Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a clearance thermal compensation structure and a rotating device, which can well compensate the clearance, and the composite gasket has high working reliability and is not easy to damage.
The embodiment of the application provides a clearance thermal compensation structure, which comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, a bearing and a composite gasket, wherein the rotating shaft is supported on the shell through the bearing;
the composite gasket comprises a base, a first gasket and a second gasket, the first gasket is arranged on one side, facing the limiting step, of the base, and the second gasket is arranged on one side, facing the bearing, of the base;
a gap is arranged between the first gasket and the base, the first gasket expands along with the rise of temperature, and fills the gap to abut against one side of the base after the preset temperature is exceeded; the second gasket abuts against the other side of the base.
Furthermore, be provided with the holding tank on the spacing step, first gasket is installed in the holding tank.
Furthermore, a first mounting section is arranged on one side, facing the limiting step, of the base, the first mounting section extends into the accommodating groove, and the gap is formed between the end face of the first mounting section and the first gasket;
the main body part of the base abuts against the limiting step.
Further, the holding tank is the ring channel that sets up along casing axial direction, first installation section is annular cylinder section.
Further, one side of the base facing the bearing is provided with a second mounting section, and the second gasket is mounted on the second mounting section.
Further, the second installation section is an annular cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the second installation section is smaller than that of the first installation section.
Further, the clearance thermal compensation structure also comprises a wear-resistant part, the wear-resistant part is arranged between the second gasket and the bearing, and the second gasket is propped against the bearing through the wear-resistant part.
Further, one side of the base facing the second gasket is provided with a second mounting section, and the wear-resistant piece is at least partially mounted on the second mounting section.
Further, the first and second shims may have different coefficients of thermal expansion and/or different thicknesses.
Further, the first gasket and the second gasket are annular rubber, and/or the wear-resistant piece is a steel ring.
The embodiment of the application also provides a rotating device which comprises the clearance thermal compensation structure.
Compared with some technologies, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the clearance thermal compensation structure that this application embodiment provided uses the clearance that produces because of the temperature generates between compound gasket compensation casing and the bearing, and the laminating clearance that compound gasket can be better is along with the change curve of temperature, promptly, and compound gasket can compensate the clearance better. Moreover, when the temperature is relatively low, the gap compensation can be realized only by the second gasket; when the temperature is relatively high, clearance compensation can be realized jointly by first gasket and second gasket, and single gasket can not receive too big extrusion force because of the high temperature, and first gasket and second gasket can use repeatedly many times, and operational reliability is high, long service life.
The rotating device provided by the embodiment of the application has the above gap thermal compensation structure, can realize a better gap compensation effect in the temperature change process, and has high working reliability.
Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the description that follows.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The existing single gasket is heated to linearly expand, and cannot effectively compensate the thermal expansion difference between the shell and the rotating shaft caused by different materials; meanwhile, the pre-tightening force of the bearing required by different rotating speeds of the motor is different, the pre-tightening force needs to be adjusted in a nonlinear mode, and the pre-tightening force provided by the gasket cannot be adjusted at will. After a gasket is subjected to high-low temperature circulation for a certain number of times or compression-relaxation work circulation for a certain number of times, plastic deformation is easy to occur to cause failure.
The embodiment of the application provides a clearance thermal compensation structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clearance thermal compensation structure comprises a shell 1, a rotating shaft 2, a bearing 3 and a composite gasket 4, wherein the rotating shaft 2 is supported on the shell 1 through the bearing 3, a limiting step 11 is arranged on the shell 1, and the composite gasket 4 is arranged between the limiting step 11 and the bearing 3; the composite gasket 4 comprises a base 43, a first gasket 41 and a second gasket 42, wherein the first gasket 41 is arranged on one side of the base 43 facing the limiting step 11, and the second gasket 42 is arranged on one side of the base 43 facing the bearing 3; a gap 5 is arranged between the first gasket 41 and the base 43, the first gasket 41 expands along with the rise of temperature, and fills the gap 5 to abut against one side of the base 43 after the preset temperature is exceeded; the second pad 42 abuts the other side of the base 43.
The bearing 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 2, and the bearing 3 is arranged in the housing 1, and the rotating shaft 2 rotates in the housing 1. The limit step 11 of the housing 1 abuts against the bearing 3 to axially limit the bearing 3. Both ends of the rotating shaft 2 are provided with bearings 3, and the two bearings 3 are respectively abutted against two limiting steps 11 on the shell 1 to realize the over-positioning of the rotating shaft 2.
In the working process, along with the rise of the temperature, the shell 1 and the rotating shaft 2 both expand with heat and contract with cold, and because the materials of the shell 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are different, the thermal expansion coefficient of the shell 1 is larger than that of the rotating shaft 2, in other words, along with the rise of the temperature, a gap is generated at the abutting surface between the limiting step 11 and the bearing 3. In the embodiment of the present application, a composite gasket 4 is disposed between the limit step 11 and the bearing 3 to perform clearance compensation.
During the early stage of temperature increase (i.e. relatively low temperature), both the first pad 41 and the second pad 42 will expand due to heat, but because a gap is left between the first pad 41 and the base 43 during assembly, the first pad 41 will not abut against the base, and the first pad 41 will not generate the effect of gap compensation. The second gasket 42 is thermally expanded to perform the gap compensation.
At the later stage of the temperature rise (i.e. at a relatively high temperature), the first pad 41 fills the gap and abuts against the base 43 as the first pad 41 expands, and the first pad 41 and the second pad 42 perform the gap compensation together.
Compare in the single gasket that is limited to carry out clearance compensation, the clearance thermal compensation structure that this application embodiment provided adopts the gasket of different quantity to carry out clearance compensation in the earlier stage and the later stage of intensification, makes composite pad 4's length along with temperature variation curve, and the clearance of laminating more is along with temperature variation curve, and better carries out clearance compensation, avoids the gasket to warp too much, the atress too big and leads to the condition that the gasket became invalid.
It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the example "the second shim 42 performs the clearance compensation function in the early stage of the temperature rise, and the first shim 41 and the second shim 42 perform the clearance compensation function together in the later stage of the temperature rise" is taken as an example, and in practical applications, this may be adjusted, for example: three or more gaskets are arranged, the gaskets with different numbers play a role in clearance compensation at different temperature rising stages, the setting number and the position of the base 43 can be adjusted in an adaptive mode, and the application is not limited to the adjustment.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stopping step 11 is provided with a receiving groove 12, and the first gasket 41 is mounted in the receiving groove 12.
Be provided with holding tank 12 on spacing step 11, holding tank 12 is used for holding first gasket 41, and first gasket 41 is heated expansion in holding tank 12 to support base 43 when the temperature reaches preset temperature.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a side of the base 43 facing the limit step 11 is provided with a first installation section 431, the first installation section 431 extends into the receiving groove 12, and a gap is provided between an end surface of the first installation section 431 and the first gasket 41; the body portion 433 of the base 43 abuts against the limit step 11.
The first installation section 431 of the base 43 extends into the receiving groove 12, and a gap is provided between the first installation section 431 and the first gasket 41, in other words, after the initial assembly is completed, the first gasket 41 is not in contact with the first installation section 431 of the base 43, but a gap is left. As the temperature gradually increases during operation, the first gasket 41 expands to gradually fill the gap and abut against the first installation section 431, thereby performing gap compensation.
It should be understood that the specific value of the gap can be adjusted according to actual requirements, so as to adjust the preset temperature of the first gasket 41 against the base 43.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the receiving groove 12 is an annular groove provided in the axial direction of the housing 1, and the first mounting section 431 is an annular cylindrical section. The cross section of the accommodating groove 12 is rectangular.
The first mounting section 431 is an annular cylindrical section which projects into the annular receiving groove 12. Annular holding tank 12 and first installation section 431, the cooperation mode is simple reliable, convenient assembling, location are accurate.
The first mounting section 431 may be a clearance fit with the receiving groove 12 to facilitate mounting.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a side of the base 43 facing the bearing 3 is provided with a second mounting section 432, and the second gasket 42 is mounted on the second mounting section 432. The second mounting section 432 is an annular cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the second mounting section 432 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first mounting section 431.
The second gasket 42 is sleeved on the annular second installation section 432, and the outer diameter of the second installation section 432 is smaller than that of the first installation section 431. The first gasket 41 and the second gasket 42 may be annular gaskets, and have the same inner and outer diameters.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clearance thermal compensation structure further includes a wear member 44, the wear member 44 is disposed between the second shim 42 and the bearing 3, and the second shim 42 abuts against the bearing 3 through the wear member 44.
The wear-resistant part 44 directly contacts the bearing 3, so that the second gasket 42 is prevented from being greatly worn in the working process, the working reliability of the second gasket 42 is improved, and the service life of the second gasket 42 is prolonged.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a side of the base 43 facing the second pad 42 is provided with a second mounting section 432, and the wear member 44 is at least partially mounted on the second mounting section 432.
The wear-resistant part 44 is at least partially arranged on the second mounting section 432, so that the positions of the wear-resistant part 44 and the base 43 are relatively fixed, the conditions of sliding and the like of the wear-resistant part 44 in the working process are avoided, the second gasket 42 is prevented from being damaged, and the normal work of the composite gasket 4 is ensured.
In actual installation, the second pad 42 is firstly sleeved on the second installation section 432, and then the wear-resistant member 44 is partially sleeved on the second installation section 432, and the wear-resistant member 44 abuts against the second pad 42.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first and second shims 41, 42 have different coefficients of thermal expansion and/or the first and second shims 41, 42 have different thicknesses.
The first gasket 41 and the second gasket 42 have different thermal expansion coefficients, so that the curve of the whole composite gasket 4 changing along with the temperature is more fit with the curve of the gap changing along with the temperature. The first gasket 41 and the second gasket 42 have different thicknesses, so that the amounts of expansion of the first gasket 41 and the second gasket 42, respectively, can be adjusted.
The thermal expansion coefficients of the first spacer 41 and the second spacer 42 can be selected according to the specific rotating shaft 2 and the casing 1.
Of course, the thermal expansion systems, thicknesses, and the like of the first and second shims 41 and 42 may be set to be the same as necessary.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first and second shims 41, 42 are annular rubber, and/or the wear member 44 is a steel ring.
The first and second shims 41, 42 are annular rubber shims, the wear member 44 is a steel ring, and the base 43 is steel. The base 43 may also be a ring structure as a whole, but the inner and outer diameters at the first and second mounting sections 431 and 432 are different, such as: the outer diameter of the first installation section 431 is greater than the outer diameter of the second installation section 432, the inner diameter of the first installation section 431 is greater than the inner diameter of the second installation section 432, and the inner diameter of the first installation section 431 may be equal to the outer diameter of the second installation section 432.
The clearance thermal compensation structure that this application embodiment provided had both kept basic elasticity, was provided with the wearing parts 44 of steel again and ensured intensity to realized derailleur or motor clearance compensation under different operating temperature and reached unanimity or adjust according to the pretightning force of rotational speed demand. The wear resistance of the composite washer 4 as a whole is also improved due to the wear resistant pieces 44 which are in direct contact with the outer ring of the bearing 3. When the temperature is less than the preset temperature (critical temperature), only the expansion volume of the second gasket 42 can be gap-compensated; when the preset temperature (critical temperature) is reached, the expansion volumes of the two gaskets can be subjected to clearance compensation together, and better clearance compensation performance is provided.
In practical operation, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. obtaining the thermal expansion coefficients of the shell aluminum material and the shaft steel material;
2. obtaining the length of the shell and the length of the rotating shaft;
3. obtaining the service temperature, calculating the difference value after thermal expansion according to the limit temperature, and drawing a difference value-temperature curve in the thermal expansion process; determining the pretightening force at the critical temperature;
4. respectively selecting the materials of the first gasket and the second gasket according to the curve in the step 3, and respectively calculating the thickness (volume) of the gasket and the gap between the first gasket and the base;
5. designing an accommodating groove according to the size of rubber;
6. and calculating and checking and testing and checking.
The embodiment of the application also provides a rotating device which comprises the clearance thermal compensation structure.
The rotating device provided by the embodiment of the application has the clearance thermal compensation structure, and in the temperature change process, the rotating device can realize a better clearance compensation effect and is high in working reliability.
The rotating device can be a motor, a reducer and the like.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "one end", "one side", and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structures referred to have a specific direction, are configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "mounted," and "mounted" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the term "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The embodiments described herein are exemplary rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements that have been disclosed in this application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form unique aspects as defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other aspects to form another unique aspect, as defined by the claims. Thus, it should be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented individually or in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited except as by the appended claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.