CN114771824B - Automatic folding device of screw, screw and aircraft - Google Patents
Automatic folding device of screw, screw and aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771824B CN114771824B CN202210707858.6A CN202210707858A CN114771824B CN 114771824 B CN114771824 B CN 114771824B CN 202210707858 A CN202210707858 A CN 202210707858A CN 114771824 B CN114771824 B CN 114771824B
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- paddle
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- paddle disk
- disc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/22—Compound rotorcraft, i.e. aircraft using in flight the features of both aeroplane and rotorcraft
- B64C27/30—Compound rotorcraft, i.e. aircraft using in flight the features of both aeroplane and rotorcraft with provision for reducing drag of inoperative rotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/32—Rotors
- B64C27/46—Blades
- B64C27/473—Constructional features
- B64C27/50—Blades foldable to facilitate stowage of aircraft
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic propeller folding device, a propeller and an aircraft, and particularly relates to the technical field of aviation. The automatic propeller folding device comprises a first propeller disc, a second propeller disc, a resetting assembly and a clutch device, wherein the first propeller disc is provided with first blades, the second propeller disc is coaxially and rotatably connected with the first propeller disc, and the second propeller disc is provided with second blades; the resetting assembly is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk, and the clutch device is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk; under the action of the clutch device and the reset assembly, the paddles of the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk are automatically switched between the unfolding state and the folding state. When the propeller works, the folding device automatically unfolds the first blade and the second blade to provide power for vertical lifting of the aircraft; when the propeller stops rotating, the folding device automatically folds the first blade and the second blade so as to reduce the air resistance of the aircraft in horizontal flight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation, in particular to an automatic propeller folding device, a propeller and an aircraft.
Background
The composite wing aircraft becomes a very popular model in the industrial unmanned aerial vehicle by taking the capabilities of vertical take-off and landing and horizontal flight into account, and the holding capacity of the composite wing aircraft in the civil market is very large at present. However, the composite wing aircraft has obvious defects that in the horizontal flight state, the air resistance brought by the vertical lifting propeller is very large, the flight range is seriously influenced, and the flight economy is reduced. Therefore, how to reduce the air resistance of the vertical lift propeller becomes one of the most concerned technical problems for aircraft designers.
In the unmanned aerial vehicle field commonly used, adopt the hinge to install the paddle on the oar dish usually for the paddle is in the free state always, utilizes the rotatory centrifugal force of oar dish to expand the paddle. However, the technology can only ensure that the blades are unfolded in place when the paddle wheel rotates, but cannot ensure that the blades are folded in place when the paddle wheel stops rotating, the actual requirement of the composite wing aircraft on reducing air resistance cannot be met, and meanwhile, the blades which are always in a free state have great instability and potential safety hazards and cannot be applied to machines and scenes with high safety requirements, such as manned aircraft or cargo aircraft.
Therefore, it is required to develop an automatically foldable propeller to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic propeller folding device, a propeller and an aircraft, so that the air resistance brought by the propeller is reduced and the flight range is increased when a composite wing aircraft is in a horizontal flight state.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides an automatic folding device for a propeller, including a first paddle disk, a second paddle disk, a reset assembly and a clutch device, wherein the first paddle disk has first blades thereon, the second paddle disk is coaxially arranged with the first paddle disk and is rotatably connected thereto, and the second paddle disk has second blades thereon; the resetting assembly is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk, and the clutch device is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is larger than a set threshold value, the clutch device automatically unlocks the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk relatively, and the first paddle and the second paddle are unfolded relatively; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is less than or equal to the set threshold, the second paddle disk is reset to a state that the second paddle blade and the first paddle blade are folded relatively through the resetting component, and is automatically locked with the first paddle disk through the clutch device.
In one example of the present invention, the clutch device includes a one-way clutch and a centrifugal clutch, and the one-way clutch and the centrifugal clutch are disposed coaxially with the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk.
In an example of the present invention, the centrifugal clutch includes an inner gear, an outer rack, and a spring, an inner ring of the one-way clutch is fixedly connected to the second paddle, the inner gear is disposed outside the one-way clutch and is fixedly connected to an outer ring of the one-way clutch, the outer rack is rotatably mounted on the first paddle, the spring is mounted on the first paddle and can press the outer rack against the inner gear, and the outer rack is engaged with or disengaged from the inner gear under the action of centrifugal force and the spring.
In an example of the present invention, a spring groove is formed on a side of the outer rack facing away from the inner gear, the spring is installed in the spring groove, one end of the spring is connected with the first paddle disk, and the other end of the spring is connected with the spring groove.
In one example of the invention, a rotation stopping limiter and a rotation pushing limiter are arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk, and when the first paddle disk rotates, the rotation pushing limiter pushes the second paddle disk to synchronously rotate; when the first paddle board stops rotating, the rotation stopping limiting device limits the second paddle board to rotate.
In an example of the present invention, the rotation stopping limiter and the rotation pushing limiter respectively include a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions are correspondingly disposed on the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk, the protrusions in the rotation stopping limiter cooperate with each other to limit the rotation of the second paddle disk, and the protrusions in the rotation pushing limiter cooperate with each other to push the rotation of the second paddle disk.
In an example of the present invention, the second paddle disk is connected to the first paddle disk through a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second paddle disk, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second paddle disk.
In an example of the present invention, the reset assembly includes a reset torsion spring, the reset torsion spring is coaxially disposed with the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk, one end of the reset torsion spring is connected with the first paddle disk, and the other end of the reset torsion spring is connected with the second paddle disk or the rotating shaft.
The invention provides a propeller, which comprises a driving device and the propeller automatic folding device; and a first propeller disc of the automatic propeller folding device is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving device.
The invention also provides an aircraft, which comprises a fuselage, wings arranged on the fuselage and propellers arranged on the wings, wherein the propellers comprise a driving device and the automatic propeller folding device; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is larger than a set threshold value, the clutch device automatically unlocks the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk relatively, and the first paddle and the second paddle are relatively unfolded and in a crossed state; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is less than or equal to a set threshold value, the second paddle disk is reset to a state that the second paddle blade and the first paddle blade are folded relatively through a reset assembly, and is automatically locked with the first paddle disk through the clutch device.
According to the automatic folding device for the propeller, the clutch device and the reset assembly are arranged between the first propeller disc and the second propeller disc, and the first propeller disc and the second propeller disc can rotate relatively under the action of the clutch device and the reset assembly, so that the first propeller blade and the second propeller blade can be automatically switched between the unfolding state and the folding state. When the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is larger than a set threshold value, the clutch device automatically unlocks the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk relatively, the first paddle blade and the second paddle blade are unfolded relatively, so that the propeller is in a working state, and a vertical lifting task can be effectively executed; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is smaller than or equal to a set threshold value, the second paddle disk is reset to a state that the second paddle and the first paddle are folded relatively through the reset assembly, and is automatically locked with the first paddle disk through the clutch device, so that the air resistance in flight can be effectively reduced, and the range and the economy of the plane in a flat flight state are increased. The position relation between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk is determined by the clutch device and the reset assembly, so that the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk are always in a constraint state, the working process is stable and reliable, and the safety is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic folding device for a propeller according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an automatic folding device for a propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a folded propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the propeller of the present invention shown deployed in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the propeller of the present invention in a standby state;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the instant the propeller is started;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rotation of the propeller of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the propeller of the present invention at the moment of stalling;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a propeller retracting state of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
100. A first paddle wheel; 110. a first blade; 120. a first rotation stop stopper; 130. a first rotation stopper; 200. a second paddle disk; 210. a second blade; 220. a second rotation stop limiter; 230. a second rotation stopper; 240. a rotating shaft; 300. a clutch device; 310. a one-way clutch; 311. an outer ring; 312. an inner ring; 320. a centrifugal clutch; 321. an internal gear; 322. an outer rack; 323. a spring; 324. a hinge; 400. a reset assembly; 410. a reset torsion spring.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used herein are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and that changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides an automatic folding device for a propeller, which includes a first paddle disk 100, a second paddle disk 200, a clutch device 300 and a reset assembly 400, wherein the first paddle disk 100 has a first paddle 110 thereon, the second paddle disk 200 has a second paddle 210 thereon, the second paddle disk 200 is coaxially disposed and rotatably connected with the first paddle disk 100, and the second paddle disk 200 can rotate back and forth between a first position and a second position of the first paddle disk 100; referring to fig. 5, when the second paddle board 200 is at the first position of the first paddle board 100, the second paddle 210 is folded with the first paddle 110; referring to fig. 7, when the second paddle board 200 is at the second position of the first paddle board 100, the second paddle 210 is unfolded to cross the first paddle 110. The clutch device 300 is arranged between the first paddle board 100 and the second paddle board 200, and the reset assembly 400 is arranged between the first paddle board 100 and the second paddle board 200; during the acceleration rotation of the first paddle disk 100, when the rotation speed of the first paddle disk 100 is greater than a set threshold value, the centrifugal force applied to an unlocking component (outer rack 322) in the clutch device 300 is greater than the set unlocking force of the clutch device 300 (the pressure of the spring 323 to the outer rack 322), the clutch device 300 automatically unlocks the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200 relatively, the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210 are relatively unfolded, that is, the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200 rotate relatively, so that the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210 are in a crossed state (for example, a 90-degree crossed state), at this time, the rotation of the propeller can provide power for the vertical lifting of the aircraft, so that the propeller can effectively perform a vertical lifting task; after the driving force applied to first paddle 100 is stopped, when the rotating speed of first paddle 100 is less than or equal to the set threshold, the centrifugal force applied to the unlocking component in clutch 300 begins to be gradually less than the set unlocking force of clutch 300, at this time, clutch 300 locks first paddle and second paddle in one direction, (i.e. second paddle 200 is locked from the first position to the second position of first paddle 100, and only second paddle 200 is allowed to be locked from the second position to the first position of first paddle 100), second paddle 200 is reset to the state that second paddle 210 and first paddle 110 are folded relatively by reset assembly 400, at this time, first paddle 100 and second paddle 200 are self-locked with first paddle 100 by clutch 300, that is, second paddle 200 is rotated from the second position to the first position of first paddle 100 under the action of reset assembly 400, and first paddle 110 and second paddle 110 are cross-restored from the state 210 to the mutually overlapped first folded state, this allows the first blade 110 and the second blade 210 to be extended in the same direction as the aircraft heading, which effectively reduces the air resistance of the propeller when the aircraft is in horizontal flight.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the first paddle board 100 is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the driving device, and the second paddle board 200 is rotatably connected to the first paddle board 100 through a rotating shaft 240, specifically, one end of the rotating shaft 240 is fixedly connected to the second paddle board 200, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first paddle board 100. Preferably, the second paddle board 200 and the rotating shaft 240 are of an integral structure, for example, the middle portion of the second paddle board 200 is recessed towards the first paddle board 100 to form the rotating shaft 240, the first paddle board 100 is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the rotating shaft 240, and the other end of the rotating shaft 240 is rotatably mounted in the mounting hole of the first paddle board 100.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, in an embodiment, the clutch device 300 includes a one-way clutch 310 and a centrifugal clutch 320, and the one-way clutch 310 and the centrifugal clutch 320 are coaxially disposed with the first paddle 100 and the second paddle 200. The one-way clutch includes an inner race 312 and an outer race 311 that are concentrically arranged, and the inner race 312 of the one-way clutch 310 rotates unidirectionally as compared to the outer race 311. In this embodiment, the inner ring 312 of the one-way clutch 310 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 240 and rotates with the rotating shaft 240. The first paddle 100 is driven by the driving device to rotate in the positive direction in the Z direction, and the inner ring 312 can only rotate counterclockwise (i.e. from the second position of the first paddle to the first position of the first paddle, the positive direction in the Z direction in the figure) compared with the outer ring 311. Of course, in other embodiments, if the first paddle 100 is driven by the driving device to rotate in the negative direction of the Z direction, it may be set that the inner ring 312 can only rotate clockwise (i.e. the negative direction of the Z direction in the figure) compared to the outer ring 311 according to the requirement of unfolding and folding, and the relative rotation direction between the inner ring 312 and the outer ring 311 is related to the torque transmission mechanism of the one-way clutch 310. It should be noted that the structure of the one-way clutch 310 can refer to a one-way bearing structure or an overrunning clutch structure, and will not be described herein again.
Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, the centrifugal clutch 320 includes an inner gear 321, an outer rack 322 and a spring 323, the inner gear 321 is concentrically disposed with the outer ring 311 of the one-way clutch 310, and the inner gear 321 is located at the periphery of the outer ring 311 and is fixed to the outer ring 311; the outer rack 322 is disposed outside the inner gear 321 and is rotatably connected to the first paddle 100, the spring 323 is mounted on the first paddle 100 and can press the outer rack 322 against the inner gear 321, when the rotation speed of the first paddle 100 is greater than a set threshold, the centrifugal force applied to the outer rack 322 is greater than the pressing force of the spring 323, and the outer rack 322 rotates away from the inner gear 321, thereby unlocking the clutch device 300. When the rotating speed of the first paddle 100 is less than or equal to a set threshold value, the centrifugal force applied to the outer rack 322 is less than or equal to the pressing force of the spring 323, and the outer rack 322 gradually turns to the inner gear 321 until engaging with the inner gear 321 in the process of gradually decelerating the first paddle 100, so that the first paddle 100 and the inner gear 321 are locked in a one-way manner. Therefore, according to the present invention, under the centrifugal force and the pressure of the spring 323, the external rack gear 322 may be engaged with or disengaged from the internal gear 321, and the internal gear 321 may be locked or unlocked with the first paddle 100. Specifically, the outer rack 322 is an arc structure, one end of the outer rack 322 is installed on the first paddle 100 through the hinge 324, and the other end is a free end, for example, one end of the outer rack 322 is provided with a connecting hole, a corresponding position of the first paddle 100 is provided with a connecting hole, a pin sequentially passes through the connecting holes on the outer rack 322 and the first paddle 100 to realize the hinge joint of the outer rack and the first paddle, and the outer rack 322 can rotate around the pin. One side of the outer rack 322 facing the inner gear 321 is provided with gear teeth engaged with the inner gear 321, one side of the outer rack 322 facing away from the inner gear 321 is provided with a spring groove, the spring 323 is installed in the spring groove, one end of the spring 323 is connected with the first paddle 100, and the other end of the spring is connected with the spring groove. The first paddle board 100 may be provided with a plurality of outer racks 322 mounted through a hinge, and preferably, the first paddle board 100 is provided with two outer racks 322, the two outer racks 322 are symmetrically arranged about the rotation center of the first paddle board 100, and each outer rack 322 is mounted on the first paddle board 100 through a hinge 324 and a spring 323. When the first paddle 100 is in a stall state or the rotation speed of the first paddle 100 is less than or equal to a set threshold value, the elastic force of the spring 323 is greater than the rotation centrifugal force of the outer rack 322, the elastic force of the spring 323 enables the outer rack 322 to be pressed towards the axis of the first paddle 100, the outer rack 322 is meshed with the inner gear 321, and at this time, the inner gear 321 is locked with the first paddle 100; when the rotating speed of the first paddle 100 is greater than a set threshold value and the rotating centrifugal force of the outer toothed bar 322 is greater than the pressure of the spring 323, the outer toothed bar 322 rotates around the pin in the direction deviating from the axis of the first paddle 100, the outer toothed bar 322 is disengaged from the inner gear 321, and the inner gear 321 is unlocked from the first paddle 100.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, two first paddles 110 are disposed on the outer circumference of the first paddle tray 100, and the two first paddles 110 extend in a line shape; two second paddles 210 are correspondingly arranged on the second paddle board 200, and the two second paddles 210 also extend in a straight shape; a rotation stopping limiter and a rotation pushing limiter are arranged between the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200, and when the second paddle disk 200 rotates to the second position of the first paddle disk 100, the rotation pushing limiter pushes the second paddle disk 200 to rotate synchronously with the first paddle disk 100; when the second paddle disk 200 is rotated to the first position of the first paddle disk 100, the rotation stop limiter limits the rotation of the second paddle disk 200. In one embodiment, each of the rotation-pushing limiter and the rotation-stopping limiter includes a plurality of protrusions, the protrusions are correspondingly disposed on the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200, and the protrusions on the first paddle disk 100 and the protrusions on the second paddle disk 200 are staggered to limit the relative rotation of the second paddle disk 200 between the first position and the second position of the first paddle disk 100. For example, two first protrusions protruding from the upper surface of the first paddle tray 100 are provided at intervals on one side of the second paddle tray 200 facing the first paddle tray 100, and are respectively denoted as a first rotation stop stopper 120 and a first rotation push stopper 130, and the first rotation stop stopper 120 and the first rotation push stopper 130 are symmetrically provided about the center of the first paddle tray 100; two second protrusions protruding out of the lower surface of the paddle tray are arranged on one side of the second paddle tray 200 facing the first paddle tray 100, the two second protrusions are symmetrically arranged about the center of the second paddle tray 200, when the first paddle tray 100 and the second paddle tray 200 are installed, the first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged in a staggered mode, namely, the two first protrusions are respectively located in a groove between the two second protrusions, one side of the second protrusion corresponding to the first rotation stop stopper 120 is marked as a second rotation stop stopper 220, and one side of the second protrusion corresponding to the first rotation stop stopper 130 is marked as a second rotation stop stopper 230. With the relative rotation between the first paddle board 100 and the second paddle board 200, the first protrusion rotates between two second protrusions or the second protrusion rotates between two first protrusions, specifically referring to fig. 5, when the second paddle board 200 is at the first position of the first paddle board 100, the first rotation stop stopper 120 contacts with the second rotation stop stopper 220, the first rotation push stopper 130 is separated from the second rotation push stopper 230, the first paddle board 100 prevents the second paddle board 200 from rotating compared with the first paddle board 100 through the first rotation stop stopper 120 and the second rotation stop stopper 220, and at this time, the first paddle board 110 and the second paddle board 210 are in an overlapped state, that is, the included angle between the first paddle board 110 and the second paddle board 210 is 0 °; referring to fig. 6, when the second paddle tray 200 is located at the second position of the first paddle tray 100, the first rotation stop stopper 120 is separated from the second rotation stop stopper 220, and when the first rotation push stopper 130 contacts the second rotation push stopper 230, the first paddle tray 100 pushes the second paddle tray 200 to rotate synchronously through the first rotation push stopper 130 and the second rotation push stopper 230, at this time, the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210 are in a cross state, that is, an included angle is formed between the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210, and the included angle may be selected according to needs.
Of course, the two second protrusions on the second paddle 200 can also be respectively recorded as the second rotation stop limiter 220 and the second rotation pushing limiter 230, the first rotation stop limiter 120 is located on the side of the first protrusion corresponding to the second rotation stop limiter 220, and the first rotation push limiter 130 is located on the side corresponding to the second rotation pushing limiter 230. In other embodiments, the rotation push-stop and rotation stop stops may take other suitable configurations.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the restoring assembly 400 includes a restoring torsion spring 410, the restoring torsion spring 410 is disposed coaxially with the first and second paddles 100 and 200, when the first paddle 100 rotates, the restoring torsion spring 410 is gradually compressed in a process that the second paddle 200 rotates from a first position to a second position of the first paddle 100, and when a circumferential inertia force of the second turntable relative to the first turntable is smaller than a restoring torsion force of the restoring torsion spring 410 in a process that the first paddle 100 gradually stops rotating, the restoring torsion spring 410 can drive the second paddle 200 to be restored from the second position to the first position of the first paddle 100, that is, a position where the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210 overlap. Specifically, one end of the return torsion spring 410 is connected to the first paddle 100, and the other end is connected to the second paddle 200 or the rotating shaft 240. Preferably, both ends of the restoring torsion spring 410 are detachably and fixedly connected to the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200, respectively, for example, the first paddle disk 100 and the second paddle disk 200 are respectively provided with a mounting structure of the restoring torsion spring 410, the mounting structure is provided with a limiting groove matched with the end of the torsion spring, when the restoring torsion spring 410 is mounted, the restoring torsion spring can be firstly sleeved on the rotating shaft 240, and then both ends of the restoring torsion spring are respectively clamped into the limiting groove from the side of the limiting groove. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the reset assembly may be other elements as long as it can achieve compression during rotation of the second paddle disk from the first position to the second position, and release and drive the second paddle disk to reset from the second position to the first position when the circumferential inertia force of the second rotary disk relative to the first rotary disk is small, for example: rubber elastic body, hydraulic or pneumatic elastic body, etc.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a propeller, which includes a driving device and the above-mentioned automatic folding device of the propeller, wherein the first propeller disk 100 of the automatic folding device of the propeller is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the driving device, and the driving device drives the first propeller disk 100 to rotate. The propeller of the present invention has the following several states.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, when the first paddle 100 is in a stall state after the driving device stops rotating, the first rotation stop 120 contacts the second rotation stop 220, the spring 323 of the centrifugal clutch 320 presses the outer rack 322 toward the axis of the first paddle 100, so that the outer rack 322 is meshed with the inner gear 321, and the inner gear 321 and the outer ring 311 cannot rotate relative to the first paddle 100; because inner ring 312 of one-way clutch 310 cannot rotate in the Z-negative direction relative to outer ring 311, second disc 200 cannot rotate in the Z-negative direction relative to first disc 100, and because first rotation stop limiter 120 limits second rotation stop limiter 220, second disc 200 cannot rotate in the Z-positive direction relative to first disc 100, at this time, first disc 100 and second disc 200 are relatively fixed and cannot rotate relatively, and first blade 110 and second blade 210 overlap and extend in the course direction, thus when the aircraft is in a flat flight state, air resistance can be effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, when the driving device drives the first paddle 100 to rotate in the positive Z direction, the outer rack 322 of the centrifugal clutch presses the spring 323 by the centrifugal force, when the rotation speed of the first paddle 100 is greater than the set threshold, the centrifugal force applied to the outer rack 322 is greater than the pressure of the spring 323, the outer rack 322 rotates in the direction deviating from the axis of the first paddle 100, the outer rack 322 disengages from the inner gear 321, the inner gear 321 has a tendency to rotate in the negative Z direction with respect to the first paddle 100 due to inertia, and the inner gear 321 is fixedly connected to the outer ring 311 of the one-way clutch 310, so that the outer ring 311, the inner ring 312, and the second paddle 200 of the one-way clutch 310 have a condition to rotate in the negative Z direction with respect to the first paddle 100.
Referring to fig. 4 and 7, when the driving device drives the first paddle 100 to continuously rotate in the Z-positive direction, the first paddle 100 rotates in the Z-positive direction relative to the second paddle 200, the return torsion spring 410 is compressed, the first rotation stop stopper 120 is separated from the second rotation stop stopper 220, the first rotation stop stopper 130 contacts with the second rotation stop stopper 230, the first rotation stop stopper 130 applies a torque in the Z-positive direction to the second rotation stop stopper 230, the second paddle 200 is driven to rotate in the Z-positive direction at the same speed as the first paddle 100, and at this time, the first paddle 110 and the second paddle 210 are in a cross (i.e., 90 °) unfolded state and rotate at the same speed, and the propellers are in a working state, so as to perform a vertical lifting task.
Referring to fig. 8, after the driving device stops working, the rotation speed of the first paddle 100 gradually decreases, and when the rotation speed is less than or equal to a set speed threshold, the pressing force of the spring is greater than the centrifugal force of the outer rack 322, and the outer rack 322 gradually approaches the inner gear 321 until meshing with the inner gear 321, at which time the second paddle 200 cannot rotate in the negative Z direction with respect to the first paddle 100, but the second paddle 200 has a condition of rotating in the positive Z direction with respect to the first paddle 100.
Referring to fig. 9, when the driving device stops rotating continuously, when the circumferential inertia force of the second paddle 200 relative to the first paddle 100 is smaller than the torsion force of the return torsion spring 410, the return elasticity force of the return torsion spring 410 causes the second paddle 200 and the inner ring 312 of the one-way clutch 310 to rotate relative to the first paddle 100, the first push stopper 130 is separated from the second push stopper 230, the first rotation stop stopper 120 is in contact with the second rotation stop stopper 220, since the inner ring 312 of the one-way clutch 310 cannot rotate in the Z negative direction relative to the outer ring 311, the second paddle 200 cannot rotate in the Z negative direction relative to the first paddle 100, and since the first rotation stop stopper 120 restricts the second rotation stop stopper 220, the second paddle 200 cannot rotate in the Z positive direction relative to the first paddle 100, at this time, the first paddle 100 and the second paddle 200 are fixed relative to each other, and cannot rotate relatively, first blade 110 and second blade 210 are stacked together.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present invention further provides an aircraft, which includes a fuselage, wings mounted on the fuselage, and propellers mounted on the wings, wherein the propellers include a driving device and the automatic propeller folding device, and when the propellers rotate, the automatic propeller folding device can automatically deflect the first propeller disk 100 relative to the second propeller disk 200 by a certain angle, for example, 90 °, so that the first blade 110 and the second blade 210 are in a vertically crossed deployed state, so as to provide power for vertical lifting of the aircraft, and thus vertical lifting tasks can be effectively performed; when the propeller stops rotating, the reset elastic force of the reset assembly 400 drives the second propeller disc 200 to rotate by the same angle compared with the first propeller disc 100, namely, to rotate by 90 degrees, so that the first blade 110 and the second blade 210 are overlapped together, the air resistance of the aircraft in flight is effectively reduced, and the range and the economy of the aircraft in a flat flight state are increased.
According to the automatic folding device for the propeller, the relative position between the first propeller disc and the second propeller disc is controlled by the clutch device and the reset assembly, so that when the propeller rotates, the first propeller blade on the first propeller disc and the second propeller blade on the second propeller disc are in an unfolded state, and power is provided for vertical lifting of an aircraft; when the propeller stops rotating, the first blades on the first propeller disc and the second blades on the second propeller disc are automatically overlapped, so that the air resistance of the aircraft in flying is effectively reduced, and the range and the economy of the aircraft in a flat flying state are increased. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes some practical problems in the prior art, thereby having high utilization value and use significance.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or change the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic propeller folding device, comprising:
a first paddle wheel having a first paddle thereon;
the second paddle disk is coaxially and rotatably connected with the first paddle disk, and second paddles are arranged on the second paddle disk;
the clutch device is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk;
the resetting component is arranged between the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk;
the clutch device comprises a one-way clutch and a centrifugal clutch, an inner ring of the one-way clutch is fixedly connected with the second paddle disc, the centrifugal clutch comprises an inner gear, an outer rack and a spring, the inner gear is arranged on the outer side of the one-way clutch and fixedly connected with an outer ring of the one-way clutch, and the outer rack is meshed with or separated from the inner gear under the action of centrifugal force and spring pressure so as to lock or unlock the inner gear and the first paddle disc;
when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is larger than a set threshold value, the clutch device automatically unlocks the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk relatively, and the first paddle and the second paddle are unfolded relatively; when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is less than or equal to the set threshold, the second paddle disk is reset to a state that the second paddle and the first paddle are folded relatively through the reset assembly, and is automatically locked with the first paddle disk through the clutch device.
2. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-way clutch, the centrifugal clutch and the first and second disks are arranged coaxially.
3. The automatic folding device of claim 2, characterized in that said outer rack is rotatably mounted on said first paddle disk, said spring being mounted on said first paddle disk and capable of pressing said outer rack against said inner gear.
4. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 3, wherein a spring groove is formed in a side of the outer rack facing away from the inner gear, the spring is mounted in the spring groove, and one end of the spring is connected with the first propeller disc while the other end of the spring is connected with the spring groove.
5. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 1, wherein a rotation stop limiter and a rotation pushing limiter are arranged between the first propeller disk and the second propeller disk, and when the first propeller disk rotates, the rotation pushing limiter pushes the second propeller disk to rotate synchronously; when the first paddle disk stops rotating, the rotation stopping limiting device limits the second paddle disk to rotate.
6. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 5, wherein the rotation stopping limiter and the rotation pushing limiter respectively comprise a plurality of protrusions which are correspondingly arranged on the first propeller disc and the second propeller disc, the protrusions in the rotation stopping limiter are mutually matched to limit the rotation of the second propeller disc, and the protrusions in the rotation pushing limiter are mutually matched to push the rotation of the second propeller disc.
7. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 1, wherein the second propeller disk is connected to the first propeller disk through a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second propeller disk, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first propeller disk.
8. The automatic propeller folding device according to claim 7, wherein the reset assembly comprises a reset torsion spring, the reset torsion spring is coaxially arranged with the first and second propeller discs, one end of the reset torsion spring is connected with the first propeller disc, and the other end of the reset torsion spring is connected with the second propeller disc.
9. A propeller, characterized by comprising a driving device and an automatic propeller folding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; and a first propeller disc of the automatic propeller folding device is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving device.
10. An aircraft comprising a fuselage, a wing mounted on the fuselage and a propeller mounted on the wing, wherein the propeller comprises a drive device and an automatic propeller folding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the driving device drives a first paddle disk in the automatic propeller folding device to rotate, and when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is greater than a set threshold value, the clutch device automatically unlocks the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk relatively, and the first paddle disk and the second paddle disk are unfolded relatively and in a crossed state;
when the rotating speed of the first paddle disk is less than or equal to a set threshold value, the second paddle disk is reset to a state that the second paddle and the first paddle are folded relatively through a reset assembly, and is automatically locked with the first paddle disk through the clutch device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210707858.6A CN114771824B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Automatic folding device of screw, screw and aircraft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210707858.6A CN114771824B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Automatic folding device of screw, screw and aircraft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114771824A CN114771824A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
| CN114771824B true CN114771824B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210707858.6A Active CN114771824B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Automatic folding device of screw, screw and aircraft |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN114771824A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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Effective date of registration: 20230607 Address after: 6/F, Block A, Building 4, No. 200, Tianfu Fifth Street, Chengdu Hi-tech Zone, China (Sichuan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610095 Patentee after: Chengdu wofeitianyu Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610000 China (Sichuan) pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu Patentee before: Wofei Changkong Technology (Chengdu) Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP Co.,Ltd. |