CN114770151A - Brake drum drilling pneumatic clamp and drilling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tool fixtures, and relates to a pneumatic fixture for drilling a brake drum and a drilling method thereof; the fixture consists of a positioning and clamping part and an angular positioning part; the positioning and clamping part comprises a bolt, a pressing plate, a positioning plate A, a positioning seat, an air valve and an air cylinder; the angular positioning part comprises a positioning block B and a limiting groove; the bolt is connected with the cylinder, when the cylinder descends, the bolt presses the pressure plate, and the brake drum is in a pressing state; when the cylinder rises, the bolt is separated from the pressure plate, and the brake drum is in a loose state; the positioning block B moves in the limiting groove, and the positioning block B is pushed to be matched with the surface groove of the brake drum, so that the angular phase position of the brake drum is determined; the brake drum drilling pneumatic clamp is suitable for a mass production mode of automatic machining equipment, solves the problem of mass production of the automatic numerical control machining equipment, ensures that the relative positions of the numerical control machining equipment and the brake drum are fixed in the drilling machining process, effectively improves the drilling efficiency, and meets the requirement of mass production.

Description

Brake drum drilling pneumatic clamp and drilling method thereof

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tool fixtures, and relates to a pneumatic fixture for brake drum drilling and a drilling method thereof.

Background

The brake drum machining process comprises the steps of turning, drilling, dynamic balancing, marking and the like according to process requirements, wherein a special drilling tool is needed in the batch machining process, a drilling template bushing mode is generally adopted before the brake drum pneumatic drilling clamp is not invented, a drill bit is positioned by using a drill bushing on a drilling template to determine the relative position of a hole after drilling, and the hole is clamped by using manual and electromagnetic modes.

The utility model discloses an automobile brake drum drilling fixture which comprises a base, wherein a motor and a first limiting seat are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base, a first groove is formed in the right end of the first limiting seat, a second limiting seat is connected in the first groove in a sliding mode, a second groove is formed in the left end of the second limiting seat, internal threads are formed in the inner wall of the second groove, a screw is connected with the second groove in a threaded mode, one end, far away from the second groove, of the screw penetrates through the first limiting seat and is connected with the motor, a semicircular clamping block is correspondingly arranged on each of the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat, a brake drum is clamped in each of the two semicircular clamping blocks, two semicircular locking pieces are sleeved at the outer ends of the two semicircular clamping blocks, and two connecting seats are symmetrically arranged on the two semicircular locking pieces. The device can fix the automobile brake drum more firmly, avoids deviation in the machining process of the automobile brake drum, and has better product quality.

CN204913159U flexibility assembles anchor clamps of axle housing annex for assemble location axle housing board support. The clamp base is provided with a plate support angular positioning mechanism and an end face positioning sliding mechanism, and the end face positioning sliding mechanism is provided with an axle housing center pneumatic tensioning positioning mechanism. The clamp disclosed by the utility model is ingenious and simple in structural design, good in flexibility and rigidity, simple to operate and convenient to maintain, can meet the assembly requirement of a plurality of series of punching and welding axle housing plate supports, greatly reduces the auxiliary tool cost and the tool replacement and adjustment time, improves the production efficiency and reduces the labor intensity.

CN204565724U the utility model discloses a flange yoke milling plane tooth clamp, which comprises a large bottom plate, two cylinders and a rotating bottom plate, wherein the rotating bottom plate is connected with the two cylinders through two sliding blocks, four corners of the rotating bottom plate are respectively provided with a groove, a main positioning plate is arranged above the rotating bottom plate, the main positioning plate is connected with the rotating bottom plate through a plurality of supporting columns, two pressing sliding blocks are oppositely arranged on the two supporting columns, a notch is arranged at the central position of the main positioning plate, a positioning cavity is formed between the notch and the rotating bottom plate, and the main positioning plate is also provided with two auxiliary positioning seats, four positioning columns, a main positioning sliding block and a main positioning seat. The flange yoke milling plane tooth clamp provided by the utility model adopts a pneumatic clamping mode, can effectively control the stability of part processing, has high positioning precision and low rejection rate, improves the production efficiency and saves the production cost.

The utility model discloses a CN204036318U invention discloses an auxiliary box cylinder assembly assembling clamp, which comprises a base consisting of a bottom plate and two vertical plates fixed on the bottom plate; the through-hole that is used for the installation positioning seat is seted up at the center of bottom plate, and two riser structures are the same and the symmetry sets up in the both sides of bottom plate through-hole, and the through-hole that is used for installing the bolt board is seted up respectively to the co-altitude department of two risers, two bolt boards install in pairs on the through-hole of two risers to coaxial pinhole that is used for the installation location long round pin of offering on two bolt boards, location long round pin outer wall and auxiliary box cylinder declutch shift axle R groove phase-match. The single-support cylinder and double-support cylinder assembly fixture is universal in assembly, realizes the self-error-proofing function of the auxiliary box cylinder assembly fixture by combining various positioning modes, improves the compatibility of the device by adopting the detachable positioning seat, enables the positioning to be more accurate and improves the assembly efficiency.

The utility model discloses a CN20401902U turnover pressing mechanism for a welding fixture, which comprises a supporting positioning seat, an air cylinder device, an air cylinder pressing cantilever mounting seat, a pressing cantilever and a turnover pressing plate; the supporting and positioning seat is fixedly connected to the base plate base, the overturning and pressing mechanism does not shake during clamping, and positioning accuracy and accuracy are high; meanwhile, the welding fixture for the steel wire framework of the automobile rear seat cushion using the overturning pressing mechanism comprises a left base and a right base which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and a first fixing device, a second fixing device, a third fixing device, a fourth fixing device, a fifth fixing device, a sixth fixing device, a seventh fixing device, an eighth fixing device and a ninth fixing device which are arranged between the left base and the right base, meets the requirement of people on the comfort level of the automobile seat cushion, meets the requirement of human engineering mechanics, is provided with a sliding mechanism and the pressing mechanism, not only realizes the guiding movement of positioning points, does not block a welding gun, but also has more stable pressing, positioning and wide applicability, and improves the welding quality and the production efficiency of workpieces.

The utility model is obviously different from the above patent technologies, the technology is used for a drilling clamp for mass production, the drilling position degree depends on the precision of numerical control equipment, the drilling revolution is not limited by the clamp, the efficiency can be improved, the technology is suitable for clamping in middle and small batch production by adopting clamping modes such as electromagnets, bolts, clamping blocks and the like with the patent technologies with application numbers of 20202022069189.3, 201921251086.5 and 201820224669.2, the position degree after drilling is ensured by utilizing a drill plate with a positioning guide drill bushing,

the main differences by the above analysis are:

1. the application occasions are as follows: the utility model is mainly applied to the mass production of automatic numerical control equipment, while the prior social brake drum patent is mainly applied to the mass production of common equipment, medium and small batches.

2. Drilling precision: the utility model is mainly controlled by a device program, the precision depends on the precision of numerical control equipment, and the social brake drum patent mainly depends on the precision guarantee of a drill plate.

3. Efficiency: the main drilling hole of the utility model is not limited, the drill bit directly drills the hole, the social brake drum patent drilling hole is limited by the drill magic sleeve, the friction between the drill bit and the drill magic sleeve is large, the efficiency is low, and the precision is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the problems in the prior art and provides a brake drum drilling pneumatic clamp and a drilling method thereof.

The utility model discloses a pneumatic brake drum drilling clamp, which is a special tool invented for solving the requirement of mass production in the brake drum drilling process and is a special tool for fixing the relative position of a brake drum and equipment in the brake drum drilling process.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a pneumatic drilling clamp for a brake drum mainly comprises a positioning and clamping part and an angular positioning part; the positioning and clamping part comprises a bolt 1, a pressure plate 2, a positioning plate A3, a positioning seat 4, an air valve 10 and an air cylinder 13; the angular positioning part comprises a positioning block B8 and a limiting groove 9;

a groove is formed in the pressing plate 2, and the pressing plate 2 can be taken out of the bolt 1 in a loosening state of the air cylinder 13; the bolt 1 and the pressure plate are relatively movable, the bolt 1 is connected with the cylinder 13, the pressure plate 2 relatively moves along with the movement of the cylinder 13, when the cylinder 13 descends, the bolt presses the pressure plate 2, and the brake drum is in a pressing state; when the cylinder 13 is in the rising state, the bolt 1 is separated from the pressure plate 2, and the brake drum is in the loosening state;

the positioning block B8 moves in the limiting groove 9 and is placed in the limiting groove 9 in a floating mode, and the positioning block B8 is manually pushed to be matched with the surface groove 15 of the brake drum to determine the angular phase position of the brake drum;

the positioning block A3 is assembled with the positioning seat 4 and then is connected with the bolt, the cylinder 13 is fixed on the positioning seat 4, and the cylinder 13 is connected with the air valve 10;

positioning block B8 is inserted into brake drum surface groove 15.

Further, the pneumatic brake drum drilling clamp further comprises a first bottom plate 5, a first side plate 6 and a second side plate 7;

the positioning seat 4 is connected with the first side plate 6, the second side plate 7 and the first bottom plate 5 through bolts to form a whole, so that an integral structure frame of the clamp is established.

Further, the positioning block B8 is in sliding fit with the limiting groove 9.

Further, the angular positioning part further comprises a second bottom plate 11, the limiting groove 9 is fixed with the second bottom plate 11 through a bolt, a main structure of the angular positioning part is established, and the positioning part plays a role in supporting and limiting the positioning block 8.

Furthermore, lifting grooves are formed in the positioning plate 3 and the positioning seat 4 so as to facilitate lifting, loading and unloading of the brake drum 12.

Further, the gas valve 10 is replaced with a hydraulic valve.

Furthermore, the positioning plates 3 adopt different specifications, so that various uses are realized.

A method for drilling a hole by using a pneumatic clamp for drilling a brake drum is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the brake drum 12 is reversely hoisted and placed in the positioning plate A3, the brake drum 12 is rotated to enable the positioning block 8 to be inserted into the surface groove 15 of the brake drum, and the angular positioning of the brake drum is limited;

the air valve 10 is opened to enable the air cylinder 13 to work to drive the bolt 1 to move up and down to press the pressing plate 2 tightly, and the brake drum 12 is guaranteed to be fixed in the clamp;

the center of the positioning plate 3 is aligned and is overlapped with the program set center of the numerical control equipment, so that the brake drum 12 is ensured to be overlapped with the center of the numerical control equipment;

and (5) processing the position of the hole on the brake drum by using an automatic control program of numerical control equipment.

Furthermore, a drilling template mode is adopted, the drawing position of the brake drum hole is taken as a model, a template of the hole position same as that of the brake drum is made in advance, and a drilling sleeve is embedded in the drilling template.

Furthermore, a positioning datum plane is arranged on the drill plate, is matched with the brake drum datum hole and is clamped with the brake drum through a bolt.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the brake drum drilling pneumatic clamp is suitable for a mass production mode of automatic machining equipment, solves the problem of mass production of the automatic numerical control machining equipment, and ensures that the relative positions of the numerical control machining equipment and the brake drum are fixed in the drilling machining process, and the drilling position is completed by a numerical control equipment program. The pneumatic clamping device has the characteristics of short production takt time and high labor intensity, and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers while reducing the clamping time. Meanwhile, the design ensures the drilling position by equipment program, the rotating speed of the drill bit can be improved without the limitation of a drill die sleeve, the drilling efficiency is effectively improved, and the requirement of mass production is met.

Drawings

The utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a brake drum drilling air jig according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a brake drum drilling air jig according to the present invention;

in the figure:

1. a bolt; 2. pressing a plate;

2. positioning a plate; 4. positioning seats;

5. a first base plate;

6. a first side plate;

7. a second side plate; 8. positioning blocks;

9. a limiting groove; 10. an air valve;

11. a second base plate; 12. a brake drum;

13. a cylinder; 14. a reference hole;

15. brake drum surface grooves.

Detailed Description

In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

referring to fig. 1, the pneumatic fixture for drilling the brake drum mainly comprises a positioning clamping part and an angular positioning part. The positioning and clamping part mainly plays a role in clamping the brake drum after the brake drum datum hole is positioned, and the angular positioning part plays a role in determining the circumferential angular position of the brake drum and fixing the circumferential angular position of the brake drum.

Referring to fig. 2, the pneumatic jig shows a top view of three surface grooves on the outer surface of the brake drum, and with 1 of them positioned, the positioning block B8 is manually inserted into the outer surface groove 16 of the brake drum along the positioning groove 9 to position the angular phase of the brake drum.

For example, the top view of the pneumatic clamp of the brake drum, the limiting groove 9 is used for limiting the movement of the positioning block 8 instead of the clamp. Unlike a brake drum surface detent.

The angular positioning part is composed of a bottom plate 11, a limiting groove 9 and a positioning block 8. The second bottom plate 11 is connected with the table-board of the equipment, and the main structure of the pneumatic clamp is also connected with the table-board of the equipment to form a whole, so that a set of complete clamp is formed. The second bottom plate 11 is connected with the limiting groove 9 through bolts, the positioning block B8 is arranged in the limiting groove 9 in a floating mode, and the positioning block B8 is aligned with the surface groove of the brake drum and then inserted into the groove of the brake drum, so that angular positioning is achieved.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, the brake drum is reversely hoisted and placed in the clamp positioning plate 3, then the brake drum is rotated to enable the positioning block 8 to be inserted into a surface groove of the brake drum, the angular positioning of the brake drum is limited, the air valve 10 is opened to enable the thin cylinder to work to drive the bolt 1 to move up and down to compress the pressing plate 2, and the brake drum is ensured to be fixed on the clamp. The center alignment of the clamp positioning plate 3 is coincided with the program setting center of the numerical control equipment, and the brake drum is ensured to be coincided with the center of the equipment. And machining the position of the hole on the brake drum through program control.

The utility model provides a pneumatic fixture for brake drum drilling, refer to figure 1, figure 2, bolted connection after locating plate 3 and the assembly of positioning seat 4, can be used for the locating plate of different specifications to change and realize the use of many varieties, positioning seat 4 connects into an integral construction anchor clamps overall structure frame through bolt and first curb plate 6, second curb plate 7, and first bottom plate 5, fix slim cylinder 13 on positioning seat 4 with four bolts at the 4 backs of positioning seat and be connected through moulding a material pipe and cylinder, pneumatic valve 10 in the space that the curb plate was established simultaneously. The positioning block 8 is in sliding fit with the limiting groove 9. The limiting groove 9 is fixed with the second bottom plate 11 through bolts, a main body structure for angular positioning is established, and the positioning block 8 is supported and limited. Lifting grooves are formed in the positioning plate 3 and the positioning seat 4 so as to facilitate lifting, loading and unloading of the brake drum.

The cylinder 13 is a QGD II 100-50 thin cylinder.

Pneumatic clamping can be replaced by hydraulic clamping, and meanwhile, the pressing plate can be designed into a special clamping jaw.

The pressure plate is designed as a special clamping jaw. Through the pivot, articulate special clamping jaw and positioning seat 4.

The drilling template mode is a method for ensuring the drilling position of a product by taking the drawing position of a product hole as a model, making a template at the same hole position as the product in advance, embedding a drill bushing, fixedly connecting the drilling template with the product through a bolt and other devices, and drilling the hole on the product by using the limiting action of the drill bushing by a drill bit. During drilling, the drill bit and the drill sleeve are severely rubbed, and the drill sleeve limits the chip removal to be difficult. Is not suitable for automatic equipment.

The clamp is automatically controlled by numerical control equipment and is controlled by equipment programs, so that the positions of a workpiece and the numerical control equipment are fixed.

The template drilling mode is that the drawing position of a product workpiece hole is used as a model, a template with the same hole position as the product is made in advance, and then a drill bushing is embedded.

The drill plate is a special die and is a special tool for limiting the position of a cutter.

The drill bushing is embedded on the drill plate and is in clearance fit with the cutter (drill bit), so that the drill plate is protected, and the cutter is limited.

The drill plate and the pneumatic clamp are both one tool for limiting a workpiece and a cutter for drilling, and only the scheme is different. The drilling template is a tool for limiting the position of a cutter, and the pneumatic drilling clamp is used for limiting the position of a workpiece (a brake drum) and ensuring the drilling position through a program of a numerical control device.

The drilling template is fixedly connected with the workpiece through a bolt and other devices, and the drill bit drills holes in the workpiece by utilizing the limiting action of the drill bushing to ensure the drilling position of the workpiece.

The drill plate with positioning reference surface is matched with reference hole of brake drum (workpiece is brake drum), and is tightly clamped with brake drum by means of bolt, the drill is cover-mounted on the drill plate, and the drill bit is mounted on the machining equipment

The positioning plate a3 is a positioning member that is positioned in a reference hole of the brake drum to determine the reference center position of the brake drum.

The pneumatic clamping mode is a mode of clamping by using compressed air of a factory as a power source, and the clamping is a mode of fixing a workpiece (a brake drum), so that the workpiece is fixed and the brake drum is clamped.

The whole set of the clamp comprises a positioning clamping structure and an angular positioning structure. The overall structure comprises two parts: the pneumatic clamp mainly comprises a positioning and clamping part and an angular positioning part of the pneumatic clamp. The pneumatic clamp positioning and clamping part mainly plays a role in clamping the brake drum after positioning the reference hole of the brake drum, and the angular positioning part is used for determining the circumferential angular position fixing function of the brake drum.

A workpiece clamping mode: the positioning and clamping mode is adopted. The workpiece is a brake drum, the pneumatic clamp clamps the brake drum, and the workpiece are integrated.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention as disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention. And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a brake drum drilling air jig which characterized in that: the positioning and clamping device mainly comprises a positioning and clamping part and an angular positioning part; the positioning and clamping part comprises a bolt (1), a pressing plate (2), a positioning plate A (3), a positioning seat (4), an air valve (10) and an air cylinder (13); the angular positioning part comprises a positioning block B (8) and a limiting groove (9);

a groove is arranged on the pressing plate (2), and the pressing plate (2) can be taken out of the bolt (1) in a loosening state of the air cylinder (13); the bolt (1) and the pressure plate are relatively movable, the bolt (1) is connected with the air cylinder (13), the pressure plate (2) moves relatively along with the movement of the air cylinder (13), when the air cylinder (13) descends, the bolt presses the pressure plate (2), and the brake drum is in a pressing state; when the cylinder (13) rises, the bolt (1) is separated from the pressure plate (2), and the brake drum is in a loose state;

the positioning block B (8) moves in the limiting groove (9) and is placed in the limiting groove (9) in a floating mode, the positioning block B (8) is manually pushed to be matched with the surface groove (15) of the brake drum, and the angular phase position of the brake drum is determined;

the positioning block A (3) is assembled with the positioning seat (4) and then is connected with the positioning seat through a bolt, the air cylinder (13) is fixed on the positioning seat (4), and the air cylinder (13) is connected with the air valve (10).

2. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

the device also comprises a first bottom plate (5), a first side plate (6) and a second side plate (7);

the positioning seat (4) is connected with the first side plate (6), the second side plate (7) and the first bottom plate (5) through bolts to form a whole to establish an integral structure frame of the clamp.

3. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

and the positioning block B (8) is in sliding fit with the limiting groove (9).

4. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

the angular positioning part further comprises a second base plate (11), the limiting groove (9) is fixed with the second base plate (11) through a bolt, a main structure of the angular positioning part is built, and the positioning part plays a role in supporting and limiting the positioning block (8).

5. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

and hoisting grooves are formed in the positioning plate (3) and the positioning seat (4) so as to facilitate hoisting, loading and unloading of the brake drum (12).

6. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

the air valve (10) is replaced by a hydraulic valve.

7. The brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, wherein:

the positioning plates (3) adopt positioning plates with different specifications, so that various uses are realized.

8. A method of drilling a hole with the brake drum drilling air jig of claim 1, comprising:

the brake drum (12) is reversely hoisted and placed in the positioning plate A (3), the brake drum (12) is rotated to enable the positioning block B (8) to be inserted into the surface groove (15) of the brake drum, and the angular positioning of the brake drum is limited;

the air valve (10) is opened to enable the air cylinder (13) to work to drive the bolt (1) to move up and down to compress the pressure plate (2), and the brake drum (12) is guaranteed to be fixed in the clamp;

the center of the positioning plate (3) is aligned and is coincided with the program set center of the numerical control equipment, so that the brake drum (12) is ensured to coincide with the center of the numerical control equipment;

and (4) processing the position of the hole on the brake drum by utilizing an automatic control program of numerical control equipment.

9. A method of drilling a hole according to claim 8, wherein:

and (3) adopting a drilling template mode, taking the drawing position of the brake drum hole as a model, making a template at the same hole position as the brake drum in advance, and embedding a drill bushing in the drilling template.

10. A method of drilling a hole according to claim 9, wherein:

and a positioning datum plane is arranged on the drill plate, is matched with the brake drum datum hole and is clamped with the brake drum through a bolt.

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