CN114773417A - Cordycepin phosphate and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Cordycepin phosphate and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114773417A
CN114773417A CN202210357818.3A CN202210357818A CN114773417A CN 114773417 A CN114773417 A CN 114773417A CN 202210357818 A CN202210357818 A CN 202210357818A CN 114773417 A CN114773417 A CN 114773417A
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应汉杰
王奕明
沈涛
庄伟�
陈进孟
欧阳平凯
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

The invention discloses cordycepin phosphate and a preparation method and application thereof. Compared with the parent drug, the lipophilic anticancer drug has better lipophilicity, better affinity to cell membranes, longer time of remaining in the body and longer half-life of the drug in the metabolism in the body. Cordycepin phosphate has good inhibitory effect on influenza A virus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus.

Description

Cordycepin phosphate and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to cordycepin phosphate, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preparing antiviral products.
Background
Viruses are pathogens that are seriously harmful to human health, and it is statistically estimated that about 60% of infectious diseases are caused by viral infections. In recent years, the worldwide epidemic spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS virus, novel coronavirus pneumonia (COV), avian influenza virus, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and the like has attracted unprecedented attention to viral diseases by people all over the world. Viral diseases are highly infectious and are easy to cause other diseases such as tumors and the like, so that the development of effective viral disease treatment is very important, and the great significance in the vigorous development of safe and effective antiviral drugs is achieved.
Nucleoside analogs have high antiviral activity and are useful as inhibitors of nucleic acid metabolism to interfere with viral propagation. The first representative nucleoside antibiotics, cordycepin (3' -deoxyadenosine), which was isolated in 1950, were the first nucleoside antibiotics, which have antibacterial activity and also have anti-RNA virus activity. Because the lipid solubility of the nucleoside analogue is poor, the nucleoside analogue is difficult to absorb, is easy to be metabolized and inactivated by deaminase, has short half-life period, has larger toxicity to normal cells, and is easy to generate drug resistance and the like by some tumor cells or viruses, the use effect of the nucleoside medicament is greatly reduced. One way to overcome these drawbacks is to attach the drug to a non-toxic carrier molecule to protect the drug from degradation and transport to the target cell, and then release the drug by enzymatic or chemical action to exert its pharmacological effect. The method utilizes lipophilic fatty acid ester, amide or phosphate of the nucleoside drugs as a molecular reservoir of parent drugs.
The nucleoside phosphate ester compounds all show certain antiviral activity, and have the following characteristics: 1. has better lipophilicity than nucleoside parent drug, and can play a therapeutic role through biological barrier; 2. the nucleoside is protected from metabolic inactivation and difficult hydrolysis, and the active parent drug is released in cells under the action of enzyme, so that the activity is high and the toxicity is low; 3. the production of a truly cellular active ingredient without the action of a kinase is an essential precursor of nucleoside triphosphates; 4. the protein has higher affinity to cell membranes, and most of the protein is absorbed by macrophages, thereby being beneficial to the virus treatment of the cells; 5. has larger tissue retention than free nucleoside, longer time of remaining in cells than nucleoside, and lasting effect; 6. can spontaneously aggregate to form a helical strand similar to DNA in an aqueous medium, and further form a super structure similar to the DNA. Thus, such compounds also have broader biological properties and, for their use as pharmaceuticals, can be administered not only orally, but also as injectables. Therefore, the invention provides cordycepin phosphate, a preparation method thereof and application of the cordycepin phosphate in preparation of antiviral products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides cordycepin phosphate.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a composition containing cordycepin phosphate.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of the cordycepin phosphate.
The invention finally aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the cordycepin phosphate and the composition.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the invention discloses cordycepin phosphate shown as a formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug or metabolite thereof;
Figure BDA0003582687910000021
wherein R is selected from alkyl, preferably C1-C5 alkyl, more preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl or isopentyl, and even more preferably any one of the structures represented by formula 1-formula 7.
Figure BDA0003582687910000022
In order to solve the second technical problem, the present invention discloses a composition, wherein the active ingredient of the composition comprises the cordycepin phosphate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug, or metabolite thereof.
In order to solve the third technical problem, the invention discloses a preparation method of the cordycepin phosphate, which is prepared by reacting cordycepin, a chlorophosphate compound and amine in an organic solvent; preferably, the cordycepin and the phosphorochloridite compound are dissolved in an organic solvent and then added with amine for reaction to prepare the cordycepin and the phosphorochloridite compound.
Wherein the organic solvent includes, but is not limited to, pyridine.
Wherein, the chlorophosphate compounds include but are not limited to dimethyl chlorophosphate, diethyl chlorophosphate, di-n-propyl chlorophosphate, diisopropyl chlorophosphate, dibutyl chlorophosphate, diamyl chlorophosphate, and diisoamyl chlorophosphate; the chlorophosphate compound can be prepared according to the prior art, can be sold in the market, and can be prepared according to the following method: dissolving tert-butyl hypochlorite in dichloromethane at room temperature, stirring continuously, slowly adding phosphite ester compound, reacting for 2 hours in a dark place, removing solvent under reduced pressure, adding toluene, and vacuum evaporating to obtain corresponding chlorophosphate ester compound; the phosphite ester compound is dimethyl phosphite, diethyl phosphite, di-n-propyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite, dipentyl phosphite and diisoamyl phosphite.
Wherein the amine includes, but is not limited to, triethylamine.
Wherein the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the chlorophosphate compound to the amine is 6 (25-35): 40-50, preferably 6 (28-32): 48-52, and more preferably 6:30.6: 45.9.
Wherein the concentration of the cordycepin is 20-100 mmol/L, preferably 40-80 mmol/L, and more preferably 60 mmol/L.
Wherein the reaction temperature is 70-85 ℃.
Wherein, after the reaction is finished, saturated ammonium chloride is used for stopping the reaction, ethyl acetate is used for extraction, brine is used for washing, anhydrous magnesium sulfate is used for drying, and the cordycepin acid ester is obtained by a chromatographic column.
In order to solve the fourth technical problem, the invention discloses the application of the cordycepin phosphate, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, tautomers, solvates, prodrugs or metabolites thereof, or the composition in preparing medicaments for preventing and treating diseases.
Wherein the virus is any one of influenza A virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV).
The term "control" in the present invention means that a compound or formulation described herein is administered to prevent, ameliorate or eliminate a virus or one or more symptoms associated with the virus and includes:
i. inhibiting a virus or viral state, i.e., arresting its development;
alleviating the viral or disease-toxic state, i.e., causing regression of the disease or disease state.
The term "prevention" in the present invention means that a compound or formulation described herein is administered to prevent a disease or one or more symptoms associated with the disease, and includes: preventing the disease or condition from occurring in a mammal, particularly when such mammal is susceptible to the viral condition, but has not been diagnosed as having been infected with the viral condition.
The term "pharmaceutically acceptable" in the context of this invention is intended to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
The compounds of the present invention may exist in specific geometric or stereoisomeric forms. The present invention contemplates all such compounds, including cis and trans isomers, (-) -and (+) -enantiomers, (R) -and (S) -enantiomers, diastereomers, (D) -isomers, (L) -isomers, as well as racemic and other mixtures thereof, such as enantiomerically or diastereomerically enriched mixtures, all of which are within the scope of the present invention. Additional asymmetric carbon atoms may be present in substituents such as alkyl groups. All such isomers, as well as mixtures thereof, are included within the scope of the present invention.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the cordycepin phosphate provided by the invention can inhibit the replication of viruses and has a certain antiviral proliferation effect. Compared with the parent drug, the lipophilic anticancer drug has better lipophilicity, better affinity to cell membranes, longer time of remaining in the body and longer half-life of the drug in the metabolism in the body. Cordycepin phosphate has good inhibitory effect on influenza A virus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus.
Detailed Description
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Dibutyl chlorophosphate prepared in the following examples according to this method, tributyl phosphite 0.05mol, 3% 1, 3-dimethyl imidazolidinone dissolved in 15mL of dichloromethane, triphosgene 0.017mol (dissolved in 5mL of dichloromethane) slowly added dropwise at 5 deg.C, when completely mixed, stirred at 30-35 deg.C for 2 hours, then the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and vacuum evaporation was performed to obtain dibutyl chlorophosphate. The diamyl chlorophosphate is also prepared by a similar method.
Example 1: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 1
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of dimethyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and dimethyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting the triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop (after dropping for 10 min), reacting for 24h at 80 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by using saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by using ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying the organic phase by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 2: 9) to obtain 1.745g of the compound of the formula 1, wherein the yield is 81%.
Example 2: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 2
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of diethyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and diethyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting the triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop (after dropping for 10 min), reacting for 23h at 75 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by using saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by using ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying the organic phase by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 3: 9) to obtain 1.812g of the compound of the formula 2, wherein the yield is 78%.
Example 3: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 3
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of di-n-propyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and di-n-propyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop the triethylamine (after dropping the triethylamine for 10 min), reacting for 24h at 85 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by ethyl acetate, washing the organic phase by using brine, drying the organic phase by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing the organic phase through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 1: 4) to obtain 1.993g of the compound of the formula 3, wherein the yield is 80%.
Example 4: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 4
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of diisopropyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and diisopropyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop the triethylamine (after dropping the triethylamine for 10 min), reacting for 25h at 70 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 1: 4) to obtain 1.868g of the compound of the formula 4, wherein the yield is 75%.
Example 5: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 5
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of dibutyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and dibutyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting the triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop the triethylamine (after dropping the triethylamine for 10 min), reacting for 30h at 70 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by using saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by using ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying the organic phase by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 2: 9) to obtain 1.915g of the compound shown in the formula 5, wherein the yield is 72%.
Example 6: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 6
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of dipentyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and dipentyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop the triethylamine (after the dropping of the triethylamine for 10 min), reacting for 25h at 80 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 1: 5) to obtain 2.121g of the compound shown in the formula 6, wherein the yield is 75%.
Example 7: preparation of cordycepin phosphate formula 7
Accurately weighing 100mL of pyridine, 6mmol of cordycepin, 45.9mmol of triethylamine and 30.6mmol of diisoamyl chlorophosphate, putting the weighed pyridine, cordycepin and diisoamyl chlorophosphate into a three-neck flask, putting the triethylamine into a constant-pressure dropping funnel, starting to slowly drop the triethylamine (the dropping is finished for 10 min), reacting for 25h at 80 ℃ under magnetic stirring, stopping the reaction by using saturated ammonium chloride, extracting by using ethyl acetate, washing an organic phase by using brine, drying the organic phase by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then passing through a chromatographic column (methanol: dichloromethane ═ 1: 5) to obtain 2.205g of the compound of the formula 7, wherein the yield is 78%.
The physicochemical characterization data of the compounds represented by formulas 1 to 7 are shown in Table 1,1HNMR、13the CNMR and high resolution mass spectral data are shown in table 1.
Process for producing compounds represented by formulas 1 to 7 in Table 11HNMR、13CNMR and high resolution mass spectral data
Figure BDA0003582687910000061
Figure BDA0003582687910000071
Figure BDA0003582687910000081
Example 8: inhibitory effect of cordycepin phosphate on influenza A virus
(1) Adding medicine and infecting: MDCK cells were prepared in a 5X 10 format4Each well was plated on a 24-well plate, a vitramin-containing MEM medium (200. mu.L/well) was added thereto, the mixture was cultured at 37 ℃ for 12 hours, thereafter, cordycepin phosphate esters represented by formulas 1 to 7 (10. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL, 1mg/mL, and 10mg/mL) were added thereto at different concentrations, influenza A virus with an MOI of 0.1 was infected to each well, the solution was changed after 4 hours of infection, and the supernatant was collected after 24 hours.
(2) Determination of Plaque-Forming Unit (PFU): preparing a MDCK cell 12-hole culture plate with the cell fusion degree of more than or equal to 95%, discarding cell culture solution, washing for 2 times by PBS (phosphate buffer solution), diluting the collected supernatant to the required dilution degree in a gradient manner by 10 times, inoculating 500 mu L of supernatant dilution solution into each cell hole, and incubating for 1 hour at 37 ℃. Preheating 2 XMEM culture medium at 37 deg.C, preparing 2% low melting point agarose gel, dissolving completely, and placing in 50 deg.C water bath to prevent coagulation. After 1 hour, the virus supernatant was discarded, washed 2 times with PBS, and mixed 1:1 in 2% low-melting agarose gel and 2 XMEM mediumTPCK pancreatin with a final concentration of 2. mu.g/mL, 0.2% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and 100U/mL penicillin-streptomycin were combined and mixed well. 1mL of agarose MEM medium was added to each well, and after complete coagulation, the cells were inverted and placed in CO at 37 deg.C2And (5) observing and counting the plaques after 48 hours in an incubator. Index of antiviral Activity IC50Calculated according to the curve of the inhibition rate and the concentration.
Example 9: test of anti-HIV-1 Activity of Cordycepin phosphate Compounds
Methods for testing anti-HIV-1 activity references (Antimicrob. AgentsChemother.,1992,36,2423) were performed in PBM lymphocytes. The cordycepin phosphate prodrug is prepared into a DMSO (20-40mM) solution, and then diluted into a series of different concentrations to react with HIV-1LAIVirus-infected PBM cells were co-cultured. HIV-1LAIThe MOI of the number ratio of virus to PBM cells is 0.01, the DMSO solvent has no influence on virus propagation, the AZT is used as a reference, and the antiviral activity index EC is used as an index50Calculated from inhibition-concentration curves (adv. enzymeregul.,1984,22, 27).
Example 10: test of anti-HBV activity of Cordycepin phosphate ester Compound
Huh7 cells were transfected with plasmid pCI _ HBVpg1820, cordycepin phosphate represented by formulas 1 to 7 was diluted 1000-fold (5 μ g/mL) with DMSO, stored at-20 ℃, and further diluted to a final concentration of 10 μ M in DMEM cell culture medium. After 4 days of culture at 37 ℃, double real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to quantify the viral DNA within the capsid. Cells were quantified by real-time PCR using primers. In Huh7 cells, cells were seeded at a rate of 50,000 cells/well in collagen-coated 96-well plates. Test compounds were added to Huh7 cells to a final concentration of 10 μ M.
Real-time PCR amplification of HBV DNA was performed with LightCycler480, and the experiment was continued for 7 days. On day 7, total DNA was purified from the supernatant. Inhibition of HBV DNA replication by 50% (IC) as determined by linear regression50) The concentration of the compound (c).
TABLE 2 inhibitory Effect of cordycepin phosphate on influenza A Virus, HIV-1 and HBV, respectively (IC)50)
Figure BDA0003582687910000091
The invention provides a cordycepin phosphate, a preparation method thereof, and a thought and a method for application in preparation of antiviral products, and a method and a way for realizing the technical scheme are many, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the invention, a plurality of improvements and embellishments can be made, and should be regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. Cordycepin phosphate shown as formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug, or metabolite thereof;
Figure FDA0003582687900000011
wherein R is selected from alkyl; preferably, R is selected from C1-C5 alkyl; preferably, R is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl or isopentyl.
2. The cordycepin phosphate ester according to claim 1, wherein the cordycepin phosphate ester is any one of structures represented by formula 1 to formula 7;
Figure FDA0003582687900000012
3. a composition, characterized in that its active ingredient comprises the cordycepin phosphate of claim 1 or claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug thereof, or metabolite thereof.
4. The method for preparing cordycepin phosphate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cordycepin phosphate is prepared by reacting cordycepin, a chlorophosphate compound and amine in an organic solvent.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the phosphorochloridite compound is any one or a combination of dimethyl chlorophosphate, diethyl chlorophosphate, di-n-propyl chlorophosphate, diisopropyl chlorophosphate, dibutyl chlorophosphate, diamyl chlorophosphate and diisoamyl chlorophosphate.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the phosphorochloridates is 6 (25-35); preferably, the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the chlorophosphate compound is 6 (28-32); preferably, the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the chlorophosphate compound is 6: 30.6.
7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the amine is 6 (40-50); preferably, the molar ratio of the cordycepin to the amine is 6 (48-52); preferably, the molar ratio of cordycepin to amine is 6: 45.9.
8. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of cordycepin is 20-100 mmol/L; preferably, the concentration of the cordycepin is 40-80 mmol/L; preferably, the concentration of the cordycepin is 60 mmol/L.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein the reaction temperature is 70 to 85 ℃.
10. The use of the cordycepin phosphate as defined in claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug, or metabolite thereof, or the composition as defined in claim 2, or the cordycepin phosphate prepared by the method as defined in any one of claims 6 to 8, for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of diseases;
preferably, the virus is any one of influenza a virus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus.
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