CN114760405B - Long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device - Google Patents
Long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114760405B CN114760405B CN202210436623.8A CN202210436623A CN114760405B CN 114760405 B CN114760405 B CN 114760405B CN 202210436623 A CN202210436623 A CN 202210436623A CN 114760405 B CN114760405 B CN 114760405B
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
- H04N5/262—Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
- H04N5/268—Signal distribution or switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
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Abstract
The invention provides a long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device, and relates to the field of optical remote sensing satellite in-orbit field calibration point light source reference targets. The long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device comprises a camera, wherein the camera comprises a lens and a COMS image sensor, a dimming filter is arranged on the lens, the COMS image sensor is electrically connected with a long-distance model processing unit, and the long-distance signal processing unit is electrically connected with a microprocessor, so that the problem that high-precision automatic calibration cannot be realized due to large-scale point source reference target equipment array calibration is solved, the problems of long manual calibration time and low calibration efficiency of a point source reference target can be solved, and the device has important significance for meeting the requirements of high-resolution satellite standardization and high-frequency on-orbit calibration of rapid development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical remote sensing satellite on-orbit field calibration point light source reference targets, in particular to a long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device.
Background
With the development of economy and science and technology, the remote sensing technology of China is changed day by day, satellite remote sensing is applied to various aspects of national economy, social life and national security in a potential and acquainted manner, but the application efficiency of the satellite remote sensing technology is greatly dependent on the quantitative level of remote sensing data, and the quantitative of the satellite remote sensing technology is based on the on-orbit performance detection and radiation calibration of a modulation transfer function of a satellite remote sensor. The method mainly takes place substitution calibration as a main part, and takes a point source rule as a mode of in-orbit place substitution calibration; the point light source reference target device is used as an important device for realizing the point source method on-orbit field calibration, however, the first step of the calibration device which is applied to the radiation calibration and the modulation transfer function before the on-orbit performance detection is to calibrate the device, the purpose of the device calibration is to improve the pointing precision and realize the accurate incidence of the reflected light to the satellite entrance pupil. However, the networking and automatic calibration functions of the calibration equipment are further researched and perfected, the traditional equipment calibration mode adopts a mode of manually using a sun observer to realize the calibration of the equipment, the time and effort are wasted, the efficiency is low, the automatic calibration of the calibration equipment is difficult to realize due to the influence of uncertainty of manual calibration, the wide application and popularization of the large-scale calibration equipment are not facilitated, and the sun sensor device is selectively developed to replace human eyes to realize the observation of the sun so as to achieve the aim of calibrating the equipment, so that the sun sensor device becomes one of the equipment which is necessary to realize the automatic calibration function of the light source reference target equipment. Based on the research of the invention, the long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device can solve the problem that high-precision automatic calibration cannot be realized by large-scale point source reference target equipment array calibration, so that the problems of long manual calibration time and low calibration efficiency of point source reference targets can be solved, and the device has important significance for meeting the requirements of high-resolution satellite standardization and high-frequency on-orbit calibration of rapid development.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a long-distance wide-view-field solar sensor device, which solves the problem that high-precision automatic calibration cannot be realized by large-scale point source reference target equipment array calibration.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a long distance wide visual field sun sensor device, includes the camera, the camera includes camera lens and COMS image sensor, be equipped with the dimming filter on the camera lens, COMS image sensor electric connection has long distance model processing unit, long distance signal processing unit electric connection has microprocessor.
Preferably, the dimming filter comprises a solar filter and an adaptive gain adjustment and exposure time automatic adjustment function module.
Preferably, the horizontal field of view of the lens is 23 ° and the vertical field of view of the lens is 17 °.
Preferably, the cmos image sensor unit is a model MT9M001C12STM.
Preferably, the long-distance signal processing unit converts a single-ended signal into a differential signal transmission control circuit, and an AM26LV32 circuit is added at the end of the differential signal transmission control circuit.
Preferably, the long-distance signal processing unit converts the differential signal into a single-ended signal and transmits the single-ended signal to the microcontroller.
Preferably, the microprocessor employs a high performance STM32F429 chip.
Preferably, the microprocessor includes a digital image processor and a memory.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device, which solves the problem that high-precision automatic calibration cannot be realized by large-scale point source reference target equipment array calibration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a path tracking control model according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a long-distance wide-view-field sun sensor device, which includes a camera 4, wherein the camera 4 includes a lens 2 and a COMS image sensor 3, a dimming filter 1 is disposed on the lens 2, the COMS image sensor 3 is electrically connected with a long-distance model processing unit 5, and the long-distance signal processing unit 5 is electrically connected with a microprocessor 6. The dimming filter 1 comprises a solar filter and an adaptive gain adjustment and exposure time automatic adjustment function module. The horizontal field of view of the lens 2 is 23 ° and the vertical field of view of the lens 2 is 17 °. The COMS image sensor unit 3 adopts a model number MT9M001C12STM. The long-distance signal processing unit 5 adopts an enhanced hardware circuit design, an AM26LV31 circuit is added to convert a single-ended signal into a differential signal for transmission, an AM26LV32 circuit is added at the control circuit end to convert the differential signal into the single-ended signal for transmission to the microcontroller 6, and a twisted pair shielding wire is adopted as a transmission medium. The microprocessor 6 employs a high performance STM32F429 chip. The microprocessor 6 comprises a digital image processor 7 and a memory 8. The sunlight is incident to the dimming filter 1, the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the lens 2, the electric signal is transmitted to the digital signal processing chip through the long-distance signal processing unit 5, and then the microcontroller 6 reads the image data of the buffer area to further process and calculate the center of mass coordinate of the sun, so that the pixel position of the sun under the camera coordinate system is obtained.
The problem of quick and high-precision positioning of the sun sensor device is that the point source reference target device takes the sun as a reference light source, so that the sun needs to be quickly positioned to finish the calibration task, and then the lens 2 with a wide view field is usually adopted to quickly position the sun, so that the sun quickly appears in the view field of the sun sensor, however, the problem brought by the wide view field is that the resolution of pixels is reduced, and the high-precision positioning is difficult to realize. In the invention, the number of pixels of the COMS image sensor 3 is determined by tan theta = W/H under a certain angle of view to meet the system precision requirement, wherein theta represents the designed precision requirement, W represents the pixel size, and H represents the vertical distance from the lens center of the lens 2 to the COMS image sensor 3. Finally through tan (H x /2)＝N x /2×tan0.02°,tan(V x /2)＝N y Calculating the number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions by 2×tan0.02 DEG, H x Representing the horizontal angle of view, V x Representing the vertical field angle. Thus, under the condition of known wide field angle, the lens can be turned onCalculating to obtain the horizontal direction N x And a vertical direction N y The number of pixels, thereby solving the problem of high precision of the wide field of view of the point source reference target device. In the pixel number calculation mode, the wide-field lens view angle of the long-distance wide-field solar sensor device camera is selected as a chip of 130 ten thousand pixels MT9M001C12STM and with the resolution of 1280 x 1024pixel under the condition that the horizontal view angle is 23 degrees and the vertical view angle is 17 degrees.
The sun sensor device adopts a specific solution to the saturation problem of the acquired image, namely, a light-reducing filter 1 which only reduces the light intensity and does not change the spectral energy distribution is selected to reduce the solar light intensity and the self-adaptive gain adjustment and explosion time automatic adjustment are coordinated, and the specific solution is that T is adopted totaltime ＝R 0x09 R rowtime -O overheadtime -R restdelay The gain and the bursting time are automatically set in a mode, so that the problem that the sun sensor device collects sun images without distortion is effectively solved, wherein R is as follows 0x09 Is the hexadecimal value of the register (7), R rowtime For line time, O overheadtime For overhead time, R restdelay To reset the delay.
The specific implementation mode is to adopt an enhanced hardware circuit design scheme and a low-voltage differential signal transmission method as a long-distance signal processing unit. As shown in fig. 2, in the sun sensor device, the COMS image data sensor 3 outputs image data to transmit to the low-voltage high-speed four-differential line driver (AM 26LV 31), the low-voltage high-speed four-differential line driver (AM 26LV 31) processes the image data, the single-ended signal is converted into a differential signal, the differential signal is transmitted to the differential line receiver (AM 26LV 32) through the transmission medium twisted pair shielding line, and the differential signal is converted into the single-ended signal through the differential line receiver (AM 26LV 32) processes the image data, and the single-ended signal is input to the micro controller 6 unit, thereby reliably transmitting the image data. The specific implementation mode of reliable and stable transmission of the control signal is that the microcontroller 6 sends the control signal to be processed by a second low-voltage high-speed four-differential line driver (AM 26LV 31), converts the single-ended signal into a differential signal to be transmitted to the input end of a differential line receiver (AM 26LV 32) through a transmission medium, converts the differential signal into the single-ended signal to be transmitted to the receiving end of the COMS image sensor 3 through the processing of the differential line receiver (AM 26LV 32), and completes the long-distance stable and reliable transmission of the control command, thereby effectively solving the problem of long-distance image data stable and reliable transmission of a solar sensor device
The invention adopts an enhanced hardware circuit design scheme and a low-voltage differential signal transmission method as a long-distance signal processing unit 5 to effectively solve the problem of stable and reliable transmission of long-distance image data of the sun sensor device. The design scheme of the enhanced hardware circuit is that a control circuit adds a low-voltage high-speed four-differential line driver which converts an AM26LV31 single-ended signal into a differential signal at a data output end of a COMS image sensor 3 to send data, and the control circuit adopts an AM26LV32 to convert the differential signal into the single-ended signal to be transmitted to a microcontroller 6. The low-voltage differential signal transmission method is to adopt a twisted pair shielding wire and a terminal resistor intermediate transmission medium to conduct differential processing on a single-ended signal transmitting end, and to convert differential signals into single-ended signals for receiving at a terminal.
The microcontroller 6 of the sun sensor device selects STM32F429 chips with higher performance, has 12 16-bit timers, is provided with a DCMI (digital camera) synchronous parallel interface, receives 8-bit to 14-bit CMOS image data at high speed, adopts a hardware direct connection mode, and saves the design of circuit hardware.
The specific implementation mode is to adopt an enhanced hardware circuit design scheme and a low-voltage differential signal transmission method as a long-distance signal processing unit. As shown in fig. 2, in the sun sensor device, the COMS image data sensor 3 outputs image data to be transmitted to the low-voltage high-speed four-differential line driver AM26LV31, and the image data is processed by the AM26LV31, and the single-ended signal is converted into a differential signal, and the differential signal is transmitted to the differential line receiver AM26LV32 through the transmission medium twisted pair shielding line, and the differential signal is converted into the single-ended signal by the AM26LV32 processing, and then the single-ended signal is input to the microcontroller 6 unit, so that the transmission of the image data is reliably completed. The specific implementation mode of reliable and stable transmission of the control signal is that the microcontroller 6 sends the control signal to be processed by the AM26LV31, converts the single-ended signal into the differential signal to be transmitted to the input end of the differential line receiver AM26LV32 through a transmission medium, converts the differential signal into the single-ended signal to be transmitted to the receiving end of the COMS image sensor 3 through the AM26LV32, and the long-distance stable and reliable transmission of the control command is completed, so that the problem of the long-distance image data stable and reliable transmission of the sun sensor device is effectively solved.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (7)
1. A long-distance wide-field sun sensor device, characterized in that: the camera comprises a lens and a COMS image sensor, wherein a dimming filter is arranged on the lens, the COMS image sensor is electrically connected with a long-distance type processing unit, and the long-distance signal processing unit is electrically connected with a microprocessor;
the horizontal view field of the lens is 23 degrees, and the vertical view field of the lens is 17 degrees;
determining COMS image sensor element size from tan θ=w/HThe system precision requirement is met, wherein θ represents the design precision requirement, W represents the pixel size, and H represents the vertical distance from the lens center of the lens to the COMS image sensor; finally through tan (H x /2)＝N x /2×tan0.02°,tan(V x /2)＝N y Calculating the number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions by 2×tan0.02 DEG, H x Representing the horizontal angle of view, V x Representing a vertical field angle; under the condition of knowing a wide field angle, calculating to obtain a horizontal direction N x And a vertical direction N y Number of pixels.
2. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 1, wherein: the dimming filter comprises a solar filter and an adaptive gain adjustment and exposure time automatic adjustment function module.
3. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 1, wherein: the COMS image sensor unit adopts a model number MT9M001C12STM.
4. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 1, wherein: the long-distance signal processing unit converts a single-ended signal into a differential signal transmission control circuit, and an AM26LV32 circuit is added at the end of the circuit.
5. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 4, wherein: the long-distance signal processing unit converts the differential signal into a single-ended signal and transmits the single-ended signal to the microcontroller.
6. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 1, wherein: the microprocessor employs a high performance STM32F429 chip.
7. A long-range wide-field-of-view sun sensor device according to claim 1, wherein: the microprocessor includes a digital image processor and a memory.
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