CN114769809A - Welding process of aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and thick-wall pipe fitting - Google Patents
Welding process of aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and thick-wall pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114769809A CN114769809A CN202210511880.3A CN202210511880A CN114769809A CN 114769809 A CN114769809 A CN 114769809A CN 202210511880 A CN202210511880 A CN 202210511880A CN 114769809 A CN114769809 A CN 114769809A
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- welding
- wall pipe
- pipe fitting
- thick
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a welding process of an aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting, which is beneficial to temperature balance of the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting during welding, prevents welding defects caused by temperature difference and effectively ensures the strength of a welding seam. The adopted technical means comprises that a butt joint boss is arranged at a welding butt joint part, a thick-wall pipe fitting is preheated, arc is closed in advance during welding and is polished during arc starting welding, and heating, heat preservation and slow cooling are carried out after welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a metal welding process, and particularly relates to a welding process of an aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting.
Background
The existing motor rotor support is provided with an air duct structure, and an angle joint structure is adopted between a common thin-wall air duct and the rotor support. Because the aluminum alloy material has good thermal conductivity, when the small part reaches the specified welding temperature, the temperature of the large part is lower, and if the small part is welded at the moment, the large part is easy to cause welding defects such as incomplete root penetration, incomplete fusion and the like; when the large part reaches the specified welding temperature, the temperature of the small part exceeds the specified temperature, and if the large part is welded, welding defects such as welding hot cracks, welding penetration or collapse are easily generated on the small part due to overhigh temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding process of an aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting, which is beneficial to temperature balance during welding and effectively ensures the strength of a welding seam.
A welding process of an aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, processing butt-joint bosses of a thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting, wherein the height is 5-8mm, the thickness of a truncated edge is 2.5-3 mm, and the angle is 35-45 degrees;
secondly, chamfering C0.5-C1.0 on the back of the butt joint boss by using a scraper, and properly chamfering C0.5 on the front;
thirdly, heating and preheating the thick-wall pipe fitting by using a drying box, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and after the preheating temperature is reached, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour and then welding;
fourthly, starting welding, when welding to a position which is about 50mm away from the arc starting position, closing the arc and stopping welding, cleaning and polishing the position which is 40-50mm near the arc starting position, removing incomplete fusion or poor fusion on the back of the arc starting position during polishing, enabling the inner part of the arc starting position to be in smooth transition with a welding seam, cleaning the arc starting position, then re-starting the arc at the groove polished at the original arc starting position, completing the whole girth welding, and lapping the starting arc by at least 20-30 mm;
fifthly, heating, heat preservation and slow cooling measures are adopted after welding, the heat treatment annealing temperature is 350-380 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours, the cooling speed is not more than 30 ℃/h, and the steel plate is cooled to be below 150 ℃ and then is taken out of the furnace for air cooling.
The further improvement is that the pretreatment of welding also comprises the step of cleaning the inner surface of the 20mm range of the butt joint of the thin-wall pipe and the thick-wall pipe, and the step comprises the following steps: 1. wearing rubber gloves, respectively soaking the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting in industrial alcohol with the concentration of 95%, cleaning oil stains, dust, aluminum scraps and the like on the surface by using a brush, taking out after soaking and cleaning for 5-10min, drying and evaporating water; 2. wearing the dust-free gloves, dipping organic solvents such as acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol and the like by using dust-free cloth, wiping the butt-joint bosses again to remove residual oil stains and dust, and then directly polishing by using a stainless steel wire brush or a copper wire brush with the diameter of a steel wire of 0.15 mm-0.2 mm until the metal luster is exposed; 3. and cleaning the aluminum scraps on the surface of the workpiece by using an air gun.
The further improvement is that a CMT automatic welding workstation is used for welding, a CMT + P composite pulse welding process is selected, and according to the material quality of the thick-wall pipe, namely aluminum alloy 6063, an aluminum welding wire ER5356 with the diameter ∅ 1.2.2 mm, welding current 150 and 160A, gas flow rate 19L/min and welding speed 45-50 cm/min are selected.
The further improvement is that the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting are assembled together according to a butt joint structure form before welding, the butt joint clearance after assembly is less than or equal to 0.2mm, the misalignment amount is less than or equal to 0.2mm, the positioning welding spots are uniformly and symmetrically distributed at the circumference 4 positions, the positioning welding spots are cleaned before welding, and the residual height of the positioning welding spots is less than or equal to 1 mm.
The further improvement is that the thin-wall pipe fitting is an air duct, and the thick-wall pipe fitting is a rotor bracket.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a detail view of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment parts;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the abutment boss.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is as follows: the rotor bracket 2 is welded with the air duct 1
Firstly, processing state before welding: the air duct 1 with the aluminum alloy thickness of 2mm is formed by an 8mm aluminum plate winding drum, machining is carried out after shape correction, the outer circle size of the air duct 1 is processed in place, the wall thickness of the air duct 1 is processed to be 5mm, the rotor bracket 2 and the air duct 1 are processed to form a butt boss 3, the height is 8mm, the truncated edge thickness is 3mm, the angle is 45 degrees, and equivalently, a fillet weld is modified into a 3mm plate butt weld;
secondly, chamfering C0.5-C1.0 on the back of the butt-joint boss 3 by using a scraper, and properly chamfering C0.5 on the front to ensure the single-side welding and double-side forming of a welding seam;
thirdly, the drying box is used for heating and preheating the rotor support 2, the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, after the preheating temperature is reached, heat preservation is carried out for 0.5-1 hour, then welding is carried out, and thick-wall pipe fittings are preheated in advance, so that the temperature of the rotor support 2 and the temperature of the air guide cylinder 1 can be consistent during welding;
and fourthly, starting welding, and when the welding is carried out to a position which is about 50mm away from the arc starting position, closing the arc and stopping the welding. Cleaning and polishing 40-50mm near the arc starting and closing position, removing incomplete fusion or poor fusion on the back of the arc starting position during polishing, and enabling the welding wire which is filled in the arc starting position to be smoothly transited with a welding seam within 40-50mm of arc starting or removed along a groove of a butt-joint boss; if the arc-closing defect exists at the arc-closing position, the arc-closing defect needs to be removed, and the arc-closing defect and the groove for ditching the welding seam are in smooth transition.
And after the arc starting and closing position is cleaned, re-starting and welding at the groove polished at the original arc closing position to complete the whole girth welding, wherein the arc starting and closing lap joint is at least 20-30 mm. And checking whether the residual height meets the drawing requirements, if not, filling one layer of weld bead again, wherein the interval time between two layers is not more than 5min, and if overtime, preheating the rotor support.
Fifthly, heating, heat preservation and slow cooling measures are adopted after welding, the heat treatment annealing temperature is 350-380 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours, the cooling speed is not more than 30 ℃/h, the air is discharged from the furnace and cooled to below 150 ℃, and the inner diameter of the air guide cylinder 1 is processed to the required size after cooling.
The further improvement is that the pre-welding treatment also comprises cleaning the inner surface of the 20mm range of the welding butt joint of the rotor bracket 2 and the air duct 1, comprising: 1. wearing rubber gloves, respectively soaking the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting in industrial alcohol with the concentration of 95%, cleaning oil stains, dust, aluminum scraps and the like on the surface by using a hairbrush, taking out after soaking and cleaning for 5-10min, drying and evaporating water; 2. wearing the dust-free gloves, dipping organic solvents such as acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol and the like by using dust-free cloth, wiping the butt-joint bosses again to remove residual oil stains and dust, and then directly polishing by using a stainless steel wire brush or a copper wire brush with the diameter of a steel wire of 0.15 mm-0.2 mm until the metal luster is exposed; 3. and cleaning aluminum scraps on the surface of the workpiece by using an air gun.
The further improvement is that a CMT automatic welding workstation is used for welding, a CMT + P composite pulse welding process is selected, and according to the material aluminum alloy 6063 of the rotor support, an aluminum welding wire ER5356 with the diameter ∅ 1.2.2 mm, welding current 150-160A, gas flow 19L/min and welding speed 45-50 cm/min are selected.
The further improvement is that the rotor bracket 2 and the air duct 1 are assembled together according to a butt joint structure form before welding, the butt joint clearance after assembly is less than or equal to 0.2mm, the misalignment amount is less than or equal to 0.2mm, the positioning welding spots are uniformly and symmetrically distributed at the circumference 4 positions, the positioning welding spots are cleaned before welding, and the residual height of the positioning welding spots is less than or equal to 1 mm.
Claims (5)
1. A welding process of an aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and a thick-wall pipe fitting is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, processing before welding: processing a butt joint boss by the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting, wherein the height of the butt joint boss is 5-8mm, the thickness of the truncated edge is 2.5-3 mm, and the angle is 35-45 degrees;
secondly, pretreatment before welding: chamfering C0.5-C1.0 on the back of the butt joint boss by using a scraper, and properly chamfering C0.5 on the front;
thirdly, preheating before welding: heating and preheating the thick-wall pipe fitting by using a drying box, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and after the preheating temperature is reached, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 hour and then welding;
fourthly, welding: starting welding, when welding to a position which is about 50mm away from an arc starting position, closing an arc and stopping welding, cleaning and polishing the position which is 40-50mm near the arc starting position, removing incomplete fusion or poor fusion on the back surface of the arc starting position during polishing, enabling the arc starting position within 40-50mm to be in smooth transition with a welding seam, cleaning the arc starting position, then re-starting the arc at the groove polished at the original arc closing position, and welding to complete the whole girth welding, wherein the starting arc lap is at least 20-30 mm;
fifthly, cooling after welding: and heating, heat preservation and slow cooling measures are adopted after welding, the heat treatment annealing temperature is 350-380 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours, the cooling speed is not more than 30 ℃/h, and the steel plate is cooled to below 150 ℃ and taken out of the furnace for air cooling.
2. The welding process of the aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe and the thick-wall pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pretreatment of welding still includes that the 20mm scope internal surface of thin-walled tube spare and thick wall pipe fitting butt joint department is cleared up cleanly, includes: 1. wearing rubber gloves, respectively soaking the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting in industrial alcohol with the concentration of 95%, cleaning oil stains, dust, aluminum scraps and the like on the surface by using a brush, taking out after soaking and cleaning for 5-10min, drying and evaporating water; 2. wearing dust-free gloves, dipping organic solvents such as acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol and the like on dust-free cloth, wiping the butt-joint boss again to remove residual oil stains and dust, and then directly polishing with a stainless steel wire brush or a copper wire brush with the diameter of a steel wire being 0.15-0.2 mm until metal luster is exposed; 3. and cleaning aluminum scraps on the surface of the workpiece by using an air gun.
3. The welding process of the aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the welding process comprises the following steps: a CMT automatic welding workstation is used for welding, a CMT + P composite pulse welding process is selected, and an aluminum welding wire ER5356 with the diameter ∅ 1.2.2 mm, welding current 150 and 160A, gas flow 19L/min and welding speed 45-50 cm/min are selected according to the material quality of the thick-wall pipe fitting aluminum alloy 6063.
4. The welding process of the aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the welding process comprises the following steps: before welding, the thin-wall pipe fitting and the thick-wall pipe fitting are assembled together according to a butt joint structure form, the butt joint gap after assembly is not more than 0.2mm, the misalignment amount is not more than 0.2mm, the positioning welding spots are uniformly and symmetrically distributed at the circumference 4 positions, the positioning welding spots are cleaned before welding, and the remaining height of the positioning welding spots is not more than 1 mm.
5. The welding process of the aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe and the thick-wall pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thin-wall pipe fitting is an air duct, and the thick-wall pipe fitting is a rotor support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210511880.3A CN114769809A (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Welding process of aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and thick-wall pipe fitting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210511880.3A CN114769809A (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Welding process of aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and thick-wall pipe fitting |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114769809A true CN114769809A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| CN202210511880.3A Pending CN114769809A (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Welding process of aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe fitting and thick-wall pipe fitting |
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