CN114776258A - Dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device - Google Patents
Dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114776258A CN114776258A CN202210376094.7A CN202210376094A CN114776258A CN 114776258 A CN114776258 A CN 114776258A CN 202210376094 A CN202210376094 A CN 202210376094A CN 114776258 A CN114776258 A CN 114776258A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
Abstract
A dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device. The method is characterized in that: the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device comprises a static viscosity reduction module, a dynamic steady flow shearing module and a top sleeve; the top sleeve is used for guiding the high polymer-containing water mixed phase to flow in through the liquid inlet; the static viscosity reduction module is used for mechanically shearing the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase to reduce the viscosity of the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase and then flows into the dynamic steady flow shearing module; the dynamic steady flow shearing module can automatically adjust the flow area of liquid according to the flow size, so that the flow of the flowing high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase tends to be stable, and the problem that the mechanical viscosity reduction cannot be fully performed due to the fact that the flow velocity is large because of overlarge flow is avoided. The device adopts a mechanical physical viscosity reduction method to reduce the viscosity of a high polymer-containing oil-water mixed phase, the low-viscosity mixed phase is beneficial to oil-water two-phase separation, and the cyclone separation efficiency can be improved after the device is combined with a cyclone separator for use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical dynamic viscosity reduction device applied to an oil field underground high polymer-containing working condition.
Background
At present, the dominant oil fields in China, such as Daqing oil fields, Shengli oil fields and the like, enter the middle and later stages of oil field development, most oil fields are exploited in a water injection and oil displacement mode, the oil fields enter a high water-cut period by adopting water injection exploitation, the water treatment cost is increased, the economic benefit of the oil fields is greatly reduced, and with the continuous updating and development of oil extraction modes, tertiary oil recovery mainly based on a polymer oil displacement technology is applied to the oil field exploitation. The polymer flooding technology is characterized in that the viscosity characteristic of a polymer water solution with high relative molecular mass is utilized, so that the permeability of a water phase in a rock stratum is reduced, and the water phase sweep coefficient is improved; meanwhile, the oil-water viscosity ratio is reduced, so that the water content of the produced liquid is greatly reduced, and the aim of improving the crude oil recovery ratio is fulfilled. But when the crude oil recovery rate is greatly improved, the viscosity and the oil-water emulsification degree of the treatment fluid are increased due to the influence of substances such as polymers, so that the treatment difficulty of subsequent oilfield produced fluid and oilfield sewage is increased, and the difficulty of oil-water separation is increased accordingly. The viscosity reduction method for the polymer solution is multiple, the chemical degradation is difficult to realize under various working conditions due to the addition of chemical reagents and special reactions, and the addition of new reagents is easy to cause environmental pollution; for a cyclone separator of oil-water separation equipment, thermal degradation cannot meet the characteristic that the cyclone has a large application range nowadays, the cyclone is widely applied to separation of produced liquid of an oil field, part of sewage treatment of an ocean platform is applied underground, external energy is required for thermal degradation, and due to narrow operation space or difficulty in energy supply and the like, part of working conditions of complex separation cannot realize thermal degradation, the cost of biodegradation is high, the time is long, the adaptability to environmental influence is poor, and the cyclone separator is not suitable for being matched with the cyclone for use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mechanical viscosity reducing device to reduce the viscosity of the polymer-containing mixed liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device, wherein a mixed liquid with high polymer content flows into the dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device, is subjected to primary rotary shearing through a rotary shearing sheet, then enters a secondary static shearing plate, is further sheared through the superposition of three layers of sieve type shearing plates, and then enters a dynamic steady-flow shearing module, the module can adjust the flow of the mixed liquid and automatically adjust the flow area of the liquid, so that the phenomenon that the shearing time of the mixed liquid is too short due to too high flow velocity is avoided, and the shearing and viscosity reduction effects cannot be achieved; the dynamic shearing device consists of six ratchet-shaped shears, the dynamic shearing effect is achieved through the self rotation motion, and the viscosity of the high-viscosity polymer-containing oil-water mixed liquid is greatly reduced after static and dynamic viscosity reduction procedures; the viscosity reduction of the polymer-containing mixed liquid can reduce the difficulty of oil-water separation in the subsequent polymer-containing mixed liquid, so that the tertiary polymer flooding oil recovery can be continuously and efficiently operated.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
firstly, a static viscosity reduction module is provided, which comprises a shearing fixed support 6, a shearing sheet 3, a rotary shearing blade 4, a shearing disc 5 and an axis supporting pipe 20.
The rotary shearing blade 4 is a rotary part and comprises a middle sleeve and arc-shaped blades uniformly distributed around the middle sleeve; the middle sleeve of the rotary shearing blade 4 is matched with a bearing through a set screw, and the bearing is arranged on the axis supporting pipe 20.
The shearing disc 5 is a disc-shaped structure, the middle part of the shearing disc is provided with hole grooves in a rectangular array shape, a pair of shearing cones 502 are arranged on opposite wall surfaces of the inner side of each hole groove, the outer edge of the shearing disc 5 is provided with a shearing disc fixing hole 501, and the central hole of the shearing disc 5 is in threaded connection with the axis supporting pipe 20 so that the shearing disc 5 is fixed.
The shearing fixing upright 601 of the internal structure of the shearing fixing support 6 is matched with the shearing disc fixing hole 501 of the internal structure of the shearing disc 5 to fix the shearing fixing upright, so that the shearing fixing support 6 is fixed on the shearing disc 5.
On the axis supporting tube 20, a stepped shaft shoulder is provided at a position corresponding to a position between the rotary shearing blade 4 and the shearing disk 5, for realizing axial positioning of the rotary shearing blade 4 and the shearing disk 5.
Further, the shearing disc 5 is formed by assembling at least 2 layers of shearing disc monomers on the axis supporting pipe 20 after being connected in series; each layer of the shearing disc single body is the same component; and the single body of the layer-1 shearing disc rotates clockwise by 90 degrees by taking the central line of the shaft center hole as a rotating shaft to obtain the position of the single body of the layer-2 shearing disc.
Secondly, a dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device is provided: the device comprises an axis supporting pipe 20, a flow control pressure plate 7, a compression spring 8, a control rack 9, a side connecting gear 10, a side gear connecting pin 11, a side conical gear 12, a side conical gear positioning pin 13, a central conical gear 14, a central gear connecting pin 15, a dynamic shearing sun gear 16, a dynamic shearing planet gear 17, a planet gear support 18, a ratchet type shearer 19, a top sleeve 21 and a top sleeve end cover 22.
The flow control pressure plate 7 comprises a flow control pressure plate beam 701, a pressure bearing plate 702, a reducing flow stabilizing plug 703, a flow control pressure plate sliding block 704, a compression spring upper positioning ring cavity 705 and a pressure bearing plate connecting ring 706; the axis of the reducing flow stabilizing plug 703 is provided with a through hole for matching with the 20 holes of the axis supporting pipe to realize axial sliding; the pressure-bearing sheets 702 are distributed along the circumference of the diameter-variable flow-stabilizing plug 703 and are used for connecting the diameter-variable flow-stabilizing plug 703 with the pressure-bearing sheet connecting ring 706; the reducing flow stabilizing plug 703 and the pressure bearing sheet connecting ring 706 are connected and fixed by a flow control pressure plate beam 701 to enhance the structural strength; one end face of the flow control pressure plate cross beam 701 is provided with a round hole for realizing threaded connection with a control rack 9, the overall appearance of the reducing flow stabilizing plug 703 is in a gyro shape, a flow control pressure plate sliding block 704 is arranged on the outer side of the pressure bearing plate connecting ring 706, and the flow control pressure plate sliding block 704 can slide in the top sleeve slide way 2101.
The lower end of the compression spring 8 is placed in a compression spring lower support ring cavity 2106 in the top sleeve 21 to fix and support the compression spring 8, the upper end of the compression spring 8 is in contact with a compression spring upper positioning ring cavity 705 to realize axial positioning of the compression spring 8, and then the pressure-bearing sheet 702 is impacted by the change of fluid pressure to ensure that the flow-control pressure plate 7 transmits acting force to the compression spring 8 to finally realize axial movement of the flow-control pressure plate 7; the cylindrical end of the control rack 9 is in threaded connection with the flow control pressure plate cross beam 701, and the rack end of the control rack 9 is meshed with the side connecting gear 10.
The side connecting gear 10 is matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft 2103, the side conical gear 12 is also matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft 2103, the side connecting gear 10 and the side conical gear 12 are connected through a side gear connecting pin 11 to realize synchronous rotation, and a side conical gear positioning pin 13 is in interference fit with the top sleeve convex shaft 2103 to realize axial positioning of the side conical gear 12; the central bevel gear 14 is matched with a bearing and is arranged on the axis supporting pipe 20, and the central bevel gear 14 is meshed with the side bevel gear 12 to rotate in a matching way.
The dynamic shearing sun gear 16 is matched with a corresponding bearing and installed on the axis supporting pipe 20, the central bevel gear 14 and the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 are connected through a central gear connecting pin 15 to achieve synchronous rotation, the dynamic shearing planet gear 17 surrounds the periphery of the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 and is connected with the spine type shearing device 19 through threads, the planet gear support 18 and the axis supporting pipe 20 are fixedly connected through threads, six bayonets are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the planet gear support 18, and the tail portion of the spine type shearing device 19 penetrates through a bayonet hole and then is fixedly connected with the dynamic shearing planet gear 17 through threads.
The axle center supporting tube 20 is fixedly connected with an end cover center hole 2201 at the upper end of the top sleeve end cover 22 through threads; the top sleeve end cap 22 is fixed to the top sleeve 21 by a screw thread connection.
The dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device is further improved:
the dynamic flow stabilizer also comprises a static viscosity reduction module; the static viscosity reduction module is positioned above the flow control pressure plate 7 and is fixed below the top sleeve liquid inlet 2104 in the top sleeve 21.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the beneficial effect is stated based on the further improved scheme of the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device.
Firstly, the device carries out mechanical shearing on the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase to reduce the viscosity of the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase, so that the device is beneficial to the subsequent separation of the water phase and the oil phase in the polymer-containing mixed liquid, and compared with the viscosity reduction by a chemical method, the mechanical viscosity reduction method is more efficient and greatly improves the economic applicability.
Secondly, the flow stabilizing module is arranged in the device, so that the flow of the mixed phase flowing through tends to be stable, and the problem that the mechanical viscosity reduction cannot be fully performed due to the fact that the flow rate is large because of overlarge flow is avoided. The mixed liquid of having avoided the high velocity of flow is to inside mechanical structure's damage, prolongs its service life, and this device is inside to use mechanical structure as leading more, and it can obtain guaranteeing when long when using.
Thirdly, the device adopts the gear and rack cooperation, adopts a planetary gear train to form a set of dynamic shearing viscosity reduction device, can rotate and shear under the condition of unstable flow, is more beneficial to shearing the unstable flow, and can also generate the viscosity reduction effect even if six thorn-shaped shears are arranged in a staggered manner under the condition of lower flow.
In addition, the device adopts the matching use of static viscosity reduction and dynamic viscosity reduction, the structure of the reducing flow stabilizing plug enables the reducing flow stabilizing plug to be matched with the necking in the top sleeve to achieve flow control, meanwhile, the rotation of the bottom ratchet-shaped shearer can be realized by means of the planetary gear train, and the viscosity reduction effect is improved.
In addition, this mechanical dynamic viscosity reduction device simple structure adopts threaded connection more on the connected mode, gear cooperation, the installation of being convenient for, and whole outward appearance is cylindricly, is fit for long and narrow space condition in the pit and uses.
In conclusion, the device disclosed by the invention utilizes the working principle of mechanical shearing to reduce the viscosity of the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed liquid, so that the viscosity of the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed liquid is reduced, and the subsequent oil-water separation of the polymer-containing water-oil mixed liquid is facilitated; this device adopts static viscosity reduction and the collocation mode of using of developments viscosity reduction, adopt cubic shearing action, make and contain polymer mixture viscosity greatly reduced, the novelty provide a reciprocating type developments viscosity reduction device, furthermore, the inside dynamic stationary flow shearing module that is equipped with of this device, this module can be according to the size of mixed liquid flow, the area of overflowing of mixed liquid independently changes, make on the one hand contain polymer mixture to obtain abundant shearing inside the viscosity reduction device, on the other hand makes the mixed phase flow of flowing through tend to stably, avoided leading to the velocity of flow great so that can not fully carry out mechanical viscosity reduction because of the flow is too big.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is an appearance diagram of the dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device.
FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device.
Fig. 3 is an overall explosion diagram of the dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device.
Fig. 4 is an appearance view of the static viscosity reduction module.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the static viscosity reduction module.
Fig. 6 is a view showing the structure of a shear disk.
Fig. 7 is a rear end view of the shear disk tandem.
Fig. 8 is an assembly view of a dynamic flow stabilizer shear module.
Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a dynamic flow stabilizing shear module.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a dynamic flow stabilizing shear module geared portion.
Fig. 11 is a working principle diagram of the dynamic steady flow shear module at low flow rate.
Fig. 12 is a working principle diagram of the dynamic steady flow shear module at high flow rate.
Fig. 13 is a top sleeve cross-sectional view.
FIG. 14 is an external view of a flow control platen.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a flow control platen.
Fig. 16 is an external view of the control rack.
Fig. 17 is an appearance view of the planet wheel carrier.
Fig. 18 is an external view of the ratchet type cutter.
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the outlet at the bottom end of the dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device.
In the figure, 1-a static viscosity reduction module, 2-a dynamic steady flow shearing module, 3-a shearing sheet, 4-a rotating shearing blade, 5-a shearing disc, 501-a shearing disc fixing hole, 502-a shearing cone, 503-a central hole, 6-a shearing fixing support, 601-a shearing fixing upright post, 7-a flow control pressure plate, 701-a flow control pressure plate cross beam, 702-a pressure bearing plate, 703-a reducing steady flow plug, 704-a flow control pressure plate slide block, 705-a positioning ring cavity on a compression spring, 706-a pressure bearing plate connecting ring, 8-a compression spring, 9-a control rack, 10-a side connecting gear, 11-a side gear connecting pin, 12-a side conical gear, 13-a side conical gear positioning pin, 14-a central conical gear and 15-a central gear connecting pin, 16-dynamic shearing sun wheel, 17-dynamic shearing planet wheel. 18-planet wheel support, 19-ratchet type cutter, 1901-X type cutting piece, 20-axis supporting tube, 2001-axis supporting boss, 21-top sleeve, 2101-top sleeve slide way, 2102-top sleeve necking, 2103-top sleeve convex shaft, 2104-top sleeve liquid inlet, 2105-top sleeve side through hole, 2106-compression spring lower supporting ring cavity, 22-top sleeve end cover and 2201-end cover central hole.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in summary: the static viscosity reduction module comprises a shear blade, a rotary shear blade, a shear disc and a shear fixing support. The shearing sheet utilizes a surface special structure to shear and reduce viscosity of polymer-containing mixed liquid particles, a sleeve in the middle of the shearing sheet is fixedly connected with an axis supporting pipe through threads, the rotary shearing blade is a rotating piece, six arc-shaped blades are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the sleeve in the middle of the rotary shearing blade, the sleeve in the middle of the rotary shearing blade is matched with a bearing through a set screw, and the bearing is arranged on the axis supporting pipe; the shearing disc is of a disc-shaped structure, a rectangular array hole groove is formed in the middle of the shearing disc, a pair of shearing cones are arranged on opposite wall surfaces of the inner side of the hole groove, and a central hole of the structure is connected to the axis supporting pipe in a threaded mode so that the shearing disc is fixed; the shearing fixed support of the internal structure of the shearing fixed support is matched with the fixed hole of the internal structure of the shearing disc to be fixed, and a stepped shaft shoulder is arranged at the position of the shaft center supporting pipe corresponding to the position between the rotary shearing blade and the shearing disc, so that the axial positioning of the rotary shearing blade and the shearing sheet can be realized.
The dynamic steady flow shearing module comprises a flow control pressure plate, a compression spring, a control rack, a side connecting gear, a side gear connecting pin, a side conical gear positioning pin, a central conical gear, a central gear connecting pin, a dynamic shearing sun gear, a dynamic shearing planet gear, a planet gear support, a ratchet type shearer, an axis supporting pipe, a top sleeve and a top sleeve end cover.
The integral appearance of the flow control pressure plate is in a gyroscope shape, the main structure of the flow control pressure plate is provided with a flow control pressure plate cross beam, a pressure bearing sheet, a reducing flow stabilizing plug, a flow control pressure plate sliding block, a positioning ring cavity on a compression spring and a pressure bearing sheet connecting ring, the axis of the flow control pressure plate is provided with a through hole matched with an axis supporting pipe hole to realize axial sliding, the reducing flow stabilizing plug is connected with the pressure bearing sheet connecting ring through a plurality of pressure bearing sheets distributed circumferentially, meanwhile, the reducing flow stabilizing plug and the pressure bearing sheet connecting ring are connected and fixed by the flow control pressure plate cross beam to enhance the structural strength, one end face of the flow control pressure plate cross beam is provided with a round hole for realizing threaded connection with a control rack, the reducing flow stabilizing plug is in a gyroscope shape, the flow control pressure plate sliding block is arranged on the outer side of the flow control pressure plate, and the sliding block slides in a top sleeve slide way; the lower end of the compression spring is placed in a lower support ring cavity of a compression spring of an internal structure of the top sleeve to fix and support the compression spring, the upper end of the compression spring is in contact with an upper positioning ring cavity of the compression spring of the internal structure of the flow control pressure plate to realize axial positioning of the compression spring, and the flow control pressure plate transmits acting force to the compression spring through impact of change of fluid pressure on the pressure bearing plate to finally realize axial movement of the flow control pressure plate; the cylindrical end of the control rack is in threaded connection with a cross beam of the flow control pressure plate, and the rack end of the control rack is meshed with the side connecting gear;
the side connecting gear is matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft, the side conical gear is matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft, the side connecting gear and the side conical gear are connected through a side gear connecting pin to realize synchronous rotation, and a side conical gear positioning pin is in interference fit with a hole in the top sleeve convex shaft to realize axial positioning of the side conical gear. The central conical gear is matched with the bearing and is arranged on the axis supporting pipe, and the central conical gear is meshed with the side conical gear for matching rotation.
The dynamic shearing sun gear is matched with a corresponding bearing and installed on the axis supporting pipe, the central conical gear is connected with the dynamic shearing sun gear through a central gear connecting pin to realize synchronous rotation, the dynamic shearing planet gear surrounds the dynamic shearing sun gear and is connected with the spine type shearing device through threads, the planet gear support is fixed with the axis supporting pipe through threads, six bayonets are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the planet gear support, and the tail of the spine type shearing device penetrates through a bayonet hole of the spine type shearing device and then is fixed with the dynamic shearing planet gear through threads. The axis supporting pipe is fixedly connected with the center hole of the end cover at the upper end of the top sleeve end cover through threads. The top sleeve end cover is fixedly connected with the top sleeve through threads.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the overall appearance diagram of the dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device is shown in fig. 1, and a high polymer oil-water-containing mixed phase enters a liquid inlet 2104 of a top sleeve through a down-hole sleeve and flows into the dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device, and flows through an internal static viscosity reduction module 1 and a dynamic steady-flow shearing module 2, so that the viscosity of a polymer oil-water-containing mixed phase medium is reduced. Fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the dynamic steady-flow mechanical viscosity reduction device, a high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase enters the inside of the top sleeve 21 through a top sleeve liquid inlet 2104, the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase flows through the static viscosity reduction module 1, the viscosity of the high polymer-containing water-oil mixed phase is reduced through a shearing action, a mixed liquid after viscosity reduction flows through the dynamic steady-flow shearing module 2, the flow area of the mixed phase flowing through the dynamic steady-flow shearing module 2 can be automatically adjusted according to the flow, the flow of the mixed phase flowing through the dynamic steady-flow shearing module 2 tends to be stable, the influence on the oil drop coalescence effect and the oil-water separation efficiency rate due to the change of the flow rate is avoided, and meanwhile, the continuously-changing liquid inlet flow enables the thorn-shaped shears 19 inside the dynamic steady-flow shearing module 2 to repeatedly rotate clockwise and rely on strong shearing force to reduce the viscosity of the mixed phase. The overall explosion diagram of the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device is shown in fig. 3, and the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device mainly comprises a static viscosity reduction module 1, a dynamic steady flow shearing module 2 and a top sleeve 21.
Fig. 4 is an external view of the static viscosity reduction module 1, and fig. 5 is an exploded view of the static viscosity reduction module 1. The shearing device mainly comprises a shearing sheet 3, a rotary shearing blade 4, a shearing disc 5 and a shearing fixed support 6. The operating principle is that the polymer-containing mixed liquid flows through the shearing sheet 3 and the blades to be sheared, the rotating shearing blades 4 rotate and shear the polymer-containing mixed liquid, the polymer-containing mixed liquid flows through the shearing disc 5 to be sheared finally, the viscosity of the polymer-containing mixed liquid is obviously reduced after the polymer-containing mixed liquid is subjected to shearing action, and the mixed liquid after viscosity reduction is easy to carry out oil drop coalescence and cyclone separation. FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a shearing disk 5, wherein a rectangular array hole slot is formed on the surface of the shearing disk 5, a pair of shearing cones 502 are formed on opposite wall surfaces of the inner side of each rectangular array hole, the shearing cones 502 are key parts for shearing action, a through hole is formed in the axis of a shearing part of a main body of the shearing disk 5 and is used for being in threaded connection with an axis supporting pipe 20 so as to fix the shearing disk 5, 3 shearing disk fixing holes 501 are equidistantly distributed on the periphery of the shearing disk 5, the shearing disk fixing holes 501 are matched with holes of a shearing fixing upright post 601 so that a shearing fixing support 6 is supported by the shearing disk 5, multiple layers of shearing disks 5 are serially connected and assembled to the axis supporting pipe 20 so as to improve the shearing efficiency, meanwhile, each layer of shearing disks 5 are the same components, the upper left corner is a top view of 1 layer of the shearing disk 5, the upper right corner is a three-dimensional view of 1 layer of the shearing disk 5, the lower left corner is a top view of the 2-layer shearing disk 5, and the lower right corner is a three-dimensional view of the 2-layer of the shearing disk 5, the 1 st layer of shearing disc 5 is rotated clockwise by 90 degrees by taking an axial center hole 503 as a rotating shaft to obtain a 2 nd layer of shearing disc 5, and it can be clearly seen that the 1 st layer of shearing disc is the same as the 2 nd layer of shearing disc 5 in structure but the arrangement mode is not used, the 1 st layer of shearing cone 502 is distributed in a left-right symmetrical mode, and the 2 nd layer of shearing cone 502 is distributed in a front-back symmetrical mode; fig. 7 is a rear end view of the tandem arrangement of 2-layer shear discs 5, with a plurality of shear discs 5 arranged in tandem in the following order: the 1 st layer of shear disk 5 is screwed into the axis supporting pipe 20 to be fixed, then the central hole 503 of the internal structure of the 2 nd layer of shear disk 5 is made to pass through the axis supporting pipe 20 while keeping the same end view with the 1 st layer of shear disk 5, at this time, the layer of shear disk 5 is screwed into the axis supporting pipe 20 to be fixed after rotating 90 degrees by taking the axis of the axis hole 503 as the axis, so as to ensure that each layer of shear cone 502 of the internal structure of the assembled shear disk 5 is distributed in a crossing state, and fig. 7 is a view of the end face of the shear disk after being connected in series, which is obviously compared with the view before being connected in series in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a dynamic steady flow shearing module assembly drawing, contains the flow of the mixed liquid of polymer water top-down, and the mixed liquid strikes the pressure disk 7 that flows, and pressure disk 7 extrusion compression spring 8 that flows drives control rack 9 downstream is controlled rack 9 and is driven the clockwise rotation of side connection gear 10 to control rack 9, and side connection gear 10 drives side conical gear 12 and rotates, and then drives dynamic shear sun gear 16, dynamic shear planet wheel 17 and spine type shears 19 and rotate, and then realizes the effect of mechanical viscosity reduction. Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a dynamic steady-flow shearing module, which mainly comprises a flow control pressure plate 7, a compression spring 8, a control rack 9, a side connecting gear 10, a side gear connecting pin 11, a side conical gear 12, a side conical gear positioning pin 13, a central bevel gear 14, a central gear connecting pin 15, a dynamic shearing sun gear 16, a dynamic shearing planet gear 17, a planet gear support 18, a ratchet-type shearer 19, an axis supporting pipe 20 and a top sleeve 21.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the gear transmission part of the dynamic steady flow shearing module 2, as shown in fig. 10, a flow control pressure plate slider 704 on the outer side of the flow control pressure plate 7 is matched with a top sleeve slide channel 2101 (see fig. 13 in detail) on the inner wall of a top sleeve 21 so that the flow control pressure plate 7 moves along the slide channel in the top sleeve 21, when the flow rate in the dynamic steady flow mechanical viscosity reduction device is increased sharply, hydraulic irregular change caused by unstable flow impacts a flow control pressure plate bearing plate 702, so that the flow control pressure plate 7 reciprocates under the reaction force of a compression spring 8, a control rack 9 is screwed into a threaded hole on one end face of a flow control pressure plate beam 701, and the control rack 9 penetrates through a top sleeve side through hole 2105, so that the reciprocating motion of the flow control pressure plate 7 drives the control rack 9 to reciprocate, the control rack 9 is in gear-rack fit with a side connecting gear 10, and the up-and down reciprocating motion of the control rack 9 is converted into a rotating motion of the side connecting gear 10, the side gear connecting pin 11 is used as a transmission piece between the side connecting gear 10 and the side bevel gear 12, the rotary motion of the side connecting gear 10 is transmitted to the side bevel gear 12 to enable the side bevel gear 12 to rotate, the side bevel gear 12 and the central bevel gear 14 form a bevel gear transmission meshing mechanism, the radial rotary motion of the side bevel gear 12 is converted into the axial rotary motion of the central bevel gear 14, the central gear connecting pin 15 connects the central bevel gear 14 and the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 together, 6 dynamic shearing planet gears 17 and the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 form a planet gear mechanism, the dynamic shearing planet gears 17 are fixed on a planet gear support 18, the inner wall of a central hole in the planet gear support 18 is connected to the outer wall surface of the axis supporting pipe 20 through threads, and therefore the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 rotates to drive the peripheral dynamic shearing planet gears 17 to rotate, the top of the ratchet-shaped cutter 19 is in threaded connection with a central hole in the dynamic shearing planet wheel 17, so that the ratchet-shaped cutter 19 rotates around the axis of the dynamic shearing planet wheel 17, fluid flows through an X-shaped shearing sheet 1901 on the cutter to play a shearing role, and the fluid is subjected to rotary shearing along with the reciprocating rotation of the ratchet-shaped cutter 19. Meanwhile, when the flow velocity in the dynamic flow stabilization mechanical viscosity reduction device is increased sharply, the flow pressure is too high, so that the flow pressure impacts the pressure control pressure plate bearing sheet 702, the flow control pressure plate 7 still moves downwards under the reverse elasticity of the compression spring 8, the distance between the variable-diameter flow stabilizing plug 703 on the flow control pressure plate 7 and the top sleeve necking 2102 is reduced, the pore size of the variable-diameter flow stabilizing plug is reduced, the flow area of the fluid is reduced, and the flow tends to be stable.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the dynamic steady flow shearing module at low flow rate, in this state, the flow rate of the mixed liquid is low, at this time, the compression spring 8 is in the position shown in the figure, after the mixed liquid flows through the flow control pressure plate 7, the mixed liquid flows in through the top sleeve necking 2102, because of the low flow rate, the mixed liquid is not enough to drive the flow control pressure plate 7 to overcome the elastic resistance of the compression spring, the dynamic steady flow shearing module hardly moves, and after the mixed liquid flows through the top sleeve necking 2102, the viscosity of the high-viscosity polymer-containing mixed liquid is reduced under the static shearing action of the ratchet-shaped shear 19.
Fig. 12 is a working principle diagram of the dynamic steady flow shearing module at a high flow rate, in this state, the flow rate of the mixed liquid is high, and at this time, the compression spring 8 is in the position shown in the figure, because the flow rate is high, the mixed liquid impacts the bearing plate 702 on the flow control pressure plate 7, so that the flow control pressure plate 7 slides downwards, the variable diameter steady flow plug 703 on the flow control pressure plate 7 approaches to the top sleeve necking neck 2102, so that the flow passing area of the mixed liquid is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of steady flow, while the high flow mixed liquid impacts the flow control pressure plate 7 to move downwards, the flow control pressure plate 7 drives the control rack 9 to move downwards, the control rack 9 is matched with the side connecting gear 10, so as to drive the side connecting gear 10 to rotate clockwise, the side conical gear 12 is connected with the side connecting gear 10 through the side gear connecting pin 11 to rotate clockwise, the side conical gear 12 is matched with the central bevel gear 14, the central conical gear 14 is driven to rotate clockwise, the dynamic shearing sun gear 16 is driven to rotate at the same time, the dynamic shearing planet gear 17 is driven to rotate by the central gear connecting pin 15, and then the ratchet-type shears 19 are driven to rotate, so that the viscosity of the high-viscosity mixed liquid is reduced after dynamic shearing.
Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the top sleeve, a flow control pressure plate slider 704 of the internal structure of the flow control pressure plate 7 slides in a top sleeve slideway 2101, a variable diameter flow stabilizer plug 703 of the internal structure of the flow control pressure plate 7 and a top sleeve necking 2102 cooperate with each other to control the amount of liquid inlet, the top sleeve necking 2102 is a fixed end, the variable diameter flow stabilizer plug 703 is a moving end, when the liquid inlet amount is large, the reducing flow stabilizing plug 703 gradually draws close to the top sleeve necking 2102 to reduce the effective flow passage area between the reducing flow passage area and the reducing flow passage area, the top sleeve convex shaft 2103 is simultaneously in hole matching with the side connecting gear 10, the side conical gear 12 and the side conical gear positioning pin 13, meanwhile, the side conical gear positioning pin 13 plays a role in axially positioning the side conical gear 12, a polymer-containing multi-phase mixed medium enters the dynamic flow stabilizing mechanical viscosity reduction device through the top sleeve liquid inlet 2104, and the control rack 9 penetrates through the top sleeve side through hole 2105 to realize up-and-down reciprocating motion.
Fig. 14 and 15 are an external view and a sectional view of the flow control platen 7, respectively. Fig. 16 is an external view of the control rack 9. Fig. 17 is an external view of the planet carrier 18. Fig. 18 is an external view of the ratchet type cutter 19. Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a bottom outlet of the dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity reduction device, a spine-type cutter 19 penetrates through a planet wheel support 18 and then is fixed with a dynamic shearing planet wheel 17, the planet wheel support 18 is fixed on an axis supporting pipe 20 in a threaded manner to support the spine-type cutter 19 in space, the dynamic shearing planet wheel 17 and the dynamic shearing sun wheel 16 form a surrounding planet gear train, and when the dynamic shearing sun wheel 16 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise in a staggered manner, the dynamic shearing planet wheel 17 can drive the spine-type cutter 19 to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise correspondingly, so that an X-type shearing sheet 1901 on the spine-type cutter 19 continuously shears a mixed phase medium, and further viscosity is reduced.
The device firstly carries out static shearing through a static viscosity reduction module to realize the purpose of primary viscosity reduction, then further carries out high-strength viscosity reduction through a dynamic steady flow shearing module, a variable-diameter steady flow plug inside the dynamic steady flow shearing module is matched with a necking in a top sleeve to achieve flow control, and the overflowing area of a mixed solution is automatically changed according to the treatment capacity, so that the polymer-containing mixed solution is fully sheared inside the viscosity reduction device on one hand, the flow of the mixed solution flowing through the viscosity reduction device tends to be stable on the other hand, and the problem that mechanical viscosity reduction cannot be fully carried out due to large flow velocity caused by overlarge flow is avoided; by applying the gear rack mechanism and the gear train mechanism, the rotation of the bottom ratchet-shaped shears is realized by means of the planetary gear train, and the shearing efficiency of the high polymer-containing mixed phase is improved.
The viscosity reduction structure of sound collocation that this kind of device adopted can the effectual reduction highly contain the viscosity of gathering mixed liquid, and the device has good application prospect to reducing the oil field and highly gathering mixed phase viscosity reduction under the operating mode in the pit.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a static viscosity reduction module, includes shearing fixing support (6), its characterized in that:
the static viscosity reduction module also comprises a shear blade (3), a rotary shear blade (4), a shear disc (5) and an axis supporting pipe (20);
the shearing sheet (3) comprises a middle sleeve and a plurality of bent thin steel sheets fixed on the middle sleeve, the shearing sheet utilizes the plurality of bent thin steel sheets to shear and reduce the viscosity of polymer-containing mixed liquid particles, and the middle sleeve of the shearing sheet (3) is fixedly connected with the axis supporting pipe (20) through threads;
the rotary shearing blade (4) is a rotary piece and comprises a middle sleeve and arc-shaped blades uniformly distributed around the middle sleeve; the middle sleeve of the rotary shearing blade (4) is matched with a bearing through a set screw, and the bearing is arranged on the axis supporting pipe (20);
the shearing disc (5) is of a disc-shaped structure, the middle part of the shearing disc is provided with hole grooves in a rectangular array shape, a pair of shearing cones (502) are arranged on opposite wall surfaces of the inner side of each hole groove, the outer edge of the shearing disc (5) is provided with an internal structure fixing hole (501), and a central hole of the shearing disc (5) is in threaded connection with the axis supporting pipe (20) so that the shearing disc (5) is fixed;
the shearing fixing upright post (601) of the internal structure of the shearing fixing support (6) is matched with the shearing disc fixing hole (501) of the internal structure of the shearing disc (5) to fix the shearing fixing upright post and the shearing disc fixing hole, so that the shearing fixing support (6) is fixed on the shearing disc (5);
and a stepped shaft shoulder is arranged on the axis supporting pipe (20) at a position corresponding to the position between the rotary shearing blade (4) and the shearing disc (5) and is used for realizing the axial positioning of the rotary shearing blade (4) and the shearing disc (5).
2. The static viscosity reduction module of claim 1, wherein: the shearing disc (5) is formed by assembling at least 2 layers of shearing disc monomers on the axis supporting pipe (20) after being connected in series; each layer of the shearing disc monomer is the same component; and the single body of the layer-1 shearing disc rotates clockwise by 90 degrees by taking the central line of the shaft center hole as a rotating shaft to obtain the position of the single body of the layer-2 shearing disc.
3. The utility model provides a dynamic stationary flow machinery viscosity reduction device, includes axle center supporting tube (20), its characterized in that:
the dynamic flow stabilizer also comprises a flow control pressure plate (7), a compression spring (8), a control rack (9), a side connecting gear (10), a side gear connecting pin (11), a side conical gear (12), a side conical gear positioning pin (13), a central conical gear (14), a central gear connecting pin (15), a dynamic shearing sun gear (16), a dynamic shearing planet gear (17), a planet gear support (18), a ratchet-type shearer (19), a top sleeve (21) and a top sleeve end cover (22);
the flow control pressure plate (7) comprises a flow control pressure plate cross beam (701), a pressure bearing sheet (702), a reducing flow stabilizing plug (703), a flow control pressure plate sliding block (704), a compression spring upper positioning ring cavity (705) and a pressure bearing sheet connecting ring (706); a through hole is formed in the axis of the reducing flow stabilizing plug (703) and is used for being matched with a hole of the axis supporting pipe (20) to realize axial sliding; the pressure-bearing sheets (702) are distributed along the circumference of the reducing flow-stabilizing plug (703) and are used for connecting the reducing flow-stabilizing plug (703) with the pressure-bearing sheet connecting ring (706); the reducing flow stabilizing plug (703) and the pressure bearing sheet connecting ring (706) are fixedly connected through a flow control pressure plate cross beam (701) to enhance the structural strength; one end face of the flow control pressure plate cross beam (701) is provided with a round hole for realizing threaded connection with a control rack (9), the overall appearance of the reducing flow stabilization plug (703) is in a gyro shape, the outer side of the pressure bearing sheet connecting ring (706) is provided with a flow control pressure plate sliding block (704), and the flow control pressure plate sliding block can slide in the top sleeve slide way (2101);
the lower end of the compression spring (8) is placed in a lower compression spring supporting ring cavity (2106) in the top sleeve (21) and used for fixing and supporting the compression spring (8), the upper end of the compression spring (8) is in contact with an upper compression spring positioning ring cavity (705), so that the compression spring (8) is axially positioned, and then the pressure bearing sheet (702) is impacted by the change of fluid pressure, so that the flow control pressure plate (7) transmits acting force to the compression spring (8) to finally realize the axial movement of the flow control pressure plate (7); the cylindrical end of the control rack (9) is in threaded connection with the flow control pressure plate cross beam (701), and the rack end of the control rack (9) is meshed with the side connecting gear (10);
the side connecting gear (10) is matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft (2103), the side conical gear (12) is also matched with a corresponding bearing and sleeved on the top sleeve convex shaft (2103), the side connecting gear (10) and the side conical gear (12) are connected through a side gear connecting pin (11) to realize synchronous rotation, and a side conical gear positioning pin (13) is in interference fit with the top sleeve convex shaft (2103) to realize axial positioning of the side conical gear (12); the central conical gear (14) is matched with the bearing and is arranged on the axis supporting pipe (20), and the central conical gear (14) is meshed with the side conical gear (12) to rotate in a matched manner;
the dynamic shearing sun gear (16) is matched with a corresponding bearing and installed on the axis supporting pipe (20), the central conical gear (14) and the dynamic shearing sun gear (16) are connected through a central gear connecting pin (15) to achieve synchronous rotation, the dynamic shearing planet gear (17) surrounds the periphery of the dynamic shearing sun gear (16) and is connected with the ratchet type shearing device (19) through threads, the planet gear support (18) is fixedly connected with the axis supporting pipe (20) through threads, six bayonets are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the planet gear support (18), and the tail of the ratchet type shearing device (19) penetrates through a bayonet through hole and is then fixedly connected with the dynamic shearing planet gear (17) through threads;
the axis supporting pipe (20) is fixedly connected with an end cover central hole (2201) at the upper end of a top sleeve end cover (22) through threads;
the top sleeve end cover (22) is fixedly connected with the top sleeve (21) through threads.
4. The dynamic flow-stabilizing mechanical viscosity-reducing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dynamic flow stabilizer further comprises the static viscosity reduction module of claim 1 or 2; the static viscosity reduction module is positioned above the flow control pressure plate (7) and fixed below a top sleeve liquid inlet (2104) in the top sleeve (21).
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