CN114769877B - Welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method - Google Patents
Welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114769877B CN114769877B CN202210694908.1A CN202210694908A CN114769877B CN 114769877 B CN114769877 B CN 114769877B CN 202210694908 A CN202210694908 A CN 202210694908A CN 114769877 B CN114769877 B CN 114769877B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and a method, wherein the welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device comprises a base, a laser, an ultrasonic, an axial moving mechanism and a swinging mechanism; the laser is arranged above a workbench of the base, the axial moving mechanism is arranged on the base through a support frame, and the ultrasonic device is arranged on the axial moving mechanism; swing mechanism includes curve track, gear, transmission shaft and motor, the motor is installed in one side of base, the one end of transmission shaft is connected with the power take off axle of motor, the other end of transmission shaft passes through the bearing frame and installs in the opposite side of base, the gear passes through the transmission shaft and installs in curve track, gear and the orbital internal gearing of curve, orbital one end of curve is connected with axial displacement mechanism. The invention can accelerate the air discharge of the molten pool to eliminate the air hole defect, and effectively smash the coarse primary dendrite, thereby increasing nucleation mass points, refining the weld joint structure and improving the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding technology, in particular to an ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device and method capable of swinging along with welding.
Background
Compared with the traditional fusion welding method, the laser welding method has the advantages of high energy density, high welding speed, single-side welding and double-side forming and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, weapon manufacturing, ship manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, pressure vessel manufacturing and the like. However, the heat action of the laser beam during welding melts and solidifies the weld metal, inevitably causing the problems of coarse structure and pores inside the weld, and thus severely reducing the bearing capacity of the joint. The application of ultrasound during welding can facilitate the escape of gas bubbles from the weld. However, the ultrasonic vibration device of the traditional ultrasonic-assisted laser welding is fixed in front of or behind the weld joint, and the distance between the end of the ultrasonic head and the weld joint is not changed, so that the weld joint is in the action of a static sound field. The amplitude of a standing wave point in a static sound field is zero, which is not beneficial to the rapid overflow of bubbles; meanwhile, the degree of crushing the primary columnar crystal by the static sound field is weak, and fine weld joint tissues are difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device capable of swinging along with welding. The ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device capable of swinging along with welding can accelerate the air vent defect elimination of the molten pool exhaust, effectively smash coarse primary dendrite, increase nucleation mass points, refine welding seam tissues and improve welding quality.
Meanwhile, the invention also aims to provide an ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method with welding oscillation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the welding-following swinging ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device comprises a base, a laser, an ultrasonic, an axial moving mechanism and a swinging mechanism; the laser is arranged above a workbench of the base, the axial moving mechanism is arranged on the base through a support frame, and the ultrasonic device is arranged on the axial moving mechanism; swing mechanism includes curve track, gear, transmission shaft and motor, the motor is installed in one side of base, the one end of transmission shaft is connected with the power take off shaft of motor, the other end of transmission shaft passes through the bearing frame and installs in the opposite side of base, the gear passes through the transmission shaft and installs in curve track, just gear and the orbital internal gearing of curve, orbital one end of curve is connected with axial displacement mechanism.
Preferably, the curved track comprises 2 circular arc sections and 2 semicircular sections, and two ends of the 2 circular arc sections are respectively connected with two ends of the 2 semicircular sections; the inner side surface of each of the 1 circular arc sections is provided with an inner tooth meshed with the gear.
Preferably, the axial displacement mechanism includes drive unit, fixing base and optical axis, install in the support frame the upper end of fixing base, the optical axis is installed in the fixing base, the supersound ware passes through the link and is connected with the optical axis, drive unit installs in the fixing base, just drive unit is connected with the link, the back and the orbital one end fixed connection of curve of fixing base.
Preferably, the driving unit comprises an air cylinder and an air pump, the air cylinder is connected with the air pump, a cylinder body of the air cylinder is installed on the fixed seat, and an expansion rod of the air cylinder is connected with the connecting frame.
Preferably, the support frame comprises a base, a cross beam and 2 upright columns, the lower ends of the 2 upright columns are fixed on two sides of the base through the corresponding bases, and triangular supports are arranged on two sides of the lower ends of the upright columns; the two ends of the cross beam are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the stand columns through bearings, and the middle part of the cross beam is connected with the axial moving mechanism
The welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method adopts the welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the welded workpiece on the workbench, and moving the laser to the initial position above the welded workpiece;
s2, setting parameters of a laser, an ultrasonic device and a motor;
s3, starting the air pump, the ultrasonic device, the motor and the laser power supply, when the welded workpiece moves along the welding direction at a certain speed under the drive of the workbench, the air cylinder drives the ultrasonic device to move along the axial direction of the ultrasonic device, and meanwhile, the motor drives the ultrasonic device to swing back and forth through the transmission shaft, the gear and the curve track, so as to realize the ultrasonic field auxiliary laser welding along with the welding swing.
Preferably, in step S3, the moving speed of the work piece to be welded driven by the workbench is 50-3000 mm/min.
Preferably, in step S3, the rotation speed of the power output shaft of the motor is 10 to 200 rpm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, through designing the axial moving mechanism and the swinging mechanism, the ultrasonic device does axial movement and swings in the welding process, so that the ultrasonic energy is effectively transmitted to a welding seam, the ultrasonic field is swung along with the welding to assist laser welding, and the effect of the ultrasonic on the welding seam is enhanced.
2. Compared with static ultrasonic field composite laser welding, the dynamic ultrasonic field is generated by the axial moving mechanism, the swinging mechanism, the ultrasonic device and the like, and the dynamic sound field can effectively avoid the formation of standing waves in the molten pool and make each mass point in the molten pool participate in fluctuation, thereby promoting the rapid overflow of bubbles and avoiding the formation of pore defects; meanwhile, the dynamic ultrasonic field can enhance the flow of molten pool metal, effectively smash primary dendrite, increase molten pool nucleation particles, refine weld joint tissues and obtain a high-quality and high-strength laser welding joint.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first view structural diagram of a welding-following oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a second view structural diagram of the welding-following oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a curved track of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a curved track of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is the base, 2 is the laser instrument, 3 is the ultrasonic instrument, 4 is the axial displacement mechanism, 5 is swing mechanism, 6 is the workstation, 7 is the support frame, 8 is the curve track, 9 is the gear, 10 is the transmission shaft, 11 is the motor, 12 is the circular arc section, 13 is the semicircle section, 14 is the drive unit, 15 is the fixing base, 16 is the optical axis, 17 is the link, 18 is the bottom plate, 19 is the end plate, 20 is the cylinder, 21 is the air pump, 22 is the base, 23 is the crossbeam, 24 is the stand, 25 is the triangular supports, 26 is the bearing frame.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
Example 1
The welding-following swinging ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a base, a laser, an ultrasonic, an axial moving mechanism and a swinging mechanism; the laser is arranged above a workbench of the base, the axial moving mechanism is arranged on the base through a support frame, and the ultrasonic device is arranged on the axial moving mechanism; swing mechanism includes curve track, gear, transmission shaft and motor, the motor is installed in one side of base, the one end of transmission shaft is connected with the power take off shaft of motor, the other end of transmission shaft passes through the bearing frame and installs in the opposite side of base, the gear passes through the transmission shaft and installs in curve track, just gear and the orbital internal gearing of curve, orbital one end of curve is connected with axial displacement mechanism.
Specifically, in the laser welding process, the axial moving mechanism pushes the ultrasonic device to perform axial reciprocating movement through the connecting frame, and meanwhile, the swinging mechanism drives the ultrasonic device to perform reciprocating swinging, so that a dynamic ultrasonic field is formed, and standing waves are effectively prevented from being formed inside a molten pool. When the motor is started, the gear is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft, the rotating gear drives the axial moving mechanism to do reciprocating swing around the axis of the cross beam of the support frame through the curve track, and then the ultrasonic device arranged on the axial moving mechanism also swings back and forth along with the axial moving mechanism. The ultrasonic field formed by the ultrasonic device is reciprocally far away from or close to a molten pool generated by the laser device, so that the welding seam is under the action of the dynamic ultrasonic field, and the air hole defect is eliminated by virtue of the acoustic cavitation effect of the ultrasonic wave on a solid-liquid interface, the acoustic flow effect in liquid metal and the fluctuation of the dynamic ultrasonic field, the air hole defect is accelerated, and the coarse primary dendritic crystal is effectively crushed, so that nucleation particles are increased, and the welding seam tissue is refined.
As shown in fig. 3, the curved track includes 2 circular arc segments and 2 semicircular segments, and two ends of the 2 circular arc segments are respectively connected with two ends of the 2 semicircular segments; the inner side surface of the arc section positioned above is provided with inner teeth meshed with the gear. In order to ensure the stability of the curved track, the curved track of the embodiment is manufactured by adopting an integral molding technology. The curve track is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and high in stability. When the motor drives the gear to rotate forward and backward, the forward and backward rotating gear drives the curve track to reciprocate, so that the ultrasonic device is driven to swing back and forth.
The ultrasonic diagnosis device is characterized in that the axial moving mechanism comprises a driving unit, a fixed seat and an optical axis, the upper end of the fixed seat is installed on the support frame, the optical axis is installed on the fixed seat, the ultrasonic device is connected with the optical axis through a connecting frame, the driving unit is installed on the fixed seat and connected with the connecting frame, and the back face of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with one end of the curve track. As shown in fig. 1, the fixing seat mainly comprises a bottom plate and end plates fixed at two ends of the bottom plate, the upper end of the bottom plate is fixed on a rotatable beam of the supporting frame, and the optical axis is installed on the bottom plate. In order to ensure the stability of the axial movement of the ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device is connected with the optical axis through two connecting frames, and the connecting frame positioned at the upper end is connected with the telescopic rod of the air cylinder. When the motor is started, the fixing frame is driven to swing in a reciprocating mode through the gear, the curve guide rail and the like, so that the ultrasonic device swings in a reciprocating mode along the axis of the cross beam, a stable dynamic ultrasonic field is achieved, and welding quality is improved.
The driving unit comprises an air cylinder and an air pump, the air cylinder is connected with the air pump, a cylinder body of the air cylinder is installed on the fixed seat, and a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is connected with the connecting frame. The driving unit of the embodiment adopts an air cylinder, but is not limited to the air cylinder and can also be realized by adopting a stepping motor. The telescopic link that this embodiment adopted the cylinder drives the ultrasonic instrument and carries out axial displacement, further ensures that the ultrasonic field that the ultrasonic instrument produced can reciprocate be close to and keep away from the welding seam.
The support frame comprises a base, a cross beam and 2 stand columns, the lower ends of the 2 stand columns are fixed on two sides of the base through the corresponding base, and triangular supports are arranged on two sides of the lower ends of the stand columns; the two ends of the cross beam are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the stand columns through bearings, and the middle part of the cross beam is connected with the axial moving mechanism. Specifically, the cross beam is connected with the upright post through a bearing, so that the stability of the ultrasonic device during reciprocating swing can be ensured, and the ultrasonic device can form an effective dynamic ultrasonic field.
The welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method adopts the welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the welded workpiece on the workbench, and moving the laser to the initial position above the welded workpiece;
s2, setting parameters of a laser, an ultrasonic device and a motor; wherein, the power of the laser of the embodiment is 500-. Specifically, the parameters of the laser include laser power and defocus.
S3, starting the air pump, the ultrasonic device, the motor and the laser power supply, when the welded workpiece moves along the welding direction at a certain speed under the drive of the workbench, the air cylinder drives the ultrasonic device to move along the axial direction of the ultrasonic device, and meanwhile, the motor drives the ultrasonic device to swing back and forth through the transmission shaft, the gear and the curve track, so as to realize the ultrasonic field auxiliary laser welding along with the welding swing.
In step S3, the moving speed of the work piece to be welded on the work strip is 50-3000 mm/min.
In step S3, the rotational speed of the power output shaft of the motor is 10 to 200 rpm.
Example 2:
the welding-following swinging ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding device of the embodiment is the same as the embodiment 1 except for the following technical characteristics: as shown in fig. 4, the curved track includes 2 circular arc segments and 2 semicircular segments, and two ends of the 2 circular arc segments are respectively connected with two ends of the 2 semicircular segments; the inner side surface of the arc section positioned at the lower part is provided with inner teeth meshed with the gear. In order to ensure the stability of the curved track, the curved track of the embodiment is formed together. The curve track of this setting simple structure, convenient preparation, and stability is high. The structure can also realize the effect of driving the ultrasonic device to repeatedly swing.
The above detailed description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Along with welding supplementary laser welding device of swing supersound, its characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic testing device comprises a base, a laser, an ultrasonic device, an axial moving mechanism and a swinging mechanism; the laser is arranged above a workbench of the base, the axial moving mechanism is arranged on the base through a support frame, and the ultrasonic device is arranged on the axial moving mechanism; swing mechanism includes curve track, gear, transmission shaft and motor, the motor is installed in one side of base, the one end of transmission shaft is connected with the power take off shaft of motor, the other end of transmission shaft passes through the bearing frame and installs in the opposite side of base, the gear passes through the transmission shaft and installs in curve track, just gear and the orbital internal gearing of curve, orbital one end of curve is connected with axial displacement mechanism.
2. The welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device of claim 1, wherein: the curve track comprises 2 circular arc sections and 2 semicircular sections, and two ends of the 2 circular arc sections are respectively connected with two ends of the 2 semicircular sections; the inner side surface of each of the 1 circular arc sections is provided with an inner tooth meshed with the gear.
3. The welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic diagnosis device is characterized in that the axial moving mechanism comprises a driving unit, a fixed seat and an optical axis, the upper end of the fixed seat is installed on the support frame, the optical axis is installed on the fixed seat, the ultrasonic device is connected with the optical axis through a connecting frame, the driving unit is installed on the fixed seat and connected with the connecting frame, and the back face of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with one end of the curve track.
4. The welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device of claim 3, wherein: the driving unit comprises an air cylinder and an air pump, the air cylinder is connected with the air pump, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is installed on the fixed seat, and the telescopic rod of the air cylinder is connected with the connecting frame.
5. The welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device of claim 1, wherein: the support frame comprises a base, a cross beam and 2 stand columns, the lower ends of the 2 stand columns are fixed on two sides of the base through the corresponding base, and triangular supports are arranged on two sides of the lower ends of the stand columns; the two ends of the cross beam are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the stand columns through bearings, and the middle part of the cross beam is connected with the axial moving mechanism.
6. The ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method with welding oscillation is characterized in that: the welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device of claim 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, fixing the welded workpiece on the workbench, and moving the laser to the initial position above the welded workpiece;
s2, setting parameters of a laser, an ultrasonic device and a motor;
s3, starting the air pump, the ultrasonic device, the motor and the laser power supply, when the welded workpiece moves along the welding direction at a certain speed under the drive of the workbench, the air cylinder drives the ultrasonic device to move along the axial direction of the ultrasonic device, and meanwhile, the motor drives the ultrasonic device to swing back and forth through the transmission shaft, the gear and the curve track, so as to realize the ultrasonic field auxiliary laser welding along with the welding swing.
7. The welding-oscillation-following ultrasonically-assisted laser welding method of claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the moving speed of the workpiece to be welded driven by the workbench is 50-3000 mm/min.
8. The welding-follow oscillation ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method of claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the rotational speed of the power output shaft of the motor is 10 to 200 rpm.
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| CN202210694908.1A CN114769877B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method |
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| CN202210694908.1A CN114769877B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Welding-following swinging ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method |
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| CN114769877B true CN114769877B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| JP6071195B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2017-02-01 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ検査計測 | Ultrasonic addition laser processing method and ultrasonic addition laser processing apparatus |
| CN108326429B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-03-17 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method |
| CN109079326A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of device of the rolling-type ultrasonic wave added Laser Welding for magnesium alloy |
| CN110860795B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-03-26 | 大连理工大学 | Laser welding method combining welding-following ultrasound and chilling |
| CN111673272B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Swing laser-ultrasonic composite welding method |
| CN113172334B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-09-23 | 天津工业大学 | Rotating magnetic field and ultrasonic vibration assisted laser processing device |
| CN113385820B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-01-31 | 绍兴文理学院 | Double-magnetic-field and ultrasonic-wave cooperative auxiliary laser deep melting welding device |
| CN113305571B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-04-14 | 长春理工大学 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted laser regulation and control grinding and online finishing device and method |
| CN114406463A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-04-29 | 上海交通大学 | Ultra-high-strength steel welding-following ultrasonic auxiliary laser welding system and method |
| CN114589403A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-07 | 哈尔滨工大焊接科技有限公司 | Welding method and system for reducing laser welding heat affected zone and refining structure |
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