CN114763819A

CN114763819A - Limiting mechanism, suspension system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114763819A
Application number: CN202110044492.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗谢盼; 樊义祥; 崔红亮; 周飘儿; 刘勇奎; 丁都都
Original assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-13
Filing date: 2021-01-13
Publication date: 2022-07-19

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle suspensions, and relates to a limiting mechanism, a suspension system and a vehicle. The limiting mechanism comprises an oil cylinder and a first piston, wherein the oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, an oil seal, a connecting rod assembly and a second piston, the first piston is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding mode and divides an inner cavity of the cylinder body into an air cavity and an oil cavity, the second piston is connected in the oil cavity of the cylinder body in a sliding mode and divides the oil cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, the first sub-cavity is located between the air cavity and the second sub-cavity, an opening communicated with the second sub-cavity is formed in the cylinder body, the oil seal is installed at the opening of the cylinder body, and the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the oil seal and is fixedly connected with the second piston; the second piston is provided with a first check valve and a second check valve, liquid in the first sub-cavity can flow into the second sub-cavity through the first check valve, and liquid in the second sub-cavity can flow into the first sub-cavity through the second check valve. The limiting mechanism can give consideration to both comfort and safety.

Description

Limiting mechanism, suspension system and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle suspension systems, and particularly relates to a limiting mechanism, a suspension system and a vehicle.

Background

The shock absorber and the limiting block are used as important performance parts of the suspension system and mainly play roles in buffering road surface impact and attenuating shock of the suspension and a vehicle body. However, the working capacity of the existing shock absorber and the limiting block is single, and the following problems are often caused:

(1) the damping force that the shock absorber provided at stroke end is very little, and the reduction rate is extremely fast moreover, can't provide sufficient buffering and decay for the big stroke is strikeed, and parts such as suspension, automobile body and stopper are not enough to the shock attenuation ability, bear load great, easily appear the reliability problem, like weld fracture, shock absorber oil leakage and stopper wearing and tearing scheduling problem.

(2) The limiting block is an elastic element and a non-damping element. After the limiting block is compressed, the kinetic energy of the suspension is stored into elastic potential energy through deformation and is not attenuated. After the stroke is finished, elastic potential energy is released instantly to push the suspension to rebound rapidly, so that impact feeling and vehicle body shaking are caused. Especially when the vehicle is in more abominable operating mode, the suspension will frequently bump the automobile body for whole car impact feels strong and the sound quality is poor.

(3) When the vehicle is turned at a large angle, the vehicle is greatly inclined, the outer suspension is lack of support, and the vehicle body control is poor.

(4) The performance of the shock absorber cannot give consideration to both comfort and safety, and in order to improve the comfort, the damping force of the shock absorber is reduced; to improve safety, the damper damping force should be increased.

(5) Suspension anti-nodding performance is poor.

(6) The limiting block can provide a large limiting load under the impact of a large stroke, but can only temporarily store energy and cannot dissipate the energy.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem that the existing shock absorber cannot give consideration to both comfort and safety is solved, and the limiting mechanism, the suspension system and the vehicle are provided.

In order to solve the technical problem, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a limiting mechanism, including an oil cylinder and a first piston, where the oil cylinder includes a cylinder body, an oil seal, a connecting rod assembly, and a second piston, the first piston is slidably connected in the cylinder body and divides an inner cavity of the cylinder body into an air cavity and an oil cavity, the second piston is slidably connected in the oil cavity of the cylinder body and divides the oil cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, the first sub-cavity is located between the air cavity and the second sub-cavity, an opening communicated with the second sub-cavity is formed in the cylinder body, the oil seal is installed at the opening of the cylinder body, and the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the oil seal and is fixedly connected with the second piston;

the second piston is provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, liquid in the first sub-cavity can flow into the second sub-cavity through the first one-way valve, and liquid in the second sub-cavity can flow into the first sub-cavity through the second one-way valve.

According to the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention, the oil seal is arranged at the opening of the cylinder body to realize sealing, the inner cavity of the cylinder body is divided into the air cavity and the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity by arranging the first piston and the second piston, and the first check valve and the second check valve are arranged on the second piston to be independently opened in the compression stroke or the rebound stroke respectively. The limiting mechanism of the embodiment of the invention starts to function when the jumping stroke of the tire reaches a certain value, so that the damping force is rapidly increased along with the increase of the compression stroke, and the external buffering and limiting capabilities are provided for a suspension system, thereby not only effectively improving the impact feeling and the sound quality of the whole vehicle caused by frequent collision of the suspension with the vehicle body when the vehicle passes through a severe working condition, but also effectively improving the impact attenuation capability of parts such as the suspension, the vehicle body and the limiting block, and simultaneously improving the reliability of the parts and reducing the possibility of the problems of weld joint cracking, oil leakage of the shock absorber, abrasion of the limiting block and the like. In addition, the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the outer side suspension support and the vehicle body control, improve the anti-nod performance of the suspension and improve the driving comfort when the vehicle is steered at a large angle.

Optionally, the first check valve includes a first valve plate and a first valve hole formed on the second piston, the first valve plate is mounted on the second piston at a position corresponding to the first valve hole, and the first valve plate is located in the second sub-cavity;

the first valve plate is provided with an opening state and a closing state, and in the opening state of the first valve plate, the liquid in the first sub-cavity can flow into the second sub-cavity through the first valve hole; in the closed state of the first valve plate, the liquid in the first sub-cavity cannot flow into the second sub-cavity.

Optionally, the second check valve includes a second valve plate and a second valve hole formed on the second piston, the second valve plate is mounted on the second piston at a position corresponding to the second valve hole, and the second valve plate is located in the first sub-chamber;

the second valve plate is provided with an opening state and a closing state, and in the opening state of the second valve plate, the liquid in the second sub-cavity can flow into the first sub-cavity through the second valve hole; in the closed state of the second valve plate, the liquid in the second sub-cavity cannot flow into the first sub-cavity.

Optionally, the connecting rod assembly comprises a connecting rod body and an impact table, one end of the connecting rod body is fixedly connected with the impact table, the other end of the connecting rod body penetrates through the oil seal and is fixedly connected with the second piston, and the connecting rod body is in interference fit with the oil seal.

Optionally, a side surface of the impact table facing away from the oil seal is a spherical surface.

Optionally, the connecting rod assembly further includes a fixing ring and a rebound washer, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod body and located in the second sub-cavity, and the rebound washer is installed on one side of the fixing ring facing the oil seal.

Optionally, the fixing ring and the resilient washer are sleeved on the connecting rod body.

Optionally, the oil cylinder further comprises a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected in the cylinder body, the other end of the connecting rod body penetrates through the oil seal and the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected with the second piston, and the connecting rod body is in sliding contact with the guide sleeve.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a suspension system, which includes the above-mentioned limiting mechanism.

In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned limiting mechanism or the above-mentioned suspension system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spacing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a spacing mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spacing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a compressed state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention in a rebound state;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a suspension system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

1. an oil cylinder; 11. a cylinder body; 111. an air cavity; 112. an oil chamber; 1121. a first sub-chamber; 1122. a second sub-cavity; 12. oil sealing; 13. a connecting rod assembly; 131. a connecting rod body; 132. an impact table; 133. a fixing ring; 134. a resilient gasket; 14. a second piston; 15. a first check valve; 151. a first valve plate; 152. a first valve hole; 16. a second one-way valve; 161. a second valve plate; 162. a second valve hole; 17. a guide sleeve;

2. a first piston.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an oil cylinder 1 and a first piston 2, where the oil cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body 11, an oil seal 12, a connecting rod assembly 13, and a second piston 14.

The first piston 2 is slidably connected in the cylinder 11 and divides the inner cavity of the cylinder 11 into an air chamber 111 and an oil chamber 112, and the first piston 2 can isolate the air chamber 111 and the oil chamber 112 at two ends and can also slide in the cylinder 11.

The second piston 14 is slidably connected in the oil chamber 112 of the cylinder body 11 and divides the oil chamber 112 into a first sub-chamber 1121 and a second sub-chamber 1122, the first sub-chamber 1121 is located between the air chamber 111 and the second sub-chamber 1122, an opening communicated with the second sub-chamber 1122 is formed on the cylinder body 11, the oil seal 12 is installed at the opening of the oil cylinder 1, and the connecting rod assembly 13 passes through the oil seal 12 and is fixedly connected with the second piston 14.

The second piston 14 is provided with a first check valve 15 and a second check valve 16, and the liquid in the first sub-chamber 1121 can flow into the second sub-chamber 1122 through the first check valve 15, and the liquid in the second sub-chamber 1122 can flow into the first sub-chamber 1121 through the second check valve 16.

According to the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention, the oil seal 12 is arranged at the opening of the cylinder body 1 to realize sealing, the inner cavity of the cylinder body 11 is divided into the air cavity 111 and the first sub-cavity 1121 and the second sub-cavity 1122 by arranging the first piston 13 and the second piston 14, and the first check valve 15 and the second check valve 16 are arranged on the second piston 14 to be independently opened in a compression stroke or a rebound stroke respectively. The limiting mechanism of the embodiment of the invention starts to act when the jumping stroke of the tire reaches a certain value, so that the damping force is rapidly increased along with the increase of the compression stroke, and the external buffering and limiting capabilities are provided for a suspension system, thereby not only effectively improving the impact feeling and the sound quality of the whole vehicle caused by the frequent collision of the suspension with the vehicle body when the vehicle passes through a severe working condition, but also effectively improving the impact attenuation capability of parts such as the suspension, the vehicle body and the limiting block and the like, simultaneously improving the reliability of the parts, and reducing the possibility of the problems of weld joint cracking, oil leakage of the shock absorber, the abrasion of the limiting block and the like. In addition, the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the outer side suspension support and the vehicle body control, improve the anti-nod performance of the suspension and improve the driving comfort when the vehicle is steered at a large angle.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cylinder 11 is sealed by welding in sequence opposite to the opening. The opening of the cylinder body 11 is matched with the edge rolling of the opening of the cylinder body 1 through an oil seal 12 to realize sealing. The connecting rod assembly 13 is in interference fit with a rubber lip of the oil seal 12 to realize sealing.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first check valve 15 includes a first valve plate 151 and a first valve hole 152 formed on the second piston 14, the first valve plate 151 is installed on the second piston 14 at a position corresponding to the first valve hole 152, and the first valve plate 151 is located in the second chamber 1122.

The first valve plate 151 is provided with an open state and a closed state. As shown in fig. 3, when the limiting mechanism is in a compressed state, the connecting rod body 131 performs a compression motion, the first valve plate 151 is in an open state, and the liquid in the first sub-chamber 1121 can flow into the second sub-chamber 1122 through the first valve hole 152, so as to achieve compression and buffering. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, when the limiting mechanism is not in the compressed state, the connecting rod body 131 stops moving, the first valve plate 151 is in the closed state, and the liquid in the first sub-chamber 1121 cannot flow into the second sub-chamber 1122, so that the compression is stopped.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the second check valve 16 includes a second valve plate 161 and a second valve hole 162 formed on the second piston 14, the second valve plate 161 is mounted on the second piston 14 at a position corresponding to the second valve hole 162, and the second valve plate 161 is located in the first sub-cavity 1121.

The second valve plate 161 is provided with an open state and a closed state. As shown in fig. 4, when the limiting mechanism is in the rebound state, the connecting rod body 131 performs a rebound motion, the second valve plate 161 is in the open state, and the liquid in the second sub-chamber 1122 can flow into the first sub-chamber 1121 through the second valve hole 162, so as to achieve the rebound effect. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the stopper mechanism is not in the rebound state, the movement of the link body 131 is stopped, the second valve plate 161 is in the closed state, and the liquid in the second sub-chamber 1122 cannot flow into the first sub-chamber 1121, so that the rebound is stopped.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, to meet different buffering requirements, the buffering effect can be adjusted by adjusting the opening stiffness of the first valve plate 151 of the first check valve 15 and the second valve plate 161 of the second check valve 16.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the connecting rod assembly 13 includes a connecting rod body 131 and an impact platform 132, one end of the connecting rod body 131 is fixedly connected to the impact platform 132, the other end of the connecting rod body 131 passes through the oil seal 12 and is fixedly connected to the second piston 14, and the connecting rod body 131 and the oil seal 12 are in interference fit to divide the oil chamber 112 into a first sub-chamber 1121 and a second sub-chamber 1122 which are relatively independent.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the second piston 14 and the striking table 132 are screwed on the connecting rod body 131 to connect the second piston 14 and the striking table 132 with the connecting rod body 131.

An impact boss is arranged in the lower swing arm of the suspension, when the wheel jumps up to drive the lower swing arm to swing upwards, the lower swing arm impacts the impact table 132 of the limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism starts to work after the impact table 132 is impacted. The striking table 132 transmits impact load to the connecting rod body 131, the oil seal 12, the guide sleeve 17, and the second piston 14 to seal and guide the compression and rebound movement of the connecting rod body 131.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a surface of the striking table 132 facing away from the oil seal 12 is spherical.

The setting up of striking platform 132 sphere can guarantee that swing arm strikes at the swing in-process striking platform 132 during, can constantly with stop gear keeps the malleation, guarantees stop gear works.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the connecting rod assembly 13 further includes a fixing ring 133 and a rebound washer 134, the fixing ring 133 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod body 131 and located in the second chamber 1122, and the rebound washer 134 is mounted on a side of the fixing ring 133 facing the oil seal 12.

The rebound washer 134 can provide cushioning for the rebound of the connecting rod body 131, and reduce impact between the connecting rod body 131 and other components.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fixing ring 133 and the resilient washer 134 are sleeved on the connecting rod body 131, so as to connect the fixing ring 133 and the resilient washer 134 to the connecting rod body 131.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the oil cylinder further includes a guide sleeve 17, the guide sleeve 17 is fixedly connected in the cylinder body 11, the other end of the connecting rod body 131 passes through the oil seal 12 and the guide sleeve 17 to be fixedly connected with the second piston 14, and the connecting rod body 131 is in sliding contact with the guide sleeve 17. The guide sleeve 17 is configured to guide the movement of the connecting rod body 131.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a mounting step is formed at the opening of the cylinder 11, and the guide sleeve 17 is press-fitted at the mounting step to provide a motion guide for the connecting rod body 131.

The working principle of the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

let the pressure in the air chamber 111 be P1, the pressure in the first sub-chamber 1121 be P2, and the pressure in the second sub-chamber 1122 be P3.

As shown in fig. 1, in the free state, P1-P2-P3, that is, the pressure in the air cavity 111 is equal to the pressure in the first sub-cavity 1121 and the pressure in the second sub-cavity 1122, and the limiting mechanism is in the longest state.

As shown in fig. 3, in the compressed state, when the spherical striking table 132 is struck by the lower swing arm, the connecting rod body 131 is pushed into the cylinder 11, the pressure inside the cylinder 11 starts to change, so that P2 is greater than P1 and P2 is greater than P3, and at this time, the oil flows from the first sub-chamber 1121 to the second sub-chamber 1122 through the first check valve 15. Due to the difficulty of opening the first check valve 15, the oil will generate severe friction when passing through the first check valve 15, and finally be dissipated in the form of heat energy. Meanwhile, as the connecting rod body 131 is pressed into the cylinder 11, the total volume of the solid and liquid inside the cylinder 11 becomes larger, so that the first piston 2 is pushed upward by the oil, and the space of the air chamber 111 becomes smaller.

As shown in fig. 4, in the rebound state, after the compression stroke of the connecting rod body 131 reaches the maximum, the lower suspension jumps downwards, the limiting mechanism is unloaded, at this time, P1 is greater than P2 and P3 is greater than P2, the air chamber 111 expands, the first piston 2 moves downwards to push the connecting rod body 131 out of the cylinder 11, so that the rigidity of the second check valve 16 is low, the oil in the lower chamber can easily open the second check valve 16, the oil flows from the second chamber 1122 to the first chamber 1121, and the connecting rod body 131 continues to be pushed out of the cylinder until limiting.

The limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention divides damping parameters of a suspension system into 2 sections which can be adjusted, so that the attenuation capability of large impact energy is enhanced. By using the limiting mechanism, the total damping curve of the suspension system comprises an area far larger than that of a damping curve only carrying a scheme of a conventional shock absorber, so that the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention has an obvious effect on energy attenuation.

When the vehicle runs on a good road surface, the limiting mechanism does not work, the shock absorber can be matched into small damping force, and the comfort of the vehicle is improved. When the vehicle runs on a severe road surface and the suspension jumps beyond a certain range, the limiting mechanism works to provide extra and enough damping force for the suspension, so that the control and comfort of the vehicle body are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention can attenuate the elastic potential energy, thereby improving the comfort and the reliability of the vehicle body and the suspension parts. In addition, the limiting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention can be matched with other adjusting pieces of the suspension to set different adjusting schemes, so that the safety, the operation stability, the comfort and the reliability of the whole vehicle are integrally improved, the vehicle adjusting space is widened, and the vehicle competitiveness is improved.

As shown in fig. 5, a suspension system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism can be arranged on the vehicle body and is positioned in the middle of a spiral spring of the suspension system.

The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the limiting mechanism or the suspension system.

The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A limiting mechanism is characterized by comprising an oil cylinder and a first piston, wherein the oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, an oil seal, a connecting rod assembly and a second piston, the first piston is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding mode and divides an inner cavity of the cylinder body into an air cavity and an oil cavity, the second piston is connected in the oil cavity of the cylinder body in a sliding mode and divides the oil cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, the first sub-cavity is located between the air cavity and the second sub-cavity, an opening communicated with the second sub-cavity is formed in the cylinder body, the oil seal is installed at the opening of the cylinder body, and the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the oil seal and is fixedly connected with the second piston;

2. The limiting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the first check valve includes a first valve plate and a first valve hole formed on the second piston, the first valve plate is mounted on the second piston at a position corresponding to the first valve hole, and the first valve plate is located in the second cavity;

3. The spacing mechanism according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein said second one-way valve comprises a second valve plate and a second valve hole formed on said second piston, said second valve plate being mounted on said second piston at a position corresponding to said second valve hole, said second valve plate being located in said first sub-chamber;

4. The limiting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod assembly comprises a connecting rod body and an impact table, one end of the connecting rod body is fixedly connected with the impact table, the other end of the connecting rod body penetrates through the oil seal to be fixedly connected with the second piston, and the connecting rod body and the oil seal are in interference fit.

5. The limiting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein a surface of the impact table on a side facing away from the oil seal is spherical.

6. The spacing mechanism of claim 4, wherein said linkage assembly further comprises a retaining ring fixedly attached to said linkage body and located within said second chamber, and a resilient washer mounted on a side of said retaining ring facing said oil seal.

7. The limiting mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the fixing ring and the resilient washer are sleeved on the connecting rod body.

8. The limiting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the oil cylinder further comprises a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected in the cylinder body, the other end of the connecting rod body penetrates through the oil seal and the guide sleeve to be fixedly connected with the second piston, and the connecting rod body is in sliding contact with the guide sleeve.

9. A suspension system comprising a spacing mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle comprising a spacing mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 or a suspension system as claimed in claim 9.