CN114766164A - Calcium application method for promoting growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress - Google Patents
Calcium application method for promoting growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN114766164A CN114766164A CN202210604835.2A CN202210604835A CN114766164A CN 114766164 A CN114766164 A CN 114766164A CN 202210604835 A CN202210604835 A CN 202210604835A CN 114766164 A CN114766164 A CN 114766164A
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a calcium applying method for promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress, which is characterized in that calcium-containing nutrient solution is uniformly applied to soil around the root system of the Chinese fir within 3-4 months each year, and the calcium-containing nutrient solution is applied once every 5 days; the calcium ion content in the calcium-containing nutrient solution is not less than 5.0 mmol.L‑1. The method of the invention is used for applying calcium, can achieve various effects of promoting the accumulation of organic acid, the improvement of acid phosphatase activity and antioxidant enzyme activity of the cedar, promoting the accumulation of the content of the cedar osmoregulation substance, promoting the utilization efficiency of phosphorus in the cedar body and the like by using a small amount of calcium fertilizer, and enhances the resistance of the cedar to low-phosphorus stress, thereby being beneficial to the growth of the cedar under low-phosphorus stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial forest cultivation, and particularly relates to a calcium application method for promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress.
Background
China fir [ 2 ]Cunninghamia lanceolate (Lamb.) Hook]Is one of the most important afforestation tree species in south China, and the problems of land fertility decline and yield decline caused by multi-generation continuous planting of the Chinese fir have been serious for a long time. Due to the strong chemical fixation effect of iron, aluminum and other cations on phosphorus in acid soil in south, the soil is deficient in effective phosphorus and becomes an important reason for the reduction of the productivity of the fir plantation. In order to adapt to low-phosphorus stress, the Chinese fir can enhance the efficiency of activating and absorbing phosphorus from the soil environment by a series of complex response regulation and control mechanisms and improve the utilization efficiency of limited phosphorus in the Chinese fir. A large number of researches show that calcium is used as a nutrient element in the response process of resisting low-phosphorus stress of plants, and plays an important role in enhancing the growth capacity of the plants; meanwhile, calcium ions are used as a second messenger, and can respond to adversity stress by participating in regulation and control of synthesis of plant hormones and cooperating with multiple signal pathways such as phospholipid, plant hormones and the like, so that normal growth and development of plants are regulated. At present, research on regulation and control functions of calcium application on plants for coping with adversity stress is mostly concentrated on crops such as fruits and vegetables, and due to the fact that the growth cycle of forest trees is long and the rule of fertilizer requirement characteristics is complex and changeable, a calcium application method suitable for crops cannot be directly used for regulation and control of forest growth, and particularly under the condition that the forest trees suffer from low-phosphorus nutritional stress and the like, how to maintain the long-term productivity of forest artificial forests through calcium application treatment is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calcium application method for promoting the growth of China fir under low phosphorus stress, which can promote the accumulation of organic acid, the improvement of acid phosphatase activity and antioxidant enzyme activity of China fir by applying a small amount of calcium fertilizer; promoting the accumulation of the content of the fir osmotic adjusting substances; the accumulation of phosphorus nutrients in the fir is promoted, and the phosphorus utilization efficiency is improved; improves the synthesis of the photosynthetic pigment of the fir, enhances the photosynthetic capacity of the fir and promotes the accumulation of carbohydrate in the fir, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the resistance of the fir to low-phosphorus stress and promoting the growth of the fir under the low-phosphorus stress.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a calcium applying method for promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress is characterized in that calcium-containing nutrient solution is uniformly applied to soil within 8-12 cm away from the root system of the Chinese fir within 3-4 months per year, and the calcium-containing nutrient solution is applied once every 5 days; the calcium ion content in the calcium-containing nutrient solution is not less than 5.0 mmol.L-1Preferably 2.5 mmol. multidot.L-1The calcium ion is derived from Ca (NO)3)2·4H2O。
According to Ca (NO)3)2·4H2And the dosage of the calcium-containing nutrient solution is 42-84 mg per plant-1Preferably 42 mg of the strain-1。
The calcium-containing nutrient solution also contains 5.0 mmol.L-1 KNO3、2.0mmol·L-1 MgSO4·7H2O、0.04625 mmol·L-1 H3BO3、0.000316 mmol·L-1 CuSO4·5H2O、0.000765 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O、0.0091 mmol·L-1MnCl2·4H2O、0.0005 mmol·L-1 H8MoN2O4、0.1 mmol·L-1 Na2·EDTA、0.000111 mmol·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O、1.0 mmol·L-1 KH2PO4Or KCl, the pH value of which is 5.8.
The invention has the remarkable advantages that:
the invention provides a calcium applying method capable of promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress, which can relieve the inhibition effect of low phosphorus stress on the growth of Chinese fir seedlings by promoting the growth of Chinese fir seedlings in height and ground diameter and adjusting the accumulation and distribution of biomass; the method can also promote the accumulation of the content of the cedar osmoregulation substances by promoting the accumulation of organic acids, the improvement of acid phosphatase activity and the improvement of antioxidant enzyme activity of the cedar, further relieve the damage of phosphorus stress to the cedar seedlings, improve the cell osmoregulation capability of the cedar seedlings and promote the accumulation and the transportation of phosphorus nutrients in the cedar seedlings so as to improve the utilization efficiency of the cedar to phosphorus; in addition, the implementation of the calcium application method can also enhance the photosynthetic capacity of the cedar by improving the synthesis of the photosynthetic pigment of the cedar, promote the accumulation of 3 soluble sugars of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the body of the cedar and further generate the regulation and control effect on the cedar to adapt to the low-phosphorus stress environment, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the resistance of the cedar to the low-phosphorus stress and promoting the growth of the cedar under the low-phosphorus stress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the growth of the height and ground diameter of a fir seedling in the example;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the biomass distribution of Chinese fir in the examples;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of organic acids in the root system of Cunninghamia lanceolata in the examples;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the antioxidant enzyme activity of cedar in examples;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of a fir osmolyte in examples;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the activity of acid phosphatase of fir in examples;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the phosphorus nutrient accumulation and utilization efficiency of Cunninghamia lanceolata in examples;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of photosynthetic pigments in Cunninghamia lanceolata in the examples;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the carbohydrate content of fir in the examples.
Detailed Description
A calcium applying method for promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress is characterized in that calcium-containing nutrient solution is uniformly applied to soil within 8-12 cm away from the root system of the Chinese fir within 3-4 months per year, and the calcium-containing nutrient solution is applied once every 5 days; the calcium ion content in the calcium-containing nutrient solution is not less than 5.0 mmol.L-1Preferably 2.5 mmol. multidot.L-1The calcium ion is derived from Ca (NO)3)2·4H2O。
According to Ca (NO)3)2·4H2And the dosage of the calcium-containing nutrient solution is 42-84 mg per plant-1Preferably 42 mg of the strain-1。
The calcium-containing nutrient solution also contains 5.0 mmol.L-1 KNO3、2.0mmol·L-1 MgSO4·7H2O、0.04625 mmol·L-1 H3BO3、0.000316 mmol·L-1 CuSO4·5H2O、0.000765 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O、0.0091 mmol·L-1MnCl2·4H2O、0.0005 mmol·L-1 H8MoN2O4、0.1 mmol·L-1 Na2·EDTA、0.000111 mmol·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O、1.0 mmol·L-1 KH2PO4Or KCl, the pH value of which is 5.8.
The application and method of calcium application for promoting the growth of fir described in the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, and the technical solutions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Examples
Test site: a greenhouse of forest institute of agriculture and forestry university of Fujian province.
1.1 test materials
Testing the nursery stock: taking the clone of M25 fir as a research object, and selecting annual cutting seedlings with uniform growth and no diseases as test materials.
Potting device: a flowerpot with the inner diameter of 19.8 cm and the height of 20.2 cm is used as a test container.
A culture medium: the cleaned river sand is used as a culture medium, and 6 kg of sand is filled in each pot.
Nutrient solution: 0 to 5.0 mmol/L-1Ca(NO3)2·4H2O、5.0 mmol·L-1 KNO3、2.0mmol·L-1MgSO4·7H2O、0.04625 mmol·L-1 H3BO3、0.000316 mmol·L-1 CuSO4·5H2O、0.000765 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O、0.0091 mmol·L-1MnCl2·4H2O、0.0005 mmol·L-1 H8MoN2O4、0.1 mmol·L-1 Na2·EDTA、0.000111 mmol·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O、1.0 mmol·L-1 KH2PO4Preparing the nutrient solution, and adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution to be 5.8.
1.2 design of the experiment
As shown in table 1, the experiment was performed with 7 treatments, wherein the CK treatment was a phosphorus-applying treatment; treatment 1-3 is phosphorus stress (phosphorus concentration 0 mmol. multidot.L)-1) Different concentrations of calcium (0, 2.5 and 5.0 mmol. multidot.L) were applied-1) (ii) a Meanwhile, in order to verify the influence of exogenous calcium treatment with different concentrations on the growth and morphological physiological metabolism of the fir under the low phosphorus stress, the treatment of applying a calcium ion channel inhibitor lanthanum chloride is also arranged in the test treatment 4-6. The test period ranged from 24 days 3/2021 to 3 days 5/2021. During the test period, the nutrient solution is poured once every 5 days, 100 mL is poured once every time, and the pure water is poured once every 2-3 days, about 100 mL is poured once every time, so that the culture medium is ensured to be in a wet state.
TABLE 1 test treatment
1.3 index determination
(1) Seedling height and ground diameter growth amount: and respectively measuring the height and the diameter of the seedling of the test seedling by using a measuring tape and a vernier caliper at the beginning and the end of the test treatment, and calculating the measurement difference between the end of the test treatment and the beginning of the test treatment, namely the growth quantity of the height and the diameter of the seedling of the test seedling.
(2) Biomass determination: and (4) measuring the aboveground biomass of the test nursery stock by adopting a drying method. After test seedlings are collected, the test seedlings are distinguished according to roots, stems and leaves, respectively put into envelopes, placed in a drying oven for deactivation of enzymes for 30 min at 105 ℃, and then dried to constant weight at 70 ℃. After drying, the weight of the plant roots, stems and leaves is weighed in turn (the precision of the balance is 0.0001 g).
(3) And (3) measuring the content of organic acid: the content of 5 organic acids, namely acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid and malic acid, in the fir root system samples obtained under different treatment conditions is determined by using ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS).
(4) And (3) determining the content of the carbohydrate: the content of glucose, fructose and 3 sugars of sucrose in the fir leaves and root tissues under different treatment conditions is determined by using ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
(5) And (3) measuring the content of phosphorus: adopts a full-automatic microwave digestion instrument and HNO3The digestion method is used for digesting the dried and ground plant samples (roots, stems and leaves), and the phosphorus content of different parts of the fir is determined by adopting a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method.
(6) And (3) measuring other physiological indexes: measuring the acid phosphatase activity of the leaves of the fir which are treated by different methods by referring to Mkalanchlan; respectively measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Catalase (CAT) activity, soluble protein content and proline content of leaves and root systems of the fir treated differently by adopting a nitrogen blue tetrazolium method, an ultraviolet absorption method, a Coomassie brilliant blue method and an acidic indetrione method; the method comprises the steps of measuring the content of photosynthetic pigments of fir leaves treated by different methods by adopting an ethanol-acetone extraction method, wherein the content comprises chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the total content of chlorophyll and the content of carotenoid.
1.4 statistical analysis of data
Integrating by using Multi Quant software, and calculating the content by using a standard curve; data collation was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016 software, statistical analysis of data was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19 software, comparative analysis of significance was performed using Tukey test at a significance level of 5%, and charting was performed using Origin 2021b software.
1.5 results and analysis
The results of the effects of calcium treatment at different concentrations on the height, ground diameter growth and biomass distribution of fir seedlings under low phosphorus stress are shown in fig. 1-2.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the growth of the fir seedlings in height and ground diameter. As can be seen from the figure, the seedling height increment and the ground diameter increment of the M25 fir clone are both expressed by that the phosphorus deficiency treatment is smaller than the CK treatment; however, the application of different concentrations of calcium in the phosphorus deficient environment increased the seedling height gain and ground diameter gain of M25 to different extents and the application of the calcium channel inhibitor lanthanum chloride reduced the seedling height gain of M25 compared to treatment 1, which was phosphorus deficient and no calcium. This shows that the application of calcium with different concentrations under the stress of phosphorus can promote the height and the ground diameter growth of the fir seedlings to a certain extent.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on biomass distribution of fir. As can be seen from the figure, under different treatment conditions, the biomass distribution rule of the clone of the M25 fir shows that the aboveground biomass is larger than the underground biomass, and the difference between different treatments is not obvious; the aboveground and underground biomass of CK treated M25 is greater than that of phosphorus deficiency and calcium treatment is not applied; under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, M25 above-ground biomass is applied with 2.5 mmol.L-1Calcium increase, and underground biomass at a calcium concentration of 5.0 mmol.L-1And increases in time.
The results in FIGS. 1 and 2 show that phosphorus stress inhibits the morphological growth of the clone of M25 fir, and calcium treatment can relieve the inhibition of phosphorus stress on the growth of fir seedlings by promoting the height and the diameter of the seedlings and adjusting the biomass accumulation and distribution.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of organic acids in the root system of Cunninghamia lanceolata. As can be seen from the figure, under the condition of CK treatment, the citric acid and the succinic acid content of the clone root system of M25 fir are lower than that of phosphorus-deficient and calcium-deficient treatment, and the malic acid, the oxalic acid and the acetic acid content are higher than that of phosphorus-deficient and calcium-deficient treatment. After calcium with different concentrations is independently applied under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the citric acid content of M25 root system is obviously improved. After lanthanum chloride was added, the citric acid content of treatments 5 and 6 was reduced compared to treatments 2 and 3. The same as citric acid, under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the application of calcium with different concentrations obviously improves the malic acid content of M25 root system, wherein, 2.5 mmol.L is applied to M25-1And 5.0 mmol. L-1When the calcium is used, the malic acid content of the root system is 2.36 times and 2.91 times of that of the phosphorus-deficient treatment. Under the combined action of lanthanum chloride, the malic acid content of M25 root system is reduced to different degrees. After calcium with different concentrations is independently applied in a phosphorus-deficient environment, the change trend of the contents of succinic acid and oxalic acid is slightly different from the change of citric acid and malic acid. The content of succinic acid and oxalic acid of M25 root system is added to be 2.5 mmol.L-1Calcium rise; in situ applicationAdding 2.5 mmol. L-1Calcium and lanthanum chloride, the succinic acid and oxalic acid content of M25 roots was reduced compared to calcium alone. In addition, under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, 2.5 mmol.L is applied-1Calcium increased the acetic acid content of the M25 roots, while the simultaneous application of lanthanum chloride generally reduced the acetic acid content of the M25 roots. This shows that the application of calcium in phosphorus-deficient environment can increase the organic acid content of the root system of the fir to some extent.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the antioxidant enzyme activity of cedar. As can be seen from the figure, the SOD activity of the clone leaves and root systems of M25 fir under the phosphorus deficiency environment is higher than that of CK treatment; under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the SOD activity of M25 leaves and root systems is improved to a certain degree along with the application of calcium; under the condition of phosphorus deficiency and no calcium application, the CAT activity of the M25 leaf is lower than that of CK treatment; CAT activity is improved to different degrees after calcium is independently applied; applying lanthanum chloride simultaneously with calcium reduces CAT activity compared to calcium alone. Therefore, the calcium application treatment improves the activity of antioxidant enzymes of the leaves and the root system of the fir under low-phosphorus stress, and enhances the capability of the fir in resisting low-phosphorus adversity.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of substances for regulating the permeability of fir. Soluble protein and proline are important osmoregulation substances in plant cells, and can relieve the damage of external stress to the cells. As can be seen from FIG. 5, under different treatment conditions, the soluble protein content of the clone leaf of M25 fir is obviously lower than that of the root system, and under the phosphorus-deficient environment, the soluble protein content of the M25 leaf shows an ascending trend after calcium is applied, but the difference among 2 concentration treatments is not obvious. Under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the proline content of M25 leaves and root systems can be increased by calcium treatment with different concentrations, and 5.0 mmol.L-1The proline content is increased more during calcium treatment; the application of lanthanum chloride has an inhibiting effect on the accumulation of proline, the proline content is reduced, and the difference reaches a remarkable level. This indicates that calcium application can alleviate the damage of low phosphorus stress to fir seedlings by improving the cell's osmoregulation ability.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the activity of acid phosphatase of cedar. As can be seen, M25 fir clone leaf under CK conditionThe activity of the acid phosphatase is higher than that of the treatment without calcium supply in phosphorus deficiency, and 2.5 mmol/L and 5.0 mmol/L are applied in comparison with the treatment without calcium supply in phosphorus deficiency-1After calcium, the acid phosphatase activity of the M25 leaf blade is improved by 34.72% and 21.72% respectively. The application of calcium in the phosphorus-deficient environment can improve the activity of acid phosphatase in the fir leaves to a certain degree, and 2.5 mmol.L-1The calcium treatment has more obvious effect on improving the activity of the acid phosphatase of the fir.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the phosphorus nutrient accumulation and utilization efficiency of Cunninghamia lanceolata. As can be seen, the phosphorus content of the clone M25 fir was generally expressed as leaves under different treatment conditions>Stem of a tree>The phosphorus content of the root, the overground part (leaf and stem) is obviously higher than that of the underground part (root), and the phosphorus content of the root is less changed. The phosphorus content of M25 root, stem and leaf is lower than that of CK treatment when no calcium treatment is applied in phosphorus deficiency, and the phosphorus content is increased after calcium with different concentrations is applied in phosphorus deficiency environment. Under the action of lanthanum chloride, only 5.0 mmol.L is applied at the same time-1Calcium and lanthanum chloride reduce the phosphorus content of M25 stems and leaves; while the phosphorus content of M25 roots showed a slight decrease after the application of different concentrations of calcium, the addition of lanthanum chloride caused the phosphorus content to continue to decrease. The phosphorus utilization efficiency of M25 in low-phosphorus treatment is higher than that of phosphorus supply treatment, which indicates that the low-phosphorus environment improves the phosphorus utilization efficiency of M25; compared with phosphorus deficiency without calcium treatment, the treatment of calcium with different concentrations does not obviously improve the phosphorus utilization efficiency, but compared with phosphorus supply treatment, the treatment of calcium with different concentrations under the phosphorus deficiency condition improves the phosphorus utilization efficiency, and 2.5 and 5.0 mmol.L are applied-1After calcium, the phosphorus utilization efficiency of M25 was improved by 21.20% and 30.20%, respectively. In conclusion, the low-phosphorus stress promotes the absorption of the fir to phosphorus to a certain extent, and the calcium treatment can improve the absorption of the fir to phosphorus under the low-phosphorus stress and promote the redistribution of the fir to adapt to the low-phosphorus adverse environment.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the content of photosynthetic pigments in cedar. As can be seen from the figure, under the condition of phosphorus deficiency and no calcium application, the chlorophyll a content of the M25 fir clone is not significantly changed compared with CK, and the chlorophyll b, the total amount of chlorophyll and the carotenoid content are slightly higher than those of CK treatment; 4 photosynthetic colors of M25 after calcium application alone at different concentrations compared to no calcium treatment for phosphorus deficiencyThe content of the elements is increased to different degrees, which shows that the content of the fir photosynthetic pigment can be increased to a certain degree by applying calcium under the condition of low phosphorus stress. After lanthanum chloride application, the content of 4 photosynthetic pigments of M25 all showed a different degree of reduction. Furthermore, M25 was 2.5 mmol. multidot.L-1The chlorophyll content of the calcium-enriched solution is increased greatly, while the carotenoid content of M25 is 5.0 mmol.L-1The calcium concentration increased more with the treatment. This indicates that calcium treatment has a promoting effect on the synthesis of M25 photosynthetic pigments under low phosphorus stress, and has an important effect on enhancing the photosynthetic capacity of fir and the capacity of adapting to low phosphorus stress.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of different treatments on the carbohydrate content of fir. As can be seen, under different treatment conditions, the glucose content of the cloned leaf of M25 fir is significantly higher than that of the root system, wherein the glucose content of the leaf of M25 is significantly higher than that of the leaf of CK under the condition of phosphorus deficiency and no calcium application, and the glucose content of the root system of M25 shows that the phosphorus deficiency and no calcium application are lower than that of the leaf of CK. Under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the glucose content of M25 leaf is 2.5 mmol.L-1The calcium content is in an ascending trend, and the glucose content of the leaves treated by the treatment 4 and the treatment 5 is obviously reduced compared with the glucose content of the leaves treated by the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 after lanthanum chloride is applied; the glucose content of the M25 root system has a trend which is basically consistent with that of the leaf blade under different treatment conditions. Under different treatment conditions, the fructose content of the clone leaves of M25 fir is obviously higher than that of the roots, and the fructose content of the leaves and the roots of M25 is higher than that of CK treatment due to phosphorus deficiency and no calcium treatment. Under the condition of phosphorus deficiency, the fructose content of M25 leaves and root system is independently added to be 2.5 mmol.L-1After calcium, the calcium content increased significantly, and 5.0 mmol. multidot.L was added alone-1After calcium, both of them show a downward trend, and the fructose content of the leaves changes significantly (P<0.05). After lanthanum chloride application, leaf fructose levels were reduced for treatments 4, 5, and 6 compared to treatments 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and differences between treatments 4 and 5 were of significant level (R) ((R))P<0.05); the fructose content of the roots was also significantly reduced for treatments 4 and 5 compared to treatments 1 and 2. Similar to glucose and fructose, the sucrose content of the M25 fir clone leaf was significantly higher than that of the root system under different treatment conditions, except for the change in sucrose content of the M25 leaf and root systemThe change is more remarkable. In CK treatment, the sucrose content of the M25 leaf is obviously higher than that of the leaf without calcium treatment due to phosphorus deficiency, and the root system of M25 has no obvious change. In the phosphorus-deficient environment, the sucrose contents of the M25 leaves and the root system all show different ascending trends after applying different concentrations of calcium, and the difference reaches a significant level (P<0.05). This shows that calcium treatment improves the content of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the leaves and root system of fir under low phosphorus stress, promotes the accumulation of carbohydrate content in fir, and the concentration is 2.5 mmol.L-1The calcium treatment has more remarkable accumulation effect on the content of the calcium.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and should be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A calcium application method for promoting the growth of Chinese fir under low phosphorus stress is characterized in that: uniformly applying the calcium-containing nutrient solution to the soil within 8-12 cm away from the root system of the Chinese fir within 3-4 months per year, and applying the calcium-containing nutrient solution once every 5 days; the calcium ion content in the calcium-containing nutrient solution is not less than 5.0 mmol.L-1The calcium ion is derived from Ca (NO)3)2·4H2O。
2. The method of calcium application according to claim 1, wherein: the calcium ion content in the calcium-containing nutrient solution is 2.5 mmol.L-1。
3. The method of calcium application according to claim 1, wherein: according to Ca (NO)3)2·4H2The dosage of the calcium-containing nutrient solution is 42-84 mg per plant-1。
4. The method of calcium application according to claim 1, wherein: the calcium-containing nutrient solution also contains 5.0 mmol/L-1 KNO3、2.0mmol·L-1 MgSO4·7H2O、0.04625 mmol·L-1 H3BO3、0.000316 mmol·L-1 CuSO4·5H2O、0.000765 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O、0.0091 mmol·L-1MnCl2·4H2O、0.0005 mmol·L-1 H8MoN2O4、0.1 mmol·L-1 Na2·EDTA、0.000111 mmol·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O、1.0 mmol·L-1 KH2PO4Or KCl, the pH value of which is 5.8.
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