CN114779485B - Annular light beam generation system and device thereof - Google Patents
Annular light beam generation system and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114779485B CN114779485B CN202210331693.7A CN202210331693A CN114779485B CN 114779485 B CN114779485 B CN 114779485B CN 202210331693 A CN202210331693 A CN 202210331693A CN 114779485 B CN114779485 B CN 114779485B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0994—Fibers, light pipes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2746—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
Abstract
The invention discloses an annular light beam generating system and a device thereof, wherein the annular light beam generating system comprises a laser, an optical fiber circulator, a cladding optical fiber collimator, a first reflecting mirror and a heart ring energy ratio adjusting component; the laser is connected with a port I of the optical fiber circulator through a single-mode optical fiber, a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with a cladding optical fiber collimator through a cladding optical fiber, the first reflector is opposite to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly through the cladding optical fiber; the first reflector is used for reflecting the light beam emitted by the cladding optical fiber collimator back to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and the first reflector can adjust the reflection angle; the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the spatial energy ratio of the center of the light beam and the outer ring position. Through the two-stage adjustment, the dynamic adjustment of the energy of the annular light beam can be realized, the cost is low, and the generation mode is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of annular light beams, in particular to an annular light beam generating system and an annular light beam generating device.
Background
The annular light beam (hollow light beam) refers to a light beam with lower or zero central light intensity in the propagation direction of the light beam, the light beam is generally the light beam with the largest central light intensity and gradually weakens in the radial direction, a Gaussian model is used for describing most cases, the annular light beam has physical characteristics which are not possessed by the Gaussian light beam, such as small dark spot size and transmission invariance, and some hollow light beams also have spin and orbital angular momentum. Due to the characteristics of the hollow light beam, the hollow light beam has an application prospect in the fields of biomedicine, optical communication, optical sensing and the like. For example, the hollow light beam can be used for precisely and contactlessly controlling the microscopic particles including micro-nano particles, molecules, atoms and free electrons, and can also be used for carrying out the reverse operation on biological cells.
Common methods for generating annular light (hollow light beam) include a transverse mode selection technology of a laser, a conical prism, an optical holographic method and a calculation holographic method for realizing the hollow light beam. The method has the advantages of unadjustable beam energy, high cost and complex generation mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an annular light beam generating system and a device thereof, which have the advantages of adjustable light beam energy ratio, low cost and simple generating mode.
The invention discloses an annular light beam generating system, which comprises a laser, an optical fiber circulator, a cladding optical fiber collimator, a first reflecting mirror and a heart ring energy ratio adjusting component, wherein the first reflecting mirror is arranged on the laser; the laser is connected with a port I of the optical fiber circulator through a single-mode optical fiber, a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with a cladding optical fiber collimator through a cladding optical fiber, the first reflector is opposite to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly through the cladding optical fiber;
the first reflector is used for reflecting the light beam emitted by the cladding optical fiber collimator back to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and the first reflector can adjust the reflection angle; the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the spatial energy ratio of the center of the light beam and the outer ring position.
Optionally, the heart ring energy ratio adjustment assembly includes a cladding beam splitter, a single mode interference subassembly, and a coupler; the second port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the cladding beam splitter through a cladding optical fiber; the cladding beam splitter is connected with the single-mode interference subassembly through a single-mode optical fiber and is connected with the coupler through a cladding optical fiber; the single-mode interference subassembly is connected with the coupler through a single-mode fiber;
the cladding beam splitter divides the light beam into two light beams, and the single-mode interference subassembly is used for adjusting the phase difference between the two light beams; one light beam enters the single-mode interference subassembly through the single-mode optical fiber to carry out phase adjustment, and then enters the coupler; the other beam enters the coupler through the cladding optical fiber; the coupler couples the two beams of light.
Optionally, the single-mode interference subassembly comprises a single-mode circulator, a single-fiber collimator, and a second mirror; the first port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the cladding beam splitter through a single-mode fiber, the third port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the coupler through a single-mode fiber, the second port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the single-fiber collimator through a single-mode fiber, the second reflector is opposite to the single-fiber collimator, and the distance between the second reflector and the single-fiber collimator can be adjusted.
Optionally, the deflection angle of the reflecting mirror is θ, the core-to-package coupling ratio of the cladding optical fiber collimator is ρ, and the relationship between θ and ρ is:
where θc is the divergence angle of the fiber core beam and the mirror angle 2θ is less than the divergence angle of the cladding.
Optionally, the phase of the two light beams is changed to phi, the distance between the second reflecting mirror and the single-fiber collimator is L, and the relationship between phi and L is:
where λ is the light source center wavelength.
Optionally, the ring beam generating system further comprises a detector, and the coupler is connected to the detector through a cladding optical fiber.
Optionally, the cladding optical fiber collimator is a double-cladding collimator, the lens of the double-cladding collimator is a spherical lens, the curvature of the spherical lens is 1.86mm, and the outer diameter of the spherical lens is 1.8mm; the fiber core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter and the coating diameter of the double-cladding optical fiber of the double-cladding collimator are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, the channel isolation is 50dB, and the insertion loss of the fiber core channel is-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
Optionally, the coupler is a multi-cladding optical fiber coupler, the core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter and the coating diameter of the double-cladding optical fiber of the multi-cladding optical fiber coupler are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, the channel isolation is 50dB, and the insertion loss of the core channel is-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
Optionally, the fiber circulator is a cladding fiber circulator, and the fiber core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter and the coating layer diameter of the cladding fiber circulator are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, and the fiber core isolator degree is 50dB.
The invention also discloses an annular light beam generating device which comprises the annular light beam generating system.
According to the annular light beam generating system, the angle of the light beam reflected back to the cladding optical fiber collimator can be adjusted through the first reflecting mirror, the energy ratio of the light beam on the fiber core and the cladding in the cladding optical fiber is adjusted, the energy adjustment of the annular light beam is realized, and the primary adjustment is completed; and then, the energy ratio of the space between the center of the light beam and the outer ring position is adjusted by the heart ring energy ratio adjusting component, so that the secondary adjustment is completed. Through the two-stage adjustment, the dynamic adjustment of the energy of the annular light beam can be realized, the cost is low, and the generation mode is simple.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the figures in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, from which other figures can be obtained without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an annular beam generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of beam delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first mirror angle adjustment core coupling efficiency in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first mirror angle adjustment cladding coupling efficiency in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
1, a laser; 2. a cladding optical fiber circulator; 3. a cladding fiber collimator; 4. a first mirror; 5. a heart ring energy ratio adjustment assembly; 51. a cladding beam splitter; 52. a single mode interference subassembly; 521. a single-mode circulator; 522. a single fiber collimator; 523. a second mirror; 53. a coupler; 6. a detector; 7. a single mode optical fiber; 8. cladding optical fibers.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein, the specific structural and functional details disclosed are merely representative for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, but that the invention may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and alternative embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, as an embodiment of the present invention, an annular beam generating system is disclosed, comprising a laser 1, a fiber circulator 2, a cladding fiber collimator 3, a first mirror 4, and a heart ring energy ratio adjustment assembly 5; the laser 1 is connected with a first port of an optical fiber circulator through a single-mode optical fiber 7, a second port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with a cladding optical fiber collimator 3 through a cladding optical fiber 8, a first reflector 4 is opposite to the cladding optical fiber collimator 3, and a second port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with a heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly 5 through the cladding optical fiber 8. The first reflecting mirror 4 is used for reflecting the light beam emitted by the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 back to the cladding optical fiber collimator 3, and the reflecting angle of the first reflecting mirror 4 can be adjusted; the heart ring energy ratio adjustment assembly 5 is used to adjust the beam center and outer ring position space energy ratio.
According to the annular light beam generating system, the optical fiber circulator 2, the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 and the first reflecting mirror 4 are arranged, light beams enter from the first port of the optical fiber circulator 2, come out from the second port, pass through the cladding optical fiber collimator 3, then are reflected back to the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 by the first reflecting mirror 4, the reflecting angle of the first reflecting mirror 4 can be adjusted, and the reflecting angle of the light beams can be adjusted by the first reflecting mirror 4, so that the angle of the light beams reflected back to the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 can be adjusted, and the adjustment of the energy ratio of the light beams on the fiber core and the cladding in the cladding optical fiber 8 is realized. Then, the adjusted light beam enters the optical fiber circulator 2 from the second port of the optical fiber circulator, is transmitted to the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly 5 from the third port of the optical fiber circulator 2, and the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly 5 adjusts the space energy ratio between the center of the light beam and the outer ring position, so that the annular light beam is finally obtained.
The annular light beam generating system can adjust the angle of the reflected light beam back to the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 through the first reflecting mirror 4, adjust the energy ratio of the light beam on the fiber core and the cladding in the cladding optical fiber 8, realize the energy adjustment of the annular light beam and finish the primary adjustment; and then the energy ratio of the beam center and the outer ring position space is adjusted by the heart ring energy ratio adjusting component 5, so that the secondary adjustment is completed. Through the two-stage adjustment, the dynamic adjustment of the energy of the annular light beam can be realized, the cost is low, and the generation mode is simple.
In addition, the optical fiber circulator 2 is adopted to realize unidirectional light guide, so that the interference of an interference system is avoided. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first reflecting mirror 4 can adjust the reflecting angle in a left-right and pitching manner, so as to realize the adjustment of the energy ratio of the fiber core and the cladding.
Optionally, the heart ring energy ratio adjustment assembly 5 includes a cladding beam splitter 51, a single mode interference subassembly 52, and a coupler 53; the port two of the optical fiber circulator is connected with a cladding beam splitter 51 through a cladding optical fiber 8; the cladding beam splitter 51 is connected with the single-mode interference subassembly 52 through the single-mode optical fiber 7 and is connected with the coupler 53 through the cladding optical fiber 8; the single mode interference subassembly 52 is connected to the coupler 53 via the single mode optical fiber 7. The cladding beam splitter 51 splits the beam into two beams, and the single-mode interference subassembly 52 is used for adjusting the phase difference between the two beams; one light beam enters the single-mode interference subassembly 52 through the single-mode optical fiber 7 for phase adjustment and then enters the coupler 53; the other beam enters the coupler 53 through the cladding fiber 8; the coupler 53 couples the two light beams.
In this scheme, the cladding beam splitter 51 splits the light beam into two beams, one beam passes through the single-mode optical fiber 7 to strip the cladding light of the light beam, only the core light remains, the other beam is normally transmitted after the phase adjustment of the core light by the single-mode interference subassembly 52, the last two beams are coupled by the coupler 53, and after the phase adjustment of one beam by the single-mode interference subassembly 52, the adjustment of the spatial energy ratio between the center and the outer ring position of the light beam is realized after the two beams are combined.
Optionally, the single-mode interference subassembly 52 includes a single-mode circulator 521, a single-fiber collimator 522, and a second mirror 523; the first port of the single-mode circulator 521 is connected to the cladding beam splitter 51 through the single-mode fiber 7, the third port of the single-mode circulator 521 is connected to the coupler 53 through the single-mode fiber 7, the second port of the single-mode circulator 521 is connected to the single-fiber collimator 522 through the single-mode fiber 7, the second mirror 523 is opposite to the single-fiber collimator 522, and the second mirror 523 can adjust the distance between the second mirror 523 and the single-fiber collimator 522. In this scheme, by adjusting the distance between the second reflecting mirror 523 and the single fiber collimator 522, the phase difference between the interference arms is changed, so as to adjust the phase difference between the two beams, and realize the spatial energy ratio between the beam center and the outer ring position, thereby realizing the energy adjustment of the ring beam. The single-mode transmission and phase debugging system can further filter cladding light and ensure the output accuracy of the cladding light. The single mode circulator 521 achieves single direction light guiding and avoids interference of an interference system. And the connection between the cladding optical fiber 8 and the single-mode optical fiber 7 can strip the energy of the cladding optical fiber, and only the energy of the fiber core is transmitted.
Specifically, in a certain range, the distance between the second reflecting mirror and the single-fiber collimator is increased, the phase difference of two beams of light is increased, the energy of the beams of light is reduced, and the adjustment of the distance is periodic.
Optionally, the deflection angle of the reflecting mirror is θ, the core-to-package coupling ratio of the clad fiber collimator 3 is ρ, and the relationship between θ and ρ is:
where θc is the divergence angle of the fiber core beam and the mirror angle 2θ is less than the divergence angle of the cladding.
Optionally, the phase of the two beams varies to be Φ, the distance between the second mirror 523 and the single collimator 522 is L, and the relationship between Φ and L is:
where λ is the light source center wavelength.
Optionally, the ring beam generating system further comprises a detector 6, and the coupler 53 is connected to the detector 6 by a cladding optical fiber 8. The detector 6 can be a detector 6 with a C-band. Alternatively, the light source of the laser 1 may be a narrowband light source of 0.5-1 n bandwidth in the C-band.
Optionally, the cladding optical fiber collimator 3 is a double-cladding collimator, the lenses of the double-cladding collimator are spherical lenses (conventional lens, C-lens), the curvature of the spherical lenses is 1.86mm, and the outer diameter is 1.8mm; the fiber core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter and the coating layer diameter of the double-cladding optical fiber 8 of the double-cladding collimator are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, the channel isolation is 50dB, and the insertion loss of the fiber core channel is-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
Optionally, the coupler 53 is a multi-clad fiber 8 coupler 53, and the core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter, and the coating diameter of the double-clad fiber 8 of the multi-clad fiber 8 coupler 53 are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm, and 250mm, the channel isolation is 50dB, and the core channel insertion loss is-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
Optionally, the fiber circulator 2 is a cladding fiber circulator, and the core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, the outer cladding diameter and the coating layer diameter of the cladding fiber circulator are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, and the core isolator degree is 50dB. The cladding optical fiber circulator adopts core and cladding coupling of cladding alignment beam splitting, and applicable wave bands comprise C-band; here, SM-28e can be selected for the single mode fiber 7.
As shown in fig. 2, a laser beam emitted by a narrow-band light source of the laser 1 passes through a single-mode fiber 7 to a cladding fiber circulator, and then is transmitted to a cladding fiber collimator 3 to be combined with a reflecting mirror to complete the energy modulation of core and cladding light, the energy of the core and the cladding light is transmitted to a cladding beam splitter 51 to be split into two beams of light, one beam of light passes through a second reflecting mirror 523 to complete the adjustment of two paths of phase difference, and the stripping of the cladding light is synchronously realized; the transmission of the other beam of light core and the cladding light is unchanged, the two beams of light are combined through the coupler 53, and the coherence of the light of the fiber core is realized through the adjusted phase difference.
As another embodiment of the present invention, an annular light beam generating apparatus is disclosed, comprising an annular light beam generating system as described above.
The above description of the invention in connection with specific alternative embodiments is further detailed and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An annular light beam generating system is characterized by comprising a laser, an optical fiber circulator, a cladding optical fiber collimator, a first reflecting mirror and a heart ring energy ratio adjusting component; the heart ring energy ratio adjusting assembly comprises a cladding beam splitter, a single-mode interference subassembly and a coupler; the single-mode interference subassembly comprises a single-mode circulator, a single-fiber collimator and a second reflecting mirror;
the laser is connected with a port I of the optical fiber circulator through a single-mode optical fiber, a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the cladding optical fiber collimator through a cladding optical fiber, the first reflector is opposite to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and a port II of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the cladding beam splitter through a cladding optical fiber; the cladding beam splitter is connected with the coupler through a cladding optical fiber;
the first port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the cladding beam splitter through a single-mode fiber, the third port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the coupler through a single-mode fiber, the second port of the single-mode circulator is connected with the single-fiber collimator through a single-mode fiber, the second reflector is opposite to the single-fiber collimator, and the second reflector can adjust the distance between the second reflector and the single-fiber collimator;
the first reflector is used for reflecting the light beam emitted by the cladding optical fiber collimator back to the cladding optical fiber collimator, and the first reflector can adjust the reflecting angle; the heart ring energy ratio adjusting component is used for adjusting the spatial energy ratio of the beam center and the outer ring position;
the cladding beam splitter divides the light beam into two light beams, and the single-mode interference subassembly is used for adjusting the phase difference between the two light beams; one light beam enters the single-mode interference subassembly through a single-mode optical fiber to carry out phase adjustment, and then enters the coupler; another light beam enters the coupler through the cladding optical fiber; the coupler couples the two beams of light;
the phase difference between the interference arms is changed by adjusting the distance between the second reflecting mirror and the single-fiber collimator, so that the phase difference adjustment of two beams of light is realized, the spatial energy ratio between the center of the light beam and the outer ring position is realized, and the energy adjustment of the annular light beam is realized.
2. The ring beam generating system of claim 1 wherein the mirror deflection angle is θ and the core-to-package coupling ratio of the cladding fiber collimator is ρ, the relationship between θ and ρ being:
wherein θ c Is the divergence angle of the fiber core beam, and the mirror angle 2θ is smaller than the divergence angle of the cladding.
3. The ring beam generating system of claim 1 wherein the phase of the two beams varies by Φ, the distance between the second mirror and the single fiber collimator being L, the relationship between Φ and L being:
where λ is the light source center wavelength.
4. The annular beam generating system of claim 1 further comprising a detector, the coupler being connected to the detector by a cladding optical fiber.
5. The annular beam generating system of claim 1 wherein the clad fiber collimator is a double clad collimator, the lenses of the double clad collimator being spherical lenses having a curvature of 1.86mm and an outer diameter of 1.8mm; the diameter of the fiber core, the diameter of the inner cladding, the diameter of the outer cladding and the diameter of the coating layer of the double-cladding optical fiber of the double-cladding collimator are respectively 9mm, 105mm, 125mm and 250mm, the isolation of the channel is 50dB, and the insertion loss of the fiber core channel is-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
6. The annular beam generating system of claim 1 wherein the coupler is a multi-clad fiber coupler having a core diameter, an inner cladding diameter, an outer cladding diameter, and a cladding diameter of 9mm, 105mm, 125mm, and 250mm, respectively, a channel isolation of 50dB, and a core channel insertion loss of-3.3 to-2.9 dB.
7. The annular beam generating system of claim 1 wherein the fiber optic circulator is a cladding fiber optic circulator having a core diameter, an inner cladding diameter, an outer cladding diameter, a cladding diameter of 9mm, 105mm, 125mm, 250mm, and a core isolator of 50dB, respectively.
8. An annular light beam generating device comprising an annular light beam generating system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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