CN114760421A - Image brightness exposure compensation device and compensation method thereof - Google Patents
Image brightness exposure compensation device and compensation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
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- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image brightness exposure compensation device and a compensation method thereof, wherein the image brightness exposure compensation device comprises a camera for shooting scene real-time monitoring, a liquid crystal screen for exposure compensation and a driving plate for controlling the liquid crystal screen; the camera comprises a lens and a CCD chip, the liquid crystal screen is arranged between the lens and the CCD chip in parallel at intervals to form a hamburger structure, and the liquid crystal screen is in communication connection with the driving board; the system is characterized by further comprising an upper computer used for compensation calculation, wherein the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the drive board through a USB interface, the liquid crystal screen is set to be full-transparent, the camera monitors a scene needing to be photographed in real time, and illumination information in the scene is collected. Secondly, the liquid crystal screen obtains exposure compensation after background processing, and the camera at the moment is arranged at the rear side of the liquid crystal compensation plate, so that a clear scene with high contrast influence eliminated is obtained. Through the processing scheme disclosed by the invention, the light entering amount at the strong light position is reduced, the obtained image has proper brightness, and exposure compensation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of image processing, and particularly relates to an image brightness exposure compensation device and a compensation method thereof.
Background
In many practical scenes, it is difficult to consider the details of the highlight and the dark in the common exposure control for a dynamic high-contrast scene with a strong brightness contrast and a constantly changing light source. The exposure active compensation system can be applied to the aspects of military reconnaissance, optical control, urban monitoring, civil cameras and the like so as to eliminate the interference caused by strong light. For example, the missile guidance system is easy to cause wrong judgment of the hitting position because the target cannot be normally distinguished due to high light such as fire light and the like; the traffic or security monitoring system can not obtain clear portrait characteristics in a backlight scene, so that the tracking of a suspect is hindered, at present, the exposure compensation of a high-contrast scene can be regarded as light gating operation, and the two methods are generally adopted: firstly, exposure time control is carried out on independent photosensitive elements, and secondly, illumination information of a scene is added in image acquisition. The former is mainly based on the high requirements of element-level realization technology, processing technology, cost and the like, and high-dynamic sensitive elements with high manufacturing cost must be adopted; the latter is based on device-level technology, and the hardware configuration requirements for the camera are very high. Therefore, the two techniques are rarely applied in practice, and in most cases, a passive compromise method is still adopted, namely, a comprehensive photometric assessment is carried out on the whole scene to select the exposure time of one frame of image. .
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an image brightness exposure compensation device and a compensation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the common exposure control is difficult to give consideration to details of a highlight part and a dark part in a dynamic high-contrast scene with strong brightness contrast and continuously-changed light source.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an image brightness exposure compensation device comprises a camera for real-time monitoring of a shooting scene, a liquid crystal screen for exposure compensation and a drive board for controlling the liquid crystal screen;
the camera comprises a lens and a CCD chip, the liquid crystal screen is arranged between the lens and the CCD chip in parallel at intervals to form a hamburger structure, and the liquid crystal screen is in communication connection with the driving board;
the device further comprises an upper computer used for compensation calculation, wherein the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the drive board.
Further, the upper computer comprises any one of a computer, a tablet personal computer and a smart phone, and is in communication connection with the camera and the drive board through a USB interface.
The compensation method of the image brightness exposure compensation device comprises the following steps:
step 1: the CCD chip collects color information of an object through a lens and a liquid crystal screen and forms an image;
and 2, step: the CCD chip sends the image to an upper computer through a USB interface, the upper computer processes the image to obtain a pixel value corresponding to each pixel, and when the pixel value corresponding to any pixel is larger than a threshold value, the position of the pixel is obtained and marked as an adjusting pixel point;
and step 3: changing the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen corresponding to the adjusting pixel point;
and 4, step 4: and (4) repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the pixel value corresponding to each pixel is smaller than the threshold value, and obtaining an image after exposure compensation.
Further, the processing of the image by the upper computer to obtain a pixel value corresponding to each pixel includes:
and graying the image, enhancing the image, and collecting the pixel value of each pixel after the image is enhanced.
Further, when the pixel value corresponding to any pixel is greater than the threshold, the position of the pixel is obtained and marked as an adjustment pixel point,
and acquiring the pixel value of each pixel, comparing the pixel value with a threshold value, and performing binarization processing on the comparison result, wherein the position of the pixel larger than the threshold value is acquired, and the pixel value of the position is converted into binary 0, otherwise, the pixel value is converted into 1.
Further, the changing of the transmittance of the adjustment pixel point corresponding to the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen specifically comprises:
and mapping the image after the binarization processing on a liquid crystal screen, acquiring liquid crystal with an image pixel value of 0, and adjusting the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal with the image pixel value of 0.
Further, the image graying includes:
acquiring an image, constructing a color vector matrix of the image, calculating the color vector matrix of each pixel according to a gray formula to obtain a grayed color vector matrix, and mapping the grayed color vector matrix on the image to obtain a grayed image;
wherein, the gray formula includes:
r after graying is 0.3+ R before processing, 0.59+ B before processing, 0.11;
g after graying is R × 0.3+ G × 0.59+ B × 0.11;
b after graying is R × 0.3 before processing, G × 0.59 before processing, and B × 0.11 before processing.
Further, changing the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen corresponding to the adjusting pixel point comprises:
carrying out unique coding on liquid crystals in the liquid crystal screen, wherein each unique code only corresponds to one unique liquid crystal;
mapping the image on a liquid crystal display to obtain a unique code corresponding to the adjusting pixel point;
and adjusting the light transmission amount of the unique code corresponding to the unique liquid crystal.
Further, the adjusting the light transmission amount of the unique code corresponding to the unique liquid crystal comprises:
an external electric field is generated outside the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal is turned over by matching with the external electric field, and the light transmission quantity of the liquid crystal is changed;
wherein the applied electric field is generated by a drive plate.
Further, the light transmission amount is in positive correlation or inverse correlation with the value of the current signal or the value of the voltage signal of the applied electric field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the image of the object irradiated by strong light is collected through the camera, and after RGB three-color information, brightness values and gray values are analyzed and extracted through a background program, an area or an individual point with a higher brightness value in the image is found out and fed back to the liquid crystal screen in the imaging optical channel. And then, the gray value of a single liquid crystal molecule is changed by controlling the liquid crystal screen through the program drive of software, so that different areas are transmitted with different light, the light incoming amount at the strong light position is reduced, and the exposure compensation function is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a photograph taken without exposure compensation according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of an exposure compensation performed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
Traditionally, two technical means are generally adopted in practical application: firstly, the HDR technology is adopted, only static pictures are used, and the images need to be processed through an algorithm after being collected, for example, in the existing missile system, when a camera in a missile head is used for positioning a target, the images are collected, if the images are not compensated in front of the camera, the images are saturated, and the actual images cannot be compensated and restored through a later algorithm; and the other is a lens which can nondifferentially weaken light rays, such as a lens of a goggle and the like. I.e. the strong light interference is weakened by reducing the full-field brightness illumination, however, the condition is easy to convert the weak light area into the field blind area.
Based on the above description, an embodiment of the present invention provides an image brightness exposure compensation apparatus as shown in fig. 1 to 5, including a camera for real-time monitoring of a shooting scene, a liquid crystal display for exposure compensation, and a driving board for controlling the liquid crystal display;
the camera comprises a lens and a CCD chip, the liquid crystal screen is arranged between the lens and the CCD chip in parallel at intervals to form a hamburger structure, and the liquid crystal screen is in communication connection with the driving board; the system is characterized by further comprising an upper computer used for compensation calculation, wherein the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the drive plate, the upper computer comprises any one of a computer, a tablet personal computer and a smart phone, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the drive plate through a USB interface.
Specifically, the hardware aspect of the application comprises a camera, a liquid crystal imaging device and a background processing program lens; more specifically, after the image of the object irradiated by the strong light is collected and RGB three-color information, brightness values and gray values are analyzed and extracted through a background program, an area or an individual point with a higher brightness value in the image is found and fed back to the liquid crystal screen in the imaging optical channel. And then, the gray value of a single liquid crystal molecule is changed by controlling the liquid crystal screen through the program drive of Labview software, so that different areas are transmitted with different light. Therefore, the camera is positioned at the rear side of the liquid crystal screen to obtain an image subjected to light transmission treatment of the liquid crystal screen, the light inlet quantity of a strong light position is reduced, and the function of exposure compensation is realized
Based on the above, the present application further provides a compensation method for an image brightness exposure compensation apparatus, which includes the following steps:
step 1: the camera lens collects color information of an object and transmits the color information to the CCD chip through the liquid crystal screen to form an image;
step 2: the CCD chip sends the image to an upper computer through a USB interface, the upper computer processes the image to obtain a pixel value corresponding to each pixel, and when the pixel value corresponding to any pixel is larger than a threshold value, the position of the pixel is obtained and marked as an adjusting pixel point;
and step 3: changing the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen corresponding to the adjusting pixel point;
and 4, step 4: and (4) repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the pixel value corresponding to each pixel is smaller than the threshold value, and obtaining an image after exposure compensation.
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings;
referring to fig. 1, as shown in fig. 1, the overall hardware of the present application is divided into: camera, LCD screen and drive plate. The liquid crystal screen is placed between a lens and a CCD chip of the camera, a liquid crystal screen drive board is connected with a computer through a USB interface, the placement position of the camera drive board has no fixed requirement, the amount of light entering from the source of light entering a visual field (the camera) can be controlled by controlling the gray value of the liquid crystal screen by placing the liquid crystal screen between the lens and the CCD chip of the camera, differential and regional highlight compensation is realized, lenses with light weakened by differences, such as goggles and the like, are solved, namely highlight interference is weakened in a mode of reducing the brightness and illumination of the full visual field, however, the problem that a low-light area is easily converted into a visual field blind area is solved under the condition;
referring to fig. 2-3, as shown in fig. 2-3, image preprocessing is performed on the acquired initial image to find out a pixel position with excessive brightness, if the pixel value is greater than a threshold value, the pixel value at the position is converted into binary 0, and the pixel value less than the threshold value is converted into 1, the processed image is fed back to the liquid crystal, the light transmittance of each pixel position is changed, iteration is repeated until each pixel value in the acquired image is less than the processing threshold value, and the operation is terminated to obtain an image after exposure compensation.
The details are described below by way of examples;
examples
When the first picture is collected, the liquid crystal does not work (completely transmits light), and the color information of the object which receives strong light passes through the lens, penetrates through the liquid crystal and reaches the CCD chip of the camera to form an image.
The camera and the PC terminal are in serial port communication through a USB interface, collected image information is subjected to graying, image enhancement, pixel value threshold value comparison and binaryzation through a background program, an area or an individual point with a high brightness value in an image is found out and fed back to a liquid crystal screen in an imaging optical channel.
The graying comprises the steps of constructing a color vector matrix of the picture, and calculating the color vector matrix of each pixel as follows to obtain a grayed color vector matrix;
r after graying is 0.3+ R before processing, 0.59+ B before processing, 0.11;
g after graying is R × 0.3 before processing + G × 0.59 before processing + B × 0.11 before processing;
b after graying is R × 0.3+ G × 0.59+ B before processing 0.11;
wherein the performing of the image enhancement comprises,
calculating the number of pixel points of each gray value in the grayed image, wherein the minimum gray value is 0, and the maximum gray value is 255; calculating the average mean value mean0 of the total gray levels of all the pixel points; classifying all pixel points in the image according to the gray value, wherein the pixel points with the gray value smaller than the average mean of the total gray values 0 are classified into a first pixel point set, and the pixel points with the gray value larger than or equal to the average mean of the total gray values 0 are classified into a second pixel point set; calculating a first gray average mean1 of all the pixel points in the first pixel point set; calculating a second gray average mean2 of all the pixels in the second pixel set; classifying all the pixels in the first pixel set according to the gray value, classifying the pixels with the gray value smaller than the first gray average mean1 as a third pixel set, and classifying the pixels with the gray value greater than or equal to the first gray average mean1 as a fourth pixel set; classifying all the pixels in the second pixel set according to the gray value, wherein the pixels with the gray value smaller than the second gray average mean2 are classified into a fifth pixel set, and the pixels with the gray value greater than or equal to the second gray average mean2 are classified into a sixth pixel set; calculating a third gray average mean3 of all the pixel points in the third pixel point set; calculating a fourth gray average mean4 of all the pixel points in the fourth pixel point set; calculating a third gray average mean5 of all the pixel points in the fifth pixel point set; calculating a fourth gray average mean6 of all the pixel points in the sixth pixel point set; stretching the gray values of all the pixels in the third pixel point set, namely mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are smaller than the third average gray value mean3 to be between 0 and 31 one by one, and mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are greater than or equal to the third average gray value mean3 to be between 32 and 63 one by one; stretching the gray values of all the pixels in the fourth pixel point set, namely mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are smaller than the fourth gray average mean4 to be between 64 and 95 one by one, and mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are greater than or equal to the fourth gray average mean4 to be between 96 and 127 one by one; stretching the gray values of all the pixels in the fifth pixel point set, namely mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are smaller than the fifth gray average mean5 to between 128 and 159 one by one, and mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are greater than or equal to the fifth gray average mean5 to between 160 and 191 one by one; stretching the gray values of all the pixels in the sixth pixel point set, namely mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are smaller than the sixth gray average mean6 to between 192 and 223 one by one, and mapping the gray values of all the pixels of which the gray values are greater than or equal to the sixth gray average mean6 to between 224 and 255 one by one; and generating an enhanced image according to the gray value of each pixel point obtained in the step.
Wherein the pixel value threshold comparison comprises:
acquiring an image after image enhancement, and extracting a pixel value of each pixel in the image, wherein the minimum pixel value is 0, and the maximum gray value is 255;
and comparing the pixel value with a preset pixel value, and performing binarization processing on a comparison result, wherein the position of a pixel larger than a threshold value is obtained, the pixel value of the position is converted into a binarized 0, and otherwise, the pixel value is converted into a 1.
And after the pictures are grayed, unique codes are carried out on liquid crystals in the liquid crystal display, wherein each unique code only corresponds to one unique liquid crystal, the image is mapped on the liquid crystal display, and the unique code corresponding to the adjusting pixel point is obtained.
(2) Thereafter, the driving board controls the liquid crystal screen to change the gray value of each liquid crystal molecule through Labview software or C + +, Python and the like: the method comprises the steps of correspondingly displaying dark spots with lower pixel values in liquid crystals at the position of a pixel point with too high brightness so as to change the light transmission amount of a single point, specifically, mapping an image after binarization processing on a liquid crystal screen, obtaining the liquid crystals with the pixel values of the images being 0, adjusting the light transmission amount of the liquid crystals with the pixel values of the images being 0, changing the voltage or the current of an external electric field loaded outside the liquid crystals by a driving board through Labview software or C + +, Python, further enabling the liquid crystals to be matched and turned over through the external electric field, changing the light transmission amount of the liquid crystals, and realizing gray value adjustment.
(3) For a camera placed behind the liquid crystal screen, the light incoming amount of the image processed by the liquid crystal screen is reduced at the strong light position and the light incoming amount of other areas is not changed, so that the effect of exposure compensation is realized.
With continuing reference to fig. 4-5, as shown in fig. 4-5, by the present application, it can be clearly seen that the light of the highlight region on the box can be compensated, and the original font of the highlight can be seen after compensation.
In summary, compared with the conventional strong light compensation method such as an image processing algorithm for collecting images on software or a lens for weakening the light intake amount in a non-differential full-view field on hardware, the method combines software and hardware, controls the light intake amount by controlling the gray value of the liquid crystal screen, can reduce the light intake amount from the source point of the light entering the view field (camera), and realizes differential and regional strong light compensation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art; the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An image brightness exposure compensation device is characterized by comprising a camera for monitoring a shooting scene in real time, a liquid crystal screen for exposure compensation and a driving board for controlling the liquid crystal screen;
the camera comprises a lens and a CCD chip, the liquid crystal screen is arranged between the lens and the CCD chip in parallel at intervals to form a hamburger structure, and the liquid crystal screen is in communication connection with the driving board;
the device further comprises an upper computer used for compensation calculation, wherein the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the drive board.
2. The compensation method of the image brightness exposure compensation device according to claim 1, wherein the upper computer comprises any one of a computer, a tablet computer and a smart phone, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the camera and the driving board through a USB interface.
3. A compensation method of an image brightness exposure compensation device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1: the CCD chip collects color information of an object through a lens and a liquid crystal screen and forms an image;
and 2, step: the CCD chip sends the image to an upper computer through a USB interface, the upper computer processes the image to obtain a pixel value corresponding to each pixel, and when the pixel value corresponding to any pixel is larger than a threshold value, the position of the pixel is obtained and marked as an adjusting pixel point;
and step 3: changing the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen corresponding to the adjusting pixel point;
and 4, step 4: and (4) repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the pixel value corresponding to each pixel is smaller than the threshold value, and obtaining an image after exposure compensation.
4. The compensation method of the image brightness exposure compensation device according to claim 3, wherein the processing of the image by the upper computer to obtain the pixel value corresponding to each pixel comprises:
and graying the image, enhancing the image, and collecting the pixel value of each pixel after the image is enhanced.
5. The compensation method of an image brightness exposure compensation device according to claim 4, wherein when the pixel value corresponding to any pixel is greater than the threshold, the position of the pixel is obtained and marked as an adjustment pixel,
and acquiring the pixel value of each pixel, comparing the pixel value with a threshold value, and performing binarization processing on the comparison result, wherein the position of the pixel larger than the threshold value is acquired, and the pixel value of the position is converted into binary 0, otherwise, the pixel value is converted into 1.
6. The compensation method of the image brightness exposure compensation device according to claim 4, wherein the changing of the transmittance of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal screen corresponding to the adjustment pixel point specifically comprises:
and mapping the image after the binarization processing on a liquid crystal screen, acquiring liquid crystal with an image pixel value of 0, and adjusting the light transmission amount of the liquid crystal with the image pixel value of 0.
7. The compensation method of an image brightness exposure compensation device according to claim 4, wherein the image graying comprises:
acquiring an image, constructing a color vector matrix of the image, calculating the color vector matrix of each pixel according to a gray formula to obtain a grayed color vector matrix, and mapping the grayed color vector matrix on the image to obtain a grayed image;
wherein, the gray formula includes:
r after graying is 0.3+ R before processing, 0.59+ B before processing, 0.11;
g after graying is R × 0.3+ G × 0.59+ B × 0.11;
b after graying is R × 0.3 before processing, G × 0.59 before processing, and B × 0.11 before processing.
8. The compensation method of claim 3, wherein said changing the transmission amount of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal panel corresponding to the adjustment pixel point comprises:
carrying out unique coding on liquid crystals in the liquid crystal screen, wherein each unique code only corresponds to one unique liquid crystal;
mapping the image on a liquid crystal display to obtain a unique code corresponding to the adjusting pixel point;
and adjusting the light transmission amount of the unique code corresponding to the unique liquid crystal.
9. The compensation method of claim 8, wherein said adjusting the transmission amount of the unique code corresponding to the unique one of the liquid crystals comprises:
generating an external electric field outside the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal is turned over by matching with the external electric field, and further the light transmittance of the liquid crystal is changed;
wherein the applied electric field is generated by a drive plate.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the amount of transmitted light is in a positive or negative correlation with a value of a current signal or a voltage signal of the applied electric field.
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| US20110128302A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Byoungchul Cho | Liquid crystal display and local dimming control control method thereof |
| CN107786785A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Photo-irradiation treatment method and device |
| CN111294523A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Shooting method, shooting device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110128302A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Byoungchul Cho | Liquid crystal display and local dimming control control method thereof |
| CN107786785A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Photo-irradiation treatment method and device |
| CN111294523A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Shooting method, shooting device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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