CN114760546A

CN114760546A - Speaker device and vehicle door

Info

Publication number: CN114760546A
Application number: CN202111656962.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 佐藤明善
Original assignee: Yamaha Corp
Current assignee: Yamaha Corp
Priority date: 2021-01-08
Filing date: 2021-12-30
Publication date: 2022-07-15
Also published as: JP2022107280A

Abstract

The invention provides a speaker device capable of suppressing vibration transmission from a speaker unit to a mounting object member. A speaker device (1) has a speaker unit (2) and a spring member (30), and the spring member (30) is positioned between the speaker unit (2) and a member (50) to be attached and supports the speaker unit (2). The spring constant (k1) of the spring member (30) in the center axis direction (O) of the speaker unit (2), and the resonance frequency (fc) of the mass (m) of the speaker unit (2) or the total mass (m1) of the speaker unit (2) and the spring member (30) are lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit (2).

Description

Speaker device and vehicle door

Technical Field

The invention relates to a speaker device and a vehicle door.

Background

As a speaker having an inner box and an outer box, there is a speaker in which a coil-shaped spring member is interposed between the inner box and the outer box (for example, see patent document 1). In addition, there is a speaker in which a sealing member and a package are disposed around a sound emitting surface of a speaker unit. The speaker is attached to a surface member provided on a door trim via a sealing member and a package (see, for example, patent document 2).

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 6424963 Specification

Patent document 2: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 10-210582

Disclosure of Invention

Vibration of the speaker may be transmitted to a member to be attached to the speaker frame via the speaker frame. Therefore, the mounting target member may resonate or abnormal noise may occur due to vibration. The invention restrains the vibration of the loudspeaker unit from transmitting from the loudspeaker frame to the mounting object component.

A speaker device of the present invention includes a speaker unit and a spring member that is positioned between the speaker unit and a member to be attached and supports the speaker unit. The spring constant k1 of the spring member in the center axis direction of the speaker unit, and the resonance frequency fc of the mass m of the speaker unit or the total mass m1 of the speaker unit and the spring member are lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit.

The vehicle door of the present invention includes the speaker device and a panel member having an opening. The speaker device is held in the opening.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a speaker device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the speaker device.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the intermediate frame.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the spring member.

Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a vehicle door having a speaker device.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the dimensions and scales of the respective portions are appropriately different from the actual dimensions and scales. The embodiments described below are specific preferred examples of the present invention. Therefore, in the present embodiment, various technically preferable limitations are attached. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments unless specifically described in the following description.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a speaker device 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the speaker device 1. The speaker device 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2 is used as an in-vehicle speaker device mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, for example, as shown in fig. 5.

The speaker device 1 can be attached to a door of a vehicle via an inner panel, which is an attachment target member 50, for example. The application of the speaker device 1 is not limited to the vehicle-mounted application, and may be other applications. The member 50 to be mounted with the speaker device 1 is not limited to the inner panel. The mounting object member 50 may be another member such as a door trim. An opening for holding the speaker device 1 is formed in the mounting object member 50. For example, the speaker device 1 is fixed to a peripheral edge portion surrounding the opening portion via a mounting member 40 described later.

In fig. 2, a part of the speaker device 1 is shown in cross section. The cross section is a cross section taken along the axis O of the speaker unit 2. The axis O is a line segment parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm 3 described later and passing through the center of the diaphragm 3. The direction intersecting the axis O is the radial direction Y of the speaker unit 2. In the axis O direction, the side on which the diaphragm 3 is disposed is the front side, and the opposite side is the back side B. The front side is a sound reproduction surface side F. The axis O of the speaker unit 2 is an axis O of a magnetic circuit 6 described later.

The speaker device 1 includes a speaker unit 2. The speaker unit 2 includes a diaphragm 3, a driver 4, and a speaker frame 5, and is a structure in which these components are unitized.

The vibrating plate 3 is a vibrating body made of a sheet material and configured to perform sound emission by vibration. The sheet is obtained by, for example, hardening or curing a resin material in a state of being impregnated into a fiber base material. Examples of the resin material include acrylic resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, modified rubber resin, and phenol resin. Examples of the fiber base material include carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, silica fibers, metal fibers, potassium titanate fibers, zirconia fibers, polyacrylate fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, vinylon fibers, rayon fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, and cellulose fibers.

The diaphragm 3 vibrates in a direction along the axis O. The diaphragm 3 is of a cone (cone) type. The shape of the diaphragm 3 is not limited to the conical shape, and may be, for example, a dome (dome) type.

The driving unit 4 is a mechanism for driving the diaphragm 3 based on an input electric signal. The drive unit 4 includes: a magnetic circuit 6 that generates a magnetic field; and a voice coil 7 connected to the diaphragm 3.

The magnetic circuit 6 includes a magnet 8, a yoke 9, and a center rod 10. The magnet 8, the yoke 9, and the center rod 10 are disposed on the back surface side B of the diaphragm 3 in the axis O direction. The magnet 8, the yoke 9, and the center rod 10 are arranged coaxially with the axis O. The magnet 8 is annular, the yoke 9 is disc-shaped, and the center rod 10 is cylindrical. The yoke 9 and the center rod 10 are made of a magnetic material.

The magnetic flux generated from the magnet 8 passes through the yoke 9 and the center rod 10. A magnetic field is formed around the magnetic circuit 6 due to the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic circuit 6. The voice coil 7 is disposed in the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit 6.

The speaker unit 2 has a bobbin 11 around which the voice coil 7 is wound. The bobbin 11 includes a cylindrical portion 11a and a center cover 11 b. The center cover 11b closes the front opening of the cylindrical portion 11 a. The voice coil 7 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 11a of the bobbin 11.

The diaphragm 3 is formed around the center cover 11b when viewed from the axis O direction. The inner periphery 3a of the diaphragm 3 is connected to the outer periphery of the center cover 11 b.

The speaker unit 2 has an edge portion 12, and the edge portion 12 has elasticity. The edge portion 12 is annular when viewed from the axis O direction and is provided along the outer periphery 3b of the diaphragm 3. The outer periphery 3b of the diaphragm 3 is connected to the edge 12. The diaphragm 3 is coupled to the speaker frame 5 via the edge portion 12.

The speaker frame 5 holds the diaphragm 3 and the magnetic circuit 6. The speaker frame 5 is made of iron or a metal material or a resin material. The shape of the speaker frame 5 is not limited to the shape shown in fig. 2 as long as it can hold the diaphragm 3 and the magnetic circuit 6, and is arbitrary

The speaker frame 5 includes a conical portion 13, a magnetic circuit housing portion 14, and a flange 15. The conical portion 13 is formed to cover the diaphragm 3 from the outside in the radial direction Y. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 is disposed on the back side B of the conical portion 13 in the axis O direction. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 houses the magnet 8 and the yoke portion 9 in the magnetic circuit 6. The rear surface side B of the center rod 10 is partially housed in the magnetic circuit housing portion 14. The center rod 10 extends from the sound emission surface side F into the conical portion 13. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 houses a part of the magnetic circuit 6.

The flange 15 extends radially outward from the end of the conical portion 13 on the sound emission surface side F. The flange 15 is annular when viewed from the axis O direction.

The speaker unit 2 has a middle frame 20 connected to the speaker frame 5. The intermediate frame 20 is disposed outside the conical portion 13 in the radial direction Y. The intermediate frame 20 is, for example, annular when viewed from the axis O direction. The intermediate frame 20 may also comprise a cylinder, for example. The intermediate frame 20 includes a base portion 21 arranged on the sound emission surface side F in the axis O direction, and an extension portion 22 extending from the base portion 21 toward the back surface side B. The base portion 21 and the extension portion 22 are integrally formed. The intermediate frame 20 may be formed of a plurality of members.

The base portion 21 is fixed to the flange 15. The base portion 21 is attached to the back surface of the flange 15. The outer diameter of the base portion 21 may be the same as the outer diameter of the flange 15. The outer diameter of the base portion 21 may be smaller than the outer diameter of the flange 15, or may be larger than the outer diameter of the flange 15.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing intermediate frame 20. In fig. 3, a cross section along axis O of intermediate frame 20 is shown. The extension 22 is inclined with respect to the axis O in a cross section along the axis O. The inner diameter D1 of the sound emitting surface side F of the extension 22 is larger than the inner diameter D2 of the back surface side B of the extension 22. A connection surface 20a is formed at an end portion of the rear surface side B of the intermediate frame 20. The connection surface 20a is annular when viewed from the direction of the axis O. The connection surface 20a includes a surface perpendicular to the axis O.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the speaker device 1 includes a spring member 30 that supports the speaker unit 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the spring member 30. The spring member 30 is positioned between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting object member 50 in a force transmission path between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting object member 50. The force transmission path between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting target member 50 includes a member to which a force for supporting the speaker unit 2 is transmitted. The speaker device 1 includes a spring member 30 and a mounting member 40 described later.

As shown in fig. 4, the spring member 30 is a ring-shaped plate spring. The plate thickness direction of the plate spring is along the axis O direction. The spring member 30 may be formed of metal or resin. The spring member 30 may be formed of rubber. The spring member 30 may also be formed of other materials. The spring member 30 may be an elastic member other than a spring, and is not limited to the shape shown in fig. 4. For example, it may be an O-ring or an annular viscoelastic body. The spring member 30 has a 1 st ring portion (inner peripheral portion) 31, a 2 nd ring portion (outer peripheral portion) 32, and a coupling portion 33. The 1 st ring portion 31 is disposed on the inner circumferential side, and the 2 nd ring portion 32 is disposed on the outer circumferential side. The connection portion 33 is disposed between the 1 st ring portion 31 and the 2 nd ring portion 32 in the radial direction Y, and connects the 1 st ring portion 31 and the 2 nd ring portion 32. The spring member 30 has a plurality of coupling portions 33. The spring member 30 has, for example, 4 coupling portions 33.

The coupling portion 33 includes: a 1 st portion 33a having a circular arc shape; a 2 nd part 33b connecting the 1 st part 33a and the 1 st ring part 31; and a 3 rd portion 33c connecting the 1 st portion 33a and the 2 nd ring portion 32. The 1 st portion 33a has a predetermined length in the circumferential direction of the spring member 30. The coupling portions 33 adjacent in the circumferential direction form a gap therebetween. In the radial direction Y, a gap is formed between the 1 st ring part 31 and the 1 st portion 33 a. A gap is formed between the 2 nd ring portion 32 and the 1 st portion 33 a. In the length direction of the 1 st part 33a, one end is connected to the 2 nd part 33b, and the other end is connected to the 3 rd part 33 c.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the 1 st ring portion 31 is engaged with the intermediate frame 20, and the 2 nd ring portion 32 is engaged with the mounting member 40. The 1 st ring portion 31 is engaged with the attachment surface 20a of the intermediate frame 20. The 2 nd ring portion 32 is joined to an end surface 40a of the back side B of the mounting member 40. The spring member 30 may be screwed to the attachment surface 20a or may be bonded thereto. Similarly, the spring member 30 may be screwed to the end surface 40a or may be bonded thereto. The spring member 30 may be engaged with the attachment face 20a and the end face 40a by other methods.

The mounting member 40 has a cylindrical body 41, a 1 st flange 42 and a 2 nd flange 43. The cylinder 41 is disposed coaxially with the axis O. The cylindrical body 41 is disposed outside the intermediate frame 20 in the radial direction Y. The 1 st flange 42 is disposed on the sound emission surface side F of the cylinder 41. The 1 st flange 42 extends radially outward from the cylinder 41. The 2 nd flange 43 is disposed on the back side B of the cylinder 41. The 2 nd flange 43 extends radially inward in the Y direction from the cylinder 41. The length of the mounting member 40 in the direction of the axis O is shorter than the length of the intermediate frame 20 in the direction of the axis O, for example. In the axis O direction, the intermediate frame 20 projects further toward the sound-discharging surface side F than the mounting member 40. The end surface 40a is a surface of the 2 nd flange 43 on the back side B. As described above, the spring member 30 is joined to the end surface 40 a.

The 1 st flange 42 is fixed to the mounting target member 50. The 1 st flange 42 is fixed to the member 50 to be mounted by bolts. The 1 st flange 42 may be joined to the attachment target member 50 by other methods.

The speaker device 1 includes a sealing member 16 for sealing a gap between the mounting member 40 and the speaker unit 2. The inner peripheral side of the seal member 16 is engaged with the flange 15. The outer peripheral side of the seal member 16 is engaged with the 1 st flange 42. The sealing member 16 is a member having elasticity, and is, for example, a rubber film. The material of the sealing member 16 is not limited to rubber, and may be resin or the like. The sealing member 16 is not limited to a film shape, and may be, for example, a block shape.

Next, the characteristics of the spring member 30 will be explained. The spring constant (elastic characteristic) k1 in the axis O direction of the spring member 30 is smaller than the spring constant k2 in the radial direction Y of the spring member 30. The spring member 30 is more easily deformed in the axis O direction than in the radial direction Y.

The resonance frequency fc based on the spring constant k1 of the spring member 30 and the mass m of the speaker unit 2 is lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit 2. Note that, when the mass of the spring member 30 is a large value to the extent that it cannot be ignored, "mass m" may be replaced with the total "mass m 1" of the speaker unit 2 and the spring member 30.

The resonance frequency fc satisfies the following formula (1).

[ formula 1 ]

The resonance frequency fc is smaller than the lowest resonance frequency f of the speaker unit 2₀. Lowest resonance frequency f₀Corresponding to the lower limit of the frequency of the sound field output from the speaker unit 2. Lowest resonance frequency f of the loudspeaker unit 2₀For example, 30Hz to 60 Hz.

Lowest resonance frequency f of the loudspeaker unit 2₀Is the lowest frequency among the frequencies at which the absolute value of the electrical impedance becomes maximum in the speaker unit 2.

According to the speaker device 1 as described above, since the spring member 30 is provided, the vibration caused by the speaker unit 2 is damped by the spring member 30. This makes it difficult for the vibration of the speaker unit 2 to be transmitted to the mounting member 40 and the mounting object member 50.

In the speaker device 1, the spring constant k1 of the spring member 30 and the resonance frequency fc of the mass m of the speaker unit 2 are lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit 2. This suppresses the transmission of the vibration of the speaker unit 2 to the mounting member 40 and the mounting object member 50 via the spring member 30.

In the speaker device 1, the spring member 30 is a plate spring, and the plate thickness direction of the plate spring is along the axis O direction of the speaker unit 2. The plate thickness direction of the plate spring is along the vibration direction of the vibration plate 3, and therefore vibration caused by the speaker unit 2 is not easily transmitted in the radial direction Y. Therefore, the vibration of the speaker unit 2 is not easily transmitted to the mounting member 40 and the mounting object member 50.

In the speaker device 1, the axis O direction extends in the horizontal direction, and the spring constant k1 in the axis O direction of the spring member 30 is lower than the spring constant k2 in the radial direction Y of the spring member 30. Therefore, the speaker device 1 is flexible in the horizontal direction and rigid in the vertical direction. The speaker device 1 has a vertical structure suitable for arranging the axis O direction in the horizontal direction. The fact that the speaker unit 2 is flexible in the horizontal direction means that the speaker unit is easily displaced in the horizontal direction. Stiff in the vertical direction means that the speaker unit 2 is not easily displaced in the vertical direction. The speaker unit 2 is more easily displaced in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction.

In the speaker device 1, the spring member 30 is connected to the intermediate frame 20, and is disposed on the back surface side B in the direction of the axis O than the flange 15, which is the end of the sound emission surface side F of the speaker unit 2. In other words, the spring member 30 is disposed at a position close to the magnetic circuit 6 in the axis O direction.

According to the speaker device 1 as described above, the spring member 30 can be disposed at a position close to the center of gravity of the speaker unit 2 in the axis O direction, and therefore the speaker unit 2 can be stably supported. In the speaker device 1, the inclination of the speaker unit 2 can be suppressed by preventing the spring member 30 from being distorted.

In the speaker device 1, the connection surface 20a, which is the connection position between the spring member 30 and the speaker unit 2, is arranged closer to the axis O than the outer peripheral portion 15a of the flange 15, which is the position of the maximum outer shape of the speaker unit 2, in the radial direction Y of the speaker unit 2. This enables the speaker device 1 to be downsized in the radial direction Y. The installation space of the speaker device 1 can be reduced.

Next, a vehicle door (vehicle door) 100 having the speaker device 1 will be described. Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a vehicle door 100 having a speaker system according to the embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the vehicle door 100 includes: a 1 st panel 102 called an outer panel which is connected to the outside; a 2 nd panel 103, which is provided as an interior trim on the vehicle compartment side in the vehicle door 100 and is referred to as a door trim; a 3 rd panel 104, called an inner panel, disposed between the 1 st panel 102 and the 2 nd panel 103; and a speaker device 1 mounted on the 3 rd panel 104. The 1 st panel 102 and the 3 rd panel 104 are generally made of steel plates, and their front, rear, and lower peripheral portions are bonded to each other. The 1 st panel 102 and the 3 rd panel 104 can also use an aluminum alloy or a carbon material. The 2 nd panel 103 is generally formed of a synthetic resin. However, in the present invention, the constituent materials of these

panels

102, 103, and 104 are not limited to the above materials. A frame 107 for vertically movably housing the window glass 106 is provided above the 1 st panel 102 and the 3 rd panel 104.

The 3 rd panel 104 is provided with an opening 104a for housing the speaker device 1, and a plurality of openings 104b for housing a motor, a door lock actuator, and the like, not shown, for moving the window glass 106 up and down. In the present embodiment, at least a part of the opening 104b is not closed by a motor, a door lock actuator, or the like, which is not shown, and a dedicated member for closing the opening 104b is not provided.

The 2 nd panel 103 is attached to the 3 rd panel 104 by detachably fixing the outer edge portion of the 2 nd panel 103 to the 3 rd panel 104 by the

coupling members

109X and 109Y. A groove-like gasket attachment portion is provided along an outer edge portion of the 2 nd panel 103, and a gasket 110 is fitted into the gasket attachment portion, and the gasket 110 maintains airtightness in a space between the 2 nd panel 103 and the 3 rd panel 104. The space and the space formed between the 1 st panel 102 and the 3 rd panel 104 communicate with each other through at least a part of the opening provided in the 3 rd panel 104.

The speaker unit 2 is attached to the 3 rd panel 104 via the attachment member 40. The mounting member 40 is fixed using screws. The 3 rd panel 104 is an example of a panel member, and corresponds to the above-described component 50 to be mounted.

The above-described embodiments are merely representative embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and additions can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the axis O is arranged in the horizontal direction was described, but the speaker apparatus 1 may be arranged such that the axis O is in the vertical direction, or the speaker apparatus 1 may be arranged such that the axis O direction is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

In the above-described embodiment, the speaker device 1 is shown as being disposed in the door of the vehicle, but the speaker device 1 may be disposed in another part of the vehicle. The speaker device 1 may be applied to an article other than a vehicle.

The speaker device 1 may not have the intermediate frame 20 and the mounting member 40. The spring member 30 may also be directly connected to the flange 15. The spring member 30 may be directly connected to the mounting object member 50. Similarly, the seal member 16 may be directly connected to the member 50 to be attached.

In the above-described embodiment, the sealing member 16 for sealing the gap between the mounting member 40 and the flange 15 has been described, but the sealing member 16 may have another structure. The speaker device 1 may not have the sealing member 16. The speaker device 1 may have a sealing member for sealing a gap between other members. The speaker device 1 may have a sealing member for sealing a gap between the spring members 30. The sealing member may be formed of a flexible rubber film to seal the gap of the spring member 30. The seal member may be disposed in the gap of the spring member 30, or may be disposed to cover the gap. In addition, the speaker device 1 may have a spring member functioning as a sealing member. The speaker device 1 may be configured to have a spring member made of rubber without forming a gap. The sealing member may seal a gap between other members. The sealing member may also seal a gap between the mounting member 40 and the intermediate frame 20.

Description of the reference symbols

1 … speaker device, 2 … speaker unit, 3 … vibration plate, outer periphery of 3B … vibration plate, 4 … speaker frame, 6 … magnetic circuit, 15 … flange (end of speaker unit on sound reproduction surface side), 15a … outer periphery portion (position of maximum outer shape of speaker unit), 16 … sealing member, 20 … intermediate frame, 20a … connection surface (connection position between leaf spring and speaker unit), 30 … spring-like member (leaf spring), 31 … 1 st ring portion (inner periphery portion), 32 … 2 nd ring portion (outer periphery portion), 40 … mounting member, 50 … mounting object member, 100 … vehicle door (vehicle door), 104 … rd 3 panel (mounting object member, panel member), 104a … opening portion, B … back surface side, F … sound reproduction surface side, central axis of O … speaker unit, Y … radial direction.

Claims

1. A speaker device has:

a speaker unit; and

an elastic member which is positioned between the speaker unit and the member to be mounted and supports the speaker unit,

the elastic characteristic (k1) of the elastic member of the spring member in the center axis direction of the speaker unit, and the resonance frequency (fc) of the mass (m) of the speaker unit or the total mass (m1) of the speaker unit and the elastic member are lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit.

2. The speaker device of claim 1,

the elastic member is a spring member, and the elastic characteristic (k1) is a spring constant.

3. The speaker device of claim 2,

the resonance frequency (fc) is less than the lowest resonance frequency (f) of the loudspeaker unit₀)。

4. The speaker device according to claim 2 or 3,

the spring member is a plate spring and,

the thickness direction of the plate spring is along the central axis direction of the speaker unit.

5. The speaker device of claim 4,

the central axis direction of the speaker unit extends in the horizontal direction,

the spring constant (k1) of the spring member in the center axis direction of the speaker unit is lower than the spring constant (k2) of the spring member in the direction perpendicular to the center axis direction.

6. The speaker device according to claim 4 or 5,

the speaker unit includes:

a vibrating plate;

a speaker frame disposed on an outer peripheral side of the diaphragm;

a magnetic circuit disposed on the side of the diaphragm back surface in the central axis direction of the speaker unit; and

and an intermediate frame connected to the speaker frame, extending from the sound emission surface of the speaker unit to the rear surface side, and connected to the plate spring.

7. The speaker device of claim 6,

the plate spring is annular and includes:

an outer peripheral portion connected to the mounting member; and

and an inner peripheral portion arranged closer to an inner peripheral side than the outer peripheral portion and connected to the intermediate frame.

8. The speaker device according to claim 6 or 7,

the plate spring is connected to the intermediate frame, and is disposed on the back surface side of the speaker unit in the center axis direction of the speaker unit than the end portion on the sound emitting surface side of the speaker unit.

9. The speaker arrangement of any one of claims 4 to 8,

the connection position between the plate spring and the speaker unit in the radial direction of the speaker unit is a position closer to the center axis of the speaker unit than the position of the maximum outer shape of the speaker unit.

10. The speaker arrangement of any one of claims 2 to 9,

also provided are:

a mounting member mounted to the mounting target member; and

a sealing member that seals a gap between the mounting member and the speaker unit,

the spring member is connected to the mounting object member via the mounting member.

11. A vehicle door includes:

the speaker arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 10; and

a panel member having an opening formed therein,

the speaker device is held in the opening.