CN114776485A - Baffling cooling device and application - Google Patents

Baffling cooling device and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114776485A
CN114776485A CN202210371618.3A CN202210371618A CN114776485A CN 114776485 A CN114776485 A CN 114776485A CN 202210371618 A CN202210371618 A CN 202210371618A CN 114776485 A CN114776485 A CN 114776485A
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China
Prior art keywords
hollow
baffle plate
plate
cooling device
baffling
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN202210371618.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱惠人
徐志鹏
刘旭阳
李鑫磊
张丽
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Priority to CN202210371618.3A priority Critical patent/CN114776485A/en
Publication of CN114776485A publication Critical patent/CN114776485A/en
Priority to CN202211227213.9A priority patent/CN115898707A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/97—Rocket nozzles
    • F02K9/972—Fluid cooling arrangements for nozzles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a baffling cooling device and application thereof, belonging to the field of aero-engines; the gas-liquid separator comprises a hot side flat plate, a baffle plate, an outer side cover plate, a hollow flow disturbing column, a front baffle plate and a tail baffle plate, wherein a cold air channel is formed between the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the hot side flat plate is positioned on one side of a high-temperature gas channel; a plurality of hollow flow disturbing columns are arranged between the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate to form a middle channel containing the hollow flow disturbing columns; the front baffle plate is packaged at the front ends of the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the tail baffle plate is packaged at the tail ends of the hot side flat plate and the outer side cover plate to form a semi-closed space; the cooling gas gets into intermediate passage and forms the cooling air current, turns back in baffling tailboard department behind a plurality of cavity turbulent flow posts, forms reverse baffling and lets in the cold air passageway, passes through at last the cavity hole in the cavity turbulent flow post flows in high temperature gas passageway, forms the cooling air film of attached wall at the dull and stereotyped inner wall of hot side. The invention can make the temperature of the whole cooling structure uniform and reduce the internal thermal stress due to the baffling of the cold air.

Description

Baffling cooling device and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aircraft engines, and particularly relates to a baffling cooling device and application thereof.
Background
Military warplanes often gain additional thrust by afterburning beyond the maximum throttle opening of the engine during short take-off and fast maneuvers. Because the afterburner space is limited, the burnt gas acts on the spray pipe wall of the engine convergence section in an oblique impact mode, and the gas is easy to flow backwards. Research shows that the fuel gas temperature of the tail nozzle reaches more than 2000K at the moment. In addition, the pressure gradient from the inlet to the outlet of the engine spray pipe is large, the gas pressure of the expansion section is low, cooling gas generally flows out of the spray pipe heat shield at a high speed, if cold air flowing is not reasonably organized, effective thermal protection cannot be formed on the wall surface of the spray pipe, and the phenomenon of backflow of the convergence section is easily aggravated.
The impact double-wall air film cooling technology is one of advanced cooling modes of high-temperature components of modern engines, and can fully utilize the advantage of high impact heat exchange coefficient before air conditioner forms an air film to achieve the effect of locally strengthening heat exchange. The cooling performance of the novel impact/diffusion cooling laminate heat screen is compared in the existing literature, the feasibility of the novel impact/diffusion cooling laminate heat screen applied to an afterburner is demonstrated, the same working condition is contrastively analyzed with a corrugated plate heat screen and a single-layer flat plate heat screen, and the result shows that the impact/diffusion cooling laminate heat screen has a better cooling effect. The double-wall structure has a structure strengthening effect, and meanwhile, the gas film hole has a certain vibration-proof effect when flowing out, so that the service life and the reliability of the afterburner can be prolonged. Although the existing double-wall cooling structure can achieve a good heat exchange effect, the internal flow resistance of the double-wall is large, the influence of the change of the main secondary flow total pressure ratio is large, and outflow is difficult under the condition of a small pressure ratio. Meanwhile, between the upstream and the downstream of the spray pipe, due to the large pressure gradient, a larger transverse flow is easily formed in the impact cavity by using an impact air film double-wall structure, and the cooling efficiency of impact cooling is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
in order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a baffling cooling device with a hollow column, wherein an outer side cover plate and a baffle plate form a cold air channel, a hot side flat plate forms the inner wall surface of fuel gas of a high-temperature component, and a semi-closed space is formed by the hot side flat plate, a baffling tail plate, the outer side cover plate, a baffling front plate and the baffling tail plate to force cold air to be baffled and pass through a hollow hole; the cold enthalpy of the cold air is utilized, and the cold air flows out from the hollow hole after the internal cooling is finished, so that an outer air film cooling protective layer is formed. Because of the baffling of the cold air, the temperature of the whole cooling structure is uniform, and the internal thermal stress is reduced. Due to the large flow resistance of the structure, the structure is suitable for areas needing high cooling efficiency but needing reduced cold air suction, such as high-temperature nozzle expanding sections, turbine blade tail edges and the like. Through numerical verification, the structure has better cooling effect than the existing single-layer porous flat plate structure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a baffled cooling device, characterized by: the gas-liquid separator comprises a hot side flat plate, a baffle plate, an outer side cover plate, a hollow flow disturbing column, a front baffle plate and a tail baffle plate, wherein a cold air channel is formed between the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the hot side flat plate is positioned on one side of a high-temperature gas channel;
a plurality of hollow turbulence columns are arranged between the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate to form a middle channel containing the hollow turbulence columns; the front baffle plate is packaged at the front ends of the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the tail baffle plate is packaged at the tail ends of the hot side flat plate and the outer side cover plate to form a semi-closed space; the cooling gas gets into the intermediate passage and forms the cooling air current, turns back in baffling tailboard department behind a plurality of cavity turbulent flow columns, forms reverse baffling and lets in the cold air passageway, passes through at last the cavity hole in the cavity turbulent flow column flows in high temperature gas passageway, forms the cooling air film of attached wall at the dull and stereotyped inner wall of hot side.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the hollow flow disturbing columns are arranged in staggered mode.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the hollow turbulence column and the air flow direction of the middle channel form an inclination angle of 30-90 degrees.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the diameter D of the hollow holeiBetween 0.5 and 5 mm.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the span-wise hole distance P and the flow-wise hole distance S of the hollow holes are 3-10 times of the hollow hole diameter DiThe hollow holes are distributed in a regular rhombus shape in the flow direction.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the average height H of the channel formed by the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate is 1-10 times of the hollow aperture DiAnd (4) inside.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate form a hollow aperture D with the average height V of an outer cold air channel being 1-10 timesiAnd (4) inside.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the cross section of the hollow turbulence column is in a circular shape, an oval shape, a drop shape or a double-curve shape.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the cross section of the hollow hole of the hollow turbulence column is consistent with the shape of the radial cross section of the hollow turbulence column.
An engine nozzle, characterized by: the device comprises a baffling cooling device, wherein the baffling cooling device is arranged at an expansion section of an engine spray pipe and is connected to a single-layer corrugated plate of an afterburner through transition corrugations;
the baffle plate of the baffling cooling device and the outer side cover plate form a cold air channel, and the hot side flat plate forms the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; the front end of the cold air channel is of a closed structure, and the tail ends of the hot side flat plate and the outer side cover plate are of a closed structure; cooling gas from an afterburner culvert enters the baffling cooling device through the nozzle convergence section, is guided out through the baffling cooling device in a return mode, and forms a cooling gas film attached to the wall surface on the inner wall of the hot side flat plate.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a baffling cooling device with a hollow column, which fully utilizes the cold enthalpy of cold air and is used for forming an air film protective layer outside after the cold air is cooled inside. The specific realization principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, in a channel formed by the baffle plate 1 and the hot-side flat plate 2, the cooling air flow B passes through the turbulent flow of the hollow turbulent flow column row 5 to cool the hot-side flat plate 2; after being discharged through the hollow turbulent flow column, the cooling air flow B is limited by the baffle tail plate 6, the baffle plate 2, the outer side cover plate 3 and the baffle front plate 16 to form a return air flow C in a baffling mode upstream, and cooling air films D1 and D2 are formed through the hollow hole 14 to reduce the heat transfer of the main flow fuel gas A to a hot side flat plate; the turbulence column 5 and the middle channel airflow B form an inclination angle of 30-90 degrees, so that the flow section is elliptical on one hand, the internal flow resistance is reduced, and the cooling airflows D1 and D2 have smaller included angles with the main flow A on the other hand, so that the wall surface can be attached by cold air, a higher cooling effect is achieved, and the mixing loss of the spray pipe is reduced. As shown in fig. 5, after cooling the hot-side flat plate 2, the cooling air flow is also used for forming an air film on the surface, so that the cold enthalpy of the cold air is fully utilized, the temperature of the whole plate surface is uniform due to the baffling of the cold air, and the internal thermal stress is reduced; in addition, because the airflow passes through the holes after being discharged through the columns in a baffling manner, the flow resistance is higher, the suction effect of the expansion section of the spray pipe can be effectively reduced, and the waste of cold air is reduced. As shown in fig. 6, the cylindrical shapes of the ellipse 13, the hyperbolic 14 and the drop 15 not only make the gas film better attached on the surface of the fuel gas, enhance the heat exchange effect, but also reduce the flow resistance of the internal column row.
After the numerical verification, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the comprehensive cooling efficiency of an embodiment of the present invention is compared with the comprehensive cooling efficiency of a conventional single-layer multi-inclined-hole flat plate structure with holes opened at the same position by a distribution cloud chart and a line chart, and the comprehensive cooling efficiency is increased from 0.307 to 0.412 with the same gas film cooling gas amount, and the increase amplitude is 1.34 times.
In summary, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) the cooling air quantity is small, and the cooling efficiency is high; (2) the temperature of the cooling structure is uniform, and the surface thermal stress is small; (3) the boundary layer of the air film is thin, so that the thrust loss of the spray pipe is reduced; (3) the suction effect of the spray pipe is reduced, and the cold air consumption of the upstream structure is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a baffled cooling device with a hollow column according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a baffled cooling device with a hollow column according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the characteristic dimensions of a baffled cooling device with a hollow column according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hole row arrangement of a baffled cooling device with hollow columns according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the present invention in an engine nozzle diverging section;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the hollow turbulent flow column according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cloud graph comparing the combined cooling efficiency of an embodiment of the present invention and a single layer multi-well plate model;
FIG. 8 is a plot comparing the spanwise average integrated cooling efficiency of an embodiment of the present invention to a single-layer multi-well plate model;
description of the reference numerals: 1. a baffle plate; 2. hot testing the flat plate; 3. an outer cover plate; 4. a hollow bore; 5. a hollow turbulent flow column; 6. a baffle tail plate; 7. a corrugated plate of an afterburner; 8. an afterburner outer wall; 9. a main gas duct; 10. perforated plates at the convergent section of the spray pipe; 11. the outer wall of the nozzle convergence section; 12. a circular hollow turbulence column; 13. an elliptical hollow turbulence column; 14. a water drop-shaped hollow turbulence column; 15. double-curve hollow turbulent flow; 16. a front baffle plate; A. mainstream gas; B. the intermediate channel cools the airflow; C. reversing the airflow; d1, hollow hole outflow; d2, hollow hole outflow; diThe inner diameter of the hollow column; doThe outer diameter of the hollow column; H. average height of channels between the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate; p, arranging the spread-out intervals of the hollow turbulence columns; s, arranging flow direction intervals of the hollow turbulence columns; v, average height of the external cooling air channel.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The embodiment is a specific embodiment of a baffled cooling device with a hollow column in an engine nozzle expansion section.
High-temperature low-pressure gas discharged from the turbine enters the main gas duct 9 after diffusion, is mixed with fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle and then is combusted to form high-temperature gas, an oblique impact effect is formed on a convergent section of the spray pipe, the temperature of the main flow high-temperature gas A can reach 2200K, the main flow high-temperature gas A far exceeds the melting point of a material, and therefore the wall surface of the spray pipe needs to be cooled.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the baffling cooling device with a hollow column of the present embodiment includes a hot side plate 1, a baffle plate 2, a hollow baffling column 5 connecting the two plates, and an outer cover plate 3, a baffle plate 6 and a baffle plate 16 forming a closed space. The baffle plate 1 is provided with hollow holes 3 which are arranged in a staggered mode, the baffle plate 1 and an outer side cover plate 3 (the outer wall of a nozzle expansion section) form a cold air channel, a middle channel is formed between the hot side flat plate 2 and the baffle plate 1, and the hot side flat plate 2 forms the inner wall surface of fuel gas of a high-temperature component.
The working mode of the baffling cooling device with the hollow column of the nozzle expansion section is shown in the figures 2 and 5, the cooling device with the hollow column and the air film and the internal turbulent flow are connected on the single-layer corrugated plate of the afterburner through transition corrugations, after cooling air from the afterburner bypass enters the convergence section to cool the single-layer porous plate, the cooling air enters from the inlet of the middle channel formed by the hot side plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 to form cooling air flow B, the cooling air is discharged through the hollow turbulent flow column to take away the heat of the hot side plate and the turbulent flow column, when the cooling air flows to the column discharge port, the reverse baffling C is formed under the action of the semi-closed space formed by the hot side plate 1, the baffling tail plate 6, the outer side cover plate 3 and the baffling front plate 16, the cooling air is forced to flow upstream through the outer cold air channel formed by the baffling tail plate 6 and the outer side cover plate and enters the main gas bypass through the hollow hole 4 to form hollow holes D1 and D2, an efficient cooling air film attached to the wall surface is formed on the hot-side flat plate 2 to form thermal protection to the wall surface. In the embodiment, the average height H of the passage between the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate is 6mm, the average height V of the external cold air passage is 8mm, and the inner diameter D of the hollow columniIs 2mm, and the outer diameter D of the hollow columno4mm, the span-wise pitch P of the hollow column rows is 12mm, and the flow-wise pitch S of the hollow column rows is 12 mm.
Because the cooling gas passes through the hollow column row of the middle channel, the convection heat exchange is enhanced under the strong suction action of the expansion section of the spray pipe, the heat of the hot-side flat plate is taken away, and the temperature of the hot-side flat plate is further reduced; meanwhile, because the hot side flat plate 2, the deflection tail plate 6, the deflection front plate 16 and the outer side cover plate 3 form a semi-closed space, the cold air is forced to deflect and flow out of the hollow hole, and an air film cooling layer is formed on the wall surface of the hot side while the heat of the hollow column is taken away, so that the heat transfer quantity of the fuel gas to the hot side flat plate is further reduced. Because the internal flow resistance of the whole structure is large, the suction effect of the gas at the expansion section can be effectively reduced, and the gas backflow at the convergence section is further prevented. The numerical calculation comparison is carried out on the embodiment and a single-layer multi-inclined-hole flat plate structure with the same opening rate and opening position. The specific calculation setup is shown in table 1, and the cold efficiency of the example is compared with that of the single-layer multi-hole plate model in fig. 7 and 8. Compared with a single-layer multi-inclined-hole flat plate structure with the same opening rate and opening position, the cooling system improves the comprehensive cooling efficiency to 1.34 times that of the original structure under the condition of the same cold air consumption.
TABLE 1 implementation case and single-layer multi-hole flat model numerical calculation method
Figure BDA0003588798590000061
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A baffled cooling device, characterized by: the gas-liquid separator comprises a hot side flat plate, a baffle plate, an outer side cover plate, a hollow flow disturbing column, a front baffle plate and a tail baffle plate, wherein a cold air channel is formed between the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the hot side flat plate is positioned on one side of a high-temperature gas channel;
a plurality of hollow turbulence columns are arranged between the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate to form a middle channel containing the hollow turbulence columns; the front baffle plate is packaged at the front ends of the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate, and the tail baffle plate is packaged at the tail ends of the hot side flat plate and the outer side cover plate to form a semi-closed space; the cooling gas gets into the intermediate passage and forms the cooling air current, turns back in baffling tailboard department behind a plurality of cavity turbulent flow columns, forms reverse baffling and lets in the cold air passageway, passes through at last the cavity hole in the cavity turbulent flow column flows in high temperature gas passageway, forms the cooling air film of attached wall at the dull and stereotyped inner wall of hot side.
2. The baffled cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the hollow flow disturbing columns are arranged in staggered mode.
3. The baffled cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the hollow turbulence column and the air flow direction of the middle channel form an inclination angle of 30-90 degrees.
4. The baffled cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the diameter D of the hollow holeiBetween 0.5 and 5 mm.
5. The baffled cooling device of claim 4, wherein: the span-wise hole distance P and the flow-wise hole distance S of the hollow holes are 3-10 times of the hollow hole diameter DiThe hollow holes are distributed in a regular diamond shape in the flow direction.
6. The baffled cooling device of claim 4, wherein: the average height H of the channel formed by the hot side flat plate and the baffle plate is 1-10 times of the hollow aperture DiAnd (4) inside.
7. The baffled cooling device of claim 4, wherein: the baffle plate and the outer side cover plate form a hollow aperture D with the average height V of an outer cold air channel being 1-10 timesiAnd (4) inside.
8. The baffled cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the hollow turbulence column is in a circular shape, an oval shape, a drop shape or a double-curve shape.
9. The baffled cooling device of claim 8, wherein: the cross section of the hollow hole of the hollow flow disturbing column is consistent with the shape of the radial cross section of the hollow flow disturbing column.
10. A nozzle for an engine employing the baffled cooling arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the device comprises a baffling cooling device, wherein the baffling cooling device is arranged at an expansion section of an engine spray pipe and is connected to a single-layer corrugated plate of an afterburner through transition corrugations;
the baffle plate of the baffling cooling device and the outer side cover plate form a cold air channel, and the hot side flat plate forms the inner wall surface of the spray pipe; the front end of the cold air channel is of a closed structure, and the tail ends of the hot side flat plate and the outer side cover plate are of a closed structure; cooling gas from an afterburner culvert enters the baffling cooling device through the nozzle convergence section, is guided out through the baffling cooling device in a return mode, and forms a cooling gas film attached to the wall surface on the inner wall of the hot side flat plate.
CN202210371618.3A 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Baffling cooling device and application Withdrawn CN114776485A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210371618.3A CN114776485A (en) 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Baffling cooling device and application
CN202211227213.9A CN115898707A (en) 2022-04-11 2022-10-09 Baffling cooling device and application

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210371618.3A CN114776485A (en) 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Baffling cooling device and application

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CN114776485A true CN114776485A (en) 2022-07-22

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CN202211227213.9A Pending CN115898707A (en) 2022-04-11 2022-10-09 Baffling cooling device and application

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