CN114775530A - Pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bank structure of a heat-preservation and seepage-proofing reservoir under dry-wet circulation of a pumped storage upper reservoir and a construction method thereof. The leveling cementing layer is made of asphalt concrete mixture, and the porosity of the leveling cementing layer is 10-15%. The asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer is made of an asphalt macadam mixture, and the porosity of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer is 15% -25%. The invention adopts the fiber-doped concrete, improves the defects of the traditional asphalt concrete panel seepage-proofing technology, and effectively solves the problem that the panel is easy to crack due to dry, wet and temperature change caused by frequent fluctuation of the water level of the upper reservoir by adding the heat-insulating layer on the basis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seepage control of pumped storage reservoirs, in particular to a pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage control reservoir bank structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The pumped storage power station is a hydropower station which pumps water to an upper reservoir by utilizing electric energy in the low ebb period of the electric load and discharges water to a lower reservoir to generate electricity in the peak period of the electric load, and the water of the upper reservoir is important in the whole operation process, so that the key of the success of engineering is the seepage prevention of the upper reservoir.
At present, many research achievements exist for how to perform seepage-proofing treatment on the bank of an upper reservoir, and generally, the seepage-proofing treatment mainly adopts several forms of reinforced concrete, geomembrane, clay, asphalt concrete panels and the like and a combination form thereof, but all have certain problems. Although the reinforced concrete slab has better anti-seepage effect, the investment is large, the construction speed is slow, and the deformability is poorer; the geomembrane seepage-proofing adaptive deformation capability is strong, the manufacturing cost is low, but the construction is more complex, the geomembrane seepage-proofing adaptive deformation capability is easy to age, and the service life is short; the clay seepage-proofing construction is simple and convenient, the cost is low, but the shearing resistance is low, the settlement deformation is easy to occur, and even the soil body is cracked to influence the structure safety; the asphalt concrete panel has good anti-seepage effect, stronger basic deformation adapting capability, no joint and coordination with the surrounding environment, high construction speed and quick repair of defects, can store water after 24 hours of repair, but has large investment and complex construction process, and simultaneously, the connection treatment of the asphalt concrete panel and the surrounding concrete buildings is a big difficulty. The forms have certain beneficial effect on reservoir bank seepage prevention, but the influences of dry-wet circulation and temperature difference change of the pumped storage upper reservoir are not considered.
The water level of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage is frequently fluctuated, and the soil body is degraded under dry and wet circulation to cause larger sedimentation deformation and crack. In addition, the bank surface layer also has temperature rise and fall cycles, which may cause cracks in the bank surface layer. The cracks generated by the bank are mostly surface cracks, and a part of the cracks can be developed into deep or penetrating cracks, so that the structural integrity and durability are influenced.
In view of this, aiming at the fact that the pumped storage upper reservoir can have better water retention, the research and development of a bank slope seepage-proofing structure for avoiding structural cracks caused by dryness, wetness and temperature circulation is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dry-wet circulation lower heat-insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure of a pumped storage upper reservoir and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the bank structure of the pumped storage upper reservoir lower heat-preservation and seepage-proofing reservoir under dry-wet circulation comprises a broken stone cushion layer, a leveling cementing layer, an asphalt stabilized broken stone drainage layer, a polyester grid, a fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer, a heat-preservation layer and a mastic sealing layer which are sequentially arranged on the water-facing side of a bank slope from inside to outside.
The leveling cementing layer is made of asphalt concrete mixture, and the porosity of the leveling cementing layer is 10-15%.
The asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer is made of an asphalt macadam mixture, and the porosity of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer is 15% -25%.
Further, in the asphalt concrete mixture adopted for leveling the cemented layer, the asphalt content is 4% -5%, the maximum particle size of the aggregate is less than or equal to 19mm, and the paving thickness of the leveling cemented layer is 8-10 cm.
Furthermore, when the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer is prepared, steel fibers and polypropylene fibers are doped in common asphalt concrete, and the porosity of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer is less than 2%.
Further, the heat-insulating layer is made of a concrete heat-insulating plate.
Furthermore, the mastic sealing layer is made of mastic materials.
The construction method of the lower heat-preservation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure of the pumped storage upper reservoir in dry-wet circulation comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) leveling the cementing layer: after the gravel cushion is constructed, the asphalt concrete mixture is paved on the gravel cushion and rolled.
2) And (3) constructing the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer: and paving the asphalt macadam mixture on the leveling cementing layer and rolling.
3) The construction of the polyester grid comprises the following steps: and uniformly spraying a bonding material on the upper surface of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer, arranging a polyester grid on the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer, and uniformly spraying the bonding material on the polyester grid.
4) And (3) constructing the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer: and paving the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer on the polyester grid and rolling.
5) And (3) constructing the heat insulation layer: mixing the cement-based cementing material, the aggregate, the admixture, the additive and water to prepare slurry, adding the foaming agent into the slurry, mixing and stirring, casting and molding the slurry on the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer, and well curing.
6) And (3) constructing a mastic sealing layer: and coating a mastic material on the heat-insulating layer.
Further, the binding material in the step 3) is a mixture of gasoline and asphalt, and the mass ratio of the gasoline to the asphalt is 7: 3.
the invention has the advantages that undoubtedly, compared with the existing seepage-proofing technology of the pumped storage upper reservoir bank, the invention adopts the fiber-doped concrete, improves the defects of the traditional asphalt concrete panel seepage-proofing technology, and effectively solves the problem that the panel is easy to crack due to dry, wet and temperature changes caused by frequent fluctuation of the water level of the upper reservoir by adding the heat-insulating layer on the basis.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of an upper reservoir bank seepage-proofing structure.
In the figure: leveling cementing layer 1, asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2, polyester grid 3, fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4, heat-insulating layer 5 and mastic sealing layer 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a dry-wet circulation lower heat-insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure of a pumped storage upper reservoir, which comprises a broken stone cushion layer, a leveling cementing layer 1, an asphalt stabilized broken stone drainage layer 2, a polyester grid 3, a fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4, a heat-insulation layer 5 and a mastic sealing layer 6 which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of a bank slope surface from inside to outside.
The leveling cementing layer 1 is used as the bottommost layer of the anti-seepage panel, a solid foundation is provided for the anti-seepage layer through good cementation with a broken stone cushion layer, the material of the leveling cementing layer 1 is an asphalt concrete mixture, and the porosity of the leveling cementing layer 1 is 10% -15%. In the asphalt concrete mixture adopted by the leveling cementing layer 1, the asphalt content is 4% -5%, the maximum particle size of aggregate is less than or equal to 19mm, and the paving thickness of the leveling cementing layer 1 is 8-10 cm, so that the leveling cementing layer is used for leveling cementing of an upper drainage layer.
The asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2 is made of an asphalt macadam mixture, and the porosity of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2 is 15-25%. When being equipped with the bituminous macadam mixture, design the mix proportion according to actual conditions, thick, the mutual collocation of thin aggregate, thick aggregate performance skeleton supporting role, thin aggregate then plays the filling effect, both can guarantee the supporting effect on drainage blanket, can also guarantee the porosity, satisfies the drainage needs, wherein pitch content 3%, spread layer thickness at 10 +/-0.5 cm, because wherein the thick aggregate content is more, should adopt strict rolling technology.
The polyester grid 3 is made of a reinforced material arranged on the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2, and the high polymer polyester grid is adopted to improve the adaptive deformation capacity of the panel.
When the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 is prepared, 3% of superfine ultrashort high-strength straight steel fibers and 0.2% of polypropylene fibers are doped into common asphalt concrete, the length of the steel fibers is 13-15 mm, the length of polypropylene fiber monofilaments is 18-20 mm, so that the tensile strength of the concrete is improved, the bonding capacity with the common concrete is improved, the problem that connection processing between an asphalt concrete panel and a peripheral concrete building is difficult is solved, the thickness of a laying layer is 10cm, and the porosity is less than 2%.
The heat preservation layer 5 adopts a concrete heat preservation plate, and the temperature influence caused by frequent fluctuation of the water level of the upper reservoir is responded, so that the lower fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 is prevented from generating cracks due to temperature change. The concrete insulation board is a lightweight porous concrete board which is prepared by adding a foaming agent into slurry prepared from a cement-based cementing material, aggregate, an admixture, an additive, water and the like, mixing, stirring, casting and forming, and curing naturally or by steam, and has the advantages of strong cohesive force, energy conservation, environmental protection, good high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, ultraviolet irradiation resistance and the like, and the thickness of a laying layer is 10 cm.
The mastic sealing layer 6 is made of mastic materials, the mastic sealing layer 6 can make up for the defects of the concrete heat-insulation board, the seepage resistance of the panel is improved, the aging of the panel is delayed, and the mastic sealing layer has the characteristics of air tightness, waterproofness, freezing resistance, difficulty in cracking and aging, capability of cold construction at normal temperature, flame retardance and water resistance after being dried and the like. The waterproof layer can be used as a damp-proof layer on the surface of a heat-insulating and cold-insulating layer, and due to the fact that the heat-insulating layer is made of a cement-based porous material, the mastic can be used in cooperation with the heat-insulating layer as an outer-layer protective material, and the thickness of a laid layer is 2 mm.
It is worth to explain that the prior pumped storage upper reservoir bank seepage-proofing technology has the following defects: the reinforced concrete slab has slower construction speed and poorer deformability; geomembrane seepage-proofing construction is complex, easy to age and short in service life; the seepage-proofing and shear-resisting capacity of the clay is low, sedimentation deformation is easy to occur, and even the soil body cracks to influence the structure safety; the fiber-doped asphalt concrete adopted by the structure of the embodiment has high strength, high durability and good anti-seepage effect, the bonding force of the bank adopting the material at the joint position with a building is stronger, the defects of the traditional asphalt concrete panel anti-seepage technology are overcome, and the heat-insulating layer is added on the basis, so that the solution is provided for solving the problem that the panel is easy to crack due to dry, wet and temperature change caused by frequent fluctuation of the water level of the upper reservoir.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a construction method of the pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) leveling the cementing layer 1: after the gravel cushion is constructed, the asphalt concrete mixture is paved on the gravel cushion and rolled. Specifically, after the construction of lower broken stone bed course finishes, pave and artifical the paving to bank machinery, utilize slope machinery to pave earlier, the width of paving is 4m, and virtual thickness of paving is 12cm, and this process needs special hoisting equipment, adopts artifical the paving to machinery paving blind area, mainly concentrates on the position of the anti-arc section about the slope, after the paving is accomplished, rolls the construction, and the primary roll is no less than two static rolls, and the secondary is no less than two times and returns the static to the shake-rolling and is no less than three times (artifical paving is no less than three times), and the final roll static is gone to the mill mark. For the treatment of construction joints, a slope is made at the edge of a paved asphalt mixture layer by using 45-degree angle steel arranged on one side of a paver screed plate while paving, and the asphalt mixture layer is further trimmed by using tools such as a vibratory tamper and the like so as to have certain compactness and then rolled.
2) And (3) constructing the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2: and paving the asphalt macadam mixture on the leveling cementing layer 1 and rolling. Specifically, after the required asphalt macadam mixture is manufactured, the adopted construction process is basically consistent with that of the leveling cementing layer 1, but in order to give full play to the application value of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2, during field construction, a test is carried out in advance to determine a proper loose paving coefficient and material temperature, strict control is carried out in the construction process, and a strict rolling process is adopted to carry out construction quality detection.
3) Construction of the polyester grid 3: before construction, the surface of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2 is kept dry, flat and clean, a bonding material is uniformly sprayed on the upper surface of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2, the polyester grids 3 are arranged on the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2, and then the bonding material is uniformly sprayed on the polyester grids 3. The binding material is a mixture of gasoline and asphalt, and the mass ratio of the gasoline to the asphalt is 7: 3.
4) and (3) constructing the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4: and spreading the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 on the polyester grid 3 and rolling. Specifically, when the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 is prepared, 3% of superfine ultrashort high-strength straight steel fibers and 0.2% of polypropylene fibers are doped into common asphalt concrete, the length of the steel fibers is 13-15 mm, the length of polypropylene fiber monofilaments is 18-20 mm, and the adopted construction process and parameters are basically consistent with those of the leveling cementing layer 1, so that the construction speed is increased and the quality control is facilitated.
5) And (3) constructing the heat insulation layer 5: mixing the cement-based cementing material, the aggregate, the admixture, the additive and water to prepare slurry, adding the foaming agent into the slurry, mixing and stirring, and casting and molding the slurry on the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 and well curing. Specifically, a double-sided mold sealing construction process is adopted, and the surface layer templates are left at intervals with pouring grooves (surface layers of the pouring grooves) and are not sealed, so that the blanking, vibration and inspection of concrete are facilitated, and the surface layer templates of the pouring grooves are poured while being sealed. And (5) pouring in layers. Pouring from the bottom to the top, sealing the pouring groove template at the position after pouring concrete at the lower part of each pouring groove, and then pouring the section through the upper pouring groove. The method adopts a mode of combining manual vibration and vibrating by a vibrating spear. And the vibrating spear is inserted into the lower layer of the concrete from the position of the pouring groove for vibrating. And manually beating the template by using a steel pipe or a hammer to ensure that concrete in the template is compact. And controlling the concrete slump to be 160-180, and removing the surface layer template after the concrete is poured for 24 hours for curing.
6) And (3) constructing the mastic sealing layer 6: and (3) coating a mastic material on the heat-insulating layer 5. The construction of the mastic sealing layer does not need a rolling process because of small porosity of the material, and the mastic sealing layer can be densely formed along with the reduction of temperature after being coated, and can be manually coated or mechanically coated.
It is worth explaining, this embodiment has set up the stable drainage bed of pitch to the self-character of the pumped storage reservoir, strengthen the drainage effect; the heat insulation layer made of the concrete heat insulation plate is arranged, so that the problem that cracks are easy to occur on the bank due to large temperature difference of the pumped storage reservoir in dry-wet circulation is solved; aiming at the problem of poor connection treatment between a bank and a building, the asphalt concrete is doped with fibers to enhance the bonding force between an impermeable layer and the building. Although the invention is constructed in multiple layers, the construction methods of each layer have little difference, basically keep consistency and have convenient construction.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a dry-wet circulation lower heat-insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure of a pumped storage upper reservoir, which comprises a broken stone cushion layer, a leveling cementing layer 1, an asphalt stabilized broken stone drainage layer 2, a polyester grid 3, a fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4, a heat-insulation layer 5 and a mastic sealing layer 6 which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of a bank slope surface from inside to outside.
The leveling cementing layer 1 is made of asphalt concrete mixture, and the porosity of the leveling cementing layer 1 is 10-15%.
The asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2 is made of an asphalt macadam mixture, and the porosity of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer 2 is 15% -25%.
Example 4:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, in the asphalt concrete mixture used for leveling the cemented layer 1, the asphalt content is 4% to 5%, the maximum particle size of the aggregate is less than or equal to 19mm, and the paving thickness of the leveling cemented layer 1 is 8 to 10 cm.
Example 5:
in this embodiment, the main structure is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, when the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 is prepared, steel fibers and polypropylene fibers are doped in ordinary asphalt concrete, and the porosity of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer 4 is less than 2%.
Example 6:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the heat-insulating layer 5 is a concrete heat-insulating plate.
Example 7:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the mastic sealing layer 6 is made of mastic material.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a heat preservation prevention of seepage bank structure under pumping storage upper reservoir wet and dry circulation which characterized in that: the water-resistant construction method comprises the gravel cushion layer, the leveling cementing layer (1), the asphalt stabilized gravel drainage layer (2), the polyester grid (3), the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4), the heat-insulating layer (5) and the mastic sealing layer (6) which are sequentially arranged on the water-facing side of the bank slope surface from inside to outside;
the leveling cementing layer (1) is made of asphalt concrete mixture, and the porosity of the leveling cementing layer (1) is 10-15%;
the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer (2) is made of an asphalt macadam mixture, and the porosity of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer (2) is 15% -25%.
2. The pumped storage upper reservoir wet and dry cycle lower thermal insulation seepage-proofing bank structure of claim 1, wherein: in the asphalt concrete mixture adopted by the leveling cementing layer (1), the asphalt content is 4% -5%, the maximum particle size of aggregate is less than or equal to 19mm, and the paving thickness of the leveling cementing layer (1) is 8-10 cm.
3. The pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet cycle lower thermal insulation seepage-proofing bank structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the material of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4) is prepared, steel fibers and polypropylene fibers are doped in common asphalt concrete, and the porosity of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4) is less than 2 percent.
4. The pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet cycle lower thermal insulation seepage-proofing bank structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the heat insulation layer (5) is a concrete heat insulation plate.
5. The pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet cycle lower thermal insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mastic sealing layer (6) is made of mastic materials.
6. The construction method of the pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet cycle lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) construction of the leveling cementing layer (1): after the gravel cushion is constructed, paving the asphalt concrete mixture on the gravel cushion and rolling;
2) and (3) constructing the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer (2): paving the asphalt macadam mixture on the leveling cementing layer (1) and rolling;
3) the construction of the polyester grid (3) comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying a bonding material on the upper surface of the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer (2), arranging the polyester grids (3) on the asphalt stabilized macadam drainage layer (2), and uniformly spraying the bonding material on the polyester grids (3);
4) and (3) constructing the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4): spreading the materials of the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4) on the polyester grid (3) and rolling;
5) and (3) constructing the heat insulation layer (5): mixing a cement-based cementing material, aggregate, an admixture, an additive and water to prepare slurry, adding a foaming agent into the slurry, mixing and stirring, and casting and molding the slurry on the fiber-doped asphalt concrete layer (4) and well maintaining;
6) the construction of the mastic sealing layer (6) comprises the following steps: and the heat-insulating layer (5) is coated with mastic.
7. The construction method of the dry-wet cycle lower thermal insulation seepage-proofing bank structure of the pumped storage upper reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: the binding material in the step 3) is a mixture of gasoline and asphalt, and the mass ratio of the gasoline to the asphalt is 7: 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210487352.9A CN114775530A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210487352.9A CN114775530A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Pumped storage upper reservoir dry-wet circulation lower heat insulation seepage-proofing reservoir bank structure and construction method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114775530A true CN114775530A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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