodium gluconate, glycerol, ethylene glycol, glyceric acid, triethanolamine and glycerol phosphate.
As a specific embodiment of the base fluid of the fracturing fluid, the temperature stabilizer may be prepared into an aqueous solution, wherein in the aqueous solution, the mass concentration of one or more of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite is 5-25%, and the mass concentration of one or more of sorbitol, sodium gluconate, glycerol, ethylene glycol, glyceric acid, triethanolamine and glycerophosphate is 5-10%. The mass concentration is calculated based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.
When the fracturing fluid is used, other additives can be contained in the formula to realize other functions of the fracturing fluid, such as surfactants, and the surfactants can endow the fracturing fluid with functions of drainage assistance, emulsion breaking and the like; for example, a gel breaker, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and their wrappings commonly used in the industry, and one or more of sodium peroxide, potassium peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide and carbamide peroxide can be used; such as various types and specifications of proppants.
The high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride aggravated guar gum fracturing fluid system provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost and high aggravating efficiency; by improving the density of the fracturing fluid, the pressure of a hydrostatic column in a fracturing pipe column is improved, the effective power of a ground pump set is relatively increased, and a high-fracture-pressure reservoir is effectively pressed.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding a part of calcium chloride into water to prepare calcium chloride saline water with the mass fraction of 1-6%;
and 2, step: and (2) adding a thickening agent and a cosolvent into the calcium chloride salt water prepared in the step (1), stirring until the calcium chloride salt water is completely dissolved, adding the rest calcium chloride, stirring until the calcium chloride salt water is completely dissolved, and adding a temperature stabilizer to prepare the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinking gel which is prepared by crosslinking the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid and a crosslinking agent;
the dosage of the cross-linking agent is 0.5-2mL (volume dosage is 0.5-2%) for every 100mL of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
In a specific embodiment of the cross-linked jelly of the present invention, the cross-linking agent is a zirconium complex cross-linking agent. The zirconium complex cross-linking agent is a temperature control cross-linking agent.
As a specific embodiment of the cross-linked jelly glue of the present invention, the zirconium complex cross-linking agent includes one or a combination of several of zirconium glutamate, zirconium lactate, zirconium gluconate, zirconium tartrate, and zirconium tartrate glutamate.
As a specific embodiment of the cross-linked jelly of the present invention, the cross-linked jelly may be prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
adding one or two of zirconium oxychloride or zirconium chloride and corresponding ligand into a certain amount of solvent according to the proportion in table 1 to obtain a mixed solution, and heating at 60 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain the corresponding cross-linking agent.
In a specific embodiment of the cross-linked jelly of the present invention, the mass fraction of zirconium chloride or zirconium oxychloride is 8 to 12% based on 100% by weight of the total weight of the mixed solution.
As a specific embodiment of the cross-linked jelly of the present invention, the solvent includes one or a combination of ethylene glycol, glycerol, and triethanolamine.
TABLE 1
| Crosslinking agent | Ligands | Molar ratio of ligand to zirconium |
| Zirconium gluconate | Sodium gluconate | 2:1 |
| Zirconium glutamate | Glutamic acid | 2:1 |
| Zirconium lactate | Lactic acid | 4:1 |
| Zirconium tartrate | Tartaric acid | 2:1 |
| Glutamic acid tartaric acid zirconium salt | Glutamic acid/tartaric acid | 3:1:1 |
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid in the fracturing construction of a deep well or a reservoir stratum which is difficult to open a well.
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinked gel in the fracturing construction of a deep well or a reservoir stratum which is difficult to open a well.
When the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid and the cross-linked gel thereof are applied to the fracturing process of a deep well or a reservoir stratum which is difficult to open, other functional additives such as a cleanup additive, a demulsifier, a diversion agent, a filtrate reducer, a corrosion inhibitor, a gel breaker, a propping agent and the like can be selectively added into the fracturing fluid base fluid and the cross-linked gel thereof according to the requirements of engineering or the reservoir stratum, and the additives are selected and used to ensure that the performance of the formula of the invention is not influenced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted fracturing fluid system provided by the invention adopts calcium chloride to increase the density of a base fluid in the fracturing fluid, and the highest weighted density can reach 1.45g/cm 3 From 0.5% to 1%In the use concentration range of the polymer thickening agent, a high-temperature resistant weighted fracturing fluid system can be formed by using additives such as a cross-linking agent, a temperature stabilizer and the like, the requirements of most (ultra) deep wells, (ultra) high-temperature wells and (abnormal) high-pressure deep wells on reservoir stratum reconstruction are met, the liquid column pressure in a shaft can be effectively improved, and the construction pressure of a wellhead is reduced; the calcium chloride weighting agent has high weighting efficiency, low cost and wide source of goods, does not have serious corrosion danger when being used together with an acidification process, has excellent temperature resistance, and can resist the temperature of a high-temperature calcium chloride weighted fracturing liquid system up to 220 ℃; the fracturing fluid system also has the temperature control crosslinking characteristic, specifically low-temperature weak crosslinking, the crosslinking strength is increased at the temperature of more than 70 ℃, and the friction resistance of the fluid in the pumping process can be reduced during application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a rheological graph of a high temperature calcium chloride-resistant weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinked gel provided in example 2 of the present invention at 170 ℃.
FIG. 2 is a rheological graph of the high temperature calcium chloride-resistant weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinked gel provided in example 3 of the present invention at 180 ℃.
FIG. 3 is a rheological graph of the high temperature calcium chloride-resistant weighted polymer fracturing fluid crosslinked gel provided in example 4 of the present invention at 220 ℃.
FIG. 4 is a rheological graph of crosslinked gel of calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid at 170 ℃ in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be made with reference to the following specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This example provides an anionic acrylamide polymer, based on 100% total weight of starting materials used to prepare the anionic acrylamide polymer: the raw materials comprise: 19% of acrylamide monomer, 8% of cationic monomer dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 9% of anionic monomer sodium p-toluenesulfinate, 4% of nonionic monomer N-tri (hydroxymethyl) methyl-acrylamide, 0.03% of initiator sodium persulfate, 0.08% of chain transfer agent sodium acetate and the balance of water.
Wherein, the acrylamide monomer is prepared according to the following steps (the acrylamide is prepared by a microbiological method):
the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out three-stage amplification culture on special microbial bacteria, culturing the special microbial bacteria into fermentation liquor with sufficient bacteria number through a strain bottle, a seeding tank and a fermentation tank, then transferring the fermentation liquor into a hydration catalytic reaction kettle, and adding acrylonitrile to enable the bacteria to metabolize the acrylonitrile to generate acrylamide. The acrylamide aqueous solution produced later contains residual bacteria, residual acrylonitrile and other impurities, so membrane filtration and ion exchange columns are required for refining treatment, and the finally produced acrylamide aqueous solution is the main raw material for synthesizing the anionic acrylamide polymer.
The anionic acrylamide polymer is prepared by the following specific steps:
1) proportioning an acrylamide monomer, a cationic monomer, an anionic monomer and a nonionic monomer according to the proportion;
sequentially adding the proportioned monomers into quantitative deionized water for solution preparation, and adding a required amount of chain transfer agent;
2) adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6-7; adjusting the reaction temperature to 45 ℃, introducing nitrogen into the reaction system, adding 10 percent of the total amount of the initiator into the reaction system every 5min after 15min, and stopping the nitrogen after initiation;
3) controlling the peak temperature of the whole reaction system to be less than 100 ℃, and continuously reacting for 4 hours after the reaction of the reaction system reaches the highest temperature and discharging;
4) transferring the polymerized discharged material into a granulator, adding a dispersed substance octadecanol, and then transferring into a drying bed, a pulverizer and a sieving machine to form the final required product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel, which is prepared by the following steps:
adding 730g of water and 10g of calcium chloride dihydrate into a proper container, and uniformly stirring;
adding 1mL of glacial acetic acid and 7g of the anionic acrylamide polymer thickening agent prepared in the example 1 into a stirrer, and stirring and swelling for 20 min;
then 5mL of a temperature stabilizer is added, wherein the temperature stabilizer is an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and glycerol, the mass concentration of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is 20%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 5%;
and then 620g of calcium chloride dihydrate is added until the calcium chloride is completely dissolved, thus obtaining the high-temperature resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid. The density of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid at room temperature is 1.35g/cm 3 The crystallization temperature is lower than-15 ℃.
And adding 10mL of cross-linking agent into the base solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel. The cross-linking agent used was a mixture of zirconium glutamate and zirconium tartrate, wherein the molar ratio of zirconium glutamate to zirconium tartrate was 1: 1.
The cross-linked jelly was measured by a suitable volume and its viscosity curve under high temperature shear conditions was measured by a high temperature high pressure rheometer (conventional in the art) and the results are shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the viscosity curve was measured at 170 ℃ for 2h and 100s -1 Under the conditions, the viscosity of the crosslinked jelly provided in example 2 was 290 mPas.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel, which is prepared by the following steps:
730g of water and 10g of calcium chloride dihydrate are added into a proper container and stirred uniformly;
adding 1mL of glacial acetic acid and 7g of the anionic acrylamide polymer thickening agent prepared in the example 1 into a stirrer, and stirring and swelling for 20 min;
then 6mL of a temperature stabilizer is added, wherein the temperature stabilizer is an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and glycerol, the mass concentration of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is 20%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 5%;
and then 620g of calcium chloride dihydrate is added until the calcium chloride is completely dissolved, thus obtaining the high-temperature resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid. The density of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid at room temperature is 1.35g/cm 3 The crystallization temperature is lower than-15 ℃.
And adding 10mL of cross-linking agent into the base solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel. The cross-linking agent used was a mixture of zirconium glutamate and zirconium tartrate, wherein the molar ratio of zirconium glutamate to zirconium tartrate was 1: 1.
The cross-linked gel was measured in a suitable volume and measured for viscosity curve under high temperature shear conditions using a high temperature high pressure rheometer (conventional in the art), the results are shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the viscosity curve was measured at 180 ℃ for 2h and 100s -1 Under the conditions, the viscosity of the crosslinked jelly provided in example 3 was 120 mPas.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel, which is prepared by the following steps:
adding 730g of water and 10g of calcium chloride dihydrate into a proper container, and uniformly stirring;
adding 1mL of glacial acetic acid and 8g of the anionic acrylamide polymer thickening agent prepared in the example 1 into a stirrer, and stirring and swelling for 20 min;
then adding 8mL of a temperature stabilizer which is an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and glycerol, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is 20%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 5%;
and adding 620g of calcium chloride dihydrate till the calcium chloride is completely dissolved to obtain the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid. The high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid is at room temperatureHas a density of 1.35g/cm 3 The crystallization temperature is lower than-15 ℃.
And adding 10mL of cross-linking agent into the base solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel. The cross-linking agent used was a mixture of zirconium glutamate and zirconium tartrate, wherein the molar ratio of zirconium glutamate to zirconium tartrate was 1: 1.
The cross-linked gel was measured by a suitable volume and the viscosity curve under high temperature shear conditions was measured by a high temperature high pressure rheometer (conventional in the art), the results are shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the viscosity curve was measured at 220 ℃ for 2h and 100s -1 Under the conditions, the viscosity of the crosslinked jelly provided in example 4 was 160 mPas. In addition, it can be seen from the comparison of example 1, example 2 and example 3 that the temperature resistance of the cross-linked jelly is enhanced with the increase of the dosage of the temperature stabilizer and the thickening agent.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linked gel, which is prepared by the following steps:
730g of water and 10g of calcium chloride dihydrate are added into a proper container and stirred uniformly;
adding 1mL of glacial acetic acid and 7g of the anionic acrylamide polymer thickening agent prepared in the example 1 into a stirrer, and stirring and swelling for 20 min;
then 5mL of a temperature stabilizer is added, wherein the temperature stabilizer is an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and glycerol, the mass concentration of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is 20%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 5%;
and adding 620g of calcium chloride dihydrate till the calcium chloride is completely dissolved to obtain the calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid. The density of the calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid at room temperature is 1.35g/cm 3 The crystallization temperature is lower than-15 ℃.
And adding 10mL of cross-linking agent into the base solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel. The cross-linking agent used in the comparative example is ethylene glycol zirconium which is an organic zirconium cross-linking agent commonly used in the field, the cross-linking agent is added into the base solution and then is rapidly cross-linked into jelly glue, the initial viscosity is greater than 1000mPa & s, and the tubular column friction resistance is high in the pumping process due to the excessively high initial viscosity, so that the pumping is difficult.
The cross-linked jelly was measured by a suitable volume and measured for viscosity under high temperature shear conditions using a high temperature high pressure rheometer (conventional in the art) as shown in FIG. 4. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the viscosity was measured at 170 ℃ for 2h and 100s -1 Under the conditions, the cross-linked jelly provided in comparative example 1 had a viscosity of less than 30 mPas and poor high temperature stability.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical inventions of the present invention, the technical features and the technical inventions, and the technical inventions can be freely combined and used.
Claims (22)
1. The high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride-weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid is characterized by comprising: calcium chloride brine, a thickening agent, a cosolvent and a temperature stabilizer;
for each 100mL of calcium chloride brine, the dosages of the thickening agent, the cosolvent and the temperature stabilizer are 0.5-1g, 0.05-1mL and 0.2-2mL respectively.
2. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 1, wherein the calcium chloride is present in a mass concentration of 15 to 50% based on 100% by weight of the high temperature resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
3. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein the calcium chloride comprises anhydrous calcium chloride and/or calcium chloride hydrate.
4. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscosifying agent comprises an anionic acrylamide-based polymer.
5. The base fracturing fluid of claim 4, wherein the composition of the anionic acrylamide polymer comprises, based on 100% by weight of the total starting materials used to prepare the anionic acrylamide polymer: 15-25 wt% of acrylamide monomer, 5-12 wt% of cationic monomer, 8-15 wt% of anionic monomer, 1-5 wt% of nonionic monomer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of initiator, 0.05-0.2 wt% of chain transfer agent and the balance of water.
6. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 5, wherein the cationic monomer comprises one or more of cetyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
7. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 5, wherein the anionic monomer comprises one or more of sodium 4-aminobenzenesulfonate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, sodium p-toluenesulfinate, sodium 4-styrenesulfonate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, and acrylamide.
8. The base fracturing fluid of claim 5, wherein the non-ionic monomer comprises one or more of N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylacrylamide, and N, N-diethylacrylamide.
9. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 5, wherein the initiator comprises one or more of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and hydrogen peroxide.
10. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 5, wherein the chain transfer agent comprises one or more of sodium formate, sodium acetate, mercaptan, and isopropanol.
11. The base fracturing fluid of any one of claims 5 to 10 wherein the anionic acrylamide polymer is polymerized by a process comprising:
1) adding an acrylamide monomer, a cationic monomer, an anionic monomer and a nonionic monomer into water, and adding a chain transfer agent;
2) adjusting the pH and temperature of the reaction system, and introducing protective gas; adding an initiator into the reaction system under the atmosphere of protective gas, and stopping introducing the protective gas after initiating the polymerization reaction;
3) controlling the peak temperature of the reaction system to be less than 100 ℃, and continuing to react for 4-6h after the reaction system reaches the highest temperature to obtain a polymerization product.
12. The base fracturing fluid of claim 11, wherein in step 2), the pH is 6-7 and the temperature is 40-60 ℃.
13. The base fluid of the fracturing fluid of claim 11, wherein in the step 2), the initiator is sequentially added into the reaction system every 5min after the protective gas is introduced for 15min, and the introduction of the protective gas is stopped after the polymerization reaction is initiated; the amount of initiator added at each time was 10% of its total amount.
14. The base fluid for fracturing fluid as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the anionic acrylamide polymer is 400-800 ten thousand.
15. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein the co-solvent comprises one or a combination of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid and citric acid.
16. The fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature stabilizer comprises one or more combinations of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite; and/or one or more of sorbitol, sodium gluconate, glycerol, ethylene glycol, glyceric acid, triethanolamine and glycerol phosphate.
17. A method of making the high temperature calcium chloride tolerant weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid of any one of claims 1-16, comprising the steps of:
step 1: adding a part of calcium chloride into water to prepare calcium chloride brine with the mass fraction of 1-6%;
step 2: and (2) adding a thickening agent and a cosolvent into the calcium chloride salt water prepared in the step (1), stirring until the calcium chloride salt water is completely dissolved, adding the rest calcium chloride, stirring until the calcium chloride salt water is completely dissolved, and adding a temperature stabilizer to prepare the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
18. A high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linking gel, which is prepared by cross-linking the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid of any one of claims 1 to 16 with a cross-linking agent;
the dosage of the cross-linking agent is 0.5-2mL for every 100mL of the high-temperature-resistant calcium chloride weighted polymer fracturing fluid base fluid.
19. A cross-linked jelly as claimed in claim 18, wherein the cross-linking agent is a zirconium complex cross-linking agent.
20. The cross-linked jelly of claim 19, wherein the zirconium complex cross-linking agent comprises one or more of zirconium glutamate, zirconium lactate, zirconium gluconate, zirconium tartrate and zirconium tartrate glutamate.
21. Use of the high temperature calcium chloride-tolerant heavy polymer fracturing fluid base fluid of any one of claims 1 to 16 in deep well or hard-to-drive well reservoir fracturing construction.
22. Use of the high temperature calcium chloride tolerant weighted polymer fracturing fluid cross-linked gel of any one of claims 18 to 20 in deep well or hard-to-kill open well reservoir fracturing construction.
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