CN114790309A - Polyolefin composite material, preparation method thereof, floating body and photovoltaic support - Google Patents
Polyolefin composite material, preparation method thereof, floating body and photovoltaic support Download PDFInfo
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- CN114790309A CN114790309A CN202210492287.9A CN202210492287A CN114790309A CN 114790309 A CN114790309 A CN 114790309A CN 202210492287 A CN202210492287 A CN 202210492287A CN 114790309 A CN114790309 A CN 114790309A
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- polyolefin
- polyolefin composite
- composite material
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- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- DWHHIPIOLSXJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-aminopropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)N DWHHIPIOLSXJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 6
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010051246 Photodermatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003000 extruded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000297 inotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008845 photoaging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a polyolefin composite material and a preparation method thereof, a floating body and a photovoltaic bracket, wherein the preparation material of the polyolefin composite material comprises 50-80 parts by weight of polyolefin matrix, 10-30 parts by weight of olefin copolymer, 8-20 parts by weight of modified coconut fiber and 0-4 parts by weight of auxiliary agent. According to the invention, the polyolefin matrix and the olefin copolymer are compounded to serve as the matrix material, so that the fluidity of the material is ensured, and the mechanical property of the material is improved by doping the modified coconut fibers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyolefin composite materials, in particular to a polyolefin composite material, a preparation method thereof, a floating body and a photovoltaic bracket.
Background
The polyolefin material is one of general plastics, and mainly comprises Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), POE, EVA, MMA and other high-grade olefin polymers. Polyethylene (PE) is further classified into High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). The floating body is widely applied in real life due to the characteristics of rich raw materials, low price, easy processing and forming, excellent comprehensive performance and the like, and the floating body is taken as a supporting structure to bear photovoltaic components, cables, combiner boxes and related equipment when being applied to a floating power station on the water surface.
The material base material adopted by the prior floating body is generally high-density polyethylene resin, but the problem is that the material adopted by the prior floating body is low in melt index and cannot meet the processing conditions of injection molding, rotational molding and the like; or the melt index is high, the mechanical properties (such as environmental stress cracking resistance, impact strength, tensile strength, rigidity and the like) are poor, and the processed product has the problems of easy cracking and the like if being used in outdoor environment for a long time, so that the failure is caused, and the service life requirement cannot be met.
The existing polyolefin material cannot give consideration to both the mechanical property and the material fluidity, and how to improve the mechanical property of the polyolefin material while ensuring the fluidity of the polyolefin material becomes a current hotspot problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a polyolefin composite material, a preparation method thereof, a floating body and a photovoltaic bracket, and aims to ensure the flowability of the polyolefin composite material and improve the mechanical property of the polyolefin composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the polyolefin composite material provided by the invention comprises a polyolefin matrix, an olefin copolymer, modified coconut fibers and an auxiliary agent;
wherein, calculated by weight parts, the polyolefin matrix is 50 to 80 parts, the olefin copolymer is 10 to 30 parts, the modified coconut fiber is 8 to 20 parts, and the auxiliary agent is 0 to 4 parts.
Optionally, the modified coconut fiber is treated with a modifying solution from coconut fiber, wherein the modifying solution comprises an organosilane coupling agent and an amphoteric surfactant.
Optionally, the coconut fibers are soaked in the modified solution for 2-4 h.
Optionally, the amphoteric surfactant comprises any one or more of dodecyl aminopropionate, dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, tetradecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, or dodecyl tertiary amine salt.
Optionally, the organosilane coupling agent comprises one or more of KH-550, KH-560, or KH-570.
Optionally, the organosilane coupling agent comprises one or more of KH-550 with a mass fraction of 2% -3%, KH-560 with a mass fraction of 2% -3%, or KH-570 with a mass fraction of 2% -3%, and the amphoteric surfactant comprises 5% -10% of dodecyl tertiary amine salt.
Optionally, the bath ratio of the modified coconut fiber to the modifying liquid is 4: 10.
Optionally, the coconut fibers are dried for 1 to 2 hours after being treated by the modification liquid, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃ to 140 ℃.
Optionally, the polyolefin matrix comprises one or more of high density polyethylene resin, linear low density polyethylene resin, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.
Optionally, the olefin copolymer comprises one or more of a butene-hexene copolymer, a hexene-octene copolymer.
Optionally, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, a shock absorber and a colorant.
The invention also discloses a floating body which is made of the polyolefin composite material.
The invention also discloses a photovoltaic bracket which is made of the polyolefin composite material.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the polyolefin composite material, which is used for preparing the polyolefin composite material and comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring the modified coconut fibers, the polyolefin matrix, the olefin copolymer and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixture; wherein the mixing temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the mixing speed is 100-300 r/min;
s2, extruding and granulating the mixture to obtain first granules; the melting temperature of the extrusion granulation is 160-220 ℃;
s3, softening the first granules, and then vulcanizing and pressing to obtain the polyolefin composite material.
The polyolefin matrix is used as the main matrix of the composite material, the olefin copolymer is used as the auxiliary matrix of the composite material, the mixture ratio of the polyolefin matrix and the olefin copolymer is adjusted, the polyolefin matrix and the olefin copolymer are compounded to synthesize the matrix material, the flowing property of the material is ensured, and meanwhile, the mechanical property of the composite material is improved by the incorporation of the modified coconut fibers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The polyolefin material is one of general-purpose plastics, and comprises Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), POE, EVA, MMA and other high-grade olefin polymers. Polyethylene (PE) is further classified into High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE).
The existing plastic products made of polyolefin materials are not processed by processing modes such as injection molding, rotational molding and the like, or the adopted polyolefin materials have low melt index and poor material flowability; or the adopted polyolefin material has high melt index, the fluidity of the polyolefin material meets the processing conditions of injection molding, rotational molding and the like, but the polyolefin material has low molecular weight and poor mechanical properties (such as environmental stress cracking resistance, impact strength, tensile strength, rigidity and the like), and the processed product has the problems of easy cracking and the like if being used in outdoor environment for a long time, thereby further causing failure or reducing the service life.
How to improve the mechanical property of polyolefin materials while ensuring the flowability of the polyolefin materials becomes a problem to be solved at present.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a polyolefin composite material which not only has proper fluidity and is suitable for being processed into products under the process conditions of blow molding, injection molding, rotational molding and the like, but also has better mechanical properties.
In one embodiment, the polyolefin composite is prepared from materials including a polyolefin matrix, an olefin copolymer, modified coconut fibers, and an auxiliary agent; wherein, the weight portion of the modified coconut fiber is 50 to 80 portions of polyolefin matrix, 10 to 30 portions of olefin copolymer, 8 to 20 portions of modified coconut fiber and 0 to 4 portions of auxiliary agent.
In the embodiment, the polyolefin matrix is used as the main matrix of the composite material, the olefin copolymer is used as the auxiliary matrix of the composite material, the mixture ratio of the polyolefin matrix and the olefin copolymer is adjusted, and the polyolefin matrix and the olefin copolymer are compounded to synthesize the matrix material, so that the flowing property of the material is ensured, and meanwhile, the mechanical property of the composite material is improved by the incorporation of the modified coconut fibers.
The polyolefin matrix is a generic name of thermoplastic resins obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing an α -olefin such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and the like, and some cyclic olefins alone, and abbreviated as PO. Specifically, the polyolefin matrix may include one or more of a high density polyethylene resin, a linear low density polyethylene resin, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride.
The olefin copolymer refers to a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing one or more olefin monomers. Specifically, the olefin copolymer may include one or more of a butene-hexene copolymer, a hexene-octene copolymer.
The melt index is also called melt flow index, and is a value representing the fluidity of a plastic material during processing. The plastic pellets are melted into plastic fluid, and then the plastic fluid is measured in grams (g) after flowing out through a circular tube with the diameter of 2.1mm within a certain time (10 minutes) and under a certain temperature and pressure (different standards of various materials). The larger the value, the better the processing fluidity of the plastic material, and the worse the processing fluidity of the plastic material.
In one embodiment, the polyolefin matrix may be selected to have a density range of about 0.945 to about 0.965 g/cm 3 A high density polyethylene resin having a melt flow rate interval of 0.2 to 2.5g/10min under the condition of a weight of 2.16 kg; the olefin copolymer may be selected from the range of 0.915 to 0.935g/cm in density 3 2.16kg weightButene-hexene copolymer having a melt flow rate interval of 2.5 to 8.5g/10min under the condition of code.
In one embodiment, one or more additives may be added to further improve other properties of the material, such as: antioxidants, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, impact resistant agents, colorants, lubricants, and the like.
The light stabilizer can shield or absorb energy of ultraviolet rays, quench singlet oxygen, decompose hydroperoxide into inactive substances and the like, so that the possibility of photochemical reaction can be eliminated or slowed down and the photo-aging process can be prevented or delayed under the radiation of light of the high molecular polymer, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the service life of the high molecular polymer product.
The impact resistant agent is a chemical for improving low-temperature embrittlement of high polymer materials and endowing the high polymer materials with higher toughness; the antioxidant applied to the plastic has the function of capturing active free radicals to interrupt chain reaction, and the aim is to delay the oxidation process and speed of the plastic.
In the processing technology of plastic materials, a colorant is used as a raw and auxiliary material to play roles in beautifying, decorating, facilitating identification, improving weather resistance, mechanical property, improving optical property and the like, and common colorants are titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide), zinc powder (zinc oxide), cadmium red, ferric oxide, carbon black, chrome yellow, zinc yellow, hansha yellow and the like.
In one embodiment, the modified coconut fiber is prepared by the following steps: and (3) soaking the coconut fibers in the modified liquid, filtering, drying and cooling to obtain the modified coconut fibers. The coconut fiber belongs to natural plant fiber, has the advantages of high strength, chemical corrosion resistance, environmental friendliness, no pollution and the like, is beneficial to sustainable development, is widely distributed in coastal areas and southeast Asia areas in south China, and has stable supply and low price.
Wherein, coconut fiber can be in market direct purchase, also can purchase the coconut shred by oneself, carries out the preliminary treatment to the coconut shred and makes, wherein, the preliminary treatment step is: soaking shredded coconut in organic solution, taking out, cleaning, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain coconut fiber; specifically, the coconut fibers are obtained by soaking the coconut fibers in an organic solution (such as acetone) for 1-2h (to sufficiently remove the sizing agent and the gum impurities on the surface of the coconut fibers).
In this embodiment, specifically, the modification solution includes an organosilane coupling agent and an amphoteric surfactant, and the coconut fibers can be firmly bonded to the aforementioned base material under the treatment of the organosilane coupling agent and the amphoteric surfactant; the organosilane coupling agent contains two groups, namely an inotropic group (specifically, an alkoxytropic group) and an organophilic group (specifically, an aminophilic group), which can be combined with hydroxyl in the coconut fiber and can also be combined with a long molecular chain in a polymer, and the amphoteric surfactant can improve the dispersibility and the fusion degree of the organosilane coupling agent in an absolute ethyl alcohol medium, thereby helping the coconut fiber and the coupling agent resin to fully react.
Specifically, the coconut fiber is soaked in the modification solution for 2-4 hours generally to achieve the purpose of complete modification, and after soaking, the coconut fiber is filtered and dried to remove water in the coconut fiber so as to avoid influencing the fusion degree of the coconut fiber with a matrix material and the performance of a composite material; in addition, the cellulose is easily influenced by temperature, if the drying temperature is not properly controlled in time, the structure of the coconut fiber can be changed or degraded, and through tests, the coconut fiber is placed in an oven to be dried for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 100-140 ℃, so that the aim of drying can be fulfilled, and the cellulose cannot be influenced.
In this embodiment, it is worth mentioning that the ionic surfactants commonly used in the general material modification are cationic surfactants and anionic surfactants; the cationic surfactant has good surface activity in an acid medium, while the anionic surfactant is generally more suitable for molding processing with low requirement on material fluidity; the coconut fiber is a mixture, is generally neutral, and may be weakly acidic due to the fact that a small amount of pectin is contained and other mineral impurities are contained, and the surface active group of the amphoteric surfactant contains functional groups with positive charges and negative charges, so that the amphoteric surfactant can play a good role in activity in different acid and alkali environments, can effectively reduce the surface tension of a solution, improves the reaction conversion rate of a coupling agent and the coconut fiber, and has a better modification effect and a wider application range. Specifically, the amphoteric surfactant can be one or more selected from dodecyl aminopropionate, dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, tetradecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, and dodecyl tertiary amine salt; the organosilane coupling agent can be selected from one or more of KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570.
In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the polyolefin composite material, which is used for preparing the polyolefin composite material and comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring the modified coconut fibers, the polyolefin matrix, the olefin copolymer and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixture; wherein the mixing temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the mixing rotation speed is 100-300 r/min;
s2, extruding and granulating the mixture to obtain first granules; the melting temperature of the extrusion granulation is 160-220 ℃;
s3, after the first granules are softened, vulcanizing and pressing to obtain the polyolefin composite material.
In step 2, specifically, the mixture may be granulated by a twin-screw extrusion granulator, which uses the self-adhesiveness (or additional binder) of the dispersion in the solid powder and liquid coexisting dispersion mainly comprising solid phase to make the basic particles of the solid powder adhere to each other and increase by a forced method (such as extrusion, gravity, centrifugal force, mechanical force, airflow impact force, etc.), and form a particle group with a certain shape and uniform and concentrated particle size.
In step 3, the first pellets may be specifically melted by passing them on a two-roll mill at a temperature of 155 ℃ to 165 ℃.
In addition, the invention also discloses a floating body which is made of the polyolefin composite material in any embodiment, the floating body can be applied to the fields of sea surface photovoltaic power stations, water floating pipelines or cable dredging silt pipelines, laying pipelines and the like, and the floating body is applied to photovoltaic power stations as an example, the floating body made of the material has high mechanical property and good environmental stress cracking resistance, can meet the requirements of various technical indexes of the existing photovoltaic floating body material, and can meet the requirement of 25-year service life of floating equipment in the photovoltaic power stations.
The following will describe in detail the specific process of one embodiment of the present invention, taking the polyethylene resin as the main base material and the butene-hexene copolymer as the auxiliary base material:
firstly, coconut fibers (density 1.0 g/cm) are taken 3 To 1.2g/cm 3 0.05mm to 0.1mm in diameter) which is modified to give modified coconut fibers as described above. Wherein the coconut fiber can be purchased directly in market or purchased coconut shred by oneself, and is prepared by pretreating, specifically, purchasing coconut shred with length of 5cm-20cm, soaking the purchased coconut shred in acetone solution for 1.5 h (removing impregnating compound and colloid impurities on the surface of the coconut shred), taking out, cleaning with water, baking in a 100 ℃ oven for 1.5 h for drying and dewatering, taking out, cutting into short sample, grinding, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain coconut fiber (density of 1.0-1.2 g/cm) 3 And the diameter is 0.05mm-0.1 mm).
The modification method comprises the following specific steps: taking 2% -3% by mass of an organosilane coupling agent KH-550 and 5% -10% by mass of dodecyl tertiary amine salt, placing the organosilane coupling agent KH-550 and the dodecyl tertiary amine salt in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, stirring for 5 minutes, adding coconut fibers according to a bath ratio of 4:10, soaking the coconut fibers in the solution for 3 hours, filtering, taking out, placing in an oven for drying at 100-140 ℃ for 1.5 hours, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the modified coconut fibers.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
Experimental group 1: the polyethylene and the butene-hexene copolymer are taken as raw materials, the mixture ratio of the polyethylene and the butene-hexene copolymer is adjusted, and the performance test is carried out on the synthesized material, and the measured data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 preferably identifies ranges for the melt flow rates for polyethylene and butene-hexene copolymers.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the melt index of the matrix material is related to the ratio of the polyethylene to the butene-hexene copolymer, and as the proportion of the butene-hexene copolymer increases, the melt index of the synthesized material increases, the tensile yield stress, the tensile breaking stress and the breaking strain rate decrease, that is, the mechanical properties decrease.
As can be seen from sample 1, when the butene-hexene copolymer accounts for 10%, the melt index is 1.6(2.16kg, (g/10min)), and when the sample is actually processed (blow molding, injection molding, rotational molding, etc.), the melt index of the material is at least 1.6(2.16kg, (g/10min)) or more in consideration of the factors such as equipment and material, and the material melt index is less than 1.6(2.16kg, (g/10min)) if the basic processing conditions are to be satisfied.
Comprehensively considering the material flowability requirement of floating body processing equipment: the polyethylene range is determined to be 60-80%, and the butene-hexene copolymer range is determined to be 10-30%.
Experimental group 2: modified coconut fiber is added into a certain base material (polyethylene: butene-hexene copolymer: 5), the ratio of the modified coconut fiber to the base material is changed, and the performance test is carried out on the synthesized material for comparison, and the measured data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance test data for materials synthesized by varying the ratio of modified coconut fiber to matrix material at a polyethylene to butene-hexene copolymer ratio of 5:5
Comparing the data of the materials prepared in samples 6-9 and sample 5, it can be found that the addition of the modified coconut fiber can indeed improve a certain mechanical property of the material, but the mechanical property is not obviously improved even as compared with that of samples 1-4 under the condition of the base material proportion, and when the addition proportion of the modified coconut fiber is 20%, the fracture strain rate is even reduced.
Experimental group 3: modified coconut fiber is added into a certain base material (polyethylene: butene-hexene copolymer: 7:3), the ratio of the modified coconut fiber to the base material is changed, and the performance test is carried out on the synthesized material for comparison, and the measured data are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Performance test data for materials synthesized by varying the ratio of modified coconut fiber to matrix material at a polyethylene to butene-hexene copolymer ratio of 7:3
Comparing the data of the materials made in samples 10-13 and sample 3, it can be found that, under this base material ratio, the melt index of the material is still in the range of easy processing, and the material fluidity of sample 10-12 is good, more importantly, the mechanical properties of sample 10-13 are significantly improved, especially sample 11-13, the tensile yield stress, tensile fracture stress and fracture strain rate are greatly improved compared with sample 3, it should be noted that, two to three units are greatly improved for the tensile yield stress and tensile fracture stress, and if the tensile yield stress and tensile fracture stress of a certain material are improved to more than 5MPa, the material properties will be changed, and the two different materials can be considered before and after the improvement.
Furthermore, it can be seen from sample 13 that when the modified coconut fiber is added at 20%, the fluidity of the synthesized material is significantly reduced.
Then, taking the modified coconut fibers, the polyethylene resin, the butene-hexene copolymer, the auxiliary agent and 10 groups of coconut fibers or modified coconut fibers according to the proportion, respectively adding the coconut fibers or modified coconut fibers into a high-speed mixing tank, heating and stirring the coconut fibers or modified coconut fibers, wherein the heating temperature is 60-90 ℃, the stirring speed is 100-300r/min, and mixing the coconut fibers or modified coconut fibers for 5-10min until the coconut fibers or modified coconut fibers are uniform. Granulating the uniformly mixed mixture in a double-screw extruder, wherein the double-screw extrusion temperature comprises four stages, the temperature interval of the first stage is 160-.
And (3) further preparing the extruded plastic particles into a composite material, weighing a certain amount of particles, melting the particles on a double-roller open mill at the temperature of 155-165 ℃, and vulcanizing and pressing the coconut fiber polyethylene composite material after the plastic particles are melted and softened.
And in experiment group 4, the composite material is prepared by granulating according to the steps, the composite material is melted on a double-roller open mill, then the melted composite material is pressed into a sample plate on a flat-plate vulcanizer by using a mold, the mechanical properties of the material are tested according to GB/T1040.2-2006, and the data obtained by the test are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Performance test data for products synthesized with different weight parts of raw materials and different weight parts of raw materials
Wherein, the auxiliary agents adopted in the above embodiments are specifically antioxidant 1010, light stabilizer UV770 and impact resistant agent Dow 8842; wherein, 0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5 part of light stabilizer and 1 part of anti-impact agent.
From table 4, it can be seen that:
the comparison of the data of example 1 and example 3 shows that the mechanical properties of the material are greatly improved after the coconut fibers are blended, and the melt index is reduced, but still in an easy processing range.
Examples 2, 3 and 8 the proportions of the polyethylene resin and the butene-hexene copolymer were varied by controlling the proportions of the coconut fibers and the auxiliaries.
In example 3, the polyethylene resin is 80 min, the butene-hexene copolymer is 8 parts, and the synthesized material has a fluid flow rate of only 1.2(2.16kg, g/10min), poor material flowability and difficult processing.
In example 3, the polyethylene resin is 70 minutes, the butene-hexene copolymer is 18 parts, compared with the reduction of the mixture ratio of the polyethylene resin and the butene-hexene copolymer in example 2, the flowability of the synthesized material is 2.5(2.16kg, g/10min), which is improved compared with example 3, and the mechanical properties of the materials prepared in example 2 and example 3 are not changed greatly.
In example 8, the polyethylene resin content was 50 minutes and the butene-hexene copolymer content was 38 parts, and the flowability of the synthesized material reached 5.6(2.16kg, g/10min), but it was found that the mechanical properties were greatly deteriorated.
Combining the test results of example 2, example 3 and example 8, it can be found that as the compounding ratio of the polyethylene resin and the butene-hexene copolymer is decreased, the flow property is increased and the mechanical property is attenuated. The compounding ratio of the polyethylene and the butene-hexene copolymer in the range between example 2 and example 8 is preferably selected in consideration of the flowability and mechanical properties of the material.
Comparing the data results of examples 4, 5, 6 and 7 with the data results of example 1, it can be seen that the mechanical properties of the composite material filled with the modified coconut fibers are greatly improved, and although the melt index is slightly reduced, the fluidity of the composite material is still good and is in an easy processing range.
Examples 9 and 10 are data obtained by performing experiments on unmodified coconut fibers in examples 5 and 6, respectively, and it can be found from table 2 that the composite material synthesized by filling the modified coconut fibers has a slightly changed melt index value, the flowability of the material is not negatively affected, and the improvement of the mechanical properties is very significant compared with the composite material synthesized by filling the unmodified coconut fibers.
Comparing the data results of examples 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7, it can be seen that the melt flow rate is slightly reduced after the modified coconut fiber is added, but the melt index is basically maintained at about 3.3(2.16kg, g/10min), the material fluidity is good, and the processing requirements of blow molding, injection molding, rotational molding and the like of the material can be fully satisfied, and more importantly, the mechanical properties (tensile yield stress, tensile fracture stress, fracture strain) of the material are obviously improved after the modified coconut fiber is added, and it can be seen that the mechanical properties of the polyethylene composite material are greatly enhanced by the incorporation of the modified coconut fiber.
In conjunction with tables 1-4, it can be seen that if the copolymer fraction is too high, the material fluidity will be higher, the average molecular weight of the binder will be lower, which may result in no significant improvement in the overall mechanical properties of the composite, and if the cellulose is added in excess, the adverse effect may be obtained. By combining the above examples, considering the kinds, proportions and the like of the reactants used in the polyolefin composite material, the synthesized material can achieve both the fluidity and the mechanical properties of the material when the range of the polyolefin matrix is 50 to 80 parts by weight, the range of the olefin copolymer is 10 to 30 parts by weight, the range of the modified coconut fiber is 8 to 20 parts by weight and the range of the auxiliary agent is 0 to 4 parts by weight.
In conclusion, the composite material prepared by adding the modified coconut fibers into the matrix materials (polyolefin matrix and olefin copolymer) has excellent mechanical property and flow property; support ability, the optimization structural design help to promote body equipment are huge, especially deal with the photovoltaic body that does not have the shore in the future, have very strong competitiveness.
The above are only alternative embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures made by the present disclosure or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields under the inventive concept are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The polyolefin composite material is characterized in that the preparation material comprises polyolefin matrix, olefin copolymer, modified coconut fiber and auxiliary agent;
wherein, the polyolefin matrix accounts for 50-80 parts, the olefin copolymer accounts for 10-30 parts, the modified coconut fiber accounts for 8-20 parts, and the auxiliary agent accounts for 0-4 parts.
2. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein said modified coconut fibers are treated with a modifying solution from coconut fibers, wherein said modifying solution comprises an organosilane coupling agent and an amphoteric surfactant.
3. The polyolefin composite of claim 2, wherein said coconut fibers are soaked in said modifying solution for a time of from 2 hours to 4 hours.
4. The polyolefin composite of claim 2, wherein said amphoteric surfactant comprises any one or more of dodecyl aminopropionate, dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, tetradecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, or tertiary dodecyl amine salt.
5. The polyolefin composite of claim 4, wherein said organosilane coupling agent comprises one or more of KH-550, KH-560, or KH-570.
6. The polyolefin composite of claim 3, wherein the organosilane coupling agent comprises one or more of KH-550 in a mass fraction of 2% to 3%, KH-560 in a mass fraction of 2% to 3%, or KH-570 in a mass fraction of 2% to 3%, and the amphoteric surfactant comprises tertiary dodecyl amine salt in a mass fraction of 5% to 10%.
7. The polyolefin composite of claim 6, wherein said modified coconut fiber and said modifying liquid are present in a bath ratio of 4: 10.
8. The polyolefin composite of claim 7, wherein said coconut fibers are dried for 1 to 2 hours after being treated with said modifying solution, wherein the drying temperature is from 100 ℃ to 140 ℃.
9. The polyolefin composite of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said polyolefin matrix comprises one or more of high density polyethylene resin, linear low density polyethylene resin, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.
10. The polyolefin composite according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the olefin copolymer comprises one or more of butene-hexene copolymer, hexene-octene copolymer.
11. The polyolefin composite of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said auxiliary agents comprise one or more of antioxidants, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, impact stabilizers, colorants.
12. A floating body, characterized in that it is made of a polyolefin composite material according to any of claims 1 to 11.
13. A photovoltaic support, characterized in that it is made of a polyolefin composite according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
14. A method for preparing a polyolefin composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring the modified coconut fibers, the polyolefin matrix, the olefin copolymer and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixture; wherein the mixing temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the mixing speed is 100-300 r/min;
s2, extruding and granulating the mixture to obtain first granules; the melting temperature of the extrusion granulation is 160-220 ℃;
s3, softening the first granules, and then vulcanizing and pressing to obtain the polyolefin composite material.
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