CN114776236A

CN114776236A - Outburst coal seam shield protection pressure relief drilling tool and hole external sealing slag tapping system

Info

Publication number: CN114776236A
Application number: CN202210249463.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙玉宁; 李延河; 丁立培; 张海庆; 宋维宾; 陈建忠; 马建宏; 孙志东
Original assignee: Henan University of Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-06-13
Filing date: 2022-06-13
Publication date: 2022-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield protection pressure relief drilling tool for a protruded coal seam and an out-hole closed slag discharging system, wherein the drilling tool consists of a plurality of sieve pore drilling rods, a transition drilling rod and a plug-in type drill bit, the sieve pore drilling rods and the transition drilling rod consist of different special-shaped outer pipes, inner pipes and conical hole laths, the axial space between the outer pipes and the inner pipes is a flow supply channel of the drilling tool, the central hole of the inner pipe is an inner slag discharging channel of the drilling tool, slag discharging sieve pores are arranged in axial grooves of the special-shaped outer pipes and are communicated with the inner slag discharging channel, the conical hole laths are welded in the axial grooves of the special-shaped outer pipes and enable the conical holes to be coaxially compared with the slag discharging sieve pores, male buckles and female buckles are arranged at two ends of the sieve pore drilling rods, a female buckle connected with the male buckle of the sieve pore drilling rod is arranged at one end of the transition drilling rod, and a plug-in port connected with the plug-in type drill bit is arranged at the other end of the transition drilling rod; the hole external sealing slag discharging system comprises a sliding sealing pipe arranged in an inner cavity of a hole external sieve pore drill rod, a hole sealing pipe moving device arranged at a hole opening and a hollow slag discharging water (wind) tail connected to the tail part of the drill rod.

Description

Outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool and hole external sealing slag tapping system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of outburst coal seam gas extraction drilling, in particular to a drilling and hydraulic hole making permeability increasing technology for outburst coal seam gas extraction drill holes, and particularly relates to a shield pressure relief drilling tool and a hole external closed slag tapping system for outburst coal seams.

Background

Drilling rods used in the construction of gas extraction drilling holes of the existing outburst coal seam are mostly groove drilling rods, rib drilling rods, triangular groove drilling rods and triangular drilling rods, wherein patent applications of the first three drilling rods are the same as the applicant, namely the university of Henan's rational engineers, and the patent numbers are ZL200610111830.7, ZL200920088879.4 and ZL200910064973.0 respectively. The drill rods have the common characteristic that air flow, water flow or air-water linkage is adopted for deslagging, an annular space between the outer surface of each drill rod and the wall of a drill hole is a deslagging channel, and the deslagging channel is arranged outside the outer wall of each drill rod and is called as a deslagging channel. On one hand, because dynamic phenomena such as coal blasts in holes and the like generally occur in the drilling process of the outburst coal seam, the wall of a drilling hole is easy to collapse and collapse, so that a slag discharge channel is easy to block, slag discharge is not smooth, and the drilling depth of the outburst coal seam is difficult to guarantee due to the blockage of the slag discharge channel, which is a main reason that the outburst coal seam is forced to adopt a bottom plate rock roadway and drill holes through layers; on the other hand, the outer slag discharge channel needs to have enough geometric space, the diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit by more than 20mm, the disturbance space of the drill rod is too large, so that the drill hole is seriously deviated, the deviation distance of the hundred-meter drill hole is as high as 15-20 m, the drill hole is too early to deviate from a coal seam roof or a coal seam floor, the drilling depth is limited, and the probability of broken drill is increased.

Aiming at the problems of blockage of an external slag discharge channel, limited drilling depth and serious drilling deflection of the existing drill rod, the applicant and the university of Henan's science and engineering propose a basic concept of shield pressure-relief drilling, and the basic characteristic is that a sieve pore drill rod is adopted, and an internal slag discharge channel is adopted in the drill rod. The inner slag discharging channels are divided into two types, namely an annular inner slag discharging channel and a central circular inner slag discharging channel, and the corresponding flow supply modes are central flow supply and circumferential flow supply respectively.

The applicant has applied for a shield pressure relief drill rod of 4 structures in succession for a shield pressure relief drill rod of a central inner slag discharge channel with circumferential flow supply, comprising: application No. CN202111237232.5, a spiral drill rod for outburst coal seam circumferential flow supply shield pressure relief sieve holes; the application number is CN202111152968.2, a protruded coal seam corner flow supply hole protection pressure relief sieve pore arc edge drill rod; application number CN202110903532.6, a protruded coal seam large-drift-diameter circumferential flow supply shield pressure relief sieve pore drill rod; application number CN2021110726041.9, a pressure-relief mesh drill rod for flow supply and hole protection of the circumference of a protruding coal seam. The common thinking of these applications is: utilize double-walled sieve mesh drilling rod to form the confession of drilling tool between the double-walled of double-walled drilling rod and flow the passageway, the sediment passageway is arranged in the centre bore formation drilling tool of double-walled drilling rod, radially set up a plurality of confession of avoiding at the double-walled drilling rod and flow the passageway and with the interior sediment discharge sieve mesh of sediment passageway intercommunication, the diameter of double-walled sieve mesh drilling rod equals or slightly is less than the diameter of drill bit, gives four functions of drilling rod from this: first, the shield function: the drilling rod shield is used for protecting the drilling hole, so that excessive hole collapse of the drilling hole is restrained, and the hole forming quality is improved; secondly, a pressure relief function: the pressure of the drill hole wall on the drill rod is timely relieved by using the slag discharging sieve holes on the drill rod; thirdly, straightening function: the diameter of the drill rod is equal to or slightly smaller than that of the drill bit, so that the disturbance space of the drill rod is limited, and the straightness of the drilled hole is improved; fourthly, the internal slag discharging function: the inner slag discharging channel replaces the outer slag discharging channel, and the hole opening does not discharge slag any more, so that whether the inner slag discharging channel is blocked or not is in a relation with the collapsed hole and the coal gun.

The basic concept of the drill rod around shield protection pressure relief drilling provides feasible solutions of different combined structures, but some common problems and associated problems to be further solved still exist: firstly, the slag discharging sieve holes are difficult to process, the inverted-cone-shaped slag discharging sieve holes are high in slag discharging efficiency, but are extremely low in processing efficiency and extremely high in processing cost, the large-scale production and the production cost are not facilitated to be reduced, the slag discharging efficiency of the inverted-step-shaped slag discharging sieve holes is not ideal, the slag discharging sieve holes with different diameters are required to be processed on the outer pipe and the inner pipe respectively, and the large-scale production is also not facilitated to be carried out; secondly, no technical way for the coal slag generated by the drilling of the drill bit to enter an inner slag discharge channel of the sieve pore drill rod is given, namely no special matching between the drill bit and the drill rod is given; thirdly, a technical way for discharging the coal cinder in the cinder discharging channel in the sieve pore drill rod out of the drill rod is not provided, namely a cinder discharging system out of the sieve pore drill rod is not provided.

Aiming at the problems, the invention works in four aspects: firstly, the tapered hole plate strips are introduced, so that the problems of difficult processing, low processing efficiency and high processing cost of inverted cone-shaped sieve pores and inverted step sieve pores are solved, the processing cost of the sieve pores is greatly simplified on the premise of ensuring the slag feeding efficiency of the sieve pores, and the processing efficiency of the sieve pores is improved; thirdly, a method of a transition drill rod is introduced, so that the problem that the coal slag of the drill bit enters the sieve pores and the inner discharge channel is solved; thirdly, aiming at the hollow structure of the shield pressure relief drilling tool, a hollow high-low pressure change-over valve is designed, so that the drilling tool has the function of hydraulic hole making in the process of withdrawing the drilling tool; fourthly, aiming at the shield pressure relief drilling tool, a pointed hole external closed slag discharging system is designed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a shield pressure relief drilling tool for a outburst coal seam and an out-hole closed slag discharging system, aiming at improving the drilling depth, the drilling straightness and the hole forming quality of the coal seam of the outburst coal seam and solving the problem of drilling and spraying holes in the coal seam of the outburst coal seam.

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose is as follows:

outstanding coal seam shield protects release drilling tool, including many sieve mesh drilling rods, a transition drilling rod and the plug-in type drill bit that connect gradually, adopt the screw thread to be connected between sieve mesh drilling rod and the sieve mesh drilling rod, adopt the screw thread to be connected between sieve mesh drilling rod and the transition drilling rod, adopt the plug-in type to be connected between transition drilling rod and the plug-in type drill bit. The central inner hole of the outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool is an inner slag discharge channel, the axial space between the double walls of the outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool is a flow supply channel of the drilling tool, and a large number of slag discharge sieve holes avoiding the flow supply channel are radially arranged on the drilling rod.

Further, the sieve pore drill rod comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and a taper hole lath, the outer pipe is a special-shaped outer pipe, an axial groove is formed in the outer surface of the special-shaped outer pipe, an axial protrusion corresponding to the axial groove is formed in the inner hole of the special-shaped outer pipe, and the number of the axial grooves and the axial protrusions is two or three; the inner pipe is a circular pipe, and the central hole of the inner pipe is an inner slag discharge channel of the sieve pore drill rod; the special-shaped outer pipe and the inner pipe are embedded and matched in a sealing mode, the axial protrusion is installed in contact with the inner pipe, and the taper hole plate strip is installed in the axial groove; a plurality of slag discharging sieve pores communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are arranged in the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe; the taper hole lath is provided with taper holes with the same quantity as the slag discharge sieve holes in the axial grooves, and the taper holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in a pair of coaxial contrast. The axial direction of the sieve pore drill rod is provided with a flow supply channel and an inner slag discharge channel, and the flow supply direction is opposite to the slag discharge direction; a large number of slag discharging sieve holes are formed in the radial direction of the sieve hole drill rod and are communicated with the inner slag discharging channel but not communicated with the flow supply channel, so that the special-shaped outer pipe and the inner pipe need to be in embedded sealing fit, and the contact surface of the special-shaped outer pipe and the contact surface of the inner pipe are kept sealed by the processes of hot fitting fit, dipping seal and the like.

Further, two ends of the special-shaped outer pipe of the sieve pore drill rod are converted into a thick-wall round pipe through an extrusion forming or friction welding joint adding method, and a male buckle and a female buckle for connecting the adjacent special-shaped outer pipes are processed on the thick-wall round pipe; the spiral groove is arranged on the outer arc surface of the special-shaped outer pipe, the size and the shape of the spiral groove are not limited, and the spiral groove has the function of increasing the pressure relief function and the temperature reduction function of the sieve mesh drill rod. For an extremely soft outburst coal seam, the spiral groove is not formed in the outer arc surface of the special-shaped outer pipe, the pressure relief function of the drill rod is weakened, but the shield function of the drill rod is added, and the protection scope of the invention is also included. The wear resistance of the drill rod is improved and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged by applying processes such as spraying wear-resistant materials on the surface of the sieve pore drill rod, and the like, and the invention also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

Further, the diameter of the slag discharging sieve hole of the sieve hole drill rod is smaller than one third of the diameter of the inner pipe; the small diameter of the taper hole on the taper hole lath is smaller than the diameter of the slag discharge sieve pore, and the large diameter of the taper hole on the taper hole lath is equal to the diameter of the slag discharge sieve pore; the thickness of the taper hole lath is smaller than the difference between the depth of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe and the depth of the spiral groove. After welding the conical-bore strip, the conical-bore strip is still at the lowest position on the outer surface of the screen hole rod for slag accumulation and slag discharge. The method adopts a sieve pore orifice extrusion method, a sieve pore orifice overlaying method, a single-piece taper hole welding method, a water jet cutter or laser inverted taper hole cutting method, an inverted taper hole counter boring processing method and the like, so that the diameter of a slag inlet of a slag discharge sieve orifice is smaller than that of a slag outlet, and the method also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

In order to increase the function of rubbing and crushing the slag on the coal-facing surface of the tapered-hole lath, methods such as indentation, wear-resistant particle spraying and the like can be implemented on the tapered-hole lath, the tapered-hole lath can also be made of wear-resistant steel or powder metallurgy materials, the tapered hole can be punched or drilled, and the like, and similar related auxiliary technologies are also in the protection scope of the invention. The radial straight-hole slag discharge sieve pore is most convenient to process, and if the slag discharge sieve pore is processed into an inclined hole, the slag discharge of the slag discharge sieve pore is more convenient, and the invention also belongs to the protection scope of the invention. When the diameter of the radial slag discharging sieve pores is about 1.5 times of the depth of the slag discharging sieve pores, the slag discharging sieve pores are not easy to block, and under the condition that the geometric dimension, the strength and other factors of the sieve pore drill rod permit, the slag discharging sieve pores with the diameter being greater than about 1.5 times of the depth can be designed, and the taper hole lath can be eliminated under the condition.

Further, the sieve pore drill rod comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe which are inserted and matched, the inner pipe is a circular pipe, and a central hole of the inner pipe is an inner slag discharging channel of the sieve pore drill rod; the outer pipe is a hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe formed by a hot-twisting method in a constraint state, a large-pitch spiral groove is formed in the outer surface of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe, a large-pitch arc-surface bulge corresponding to the large-pitch spiral groove is formed in an inner hole of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe, the large-pitch arc-surface bulge of the inner hole of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe is matched with the outer circle of the inner pipe and supports the inner pipe to enable the outer pipe and the inner pipe to be coaxial, and the number of the large-pitch spiral groove and the large-pitch arc-surface bulge is two or three; a large-pitch taper hole lath is arranged in the large-pitch spiral groove, and a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are arranged in the large-pitch spiral groove of the hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe; the large-pitch conical hole lath is provided with conical holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the large-pitch spiral groove, and the conical holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in a one-to-one coaxial contrast; the thickness of the coarse pitch taper hole lath is less than the depth of the coarse pitch spiral groove.

Further, the sieve mesh drill rod is connected with the sieve mesh drill rod through a screw thread with a seal, the inner pipe of the sieve mesh drill rod is connected with the inner pipe through a plug-in sealing connection or a lap joint sealing connection, and the flow supply channel at the screw thread connection part of the sieve mesh drill rod and the sieve mesh drill rod is an annular flow supply channel. The spiral groove can be added on the outer circular arc of the box of the sieve pore drill rod or not, the spiral groove is beneficial to cooling the screw thread part of the drill rod, the strength of the box is weakened, and whether the spiral groove is processed on the outer circular arc of the box of the sieve pore drill rod or not can be determined according to specific implementation working conditions.

Further, the transition drill rod consists of a deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, a blind hole inner pipe and dense taper hole laths, an axial groove is formed in the outer surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, an axial bulge corresponding to the axial groove is formed in the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, and the number of the axial grooves and the axial bulges is three or four; the blind hole inner pipe is a round pipe with one end provided with a conical plug, and a central hole of the blind hole inner pipe is an inner slag discharging channel of the transition drill rod; the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe and the blind hole inner pipe are embedded, sealed and installed, and a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are formed in an axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe; the dense taper hole lath is installed in the axial groove in a brazing or spot welding mode, taper holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the axial groove are formed in the dense taper hole lath, and the taper holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in a one-to-one coaxial contrast.

Further, the outer diameter of the inner pipe of the blind hole of the transition drill rod is smaller than that of the inner pipe of the sieve pore drill rod, and the depth of the axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod is larger than that of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe of the sieve pore drill rod; the density of the slag discharging sieve holes of the transition drill rod is greater than that of the slag discharging sieve holes of the sieve hole drill rod, and the installation mode of the dense taper hole laths of the transition drill rod is the same as that of the taper hole laths of the sieve hole drill rod.

The transition drill rod is a special sieve mesh drill rod with stronger slag discharge capacity, the depth of an axial groove for guiding the drill bit to drill slag is deeper, the number of the axial grooves is more, the density of slag discharge sieve meshes is higher, the transition drill rod is matched with a plug-in type drill bit for use, the coal slag generated by the drill bit drilling firstly enters the axial groove and then enters an inner slag discharge channel through the dense slag discharge sieve meshes. For a medium-hard coal seam, the outer arc surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod can also be provided with a spiral groove so as to improve slag breaking and pressure relief capacity of the transition drill rod, and for a soft coal seam, the outer arc surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod can also be not provided with a spiral groove so as to improve shield protection capacity of the transition drill rod.

Further, one end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod is converted into a thick-wall round pipe through an extrusion forming or friction welding joint adding method, and a female buckle connected with the male buckle of the sieve pore drill rod is processed on the thick-wall round pipe; and the other end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod is provided with a radial jackscrew hole for mounting a plug-in type drill bit.

Furthermore, a drill handle is arranged at one end of the plug-in type drill bit matched with the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, and a cutting part and a plurality of flow supply holes are formed at the other end of the plug-in type drill bit; the appearance shape and size of the drill handle are the same as the shape and size of an inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod, during installation, the drill handle is inserted into the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, and the plug-in type drill bit is connected with the transition drill rod in a plug-in type fastening mode through the cooperation of the jackscrew and the radial jackscrew hole of the fixed deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe. The drill bit adopts the plug-in type connection instead of the screw thread connection, because the plug-in type connection can utilize the groove of the special-shaped drill handle to be in axial butt joint with the axial groove of the transition drill rod, the loss of slag discharge power can be reduced, and the drilling coal slag can quickly and efficiently enter the inner slag discharge channel.

Furthermore, a hollow high-low pressure change-over valve is additionally arranged between the sieve pore drill rod and the transition drill rod, so that the drilling tool has the function of high-pressure water jet hole making or slotting when the drilling tool is withdrawn. And for soft outburst coal seams, cave making and permeability increasing in the process of drill withdrawal are preferably adopted, and for medium-hard outburst coal seams, retreat type slotting and permeability increasing or forward type slotting and permeability increasing can be adopted.

Further, the hollow high-low pressure conversion valve comprises an outer valve pipe, an inner valve pipe and a high-low pressure conversion assembly, the outer valve pipe and the inner valve pipe are coaxially installed in a matched mode, and the high-low pressure conversion assembly is installed in a flow supply channel formed between the outer valve pipe and the inner valve pipe; two spiral convex ribs are arranged on the outer circle of the valve outer pipe; two radial water jet nozzles or two oblique water jet nozzles are arranged on two spiral convex ribs of the outer pipe of the valve; the two ends of the valve outer pipe are respectively provided with a male buckle and a female buckle, the male buckle of the valve outer pipe is connected with the transition drill rod, and the female buckle of the valve outer pipe is connected with the sieve mesh drill rod; and a sealing element is arranged on the outer side surface of one end of the valve inner pipe close to the transition drill rod.

Further, the high-low pressure conversion assembly comprises a sliding valve core, a spring, a front support, a rear support and a fixing pin; a sliding valve core is arranged between the front support and the rear support, a spring is sleeved between the sliding valve core and the valve inner tube, and the front support and the rear support are fixedly arranged with the valve outer tube through fixing pins; when the valve works, two ends of the spring are in contact fit with the sliding valve core and the rear support. The hollow high-low pressure change-over valve is an independent hydraulic hole making and cutting device matched with the inner slag discharging and screening drill tool for use, is additionally arranged for use when needing hole making, cutting and permeability increasing, and can be omitted when hydraulic permeability increasing is not needed. The hollow high-low pressure change-over valve has three stations, namely a low pressure drilling station, a high pressure cave-making station and a drill-stopping locking station.

Other description of shield pressure relief drilling tools: the shield protection pressure relief drilling tool for the outburst coal seam is arranged at the drilling part of the drill bit, and a conventional drill bit can be replaced by a cableless directional screw drilling tool, so that the cableless directional drilling of shield protection pressure relief is realized, and the protection scope of the invention is also included.

The hole external closed slag discharging system matched with the outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool comprises a sliding closed pipe arranged in an inner cavity of a sieve pore drilling rod outside a hole, a hole sealing pipe moving device arranged at a hole opening and a hollow slag discharging water (air) tail connected to the tail part of the outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool.

Furthermore, the sliding type closed pipe is a light wear-resistant and wear-reducing thin-walled pipe, the outer diameter of the sliding type closed pipe is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the inner pipe of the sieve pore drill rod, the length of the sliding type closed pipe is equal to the sum of the maximum length of the sieve pore drill rod exposed outside the hole and the length of the hole sealing pipe moving device, the sliding type closed pipe is installed outside the closed hole and in the inner pipe of the sieve pore drill rod at the covering section of the hole sealing pipe moving device and used for sealing the slag discharge sieve pores, and the water coal slag gas of the inner slag discharge channel is discharged from the inner cavity of the hollow slag water (wind) tail at the tail part of the sieve pore drill rod. If the sliding type closed pipe is not arranged, water flow and gas are leaked out of the slag discharge sieve pores, the slag discharge power of the inner slag discharge channel of the exposed drill rod is lost, the inner slag discharge channel is blocked, and coal slag is difficult to discharge from the slag discharge pipe at the rear end of the hollow slag water (air) tail.

Further, the hole sealing and pipe moving device comprises a hole sealing bag, a double-layer pipe, a gas injection hole sealing interface, a compressed air pipe moving interface and a dustproof assembly; the double-layer pipe comprises an outer layer pipe and an inner layer pipe which are coaxially sleeved, one end of the inner layer pipe, which is exposed out of the drill hole, extends out of the outer layer pipe and is matched with the sleeved dustproof component, and the hole sealing bag is fixed on the outer circle of the outer layer pipe and is communicated with the gas injection hole sealing interface through a pipeline, so that hole sealing of the drill hole of the reaming section is realized;

a closed circular ring support and a support block are respectively arranged between two ends of an inner hole of the outer layer pipe and the inner layer pipe, the closed circular ring support is arranged at one end close to the dustproof component, the support block is arranged at one end far away from the dustproof component, an annular channel is formed between the inner hole of the outer layer pipe and the inner layer pipe, an air inlet is further formed in the inner layer pipe in a penetrating mode, and the air inlet is formed in one side, back to the closed circular ring support, of the support block;

the pressure air pipe moving interface is communicated with an annular channel of the double-layer pipe, high-pressure air flow is supplied to the annular channel of the double-layer pipe, the high-pressure air flow enters an inner hole of the inner-layer pipe through the air inlet and then enters an inner pipe of the sieve pore drill rod through the slag discharge sieve pore, and the high-pressure air flow drives the sliding type sealing pipe to move towards the inner pipe of the newly installed sieve pore drill rod, so that the inner sealing of the exposed sieve pore is realized; the inner hole both ends of inlayer pipe are inlayed and are installed copper ring and support the cover, and the effect of copper ring support cover prevents to produce the friction spark between double-layer tube and the drilling rod. When the large-inclination downward hole construction is adopted, a method for increasing the frictional resistance of the sliding type closed pipe is adopted to prevent the sliding type inner closed downward sliding when the drill rod is drilled and installed. For large-inclination downward drilling, the method of driving the sliding type closed pipe by using high-pressure airflow may fail, and in such a case, the sliding type closed pipe needs to be moved in a manual drawing mode.

Furthermore, the dustproof assembly comprises a cylinder and a dustproof brush arranged in the cylinder, one end of an inner hole of the cylinder is arranged at the outer end part of the inner layer pipe extending out of the outer layer pipe, and the other end of the inner hole of the cylinder is provided with the dustproof brush. The function of the dustproof component is to reduce the dust at the hole. When the shield pressure relief drilling tool is adopted, the hole opening is not used as a slag discharge outlet, but a very small amount of coal slag is discharged out of the dust-proof assembly, and most of the coal slag is discharged from a hollow slag water (air) tail of the drill tail.

Furthermore, the hollow slag water (wind) tail is connected with a female buckle of a sieve pore drill rod, and a portable hollow slag wind tail is adopted during wind drilling; when high-pressure water jet flow is used for making holes and cutting seams, a hollow slag-discharging water tail with larger weight and high-pressure sealing property is adopted

Further, the cavity goes out the sediment water tail and the cavity wind tail of slagging tap all includes outer tube, interior sleeve pipe, casing and confession mouth, outer tube and interior sleeve pipe coaxial arrangement, the outer tube is hugged closely sealed cooperation with interior sheathed tube rear end and is passed through the casing installation as an organic wholely, form the confession between front end outer tube and the interior sleeve pipe and flow the passageway, interior sheathed tube hole is for arranging the sediment passageway, the casing outside is equipped with the confession mouth that feeds through the confession and flows the passageway, the row's of intercommunication sediment passageway is seted up to the casing rear end cinder notch.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. aiming at the problem that the slag discharging sieve pores are difficult to process, the invention introduces the taper hole plate strips matched with the slag discharging sieve pores for the first time, avoids the problem that the inverted cone-shaped sieve pores and the inverted step sieve pores are difficult to process, not only ensures the slag discharging effect of the slag discharging sieve pores, but also improves the processing efficiency of the slag discharging sieve pores and reduces the processing cost.

2. Aiming at the problem of how the coal slag produced by the drill bit enters the inner slag discharge channel, the invention designs a transition drill rod with a deep groove structure and a dense sieve pore structure, designs a plug-in type drill bit matched with the transition drill rod and provides a technical scheme that the coal slag of the drill bit enters the inner slag discharge channel of the drilling tool quickly and efficiently.

3. Aiming at the hollow internal slag discharge structure of the shield pressure relief drilling tool, the invention designs a hollow high-low pressure change-over valve with a central slag discharge function, so that the shield pressure relief drilling tool can implement the anti-reflection function of high-pressure water jet hole making or slot cutting.

4. The invention provides a shield pressure relief sieve pore drilling tool with a central circular hole of the drilling tool as an inner slag discharge channel, and provides an outer hole closed slag discharge system comprising a hole sealing and pipe moving device, a sliding closed pipe and a hollow slag discharge water (air) tail.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall connection diagram of a shield pressure relief drilling tool for a projected coal seam according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of a screen hole drill rod of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a tapered hole lath used in a drill rod with holes in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view of the sealed connection of a sieve pore drill rod and a sieve pore drill rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the transition drill pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a view of the structure of the blind hole inner tube used in the transition drill rod of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a connection diagram of a transition drill rod and a sieve pore drill rod according to the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the insert drill bit of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a view of the connection of the transition drill stem to the plug-in drill bit of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a connection diagram of the hollow high-low pressure change-over valve, the sieve pore drill rod and the transition drill rod;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a hollow high and low pressure conversion valve of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a view of the stations of the hollow high and low pressure shift valve of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a general layout view of the shield pressure relief drilling tool and the out-of-hole closed tapping system of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a slip closure of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the hole sealing and tube moving device of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the hollow slag water (wind) tail in the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the outburst coal seam shield protection and pressure relief drilling tool of the present invention comprises a plurality of sieve pore drilling rods 1, a transition drilling rod 2 and a plug-in type drill bit 3 which are sequentially connected from back to front, wherein the sieve pore drilling rods 1 and the sieve pore drilling rods 1 are connected by screw threads, the sieve pore drilling rods 1 and the transition drilling rods 2 are connected by screw threads, and the transition drilling rods 2 and the plug-in type drill bit 3 are connected by plug-in type.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the sieve pore drill rod of the present invention, the sieve pore drill rod 1 is composed of an outer tube 11, an inner tube 12 and a tapered hole lath 13, the outer tube 11 is a special-shaped outer tube 11, an axial groove is arranged on the outer surface of the special-shaped outer tube 11, an axial protrusion corresponding to the axial groove is arranged on the inner hole of the special-shaped outer tube 11, the number of the axial groove and the axial protrusion is two or three, fig. 2 (a) is a structural diagram of the sieve pore drill rod with two axial grooves, fig. 2 (b) is a structural diagram of the sieve pore drill rod with 3 axial grooves, two ends of the special-shaped outer tube 11 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 are converted into thick-wall round tubes by a method of adding joints through extrusion forming or friction welding, and male and female buttons of the sieve pore drill rod are processed on the thick-wall round tubes for connecting two drill rods; a spiral groove 18 is formed in the outer arc surface of the special-shaped outer pipe 11, the size and the shape of the spiral groove 18 are not limited, and the spiral groove 18 is used for increasing the pressure relief function and the temperature reduction function of the sieve pore drill rod; the inner pipe 12 is a circular pipe, the central hole of the inner pipe 12 is an inner slag discharge channel 16 of the sieve pore drill rod, and one end of the inner pipe 12 is provided with a sealing ring 17 for sealing between the two sieve pore drill rods; after the special-shaped outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 12 are coaxially embedded, sealed and matched, a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes 15 communicated with an inner slag discharging channel 16 are arranged in an axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe 11.

The taper hole lath 13 is fixed in the axial groove in a brazing or spot welding mode, the taper holes 131 with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes 15 in the axial groove are arranged on the taper hole lath 13, and the taper holes 131 and the slag discharge sieve holes 15 are arranged in a one-to-one coaxial contrast mode. The axial direction of the sieve pore drill rod 1 is provided with a flow supply channel 14 and an inner slag discharge channel 16, and the flow supply direction is opposite to the slag discharge direction; a large number of slag discharging sieve holes 15 are arranged in the radial direction of the sieve pore drill rod 1, the slag discharging sieve holes 15 are communicated with the inner slag discharging channel 16 but cannot be communicated with the flow supply channel 14, therefore, the special-shaped outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 12 need to be matched in an embedded sealing mode, and the contact surface of the special-shaped outer pipe 11 and the contact surface of the inner pipe 12 are kept sealed through processes such as hot assembly matching, dipping sealing and the like.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of a taper hole plate used for the sieve-hole drill rod of the invention, the taper hole plate 13 is a wear-resistant thin-wall plate, and the taper hole plate 13 is provided with taper holes 131 with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes 15 in the axial groove of the sieve-hole drill rod. The diameter of the slag discharging sieve hole 15 of the sieve-hole drill rod 1 is smaller than one third of the diameter of the inner hole of the inner pipe 12, the small diameter of the taper hole 131 on the taper-hole lath 13 of the sieve-hole drill rod 1 is smaller than the diameter of the slag discharging sieve hole 15, and the large diameter of the taper hole 131 is equal to the diameter of the slag discharging sieve hole 15; the thickness of the taper hole lath 13 is smaller than the difference between the depth of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe 11 and the depth of the spiral groove, after the taper hole lath 13 is welded, the taper hole lath 13 is still at the lowest position of the outer surface of the sieve pore drilling rod so as to gather slag and discharge slag, the taper hole of the taper hole lath 13 is smaller than the outer diameter and larger than the inner diameter, and the drilling slag can smoothly pass through the taper hole 131 and the slag discharge sieve pore 15. The method adopts other methods such as a sieve pore orifice extrusion method, a sieve pore orifice overlaying method, a single-chip taper hole welding method, a water jet cutter or laser inverted taper hole cutting method, an inverted taper hole counter boring processing method and the like to ensure that the diameter of the slag inlet of the slag discharge sieve orifice 15 is smaller than that of the slag outlet, and also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

In order to increase the function of kneading and crushing the slag on the coal-facing surface of the tapered-hole lath 13, methods such as indentation and wear-resistant particle spraying can be implemented on the tapered-hole lath 13, the tapered-hole lath 13 can also be made of wear-resistant steel or powder metallurgy materials, the tapered hole 131 can be formed by punching a tapered hole or drilling a tapered hole, and the like, and similar related auxiliary technologies are also in the protection scope of the invention. The slag discharging sieve pores 15 with the radial straight pores are most convenient to process, and if the slag discharging sieve pores 15 are processed into the inclined pores, the slag discharging of the slag discharging sieve pores 15 is more convenient, and the method is also in the protection scope of the invention. When the diameter of the slag discharging sieve pore 15 of the radial straight hole is about 1.5 times of the depth of the slag discharging sieve pore 15, the slag discharging sieve pore 15 is not easy to block, and under the condition that the geometric dimension, the strength and other factors of the sieve pore drill rod 1 permit, the slag discharging sieve pore 15 with the diameter larger than the depth can be designed, and the taper hole lath 13 can be eliminated under the condition.

For the extremely soft outburst coal seam, the spiral groove 18 is not arranged on the outer arc surface of the special-shaped outer pipe 11, although the pressure relief function of the drill rod is weakened, the shield function of the drill rod is added, and the protection scope of the invention is also included. The outer surface of the sieve pore drill rod 1 is coated with wear-resistant materials and other processes, so that the wear resistance of the drill rod is improved, the service life of the drill rod is prolonged, and the invention is also in the protection scope.

The outer arc of the special-shaped outer pipe 11 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 can be not provided with the spiral groove 18, the axial groove can be changed into a large-pitch spiral groove by adopting a hot-twisting method, the corresponding axial protrusion is changed into a large-pitch spiral protrusion, the corresponding conical hole lath 13 adopts a large-pitch conical hole lath, and the matching mode of the special-shaped outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 12 is unchanged; the outer pipe 11 is a hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe 11 formed by a hot-twisting method in a constrained state, a large-pitch spiral groove is formed on the outer surface of the hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe 11, a large-pitch arc protrusion corresponding to the large-pitch spiral groove is formed in an inner hole of the hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe 11, the large-pitch arc protrusion of the inner hole of the hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe 11 is installed in a matched mode with the outer circle of the inner pipe 12, the inner pipe 12 is supported to enable the outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 12 to be coaxial, and the number of the large-pitch spiral groove and the large-pitch arc protrusion is two or three; a large-pitch taper hole lath is arranged in the large-pitch spiral groove, and a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes 15 communicated with an inner slag discharging channel 16 are arranged in the large-pitch spiral groove of the hot-twisted special-shaped outer pipe 11; the large-pitch conical hole plate strip is provided with conical holes with the same quantity as the slag discharge sieve holes 15 in the large-pitch spiral groove, and the conical holes are in one-to-one coaxial contrast with the slag discharge sieve holes 15; the thickness of the coarse pitch taper hole lath is smaller than the depth of the coarse pitch spiral groove.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the sealed connection between a sieve pore drill rod and a sieve pore drill rod of the invention, wherein the sieve pore drill rod 1 is connected with the sieve pore drill rod 1 by a screw thread with seal, the inner tube 12 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 is connected with the inner tube 12 by an inserting sealed connection or a lapping sealed connection, FIG. 4 (a) is an inserting sealed structure, an O-shaped sealing ring 17 is used during inserting seal, the rear end part of the inner tube 12 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 is flared, and the inner aperture of the flared end is equal to the diameter of the inner tube 12; fig. 4 (b) is a lap seal structure, the diameters of both ends of the inner pipe 12 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 are consistent during lap sealing, a lap seal ring 17 is used for lap sealing, and in order to improve the strength of the lap seal ring 17, measures such as coating a steel ring in the wall thickness of the lap seal ring 17 can be taken; the flow supply channel 14 at the threaded connection part of the sieve pore drill rod 1 and the sieve pore drill rod 1 is an annular flow supply channel. Spiral grooves can be added or not added on the outer circular arcs of the female buckle of the sieve pore drill rod 1, the spiral grooves are beneficial to cooling of the thread buckle part of the drill rod, and the strength of the female buckle is weakened.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the transition drill rod of the present invention, the transition drill rod 2 is composed of a deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21, a blind-hole inner tube 22 and a dense taper-hole lath 23, the outer surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 is provided with axial grooves, the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 is provided with axial protrusions corresponding to the axial grooves, and the number of the axial grooves and the axial protrusions is 3 or 4.

One end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe 21 of the transition drill rod 2 is converted into a thick-wall round pipe through an extrusion forming or friction welding joint method, a female buckle connected with the male buckle of the sieve mesh drill rod 1 is machined on the thick-wall round pipe, and the other end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe 21 is provided with a radial jackscrew hole.

The blind hole inner tube 22 is a round tube with one end provided with a conical plug 221, and the central hole of the blind hole inner tube 22 is an inner slag discharging channel 16 of the transition drill rod 2; after the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe 21 and the blind hole inner pipe 22 are coaxially embedded, sealed and matched, a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes 15 communicated with the inner slag discharging channel 16 are processed in an axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe 21; the structure shape of the dense taper hole lath 23 is similar to that of the taper hole lath 13, the dense taper hole lath 23 is provided with taper holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe 21, the dense taper hole lath is fixed in the axial groove in a brazing or spot welding mode, and the taper holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in one-to-one coaxial contrast. The mesh density of the transition drill rod 2 is greater than the mesh density of the mesh drill rod 1, the quantity of the slag discharge meshes is more, and the installation mode of the dense taper hole lath 23 of the transition drill rod 2 is the same as that of the taper hole plate 13 of the mesh drill rod 1.

Fig. 6 is a structure diagram of the blind hole inner tube used in the transition drill rod of the present invention, wherein the blind hole inner tube 22 is a round tube with one end provided with a tapered plug 221, and the other end of the blind hole inner tube 22 is a flared round tube for the sealed connection of the inner tube 12 of the mesh drill rod 1 and the blind hole inner tube 22 of the transition drill rod 2, the outer diameter of the blind hole inner tube 22 of the transition drill rod 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner tube 12 of the mesh drill rod 1, and correspondingly, the depth of the axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 of the transition drill rod 2 is greater than the depth of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer tube 11 of the mesh drill rod 1.

The transition drill rod 2 is a special sieve pore drill rod with stronger slag discharge capacity, the depth of the axial groove for guiding the drill slag at the drill bit is deeper, the number of the axial grooves is more, the density of the slag discharge sieve pores 15 is larger, the transition drill rod 2 is matched with the plug-in type drill bit 3 for use, the coal slag generated by the drill bit drilling firstly enters the axial groove and then enters the inner slag discharge channel 16 through the dense slag discharge sieve pores. For a medium-hard coal seam, the outer surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod can also be provided with a spiral groove, so that the slag crushing, slag gathering and pressure relief capabilities of the transition drill rod are improved.

Fig. 7 is a connection diagram of the transition drill rod and the sieve pore drill rod, the connection between the transition drill rod 2 and the sieve pore drill rod 1 adopts a screw thread connection with a seal, and the connection between the inner tube 12 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 and the blind hole inner tube 22 of the transition drill rod 2 adopts a plug-in seal connection or a lap-joint seal connection, in this embodiment, the plug-in seal connection; the flow supply channel at the screw thread connecting part of the transition drill rod 2 and the sieve mesh drill rod 1 is an annular flow supply channel. In order to increase the cross-sectional area of the flow supply channel of the transition drill rod 2, the outer diameter of the inner tube 22 of the blind hole of the transition drill rod 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner tube 12 of the mesh drill rod 1.

Fig. 8 is a structure diagram of the plug-in type drill of the present invention, one end of the plug-in type drill 3, which is matched with the deep groove special-shaped outer tube 21, is provided with a drill handle 31, and the other end of the plug-in type drill 3 is provided with a cutting part and a plurality of flow supply holes; the appearance shape and size of the drill handle 31 are the same as the shape and size of the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 of the transition drill rod 2, and during installation, the drill handle 21 is inserted into the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 and is matched with the radial jackscrew hole of the fixed deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 through jackscrews, so that the plug-in type drill bit 3 is fixedly connected with the transition drill rod 2 in a plug-in type mode.

Fig. 9 is a connection structure diagram of the plug-in type drill bit and the transition drill rod of the invention, the drill handle 31 of the plug-in type drill bit 3 is inserted into the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube 21 of the transition drill rod 2 and is fixed by the jackscrew 33, so that the plug-in type connection of the plug-in type drill bit 3 and the transition drill rod 2 is realized, and the flow supply channel at the plug-in position of the transition drill rod 2 and the plug-in type drill bit 3 is changed from a plurality of circumferential axial flow supply channels into a central circular flow supply channel. The drill bit adopts the plug-in type connection instead of the screw thread connection, because the plug-in type connection can utilize the groove of the special-shaped drill handle to be in axial butt joint with the axial groove of the transition drill rod, the loss of slag discharging power can be reduced, and the drilling coal slag can quickly and efficiently enter the inner slag discharging channel.

Fig. 10 is a connection diagram of the hollow high-low pressure change-over valve, the sieve pore drill rod and the transition drill rod, and the hollow high-low pressure change-over valve 4 can be additionally arranged between the sieve pore drill rod 1 and the transition drill rod 2, so that the drilling tool has the function of high-pressure water jet hole making and slotting when the drilling tool withdraws. Cave-making permeability increase in the drill withdrawal process is preferably adopted for soft outburst coal seams, and retreat type slotting permeability increase and advancing type slotting permeability increase can be adopted for medium and hard outburst coal seams.

Fig. 11 is a structural view of the hollow high-low pressure switching valve of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 11(a), the hollow high-low pressure switching valve 4 is composed of an outer valve tube 41, an inner valve tube 42 and a high-low pressure switching assembly (feature 431-; the valve outer pipe 41 and the valve inner pipe 42 are coaxially installed in a matching manner, and the high-low pressure conversion assembly is installed in a flow supply channel formed between the valve outer pipe 41 and the valve inner pipe 42;

two spiral convex ribs are arranged on the excircle of the valve outer tube 41, and two radial or oblique water jet nozzles 44 are arranged on the two spiral convex ribs of the valve outer tube 41; a male buckle and a female buckle are respectively arranged at two ends of the valve outer pipe 41, the male buckle of the valve outer pipe 41 is used for being connected with the transition drill rod 2, and the female buckle of the valve outer pipe 41 is used for being connected with the sieve pore drill rod 1; and a sealing element 45 is arranged on the outer side surface of one end of the valve inner pipe 42 close to the transition drill rod 2, and the central hole of the valve inner pipe 42 is also a section of inner slag discharging channel. As shown in fig. 11 (b), a high-low pressure switching assembly, which is composed of a sliding spool 431, a spring 432, a front support 433, a rear support 434, and a fixing pin 435, is installed in the supply passage between the valve outer tube 41 and the valve inner tube 42; a sliding valve core 431 is arranged between the front support 433 and the rear support 434, a spring 432 is sleeved between the sliding valve core 431 and the valve inner tube 42, and the front support 433 and the rear support 434 are both connected with the valve outer tube 41 through a fixing pin 435; in operation, spring 432 engages with sliding spool 431 and rear support 434 at both ends. The hollow high-low pressure change-over valve 4 is an independent hydraulic hole making slotting device matched with the inner slag discharge sieve hole drilling tool for use, is additionally arranged for use when needing hole making slotting for permeability increase, and can be omitted when needing no hydraulic permeability increase.

The hollow high-low pressure change-over valve 4 has three stations, namely a low pressure drilling station, a high pressure cave-making station and a drill-stopping locking station.

Fig. 12 is a diagram of the hollow high-low pressure change-over valve in accordance with the present invention, in which the sliding valve core 431 of the hollow high-low pressure change-over valve 4 has three working positions, and fig. 12 (a) shows the state of the drill stopping locking station when the drill pipe is assembled and disassembled and the like is stopped; fig. 12 (b) shows a low pressure drilling station with all low pressure fluid supplied to the front end plug-in drill bit 3; fig. 12 (c) shows a water jet slitting or punching station, in which high-pressure fluid is supplied to the jet nozzle 44 and a small amount of fluid is supplied to the plug-in drill 3 in a leakage manner or a micropore leakage manner, so as to cool the drill. The method for supplying a small amount of water flow to the drill bit under the high-pressure state is various, and common engineers can slightly change the slide valve core and the support position according to the requirements, and the method is also within the protection scope of the invention.

In the implementation process of the invention, the water jet nozzle 44 of the high-low pressure conversion valve 4 can be replaced, the hydraulic slotting on medium-hard coal can be realized when a nozzle with a small drift diameter is adopted, and the hydraulic punching on a soft coal layer can be realized when a nozzle with a large drift diameter is adopted. Two groups of water jet nozzles 44 can be arranged on the spiral convex rib, one group is two radial slotting nozzles, the other group is two radial or oblique punching nozzles, the three-station high-low pressure conversion assembly is designed into a four-station high-low pressure conversion assembly, namely a locking station, a low-pressure drilling station, a medium-pressure punching station and a high-pressure slotting station, and the three-station high-low pressure conversion assembly is also within the protection scope of the invention, but the switching accuracy of the punching station and the slotting station is reduced due to the influence of medium pressure in a hole outside the valve outer tube, the selection difficulty of a spring is increased, and the reliability is reduced. It is also within the scope of the present invention to design the hollow high and low pressure conversion valve 4 as four positions.

Other description of shield pressure relief drilling tool for outburst coal seam: the shield protection pressure relief drilling tool for the outburst coal seam is arranged at the drilling part of the drill bit, and a conventional drill bit can be replaced by a cableless directional screw drilling tool, so that the cableless directional drilling of shield protection pressure relief is realized, and the protection scope of the invention is also included.

The hole external closed slag discharging system matched with the outburst coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool is described as follows:

the hole external closed slag discharging system comprises a sliding closed pipe 5 arranged in the inner cavity of the hole external sieve pore drill rod 1, a hole sealing pipe moving device 6 arranged at a hole opening and a hollow slag discharging water (wind) tail 7 connected to the tail part of the drill rod.

Fig. 13 is a general configuration diagram of a shield pressure relief drilling tool and an out-of-hole closed slag tapping system, wherein a hole sealing and pipe moving device 6 is installed at a drilling hole and used for sealing an outer slag discharge channel at the drilling hole so that drilling slag and air flow are discharged outwards from an inner slag discharge channel 16 of a sieve pore drilling rod 1; the sieve pore drill rod 1 penetrates through a center hole of the hole sealing and pipe moving device 6, and the front end of the sieve pore drill rod 1 is connected with the transition drill rod 2 and the plug-in type drill bit 3; the hollow slag water (air) tail 7 is connected to the tail part of the last sieve pore drill rod 1, and provides pressure air flow or water flow for drilling through an air inlet; a sliding type closed pipe 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outside-hole sieve pore drill rod 1 and is used for closing the outside of the hole and the slag discharge sieve pore 15 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 at the covering section of the hole sealing and pipe moving device 6, and the water coal slag and the gas in the inner slag discharge channel 16 are forced to be discharged from the inner cavity of the hollow slag discharge water (air) tail 7 at the tail part of the sieve pore drill rod 1.

Fig. 14 is a structural diagram of a sliding closed pipe, the sliding closed pipe 5 is a light wear-resistant and wear-reducing thin-walled pipe, the outer diameter of the sliding closed pipe 5 is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the inner pipe 12 of the sieve pore drill rod, the length of the sliding closed pipe 5 is equal to the sum of the maximum length of the sieve pore drill rod 1 exposed outside the pores and the length of the hole sealing pipe moving device 6, and the sliding closed pipe 5 is used for closing the slag discharging sieve pores 15 of the sieve pore drill rod 1 at the covering section of the hole sealing pipe moving device 6 and forcing the water coal slag and gas in the inner slag discharging channel 16 to be discharged from the inner cavity of the hollow slag water (wind) tail 7 at the tail part of the sieve pore drill rod 1. If the sliding type closed pipe 5 is not arranged, water flow and gas are leaked out of the slag discharging sieve holes 15, the inner slag discharging channel 16 of the exposed drill rod loses slag discharging power, the inner slag discharging channel 16 is blocked, and coal slag is difficult to discharge from the slag discharging pipe at the rear end of the hollow slag water (wind) tail 7.

Fig. 15 is a structural diagram of a hole sealing and pipe moving device, wherein the hole sealing and pipe moving device 6 is composed of a hole sealing bag 61, a double-layer pipe 62, a gas injection hole sealing interface 63, a compressed air pipe moving interface 64 and a dustproof assembly 65; the hole sealing bag 61 is fixed on the outer circle of the double-layer pipe 62 and is connected with the gas injection hole sealing interface 63, so that hole sealing of the hole drilling of the reaming section is realized; the compressed air pipe moving interface 64 is communicated with the annular channel of the double-layer pipe 62, high-pressure air flow is supplied to the annular channel of the double-layer pipe 62, and the sliding type closed pipe is driven by the high-pressure air flow to move towards the inner pipe 12 of the newly installed sieve pore drill rod 1, so that the inner part of the exposed sieve pore of the newly installed drill rod is sealed. A closed circular ring support is arranged between the double-layer pipes 62 close to one end of the dustproof component, and a supporting block 67 support is arranged between the double-layer pipes 62 far away from one end of the dustproof component; copper ring support sleeves 66 are embedded at two ends of the inner hole of the double-layer pipe 62, and the copper ring support sleeves 66 are used for preventing friction sparks between the inner hole of the double-layer pipe 62 and a drill rod. When the large-inclination-angle down hole construction is adopted, a method for increasing the friction resistance of the sliding type closed pipe 5 is adopted, and the sliding type closed pipe is prevented from sliding downwards when a drill rod is drilled and installed. For large inclination down-hole drilling, the method of driving the sliding closure tube by compressed air may fail, in which case the sliding closure tube 5 needs to be moved by manual drawing.

The dustproof assembly 65 consists of a cylinder 651 and a dustproof brush 652 arranged in the cylinder, one end of an inner hole of the cylinder 651 is arranged at the outer end part of the inner layer pipe extending out of the outer layer pipe on the double-layer pipe 62, and the other end of the inner hole of the cylinder is provided with the dustproof brush 652. The dust assembly 65 functions to reduce orifice dust. When the shield pressure relief drilling tool is adopted, the hole opening is not used as a slag discharge outlet, but a very small amount of coal slag can be discharged out of the hole from the dustproof assembly 65, and most of the coal slag is discharged from the hollow slag water (air) tail 7 of the drill tail.

Fig. 16 is a structural diagram of a hollow slag water (wind) tail, in which the hollow slag water (wind) tail 7 mainly comprises an outer pipe 71, an inner sleeve 72, a housing 73 and a flow supply port 74, the flow supply port 74 is used for supplying wind flow and water flow, the outer pipe 71 and the inner sleeve 72 are coaxially assembled, the outer pipe 71 and the rear end of the inner sleeve 72 are tightly fitted and sealed and are integrally installed through the housing 73, a flow supply channel 14 is arranged between the front end of the outer pipe 71 and the inner sleeve 72, an inner hole of the inner sleeve 72 is a slag discharge channel 16, and drilling slag is discharged from the slag discharge port 76 through the slag discharge channel 16; a male buckle 75 is arranged at one end of the outer pipe 71, the male buckle 75 is connected with a female buckle of the sieve pore drill rod 1, the outer pipe 71 and the inner sleeve 72 are fixed into a whole, and the outer pipe 71 and the shell 73 can rotate relatively; the portable hollow slag-discharging wind tail 7 is adopted during wind drilling, and the hollow slag-discharging water tail 7 with larger weight and high-pressure sealing property is adopted during high-pressure water jet hole-making and slot-cutting.

The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.

If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the use of "first" and "second" is merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and unless otherwise stated the above words are not intended to have a special meaning.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The shield protection pressure relief drilling tool for the outburst coal seam is characterized by comprising a plurality of sieve pore drilling rods, a transition drilling rod and a plug-in type drill bit which are sequentially connected from back to front, wherein the sieve pore drilling rods are connected with the sieve pore drilling rods through screw threads, the sieve pore drilling rods are connected with the transition drilling rods through screw threads, and the transition drilling rods are connected with the plug-in type drill bit through plug-in type connection.

2. The prominent coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve mesh drill rod comprises an outer tube, an inner tube and a tapered hole lath, the outer tube is a special-shaped outer tube, an axial groove is formed in the outer surface of the special-shaped outer tube, an axial protrusion corresponding to the axial groove is formed in the inner hole of the special-shaped outer tube, and the number of the axial groove and the axial protrusion is two or three; the inner pipe is a circular pipe, and the central hole of the inner pipe is an inner slag discharge channel of the sieve pore drill rod; the special-shaped outer pipe and the inner pipe are embedded and matched in a sealing mode, the axial protrusion is installed in contact with the inner pipe, and the taper hole plate strip is installed in the axial groove;

a plurality of slag discharging sieve pores communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are arranged in the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe; the taper hole laths are provided with taper holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the axial grooves, and the taper holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in a pair of coaxial contrast.

3. The protruded coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein both ends of the special-shaped outer pipe of the screen hole drill rod are converted into thick-walled circular pipes by extrusion molding or friction welding joint, and male and female buttons for connecting adjacent special-shaped outer pipes are processed on the thick-walled circular pipes; and a spiral groove is formed in the outer arc surface of the special-shaped outer pipe.

4. The protruding coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the slag discharge screen hole of the screen hole drill rod is less than one third of the diameter of the inner pipe; the small diameter of the taper hole on the taper hole lath is smaller than the diameter of the slag discharge sieve pore, and the large diameter of the taper hole on the taper hole lath is equal to the diameter of the slag discharge sieve pore; the thickness of the taper hole lath is smaller than the difference between the depth of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer pipe and the depth of the spiral groove.

5. The protruding coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve mesh drill rod comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe which are inserted and matched, the inner pipe is a circular pipe, and a central hole of the inner pipe is an inner slag discharge channel of the sieve mesh drill rod;

the outer pipe is a hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe formed by a hot-twisting method in a constraint state, a large-pitch spiral groove is formed in the outer surface of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe, a large-pitch arc-surface bulge corresponding to the large-pitch spiral groove is formed in an inner hole of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe, the large-pitch arc-surface bulge of the inner hole of the hot-twisting special-shaped outer pipe is matched with the outer circle of the inner pipe and supports the inner pipe to enable the outer pipe and the inner pipe to be coaxial, and the number of the large-pitch spiral groove and the large-pitch arc-surface bulge is two or three; a large-pitch taper hole lath is arranged in the large-pitch spiral groove,

a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are formed in the large-pitch spiral groove of the heat-torsion special-shaped outer pipe; the large-pitch conical hole plate strip is provided with conical holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the large-pitch spiral groove, and the conical holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in one-to-one coaxial contrast; the thickness of the coarse pitch taper hole lath is less than the depth of the coarse pitch spiral groove.

6. The protruded coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sieve pore drilling rod is connected with the sieve pore drilling rod by a screw thread with a seal, the inner pipe of the sieve pore drilling rod is connected with the inner pipe by a plug-in seal or a lap-joint seal, and the flow supply channel at the screw thread connection part of the sieve pore drilling rod and the sieve pore drilling rod is an annular flow supply channel.

7. The prominent coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool according to claim 6, wherein the transition drill rod is composed of a deep-groove special-shaped outer tube, a blind hole inner tube and dense taper hole laths, an axial groove is formed in the outer surface of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube, an axial protrusion corresponding to the axial groove is formed in the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube, and the number of the axial grooves and the axial protrusions is three or four;

the blind hole inner pipe is a round pipe with one end provided with a conical plug, and a central hole of the blind hole inner pipe is an inner slag discharging channel of the transition drill rod;

the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe and the blind hole inner pipe are embedded, sealed and installed, and a plurality of slag discharging sieve holes communicated with the inner slag discharging channel are formed in an axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe;

the dense taper hole laths are arranged in the axial grooves, the dense taper hole laths are provided with taper holes with the same number as the slag discharge sieve holes in the axial grooves, and the taper holes and the slag discharge sieve holes are in a one-to-one coaxial contrast.

8. The protruding coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in claim 7, wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube of the blind hole of the transition drill rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner tube of the sieve mesh drill rod, and the depth of the axial groove of the deep-groove special-shaped outer tube of the transition drill rod is larger than the depth of the axial groove of the special-shaped outer tube of the sieve mesh drill rod; the density of the slag discharging sieve pores of the transition drill rod is larger than that of the slag discharging sieve pores of the sieve pore drill rod.

9. The shield pressure relief drilling tool for the outburst coal seam according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein one end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod is converted into a thick-wall round pipe by an extrusion forming or friction welding joint adding method, and a female buckle connected with a male buckle of a sieve mesh drill rod is machined on the thick-wall round pipe; and the other end of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod is provided with a radial jackscrew hole.

10. The shield pressure relief drilling tool for the protruding coal seam according to claim 9, wherein a drill handle is arranged at one end of the plug-in type drill bit matched with the deep groove special-shaped outer pipe, and a cutting part and a plurality of flow supply holes are arranged at the other end of the plug-in type drill bit;

the appearance shape and size of the drill handle are the same as the shape and size of an inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe of the transition drill rod, during installation, the drill handle is inserted into the inner hole of the deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe, and the plug-in type drill bit is connected with the transition drill rod in a plug-in type fastening mode through the cooperation of the jackscrew and the radial jackscrew hole of the fixed deep-groove special-shaped outer pipe.

11. The shield pressure relief drilling tool for the protruding coal seam as claimed in claim 10, wherein a hollow high-low pressure change-over valve is additionally arranged between the sieve pore drilling rod and the transition drilling rod, so that the drilling tool has the function of high-pressure water jet hole making or slotting when the drilling tool is withdrawn.

12. The protruding coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in claim 11, wherein the hollow high and low pressure change-over valve comprises an outer valve tube, an inner valve tube and a high and low pressure change-over assembly, the outer valve tube and the inner valve tube are coaxially fitted, and the high and low pressure change-over assembly is installed in a flow supply channel formed between the outer valve tube and the inner valve tube;

two spiral convex ribs are arranged on the outer circle of the valve outer pipe; two radial water jet nozzles or two oblique water jet nozzles are arranged on two spiral convex ribs of the outer pipe of the valve; the two ends of the valve outer pipe are respectively provided with a male buckle and a female buckle, the male buckle of the valve outer pipe is connected with the transition drill rod, and the female buckle of the valve outer pipe is connected with the sieve mesh drill rod; and a sealing element is arranged on the outer side surface of one end of the valve inner pipe close to the transition drill rod.

13. The protruding coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool of claim 12, wherein the high and low pressure switching assembly comprises a spool, a spring, a front support, a rear support and a retaining pin; a sliding valve core is arranged between the front support and the rear support, a spring is sleeved between the sliding valve core and the valve inner tube, and the front support and the rear support are both connected with the valve outer tube through fixing pins; when the valve works, two ends of the spring are in contact fit with the sliding valve core and the rear support.

14. The hole external closed slag tapping system used with the protruded coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, which comprises a sliding closed pipe arranged in the inner cavity of a sieve pore drilling rod outside the hole, a hole sealing and pipe moving device arranged at the hole opening and a hollow slag water (wind) tail connected at the tail part of the protruded coal seam shield pressure relief drilling tool.

15. The out-of-hole closed slag tapping system according to claim 14, wherein the sliding closed pipe is made of light wear-resistant and wear-reducing thin-walled tube material, the outer diameter of the sliding closed pipe is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tube of the sieve pore drill rod, the length of the sliding closed pipe is equal to the sum of the maximum length of the out-of-hole exposed sieve pore drill rod and the length of the hole sealing pipe moving device, and the sliding closed pipe is installed outside the closed hole and in the inner tube of the sieve pore drill rod at the covering section of the hole sealing pipe moving device and used for sealing the slag discharging sieve pores, so that the water coal slag gas of the inner slag discharging channel is discharged from the inner cavity of the hollow slag water (wind) tail at the tail part of the sieve pore drill rod.

16. The out-of-hole closed deslagging system of claim 15, wherein the hole sealing and pipe moving device comprises a hole sealing bag, a double-layer pipe, a gas injection and hole sealing interface, a compressed air pipe moving interface and a dustproof assembly;

the double-layer pipe comprises an outer layer pipe and an inner layer pipe which are coaxially sleeved, one end of the inner layer pipe, which is exposed out of the drill hole, extends out of the outer layer pipe and is matched with the outer layer pipe in a sleeved mode to be provided with a dustproof assembly, and the hole sealing bag is fixed on the outer circle of the outer layer pipe and is communicated with the gas injection hole sealing interface through a pipeline;

the pressure air pipe moving interface is communicated with an annular channel of the double-layer pipe, high-pressure air flow is supplied to the annular channel of the double-layer pipe, the high-pressure air flow enters an inner hole of the inner-layer pipe through the air inlet and then enters an inner pipe of the sieve pore drill rod through the slag discharge sieve pore, and the high-pressure air flow drives the sliding type sealing pipe to move towards the inner pipe of the newly installed sieve pore drill rod, so that the inner sealing of the exposed sieve pore is realized;

and copper ring supporting sleeves are embedded at two ends of the inner hole of the inner-layer pipe.

17. The extrahole closed tapping system according to claim 16, wherein the dust-proof assembly comprises a cylinder and a dust-proof brush mounted in the cylinder, one end of the inner hole of the cylinder is mounted at the outer end of the inner pipe extending out of the outer pipe, and the other end of the inner hole of the cylinder is mounted with the dust-proof brush.