CN114772887B - Method for improving methane yield of anaerobic sludge digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate - Google Patents
Method for improving methane yield of anaerobic sludge digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114772887B CN114772887B CN202210370755.5A CN202210370755A CN114772887B CN 114772887 B CN114772887 B CN 114772887B CN 202210370755 A CN202210370755 A CN 202210370755A CN 114772887 B CN114772887 B CN 114772887B
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving methane yield of anaerobic sludge digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate, belonging to the field of sludge treatment and recycling. Putting sludge of a town sewage treatment plant into an anaerobic digestion tank, adding a certain amount of ammonium bicarbonate solution to ensure that the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 2000-7000mg/L, and performing anaerobic digestion for about 30-80d at the temperature of 30-40 ℃. The result shows that the addition of ammonium bicarbonate can promote the hydrolysis of the excess sludge and improve the yield of methane after anaerobic digestion of the sludge. The method is simple and easy to implement, is used for recycling, harmless and reducing the excess sludge of the urban sewage treatment plant, and has good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving methane yield of anaerobic sludge digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment and recycling.
Background
In the field of town sewage treatment, an activated sludge method is the most widely applied biological treatment technology at present, and a large amount of excess sludge can be generated by the activated sludge method while most of pollutants in sewage are reduced. With the increasing of sewage treatment capacity and sludge yield, the traditional sludge landfill cannot meet the current requirements on sludge treatment reduction, reclamation and harmlessness due to space limitation, and anaerobic digestion is becoming important as a feasible sludge reclamation energy technology. Anaerobic digestion is a degradation process that utilizes microorganisms to convert complex organics into methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions. After anaerobic digestion, municipal sludge can also generate biogas while greatly reducing the volume, thereby realizing sludge reduction and recycling biomass energy. At present, the anaerobic digestion process is mainly divided into four stages, namely hydrolysis, fermentation acidification, hydrogen production, acetic acid production and methane production. However, in the practical use of anaerobic digestion, the microbial activity is often inhibited due to the restrictions of various factors such as temperature, pH, carbon nitrogen ratio, nutrition, etc., and thus the methane yield is often reduced. For anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge, the rate of dissolution of dewatered high solids sludge is slow, and the hydrolysis process is generally considered to be the primary rate limiting step. In view of this problem, various techniques for promoting sludge hydrolysis and increasing methane yield have been developed, including ultrasonic pretreatment, acid-base pretreatment, thermal hydrolysis techniques, and the like.
In the aspect of pretreatment technology, chinese patent publication No. CN109553254A discloses a pretreatment method for improving the dissolution of intracellular substances of excess sludge, which utilizes the combined pretreatment of calcium peroxide and ammonium chloride to adjust the pH value to be between 8.4 and 8.6, so that the concentration of free ammonia is 145-155mg/L, the dissolution of organic matters of the particles of the excess sludge can be improved, and the dissolved chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and the dissolved proteins are respectively improved by nearly 3 times and 5 times. Chinese patent publication No. CN108821530A discloses a method for improving the dissolution of organic matters in excess sludge by combined pretreatment, which utilizes ultrasonic waves and ammonium chloride to perform combined pretreatment, and adjusts the pH to be between 8.8 and 9.2, so that the concentration of free ammonia is 40-240mg/L, and the content of SCOD, soluble protein and soluble polysaccharide can be obviously improved. Chinese patent publication CN110656133a discloses a pretreatment method for promoting anaerobic fermentation production of medium-chain fatty acid by waste activated sludge, in which ammonium chloride is added and pH is adjusted to perform free ammonia pretreatment, when ph=10 is controlled, temperature is 25 ℃, initial free ammonia concentration is 255mg/L, n-caproic acid concentration after anaerobic digestion for 29 days is 2739-3390mg COD/L, which is obviously improved compared with 587-839mg COD/L of blank group. Chinese patent publication No. CN109554399A discloses a pretreatment method for improving the anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production efficiency of residual activated sludge, which is also characterized in that ammonium chloride is added and pH is regulated to carry out free ammonia pretreatment, so that not only can the dissolution of organic matters in the sludge be promoted, but also the activities of hydrogen-consuming microorganisms such as homoacetogenic bacteria, methanogenic bacteria and the like can be fully inhibited, and when the pH is controlled to be=9, the temperature is 37 ℃, the initial free ammonia concentration is 300mg/L, the hydrogen production rate can reach 14.65mL H 2 Per g VSS, 14.22 times that of the blank。
The above-mentioned various methods all utilize free ammonia to pretreat, thus promote the hydrolysis, acid production or hydrogen production process in the anaerobic digestion of mud, on the one hand, the above-mentioned various methods do not mention the methane production situation after long-term anaerobic digestion, the instruction meaning of anaerobic digestion of mud in the actual production is not complete enough. On the other hand, the pretreatment of free ammonia is realized by adding ammonium chloride in the above methods, but the ammonium chloride is taken as an acidic substance, so that the influence on the pH is large, and alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide and the like are additionally added to control the pH range of the system to be alkaline (9-10) in order to ensure that the expected concentration of the free ammonia is achieved, so that the system components are more complex, the stability is more difficult to control, the cost input of actual operation is increased, and the pH range is unfavorable for the growth of methane bacteria. In addition, in the anaerobic digestion system, the excessive ammonia nitrogen concentration generally affects the microbial activity, and finally the reduction of methane yield is shown, and researches show that when the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1500-7000mg/L, the methanogenesis of anaerobic digestion can be possibly inhibited, so that the high ammonia nitrogen environment is generally taken as an inhibiting factor of the anaerobic digestion.
Thus, there is a need to find a method for promoting the hydrolysis of sludge to produce acid and for increasing methane production without the need for long-term pretreatment of the sludge and without the need for additional pH adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the various technologies, the invention adopts a method of directly adding ammonium bicarbonate in the anaerobic digestion process without regulating the pH (the initial pH range is 7-8), so that the invention not only can promote the hydrolysis and acid production of the sludge, but also can promote the methane yield of the anaerobic digestion of the sludge, and is a more economic and environment-friendly method. The invention is simple and easy to implement, can effectively realize the recycling, harmless and reduction of the sludge, and has engineering application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for increasing methane production by anaerobic digestion of sludge using ammonium bicarbonate, the method comprising:
taking sludge of a sewage treatment plant as a digestion substrate, adding the sludge into an anaerobic digestion tank, and adding ammonium bicarbonate solution to ensure that the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 2000-7000mg/L; sealing the anaerobic digestion tank for anaerobic digestion, wherein the anaerobic digestion temperature is set to be 30-40 ℃ and the anaerobic digestion time is set to be 30-80d.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sewage treatment plant is a town sewage treatment plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sludge index of the sewage treatment plant is as follows: the sludge concentration is 3-15g/L, the initial pH is 6.8-7.0, the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 20-100mg/L, the heavy metal content is lower than 0.0001 mug/L, and the microbial activity in the anaerobic digestion process is not affected.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pH of the system does not need to be adjusted within the system of the anaerobic digester.
In one embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 0.15-0.25mg/L.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method specifically includes: taking sludge of a town sewage treatment plant as a digestion substrate, and placing the sludge in an anaerobic digestion tank; adding ammonium bicarbonate solution into the digestion substrate, and not adjusting the pH of the system to ensure that the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 2000-7000mg/L; and (3) sealing the anaerobic digestion tank for anaerobic digestion, setting the temperature to be 30-40 ℃ and the time to be 30-80d, and collecting and detecting the methane yield.
The invention also provides a method for treating urban sewage, which utilizes an activated sludge method to treat urban sewage and utilizes the method to treat residual sludge.
The invention also provides application of the method in the environmental field.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, ammonium bicarbonate is added into the sludge, so that the dissolution of organic matters in the sludge can be promoted, more available substrates are released, and compared with the single anaerobic digestion of the sludge, the SCOD is improved by 3-5 times
2. According to the invention, ammonium bicarbonate is added into the sludge, so that the methane yield of anaerobic digestion of the sludge can be increased, and compared with independent anaerobic digestion of the sludge, the methane yield is increased by 10% -25%.
3. The average value of the commercial industrial ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride is 1900 yuan/ton and 3500 yuan/ton, and the cost of the ammonium bicarbonate and the ammonium chloride is about 10.7 yuan and 13.3 yuan respectively after calculating that 1 kilogram of ammonia nitrogen is added into the sludge; compared with various pretreatment methods which utilize ammonium chloride and adjust the pH, the method has the advantages of simple operation, cost reduction and engineering application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process method for improving methane yield of sludge anaerobic digestion by ammonium bicarbonate.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of SCOD during anaerobic sludge digestion in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the cumulative methane yield during anaerobic sludge digestion in examples 1-3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and figures. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent in conjunction with the following description. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The method for measuring the ammonia nitrogen concentration comprises the following steps: the Navier reagent spectrophotometry recommended in the urban wastewater quality standard test method (CJ/T51-2018) is adopted.
SCOD measurement method: and (3) adopting a Hash rapid digestion spectrophotometry, and after a sample is digested on the DRB200 intelligent digestion instrument for 2 hours, measuring SCOD by using a DR3900 visible light spectrophotometer.
The methane determination method comprises the following steps: and (3) measuring various gas components in the biogas by using a gas chromatography method and an Agilent GC 6890 gas chromatograph, and calculating according to a standard curve to obtain the methane yield.
Municipal sludge is obtained from a sewage treatment plant in Shanghai city, the sludge concentration is 10g/L, the initial pH is 6.97, and the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 50mg/L.
Example 1
And adding 200g of dehydrated municipal sludge with the solid content of about 12% into an anaerobic digestion tank, adding 13mL of ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.25g/mL to ensure that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic digestion tank is 3g/L, sealing the anaerobic digestion tank, and then placing the anaerobic digestion tank into a constant-temperature oscillation incubator, wherein the temperature is set at 35 ℃, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the time is 80d for anaerobic digestion. Meanwhile, municipal sludge from the same source is subjected to anaerobic digestion alone (without adding ammonium bicarbonate) under the same conditions, and the municipal sludge is used as a blank control group.
The result shows that the highest SCOD released by the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate in the anaerobic digestion process is 7265g/mL, which is 3.15 times that of a blank group (see FIG. 2). The accumulated methane yield after 80d anaerobic digestion of the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate is 242.51mL/g VS, which is improved by 24.27% compared with the blank group (see figure 3).
Example 2
And adding 200g of dehydrated municipal sludge with the solid content of about 12% into an anaerobic digestion tank, adding 22mL of ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.25g/mL to ensure that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic digestion tank is 5g/L, sealing the anaerobic digestion tank, and then placing the anaerobic digestion tank into a constant-temperature oscillation incubator, wherein the temperature is set at 35 ℃, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the time is 80d for anaerobic digestion. Meanwhile, municipal sludge from the same source was subjected to anaerobic digestion alone under the same conditions, and this was used as a blank group.
The results show that the highest SCOD released by the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate in the anaerobic digestion process is 8810g/mL, which is 4.03 times that of the blank group (see FIG. 2). The cumulative methane yield after 80d anaerobic digestion of the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate is 231.64mL/g VS, which is 18.70% higher than that of the blank group (see figure 3).
Example 3
And adding 200g of dehydrated municipal sludge with the solid content of about 12% into an anaerobic digestion tank, adding 31mL of ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.25g/mL to ensure that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic digestion tank is 7g/L, sealing the anaerobic digestion tank, and then placing the anaerobic digestion tank into a constant-temperature oscillation incubator, wherein the temperature is set at 35 ℃, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the time is 80d for anaerobic digestion. Meanwhile, municipal sludge from the same source was subjected to anaerobic digestion alone under the same conditions, and this was used as a blank group.
The result shows that the highest SCOD released by the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate in the anaerobic digestion process is 10185g/mL, which is 4.82 times that of a blank group (see figure 2). The accumulated methane yield after 80d anaerobic digestion of the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate is 215.14mL/g VS, which is improved by 10.25% compared with the blank group (see figure 3).
Comparative example 1
And adding 200g of dehydrated municipal sludge with the solid content of about 12% into an anaerobic digestion tank, adding 4mL of ammonium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 0.25g/mL to ensure that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic digestion tank is 1g/L, sealing the anaerobic digestion tank, and then placing the anaerobic digestion tank into a constant-temperature oscillation incubator, wherein the temperature is set at 35 ℃, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the time is 80d for anaerobic digestion. Meanwhile, municipal sludge from the same source was subjected to anaerobic digestion alone under the same conditions, and this was used as a blank group.
The result shows that the highest SCOD released by the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate in the anaerobic digestion process is 2815g/mL, which is only improved by 60% compared with a blank group. The accumulated methane yield after 80d anaerobic digestion of the sludge added with ammonium bicarbonate is 199.55mL/g VS, which is only improved by 2.05% compared with a blank group. Compared with examples 1-3, when the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 2g/L, the promotion effect of the ammonium bicarbonate on the anaerobic digestion of the sludge on the methane production is less obvious.
Meanwhile, the high ammonia nitrogen condition in the anaerobic digestion of the sludge generally inhibits the methane production, but the related experimental result of the invention shows that the methane production is improved to some extent under the specific high ammonia nitrogen concentration, and the reason is that the addition of the ammonium bicarbonate promotes the hydrolysis and acidification of the sludge, releases more available substrates, influences the composition and the metabolic mechanism of a microbial community, and realizes the improvement of the methane yield.
Comparative example 2
200mL of municipal sludge with solid content of about 2% is taken and added into an anaerobic digestion tank, 7mL of ammonium chloride solution with concentration of 0.3g/mL is added, so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic digestion tank is 3g/L, the anaerobic digestion tank is sealed and then placed into a constant-temperature oscillation incubator, the temperature is set at 35 ℃, the oscillation speed is 200rpm, and the anaerobic digestion is carried out for 30 days. Meanwhile, municipal sludge from the same source was subjected to anaerobic digestion alone under the same conditions, and this was used as a blank group.
The result shows that the pH range of the sludge after adding ammonium chloride is 6.6-6.8, and the pH range of the blank group is 6.8-7.0; the cumulative methane yield after adding ammonium chloride is 70.03mL/g VS, the cumulative methane yield of a blank group is 68.84mL/g VS, and anaerobic digestion cannot be continued after 30 days, which indicates that the separate addition of ammonium chloride is easy to cause acidification of anaerobic digestion conditions, and has little effect of promoting sludge anaerobic digestion to produce methane.
While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto, and various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving methane production of sludge anaerobic digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking sludge of a sewage treatment plant as a digestion substrate, adding the sludge into an anaerobic digestion tank, and adding ammonium bicarbonate solution so that the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 3000-5000 mg/L; sealing the anaerobic digestion tank to perform anaerobic digestion, wherein the anaerobic digestion temperature is set to be 30-40 ℃ and the anaerobic digestion time is set to be 30-80 d;
wherein the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution is 0.15-0.25 mg/L; the pH of the system does not need to be regulated in the system of the anaerobic digestion tank; the sludge concentration is 3-15g/L, the initial pH is 6.8-7.0, and the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 20-100mg/L.
2. The method for increasing methane production by anaerobic sludge digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate according to claim 1, wherein the sewage treatment plant is a town sewage treatment plant.
3. A method for treating urban sewage, characterized in that the method utilizes an activated sludge method to treat urban sewage and utilizes a method for improving the methane yield of sludge anaerobic digestion by using ammonium bicarbonate as claimed in claim 1 or 2 to treat residual sludge.
4. Use of a method for increasing methane production by anaerobic digestion of sludge using ammonium bicarbonate according to claim 1 or 2 or a method for town sewage treatment according to claim 3 in the environmental field.
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| CN113957100A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-21 | 澳门大学 | Anaerobic fermentation method of kitchen waste with low carbon-nitrogen ratio |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20210147274A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-20 | Metro Wastewater Reclamation District | Post-digestion aerobic treatment for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorous removal |
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Patent Citations (8)
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| CN101708937A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-19 | 南京工业大学 | Method for promoting sludge to be reduced by ozone |
| CN103693813A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-02 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for strengthening sludge digestion and synchronously denitrifying and dephosphorizing |
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