CN114774177A - Decarbonization system for biogas purification - Google Patents
Decarbonization system for biogas purification Download PDFInfo
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- CN114774177A CN114774177A CN202210545810.XA CN202210545810A CN114774177A CN 114774177 A CN114774177 A CN 114774177A CN 202210545810 A CN202210545810 A CN 202210545810A CN 114774177 A CN114774177 A CN 114774177A
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- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 66
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/225—Multiple stage diffusion
- B01D53/226—Multiple stage diffusion in serial connexion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a liquid, e.g. brine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D2053/221—Devices
- B01D2053/223—Devices with hollow tubes
- B01D2053/224—Devices with hollow tubes with hollow fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/05—Biogas
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a decarbonization system for purifying biogas, which belongs to the field of biogas purification and purification, and comprises a pretreatment system, a cooling circulation system and a post-treatment system, wherein the pretreatment system, the cooling circulation system and the post-treatment system are used for purifying the deaminated and desulfurized biogas in sequence; the pretreatment system comprises a buffer filter tank and a screw compressor, and the biogas is filtered by the buffer filter tank and then is transmitted to the screw compressor for compression; the cooling circulation system comprises a freeze dryer and a heat exchanger set, the freeze dryer is arranged between the pretreatment system and the post-treatment system, and the heat exchanger set recovers condensation heat of the freeze dryer through circulating water; the post-treatment system comprises a fiber membrane group and a gas pressure reducer, the biogas is filtered again through the fiber membrane group and then is transmitted to the gas pressure reducer for pressure reduction treatment, and the decompressed biogas is transmitted to a product gas using point. The invention ensures the precooling effect in the precooler and the stable operation of the freeze dryer, achieves the heat recovery and reduces the processing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biogas purification and purification, in particular to a decarburization system for biogas purification.
Background
The components in the biogas are more and more impure, and some gases are mixed in the biogas, which can affect the process, equipment and environment to a certain extent in the application process; carbon dioxide in the biogas is a colorless and odorless gas, is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid, and has a corrosion effect on metals. Carbon dioxide has a fire extinguishing and fire retarding effect, is commonly used as a fire extinguishing agent, and in a system for releasing heat by combustion or doing work by combustion, the presence of the carbon dioxide generally reduces the utilization rate of combustion heat, reduces the flame temperature and reduces the utilization rate of the volume of a cylinder, so that the cost is increased in the heat releasing or work doing process. Therefore, in the using process of the gas, the using requirement can be met only by reducing the carbon dioxide to a lower content, the equipment efficiency is improved, and the using requirement is reduced, so that decarburization treatment is required in the purification of the methane.
The traditional carbon dioxide removing method comprises a physical absorption method, a chemical absorption method, a physical chemical absorption method and a pressure swing adsorption method, and most of the decarburization methods have the defects of complex equipment mechanism, huge public supporting facilities, large floor area, troublesome operation and maintenance and large capital investment. In order to make up for the defects of the decarburization technology, certain methane membrane separation decarburization technologies with low investment and relatively simple supporting facilities are also developed on the market. However, due to the defects of the process design, the technologies generally have the phenomena of poor sulfur and carbon effects, low purity of purified gas and low calorific value of the purified gas, and are difficult to be widely applied in industry.
The search of the prior art shows that the Chinese utility model with the patent publication number of CN206799557U discloses a methane decarbonization system, which comprises a methane inlet, a methane compressor, a first decarbonization mechanism, a second decarbonization mechanism and a natural gas pipe network; the biogas compressor is arranged at a biogas inlet to adjust the pressure of the biogas to a range suitable for decarburization; the first decarburization mechanism and the second decarburization mechanism decarbonize the methane by adopting a pressure swing adsorption method, the compressed methane enters the first decarburization mechanism from an air inlet of the first decarburization mechanism, the first decarburization mechanism is provided with more than one raw material gas decarburization tower, and the raw material gas decarburization tower adsorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide in the methane for coarse decarburization; the second decarburization mechanism is provided with more than one semi-finished gas decarburization tower, the semi-finished gas decarburization tower adsorbs residual carbon dioxide in the biogas to perform fine decarburization, and the natural gas after the fine decarburization flows into the natural gas pipe network from the gas outlet of the second decarburization mechanism. The patented technology suffers from the problems associated with the above.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a decarbonization system for biogas purification.
The decarbonization system for purifying the biogas comprises a pretreatment system, a cooling circulation system and a post-treatment system, wherein the pretreatment system, the cooling circulation system and the post-treatment system are used for purifying the deaminated and desulfurized biogas in sequence;
the pretreatment system comprises a buffer filter tank and a screw compressor, the buffer filter tank is connected with the screw compressor, and the biogas is filtered by the buffer filter tank and then is transmitted to the screw compressor for compression;
the cooling circulation system comprises a freeze dryer and a heat exchanger group, the freeze dryer is arranged between the pretreatment system and the post-treatment system, and the heat exchanger group recovers condensation heat of the freeze dryer through circulating water;
the post-treatment system comprises a fiber membrane group and a gas pressure reducer, the fiber membrane group is connected with the gas pressure reducer, the biogas is filtered again by the fiber membrane group and then is transmitted to the gas pressure reducer for pressure reduction treatment, and the decompressed biogas is conveyed to a product gas use point.
In some embodiments, the cooling circulation system further includes an oil cooler, the oil cooler is connected to the screw compressor, and a lubricant is circulated between the oil cooler and the screw compressor.
In some embodiments, the heat exchanger group includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is correspondingly provided with a first fan, the second heat exchanger is correspondingly provided with a second fan, the first heat exchanger is used as an inlet of cooling water, the cooling water flows to the second heat exchanger through the first heat exchanger, and when the cooling water is not available or heat recovery is not needed, the first fan and the second fan are started to discharge the recovered heat to the air.
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment system further comprises a pre-cooler disposed between the screw compressor and the freeze dryer, and the pre-cooler pre-cools the biogas by cooling water from an evaporator of the water source heat pump.
In some embodiments, the cooling circulation system further includes a water source heat pump, the water source heat pump is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the cooling water flows to the water source heat pump through the first heat exchanger, the cooling water which has been completely discharged in the first heat exchanger is divided into two paths through the water source heat pump, one path of the cooling water is cooled through an evaporator of the water source heat pump, the cooled cooling water pre-cools the biogas and performs heat recovery on condensation heat of the freeze dryer, the other path of the cooling water is heated through a condenser of the water source heat pump, and the heated cooling water heats the biogas.
In some embodiments, the freeze dryer includes a condenser and an evaporator, the condenser is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator is connected to the precooler, a refrigerant circulates between the evaporator and the condenser, the evaporator cools and dehumidifies the biogas, and the condenser heats the biogas.
In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger heats the heat-taking cooling water by recovering the condensation heat of the freeze dryer and the water source heat pump, and the first heat exchanger recovers the heat energy of the freeze dryer and the cold source heat pump; the second heat exchanger heats the heat-taking cooling water by recovering the heat of the screw compressor, and the second heat exchanger recovers the heat of the screw compressor.
In some embodiments, the aftertreatment system further includes a gas purifier and a gas heater, the gas purifier is connected to the evaporator, the other side of the gas purifier is connected to the gas heater, the gas purifier re-filters the biogas, and the gas heater transfers the condensed heat of the freeze dryer to the gas path portion at the front end of the fiber membrane group through a thermal energy circulation system to heat the biogas.
In some embodiments, the gas purifier comprises a multi-stage filtration system that employs high efficiency filters to reduce solid particulates to 0.01 μm or less, and a carbon bed filter disposed in the multi-stage filtration system to reduce oil content in the gas to 0.01ppm or less.
In some embodiments, the fiber membrane group comprises a primary membrane and a secondary membrane, after carbon dioxide in the biogas passes through the fiber membrane group, the external gas of the biogas is discharged in the primary membrane to form an exhaust gas, and after the biogas passes through the secondary membrane, the exhaust gas of the secondary membrane returns to a space between the buffer filter tank and the screw compressor through a loop to complete closed circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the pre-treatment system, the cooling circulation system and the post-treatment system are arranged to purify the deamination and desulfurization biogas in sequence, the heat parts of the freeze dryer, the oil cooler and the heat exchanger set are recovered through cooling water, and the energy of the condensation heat of the water source heat pump is recovered through cooling water circulation, so that the pre-cooling effect in the pre-cooler and the stable operation of the freeze dryer are ensured, the purpose of heat recovery is achieved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a decarbonization system for biogas purification according to the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will aid those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention. All falling within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a decarbonization system for biogas purification, which includes a pretreatment system, a cooling circulation system, and a post-treatment system, wherein the pretreatment system, the cooling circulation system, and the post-treatment system sequentially purify the deaminated and desulfurized biogas.
The pretreatment system comprises a buffer filter tank 1, a screw compressor 2 and a precooler 3, wherein the buffer filter tank 1 is connected with the screw compressor 2, the biogas is transmitted to the screw compressor 2 for compression after being filtered by the buffer filter tank 1, and the gas pressure of the biogas is increased to be more than 1.5MPaG from 1-2 KPaG. In order to avoid the influence of water and desulfurizer particle dust carried in the deamination and desulfurization completed biogas, a buffer filter tank 1 is additionally arranged in front of a pre-pressurization device and is used for removing dust particles, liquid water drops and the like in the raw material biogas. The purity of the gas at the inlet of the screw machine is ensured. The precooler 3 is arranged between the screw compressor 2 and the freeze dryer 18, and the precooler 3 precools the methane through cooling water from an evaporator of the water source heat pump 14.
The cooling circulation system comprises a freeze dryer 18, a heat exchanger group and an oil cooler 11, the freeze dryer 18 is arranged between the pretreatment system and the post-treatment system, and the cleaning and freeze-drying system adopts a freezing dryer to perform freeze-drying and dehydration on compressed methane. Firstly, the dew point of the process gas is reduced by utilizing the cold energy of the process gas, and the pressurized dew point of the treated gas is 3-10 ℃. And secondly, comprehensively utilizing the heat energy of the cold dryer and recovering the heat energy generated by the system. The heat exchanger group recovers condensation heat of the freeze dryer 18 through circulating water, the oil cooler 11 is connected with the screw compressor 2, and lubricating oil is arranged between the oil cooler 11 and the screw compressor 2 in a circulating flow mode.
The heat exchanger group comprises a first heat exchanger 12 and a second heat exchanger 15, a first fan 16 is correspondingly arranged on the first heat exchanger 12, a second fan 17 is correspondingly arranged on the second heat exchanger 15, the first heat exchanger 12 serves as an inlet of cooling water, the cooling water flows to the second heat exchanger 15 through the first heat exchanger 12, and when no cooling water exists or heat recovery is not needed, the first fan 16 and the second fan 17 are started to discharge the recovered heat to the air.
The cooling circulation system further comprises a water source heat pump 14, the water source heat pump 14 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 12, cooling water flows to the water source heat pump 14 through the first heat exchanger 12, the cooling water which is completely discharged in the first heat exchanger 12 is divided into two paths through the water source heat pump 14, one path of cooling water is cooled through an evaporator of the water source heat pump 14, the cooled cooling water is used for pre-cooling the methane and performing heat recovery on condensation heat of the freeze dryer 18, the other path of cooling water is used for heating through a condenser of the water source heat pump 14, and the heated cooling water is used for heating the methane.
The freeze dryer 18 comprises a condenser 13 and an evaporator 4, the condenser 13 is connected with the evaporator 4, the evaporator 4 is connected with the precooler 3, a refrigerant circularly flows between the evaporator 4 and the condenser 13, the evaporator 4 cools and dehumidifies the methane, and the condenser 13 heats the methane.
The first heat exchanger 12 heats the heat-taking cooling water by recovering the condensation heat of the freeze dryer 18 and the water source heat pump 14, and the first heat exchanger 12 recovers the heat energy of the freeze dryer 18 and the cold source heat pump; the second heat exchanger 15 heats the heat-taking cooling water by recovering the heat of the screw compressor 2, and the second heat exchanger 15 recovers the heat of the screw compressor 2.
Aftertreatment system includes fibre membrane group, gas pressure reducer 9, gas purifier 5 and gas heater 6, and the setting is connected with gas pressure reducer 9 to the fibre membrane group, and marsh gas is transmitted to gas pressure reducer 9 after filtering once more through the fibre membrane group and is carried out decompression treatment, and marsh gas after the decompression is carried to the product gas point of use. The gas purifier 5 is connected with the evaporator 4, the other side of the gas purifier 5 is connected with the gas heater 6, and the gas purifier 5 is used for filtering the methane again. In order to ensure the constant working temperature of the membrane module system and further ensure the stability and the high efficiency of the methane recovery efficiency of the system, the purified gas needs to be heated. The gas heater 6 transfers the condensation heat of the freeze dryer 18 to the gas path part at the front end of the fiber membrane module through a heat energy circulating system to heat the methane inlet gas.
The gas purifier 5 comprises a multi-stage filtration system, the multi-stage filtration system adopts a high-efficiency filter, the multi-stage filtration system reduces solid particles to be less than or equal to 0.01 mu m, a carbon bed filter is arranged in the multi-stage filtration system, and the carbon bed filter reduces the oil content in the gas to be less than or equal to 0.01 ppm. In this embodiment, the multistage filtration system employs a 304 stainless steel high efficiency filter.
The working principle of the hollow fiber membrane is that different gas molecules are separated through different permeation rates of different gases in the high polymer material hollow fiber membrane. Among them, a gas having a high permeation rate is referred to as "fast gas", and a gas having a low permeation rate is referred to as "slow gas". The fast gas is permeated fast, most of the fast gas is concentrated at one end of the gas inlet, and a small part of the fast gas penetrates to one end of the gas outlet; the "slow gas" penetrates slowly so that most of it penetrates the membrane module to the exhaust port end and a small portion is concentrated at the intake port end.
The water, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and oxygen in the biogas and the landfill gas are all 'fast gas', and the nitrogen and the methane are 'slow gas'. Therefore, the selectivity and the osmotic adsorption characteristics of the membrane group determine that the methane purification by the membrane method can remove a large amount of carbon dioxide and can remove part of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen impurities.
The fiber membrane group comprises a primary membrane 7 and a secondary membrane 8, after carbon dioxide in the biogas passes through the fiber membrane group, the discharged gas of the biogas is discharged in the primary membrane 7 to form discharged gas, and after the biogas passes through the secondary membrane 8, the discharged gas of the secondary membrane 8 returns to a position between the buffer filter tank 1 and the screw compressor 2 through a loop to complete closed circulation.
The foregoing description has described specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A decarbonization system for purifying biogas is characterized by comprising a pretreatment system, a cooling circulation system and a post-treatment system, wherein the pretreatment system, the cooling circulation system and the post-treatment system purify the deaminated and desulfurized biogas in sequence;
the pretreatment system comprises a buffer filter tank (1) and a screw compressor (2), the buffer filter tank (1) is connected with the screw compressor (2), and the biogas is filtered by the buffer filter tank (1) and then is transmitted to the screw compressor (2) for compression;
the cooling circulation system comprises a freeze dryer (18) and a heat exchanger group, the freeze dryer (18) is arranged between the pretreatment system and the aftertreatment system, and the heat exchanger group recovers condensation heat of the freeze dryer (18) through circulating water;
the post-treatment system comprises a fiber membrane group and a gas pressure reducer (9), the fiber membrane group is connected with the gas pressure reducer (9), the biogas is filtered again by the fiber membrane group and then transmitted to the gas pressure reducer (9) for pressure reduction treatment, and the decompressed biogas is conveyed to a product gas use point.
2. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling circulation system further comprises an oil cooler (11), the oil cooler (11) is connected to the screw compressor (2), and lubricating oil is circulated between the oil cooler (11) and the screw compressor (2).
3. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger group comprises a first heat exchanger (12) and a second heat exchanger (15), the first heat exchanger (12) is correspondingly provided with a first fan (16), the second heat exchanger (15) is correspondingly provided with a second fan (17), the first heat exchanger (12) is used as an inlet of cooling water, the cooling water flows to the second heat exchanger (15) through the first heat exchanger (12), and when the cooling water is not available or the heat recovery is not needed, the first fan (16) and the second fan (17) are started to discharge the recovered heat to the air.
4. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 3, characterized in that the pre-treatment system further comprises a pre-cooler (3), the pre-cooler (3) being arranged between the screw compressor (2) and the freeze dryer (18), the pre-cooler (3) pre-cooling the biogas by means of cooling water coming out of the evaporator of the water source heat pump (14).
5. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 4, wherein the cooling circulation system further comprises a water source heat pump (14), the water source heat pump (14) is in communication with the first heat exchanger (12), the cooling water flows to the water source heat pump (14) through the first heat exchanger (12), the cooling water which has been completely discharged in the first heat exchanger (12) is divided into two paths by the water source heat pump (14), one path of the cooling water passes through an evaporator of the water source heat pump (14) to be cooled, the cooled cooling water pre-cools the biogas and recovers condensation heat of the freeze dryer (18), the other path of the cooling water passes through a condenser of the water source heat pump (14) to be heated, and the heated cooling water heats the biogas.
6. The decarbonization system for purifying biogas according to claim 5, characterized in that the freeze dryer (18) comprises a condenser (13) and an evaporator (4), the condenser (13) is connected to the evaporator (4), the evaporator (4) is connected to the precooler (3), a refrigerant is circulated between the evaporator (4) and the condenser (13), the evaporator (4) cools and dehumidifies the biogas, and the condenser (13) heats the biogas.
7. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 5, characterized in that the first heat exchanger (12) heats the heat-extracting cooling water by recovering the condensation heat of the freeze dryer (18) and the water source heat pump (14), and the first heat exchanger (12) recovers the heat energy of the freeze dryer (18) and the cold source heat pump; the second heat exchanger (15) heats the heat-taking cooling water by recovering the heat of the screw compressor (2), and the second heat exchanger (15) recovers the heat energy of the screw compressor (2).
8. The decarbonization system for purifying biogas according to claim 6, wherein the post-treatment system further comprises a gas purifier (5) and a gas heater (6), the gas purifier (5) is connected with the evaporator (4), the other side of the gas purifier (5) is connected with the gas heater (6), the gas purifier (5) re-filters the biogas, and the gas heater (6) transfers the condensation heat of the freeze dryer (18) to the gas path part at the front end of the fiber membrane group through a heat energy circulation system to heat the biogas inlet gas.
9. Decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 8, characterized in that the gas purifier (5) comprises a multi-stage filtration system, which uses high efficiency filters, which reduces the solid particles to 0.01 μm or less, in which a carbon bed filter is arranged, which reduces the oil content in the gas to 0.01ppm or less.
10. The decarbonization system for biogas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber membrane group comprises a primary membrane (7) and a secondary membrane (8), the carbon dioxide in the biogas passes through the fiber membrane group, the external gas of the biogas is discharged in the primary membrane (7) to become a discharge gas, and after the biogas passes through the secondary membrane (8), the discharge gas of the secondary membrane (8) is returned to the space between the buffer filter tank (1) and the screw compressor (2) through a loop to complete a closed cycle.
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| CN202210545810.XA CN114774177A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | Decarbonization system for biogas purification |
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| CN202210545810.XA CN114774177A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | Decarbonization system for biogas purification |
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Application publication date: 20220722 |