CN114776393A - Air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power - Google Patents
Air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power Download PDFInfo
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- CN114776393A CN114776393A CN202210397565.2A CN202210397565A CN114776393A CN 114776393 A CN114776393 A CN 114776393A CN 202210397565 A CN202210397565 A CN 202210397565A CN 114776393 A CN114776393 A CN 114776393A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power, wherein the power generation system comprises thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler, a high-pressure heater and a deaerator, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger and an air turbine; the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are at least provided with two stages and are alternately connected in series, and a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a branch pipeline of boiler steam. According to the invention, thermal power equipment and air energy storage equipment are coupled, especially, a boiler steam part is extracted for air turbine power generation, and the temperature of compressed air is increased, so that the power generation capacity of an air energy storage system is improved; the pressure matching of each stage of extraction steam and compressed air is good, which is beneficial to reducing the pressure difference and the wall thickness of two sides of the heat exchange tube, thereby reducing the material consumption and the processing difficulty; the steam side of the steam-air heat exchanger is used for phase change heat exchange, the heat exchange coefficient is high, the size of the heat exchanger can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and relates to an air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power.
Background
Under the new potential of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization at present, the large-scale development of the energy storage technology serving as an important technology and basic equipment for supporting a novel power system becomes a necessary trend. The liquefied air energy storage and compressed air energy storage system is an energy storage technology capable of realizing large-capacity and long-time electric energy storage, has the advantages of reliability, economy, environmental protection and the like, is mainly used for load balancing, renewable energy storage, system standby and the like in a power system, and is a technology with great development potential in the field of energy storage. Before large-scale energy storage is not popularized and applied well, thermal power is still the main force for bearing the peak regulation task, the important function of stabilizing a power system is played, and compressed air energy storage and liquefied air energy storage are coupled with the thermal power, so that one of feasible paths for gradually popularizing energy storage application is provided.
At present, aiming at the charging and discharging process of an energy storage system, a thermal power steam-water system is coupled with a compression subsystem of the energy storage system in the charging process, and the air compression heat is utilized to heat the feed water, so that the partial energy of the steam-water thermal cycle of a thermal power unit is transferred, and the peak regulation and frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit participating in the power grid is favorably improved; in the discharge process, the research on air power generation by electrically coupling the compressed air energy storage or the liquefied air energy storage generally utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas, the grade of the waste heat of the flue gas is not high, the inlet temperature parameter of the heated air turbine is low, the heat exchange effect is poor, and the investment cost of required equipment is high.
CN 111764970a discloses a coal-fired thermal power unit system coupled with a compressed air energy storage device and an operation method thereof, including a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine of a coal-fired unit, wherein the front side of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is coupled with an air compressor through a first coupling; an air filter screen is arranged in front of an inlet of the air compressor; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the compressed air chamber through a compressed air inlet regulating valve; the compressed air chamber is provided with three outlets, wherein one path is connected with a first air turbine through a first air turbine inlet regulating valve, the other path is connected with a second air turbine through a second air turbine inlet regulating valve, and the other path is connected with plant air through a plant compressed air regulating valve to provide an air supply for the plant air; the first air turbine is coaxially connected with the generator, and the second air turbine is connected with the small turbine through a second coupler and coaxially arranged with the feed pump. The system only definitely couples the compressed air energy storage device into the thermal power generating unit system, but the heat exchange process of the air compression and air turbine stage is not clear, and the connection relation of the heat exchange system is not mentioned.
CN 113279829a discloses a system and method for coupling compressed air energy storage with thermal power generation, in which air is divided into multi-stage low-pressure-ratio compression and medium-pressure-ratio compression in the compression process, two qualities of compression heat, low temperature and medium temperature, are generated in the compression process, the two qualities of compression heat are extracted and stored by respectively adopting a low-temperature heat storage working medium and a medium-temperature heat storage working medium, and are subjected to cascade utilization according to the temperature grades. The compressed air energy storage system mainly relates to a charging process of air compression and utilizes compression heat, but a discharging process in the energy storage system, namely a discharging process of acting externally, is not determined, and the connection of a heat exchange pipeline at the stage is not determined.
In summary, for the structure of the air energy storage system coupled with thermal power, especially for the connection relationship of the power generation system in the discharge stage, it is also necessary to select appropriate coupling connection equipment and parameters according to the actual conditions of the compressed air and the air turbine, so as to improve the power generation capacity and the energy utilization rate of the air energy storage system and reduce the equipment cost at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an air energy storage power generation system and method for coupling thermal power, wherein the system couples thermal power equipment and air energy storage equipment, and especially uses extraction steam in a steam-water system for heating compressed air in an air energy storage system, so that parameters before expansion of an air turbine are improved, and the power generation capacity of the air turbine and the comprehensive utilization rate of system energy are improved; meanwhile, the steam pressure is better matched with the compressed air, the pressure balance of two sides of the heat exchanger is facilitated, the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side and the designed wall thickness are reduced, and the equipment cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides an air energy storage power generation system coupled with thermal power, the power generation system comprises thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler, a high-pressure heater and a deaerator, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger and an air turbine;
each branch of steam pipeline of the outlet steam of the boiler is connected with the high-pressure heater and a heat source inlet of a deaerator, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator is connected with a cold source inlet of the high-pressure heater, and a cold source outlet of the high-pressure heater is connected with a water inlet of the boiler;
the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are at least provided with two stages, the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are alternately connected in series, a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a branch pipeline of boiler steam, and an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is compressed air generated in an air energy storage process.
According to the invention, the air energy storage power generation system is coupled with a steam-water system of a thermal power plant according to the requirement of the air energy storage power generation system, and according to the selection of thermal power equipment, boiler steam for heating by a high-pressure heater is extracted out of a part of air turbine power generation units for the air energy storage system, and the temperature and other parameters of compressed air before expansion of each section of an air turbine are improved by utilizing the characteristic of higher steam temperature, so that the power generation capacity of the air turbine and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the air energy storage system are improved; the matching between the pressure of each stage of steam extraction of the steam-water system of the thermal power plant and the pressure of corresponding compressed air during heat exchange is good, so that the pressures inside and outside the heat exchange pipe are balanced, the pressure difference is small, the design wall thickness of the heat exchange pipe is reduced, and the material consumption and the processing difficulty of the heat exchanger are reduced; and the heat exchange of steam and air is adopted, the phase change heat exchange is carried out on the steam side, the heat exchange coefficient is high, the heat exchange area can be reduced, the size of the heat exchanger is reduced, and the equipment cost is reduced.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure heater includes at least two stages, for example, two stages, three stages, or four stages, and preferably three stages.
Preferably, the high pressure feed water heater comprises a first high pressure feed water heater, a second high pressure feed water heater and a third high pressure feed water heater which are sequentially connected in series, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator is connected with a cold source inlet of the third high pressure feed water heater, and a cold source outlet of the first high pressure feed water heater is connected with a water inlet of the boiler.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, steam pipelines connected with each stage of high-pressure heater are arranged in parallel and are led out from an outlet steam pipeline of the boiler.
Preferably, the heat source outlet of each stage of high-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet of the deaerator through a drain pipe.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are provided with four stages on average, the steam-air heat exchanger sequentially includes a first steam-air heat exchanger, a second steam-air heat exchanger, a third steam-air heat exchanger, and a fourth steam-air heat exchanger, and the air turbine sequentially includes a first air turbine, a second air turbine, a third air turbine, and a fourth air turbine;
preferably, the air-side inlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger is connected to compressed air, the air-side outlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first air turbine, the outlet of the first air turbine is connected to the air-side inlet of the second steam-air heat exchanger, the air turbine and the steam-air heat exchanger are alternately connected, and the outlet of the fourth air turbine is connected to the atmosphere.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the steam side inlet of each stage of steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a branch pipeline of boiler steam, and all the branch pipelines are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the branch pipe of the first steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the first high-pressure heater, the branch pipe of the second steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the second high-pressure heater, the branch pipe of the third steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the third high-pressure heater, and the branch pipe of the fourth steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the deaerator.
Preferably, the heat source outlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a corresponding drain pipe of the high-pressure heater and finally connected to the deaerator.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for generating electricity by air energy storage using the above system, the method comprising the steps of:
after the air energy storage power generation equipment and the thermal power equipment are coupled, boiler steam is used as a heat source of compressed air, the heated compressed air enters an air turbine to generate power, and then steam heating and air turbine power generation are alternately carried out until the heated compressed air passes through a last stage of air turbine and is discharged.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the steam at the outlet of the boiler in the thermal power equipment passes through the cylinder and the pipeline, and the steam pressure is gradually reduced.
Preferably, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the cylinder, and corresponding steam pressures are different to be used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters and steam-air heat exchangers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam pressure in the steam line connected to the first steam-air heat exchanger is 3.19 to 6.38MPa, for example, 3.19MPa, 3.5MPa, 4.0MPa, 4.78MPa, 5.5MPa, 6.0MPa, or 6.38MPa, but the pressure is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
Preferably, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger is 1.89-3.79 MPa, such as 1.89MPa, 2.1MPa, 2.4MPa, 2.84MPa, 3.2MPa, 3.5MPa or 3.79MPa, but is not limited to the enumerated values, and other unrecited values in the numerical range are also applicable.
Preferably, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger is 0.88-1.75 MPa, such as 0.88MPa, 1.0MPa, 1.2MPa, 1.32MPa, 1.5MPa or 1.75MPa, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the numerical range are also applicable.
Preferably, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the fourth steam-air heat exchanger is 0.45-0.89 MPa, such as 0.45MPa, 0.54MPa, 0.60MPa, 0.675MPa, 0.75MPa, 0.82MPa or 0.89MPa, but not limited to the enumerated values, and other non-enumerated values in the numerical range are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compressed air has an initial pressure of 6 to 12MPa, for example, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa, 10MPa, 11MPa or 12MPa, and a temperature of 10 to 110 ℃, for example, 10 ℃, 30 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ or 110 ℃, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the respective ranges of values are also applicable.
In the invention, the air energy storage system usually comprises a charging unit and a discharging unit, while the air energy storage power generation equipment in the invention is the discharging unit, compressed gas is expanded in an air turbine to do work to generate power, and the source of the compressed gas is usually the charging unit.
Preferably, the compressed air is heated by a steam-air heat exchanger, expanded by an air turbine to generate power at a lower temperature and pressure, and then alternately enters the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compressed air is passed through the first steam-air heat exchanger at a temperature of 220 to 280 ℃, for example, 220 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃ or 280 ℃ and then passed through the first air turbine at a pressure of 1.65 to 3.3MPa, for example, 1.65MPa, 2.0MPa, 2.2MPa, 2.47MPa, 2.8MPa, 3.0MPa or 3.3MPa, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values and other values not listed in the respective ranges of values are also applicable.
Preferably, the compressed air is passed through the second steam-air heat exchanger at a temperature of 200 to 240 ℃, for example 200 ℃, 210 ℃, 220 ℃, 230 ℃ or 240 ℃ and then passed through the second air turbine at a pressure of 0.45 to 0.9MPa, for example 0.45MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.675MPa, 0.75MPa, 0.85MPa or 0.9MPa, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the respective numerical ranges are also applicable.
Preferably, the compressed air is passed through the third steam-air heat exchanger at a temperature of 170 to 210 ℃, such as 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃, 200 ℃ or 210 ℃ and then through the third air turbine at a pressure of 0.13 to 0.26MPa, such as 0.13MPa, 0.15MPa, 0.18MPa, 0.195MPa, 0.22MPa, 0.24MPa or 0.26MPa, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the respective ranges of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the compressed air is passed through the fourth steam-air heat exchanger at a temperature of 140 to 180 ℃, such as 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃ or 180 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in this range are equally applicable; after passing through a fourth air turbine, the pressure is normal pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the system couples thermal power equipment and air energy storage equipment, particularly extracts a part of boiler steam in a steam-water system to be used for an air turbine power generation unit of an air energy storage system, and improves parameters such as the temperature of compressed air by utilizing the characteristic of higher steam temperature, so that the power generation capacity of an air turbine and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the air energy storage system are improved;
(2) the matching performance of the pressure of each stage of steam extraction of the steam-water system of the thermal power plant and the pressure of corresponding compressed air during heat exchange is good, the pressure balance of two sides of the heat exchanger is facilitated, the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the heat exchange tube and the design wall thickness are reduced, and therefore the material consumption and the processing difficulty of the heat exchanger are reduced;
(3) the steam side of the steam-air heat exchanger is used for phase change heat exchange, the heat exchange coefficient is high, the heat exchange area can be reduced, the size and the weight of the heat exchanger are reduced, and the equipment cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air energy storage power generation system coupled with thermal power provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the system comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure heater 2, a first high-pressure heater 21, a second high-pressure heater 22, a third high-pressure heater 23, a deaerator 3, a steam-air heat exchanger 4, a first steam-air heat exchanger 41, a second steam-air heat exchanger 42, a third steam-air heat exchanger 43, a fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44, an air turbine 5, a first air turbine 51, a second air turbine 52, a third air turbine 53 and a fourth air turbine 54.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the present invention and to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The invention provides an air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power generation, wherein the power generation system comprises thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure heater 2 and a deaerator 3, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger 4 and an air turbine 5;
each branch of steam outlet of the boiler 1 is divided into a steam pipeline which is connected with a high-pressure heater 2 and a heat source inlet of a deaerator 3, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator 3 is connected with a cold source inlet of the high-pressure heater 2, and a cold source outlet of the high-pressure heater 2 is connected with a water inlet of the boiler 1;
the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are respectively provided with four stages, the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are alternately connected in series, a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a branch pipeline of steam of the boiler 1, and an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is compressed air generated in an air energy storage process.
The following are typical, but non-limiting, examples of the present invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation system coupled with thermal power, the structural schematic diagram of the power generation system is shown in fig. 1, and the power generation system comprises thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, wherein the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure heater 2 and a deaerator 3, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger 4 and an air turbine 5;
each branch of steam outlet of the boiler 1 is divided into a steam pipeline which is connected with a high-pressure heater 2 and a heat source inlet of a deaerator 3, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator 3 is connected with a cold source inlet of the high-pressure heater 2, and a cold source outlet of the high-pressure heater 2 is connected with a water inlet of the boiler 1;
the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are respectively provided with four stages, the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are alternately connected in series, a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a branch pipeline of steam of the boiler 1, and an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is compressed air generated in an air energy storage process.
The high pressure heater 2 comprises three stages, namely a first high pressure heater 21, a second high pressure heater 22 and a third high pressure heater 23 which are sequentially connected in series, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator 3 is connected with a cold source inlet of the third high pressure heater 23, and a cold source outlet of the first high pressure heater 21 is connected with a water inlet of the boiler 1.
Steam pipelines connected with the high-pressure heaters 2 at all levels are arranged in parallel and are led out from an outlet steam pipeline of the boiler 1; the heat source outlet of each stage of high-pressure heater 2 is connected with the water inlet of the deaerator 3 through a drain pipe.
The steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are provided with four stages, the steam-air heat exchanger 4 sequentially includes a first steam-air heat exchanger 41, a second steam-air heat exchanger 42, a third steam-air heat exchanger 43, and a fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44, and the air turbine 5 sequentially includes a first air turbine 51, a second air turbine 52, a third air turbine 53, and a fourth air turbine 54.
The air-side inlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is connected to compressed air, the air-side outlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is connected to the inlet of a first air turbine 51, the outlet of the first air turbine 51 is connected to the air-side inlet of a second steam-air heat exchanger 42, the air turbine 5 and the steam-air heat exchanger 4 are connected in turn, and the outlet of a fourth air turbine 54 is connected to the atmosphere.
The steam side inlet of each stage of steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a branch pipeline of the steam of the boiler 1, and the branch pipelines are arranged in parallel.
The branch pipe of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the first high-pressure heater 21, the branch pipe of the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the second high-pressure heater 22, the branch pipe of the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the third high-pressure heater 23, and the branch pipe of the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the deaerator 3.
And a heat source outlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a corresponding drain pipe of the high-pressure heater 2 and is finally connected to the deaerator 3.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation system coupled with thermal power, and the power generation system comprises thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, wherein the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure heater 2 and a deaerator 3, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger 4 and an air turbine 5;
each branch of steam outlet of the boiler 1 is divided into a steam pipeline which is connected with a high-pressure heater 2 and a heat source inlet of a deaerator 3, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator 3 is connected with a cold source inlet of the high-pressure heater 2, and a cold source outlet of the high-pressure heater 2 is connected with a water inlet of the boiler 1;
the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are provided with three stages, the steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are alternately connected in series, a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a branch pipeline of steam of the boiler 1, and an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is compressed air generated in an air energy storage process.
The high pressure heater 2 comprises two stages, namely a first high pressure heater 21 and a second high pressure heater 22 which are sequentially connected in series, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator 3 is connected with a cold source inlet of the second high pressure heater 22, and a cold source outlet of the first high pressure heater 21 is connected with a water inlet of the boiler 1.
Steam pipelines connected with the high-pressure heaters 2 at all levels are arranged in parallel and are led out from an outlet steam pipeline of the boiler 1; the heat source outlet of each stage of high-pressure heater 2 is connected with the water inlet of the deaerator 3 through a drain pipe.
The steam-air heat exchanger 4 and the air turbine 5 are provided with three stages, the steam-air heat exchanger 4 sequentially includes a first steam-air heat exchanger 41, a second steam-air heat exchanger 42, and a third steam-air heat exchanger 43, and the air turbine 5 sequentially includes a first air turbine 51, a second air turbine 52, and a third air turbine 53.
The air-side inlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is connected to compressed air, the air-side outlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is connected to the inlet of a first air turbine 51, the outlet of the first air turbine 51 is connected to the air-side inlet of a second steam-air heat exchanger 42, and the air turbine 5 and the steam-air heat exchanger 4 are alternately connected to each other, so that the outlet of a third air turbine 53 is connected to the atmosphere.
The steam side inlet of each stage of steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a branch pipeline of the steam of the boiler 1, and the branch pipelines are arranged in parallel.
The branch pipe of the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is led out by the steam pipeline connected with the first high-pressure heater 21, the branch pipe of the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is led out by the steam pipeline connected with the second high-pressure heater 22, and the branch pipe of the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is led out by the steam pipeline connected with the deaerator 3.
And a heat source outlet of the steam-air heat exchanger 4 is connected with a corresponding drain pipe of the high-pressure heater 2 and is finally connected to the deaerator 3.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation method coupled with thermal power, which is performed by using the system in embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
after the air energy storage power generation equipment and the thermal power equipment are coupled, steam of a boiler 1 is used as a heat source of compressed air, the steam at an outlet of the boiler 1 passes through a cylinder and a pipeline, the steam pressure is gradually reduced, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the cylinder, and the corresponding steam pressures are different and are used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters 2 and steam-air heat exchangers 4; the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 6.38MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 3.79MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 1.75MPa, and the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 0.89 MPa;
the initial pressure of the compressed air is 12MPa, the temperature is 30 ℃, the compressed air heated by the steam-air heat exchanger 4 enters the air turbine 5 to generate electricity, then the steam heating and the air turbine 5 generate electricity alternately, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 280 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first air turbine 51 is 100 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 3.3MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 240 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second air turbine 52 is 80 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.9MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 210 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third air turbine 53 is 65 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.26MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 180 ℃, and the compressed air after passing through the fourth air turbine 54, the temperature is 55 ℃ and the pressure is atmospheric, and the exhaust is carried out after passing through the fourth air turbine 54.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation method coupled with thermal power, which is performed by using the system in embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
after coupling the air energy storage power generation equipment and the thermal power equipment, utilizing steam of a boiler 1 as a heat source of compressed air, wherein the steam at an outlet of the boiler 1 passes through an air cylinder and a pipeline, the steam pressure is gradually reduced, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the air cylinder, and the corresponding different steam pressures are used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters 2 and steam-air heat exchangers 4; the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 3.19MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 1.89MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 0.88MPa, and the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 0.45 MPa;
the initial pressure of the compressed air is 6MPa, the temperature is 90 ℃, the compressed air heated by the steam-air heat exchanger 4 enters the air turbine 5 to generate power, then the steam heating and the air turbine 5 generate power alternately, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 220 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first air turbine 51 is 90 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 1.65MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 210 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second air turbine 52 is 80 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.45MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 170 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third air turbine 53 is 75 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.13MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 140 ℃, and the compressed air after passing through the fourth air turbine 54, the temperature is 70 c and the pressure is atmospheric, and is discharged after passing through the fourth air turbine 54.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation method coupled with thermal power, which is performed by using the system in embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
after coupling the air energy storage power generation equipment and the thermal power equipment, utilizing steam of a boiler 1 as a heat source of compressed air, wherein the steam at an outlet of the boiler 1 passes through an air cylinder and a pipeline, the steam pressure is gradually reduced, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the air cylinder, and the corresponding different steam pressures are used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters 2 and steam-air heat exchangers 4; the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 4.78MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 2.84MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 1.32MPa, and the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 0.675 MPa;
the initial pressure of the compressed air is 9MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, the compressed air heated by the steam-air heat exchanger 4 enters the air turbine 5 to generate electricity, then the steam heating and the air turbine 5 generate electricity alternately, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 250 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first air turbine 51 is 95 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 2.47MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 220 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second air turbine 52 is 75 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.675MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 190 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third air turbine 53 is 70 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.195MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the fourth steam-air heat exchanger 44 is 160 ℃, and the compressed air after passing through the fourth air turbine 54, at 60 c and atmospheric pressure, and discharged through a fourth air turbine 54.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides an air energy storage power generation method coupled with thermal power, which is performed by using the system in embodiment 2 and comprises the following steps:
after coupling the air energy storage power generation equipment and the thermal power equipment, utilizing steam of a boiler 1 as a heat source of compressed air, wherein the steam at an outlet of the boiler 1 passes through an air cylinder and a pipeline, the steam pressure is gradually reduced, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the air cylinder, and the corresponding different steam pressures are used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters 2 and steam-air heat exchangers 4; the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 6.38MPa, the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 3.79MPa, and the steam pressure in the steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 1.75 MPa;
the initial pressure of the compressed air is 6.4MPa, the temperature of the compressed air is 30 ℃, the compressed air heated by the steam-air heat exchanger 4 enters the air turbine 5 to generate power, then steam heating and the power generation of the air turbine 5 are alternately carried out, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first steam-air heat exchanger 41 is 280 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the first air turbine 51 is 50 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 1.8MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second steam-air heat exchanger 42 is 240 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second air turbine 52 is 32 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is 0.5MPa, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third steam-air heat exchanger 43 is 210 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the third air turbine 53 is 18 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air is normal pressure, and the compressed air is discharged after passing through the third air turbine 53.
Comparative example 1:
the comparative example provides an air energy storage power generation system and method coupled with thermal power, and the structure of the power generation system is as in example 1, except that: the heat source inlet of the heat exchanger is not connected with a branch pipeline of the steam of the boiler 1, but is connected with a flue gas pipeline of a thermal power plant.
The process is referred to the process in example 3, with the only difference that: flue gas of a thermal power plant is introduced into a heat source inlet of the heat exchanger, and compressed air is heated by the flue gas.
In the comparative example, the flue gas of a thermal power plant is used as a heat source for heating the compressed air, so that the temperature which can be reached before the compressed air enters the air turbine is relatively low, and the power generation capacity of the air turbine is reduced by about 25 percent compared with that of the embodiment 1; meanwhile, the pressure of the flue gas is basically normal pressure, the pressure difference between the flue gas and the compressed air is large, the average pressure difference of two sides of the heat exchange tube is more than 2 times of that of the embodiment 1, the wall thickness of the required heat exchange tube is increased, and the equipment cost is increased.
It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the system of the present invention couples the thermal power equipment and the air energy storage equipment, and especially extracts a part of the boiler steam in the steam-water system for the air turbine power generation unit of the air energy storage system, and the characteristics of high steam temperature are utilized to improve the parameters of the temperature of the compressed air, etc., thereby improving the power generation capacity of the air turbine and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the air energy storage system; the matching between the pressure of each stage of steam extraction of the steam-water system of the thermal power plant and the pressure of corresponding compressed air during heat exchange is good, so that the pressure balance of two sides of the heat exchanger is facilitated, the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the heat exchange tube and the design wall thickness are reduced, and the material consumption and the processing difficulty of the heat exchanger are reduced; the steam side of the steam-air heat exchanger is used for phase change heat exchange, the heat exchange coefficient is high, the heat exchange area can be reduced, the size and the weight of the heat exchanger are reduced, and the equipment cost is reduced.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the detailed system and method of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed system and method, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above detailed system and method to be implemented. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the system of the present invention and additions of auxiliary equipment, choice of specific means, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The air energy storage power generation system coupled with thermal power is characterized by comprising thermal power equipment and air energy storage power generation equipment, wherein the thermal power equipment comprises a boiler, a high-pressure heater and a deaerator, and the air energy storage power generation equipment comprises a steam-air heat exchanger and an air turbine;
each branch of steam pipeline of the outlet steam of the boiler is connected with the high-pressure heater and a heat source inlet of a deaerator, a liquid phase outlet of the deaerator is connected with a cold source inlet of the high-pressure heater, and a cold source outlet of the high-pressure heater is connected with a water inlet of the boiler;
the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are at least provided with two stages, the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are alternately connected in series, a steam side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a branch pipeline of boiler steam, and an air side inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is compressed air generated in an air energy storage process.
2. An air energy storage power generation system according to claim 1, wherein said high pressure heater comprises at least two stages, preferably three stages;
preferably, the high pressure heater includes first high pressure heater, second high pressure heater and the third high pressure heater of establishing ties in proper order, the liquid phase export of oxygen-eliminating device links to each other with the cold source entry of third high pressure heater, the cold source export of first high pressure heater links to each other with the water inlet of boiler.
3. The air energy storage power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steam pipelines connected with the high-pressure heaters of each stage are arranged in parallel and are led out from the outlet steam pipeline of the boiler;
preferably, the heat source outlet of each stage of high-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet of the deaerator through a drain pipe.
4. The air energy storage and power generation system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine are provided with four stages, the steam-air heat exchanger comprises a first steam-air heat exchanger, a second steam-air heat exchanger, a third steam-air heat exchanger and a fourth steam-air heat exchanger in sequence, and the air turbine comprises a first air turbine, a second air turbine, a third air turbine and a fourth air turbine in sequence;
preferably, the air-side inlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger is connected to compressed air, the air-side outlet of the first steam-air heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first air turbine, the outlet of the first air turbine is connected to the air-side inlet of the second steam-air heat exchanger, the air turbine and the steam-air heat exchanger are alternately connected, and the outlet of the fourth air turbine is connected to the atmosphere.
5. An air energy storage and power generation system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the steam side inlet of each stage of steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a branch pipeline of boiler steam, and the branch pipelines are arranged in parallel;
preferably, the branch pipe of the first steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the first high-pressure heater, the branch pipe of the second steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the second high-pressure heater, the branch pipe of the third steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the third high-pressure heater, and the branch pipe of the fourth steam-air heat exchanger is led out by a steam pipeline connected with the deaerator;
preferably, the heat source outlet of the steam-air heat exchanger is connected with a corresponding drain pipe of the high-pressure heater and finally connected to the deaerator.
6. A method of generating electricity from stored energy in air using the system of any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising the steps of:
after the air energy storage power generation equipment is coupled with thermal power equipment, boiler steam is used as a heat source of compressed air, the heated compressed air enters an air turbine to generate power, and then steam heating and air turbine power generation are alternately carried out until the heated compressed air passes through a last stage of air turbine and is discharged.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that outlet steam of a boiler in the thermal power plant passes through a cylinder and a pipeline, and the steam pressure is gradually reduced;
preferably, different steam pipelines are led out from different positions of the cylinder, and corresponding steam pressures are different to be used as heat sources of different high-pressure heaters and steam-air heat exchangers.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the steam pressure in a steam pipeline connected with the first steam-air heat exchanger is 3.19-6.38 MPa;
preferably, the steam pressure in a steam pipeline connected with the second steam-air heat exchanger is 1.89-3.79 MPa;
preferably, the steam pressure in a steam pipeline connected with the third steam-air heat exchanger is 0.88-1.75 MPa;
preferably, the steam pressure in a steam pipeline connected with the fourth steam-air heat exchanger is 0.45-0.89 MPa.
9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the compressed air has an initial pressure of 6 to 12MPa and a temperature of 10 to 110 ℃;
preferably, the compressed air is heated by a steam-air heat exchanger, expanded by an air turbine to generate power at a lower temperature and pressure, and then alternately enters the steam-air heat exchanger and the air turbine.
10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the compressed air has a temperature of 220 to 280 ℃ after passing through the first steam-air heat exchanger and a pressure of 1.65 to 3.3MPa after passing through the first air turbine;
preferably, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the second steam-air heat exchanger is 200-240 ℃, and the pressure of the compressed air after passing through the second air turbine is 0.45-0.9 MPa;
preferably, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through a third steam-air heat exchanger is 170-210 ℃, and the pressure of the compressed air after passing through a third air turbine is 0.13-0.26 MPa;
preferably, the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the fourth steam-air heat exchanger is 140-180 ℃, and the pressure of the compressed air after passing through the fourth air turbine is normal pressure.
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