CN114759709A

CN114759709A - Double-layer winding based on local lead short-distance arrangement and flat wire motor

Info

Publication number: CN114759709A
Application number: CN202210464414.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢芳友
Original assignee: Shanghai Yiweike Motor Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Yiweike Motor Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-29
Filing date: 2022-04-29
Publication date: 2022-07-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer winding and flat wire motor based on local lead short-distance arrangement, and belongs to the technical field of stator windings and motors. The number Q of each phase of each pole of the motor is 1 or 2, at least four layers of wires with the same number are arranged in each stator slot, wherein each phase of each pole is distributed in 2 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of the wires of the same phase in the 2 continuous stator slots is respectively a layer and n-a layers, or each phase of each pole is distributed in 3 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of the wires of the same phase in the 3 continuous stator slots is distributed into a layer, n layer and n-a layer, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer. The invention has the advantages that aiming at the motor with less slots of each phase of each pole, a good winding harmonic suppression effect is achieved through the short-distance design of local leads, and meanwhile, a higher winding coefficient and a larger torque output capability of the motor are considered.

Description

Double-layer winding and flat wire motor based on short-distance arrangement of local wires

Technical Field

The invention relates to a double-layer stator winding and a motor, in particular to a double-layer winding and flat wire motor based on local lead short-distance arrangement, and belongs to the technical field of stator windings and motors.

Background

When the number of conductors in each phase of each pole of the motor is small, the manufacturing process of the motor is simple and the manufacturing cost is low, but the too small number of slots in each phase of each pole leads the harmonic suppression capability of the motor winding to be prior. The method of adopting the short-distance winding is a common means for improving the harmonic suppression effect of the winding, and in the existing short-distance winding scheme, a part of wires in stator slots are generally uniformly divided into two parts to form an upper-layer coil and a lower-layer coil, which can be specifically seen in the attached drawings 1 and 2 of the specification, but the method needs to sacrifice the capability of coupling a magnetic field of a winding, and can affect the improvement of the power density of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a double-layer winding and flat wire motor based on local lead short-distance arrangement, the winding and the motor play a good winding harmonic suppression effect, and simultaneously, a higher winding coefficient and a larger torque output capacity of the motor are considered.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses a double-layer winding based on local wire short-distance arrangement, which comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots, the number Q of each phase slot of each pole of a motor is 1 or 2, n layers of square wires with the same number are arranged in each stator slot, and n is more than or equal to 4 and is an integer;

the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 2 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 2 continuous stator slots is a layer and n-a layers, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer; or the like, or a combination thereof,

the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 3 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 3 continuous stator slots is a layer, n layers and n-a layers, the stator slots with the n layers are arranged between the stator slots with the a layers and the stator slots with the n-a layers, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer.

Preferably, the a-layer square wires and the n-a layer square wires which are out of phase in the same stator slot are arranged closely and continuously, the a-layer square wires are arranged at any position of the bottom of the stator slot or the notch of the stator slot, and the n-a layer square wires are arranged at the side, opposite to the arrangement position of the a-layer square wires, in the same stator slot.

Preferably, the groove type of the stator groove is a stator groove with equal groove width or a stator groove with unequal groove width, wherein the a-layer square conducting wires in the stator groove with unequal groove width are distributed in a plurality of groove layers close to the bottom of the stator groove or a plurality of groove layers close to the notch of the stator groove in the stator groove.

Preferably, 1-2 square wires are arranged in each layer of groove layer in the stator grooves with different groove widths, and the square wires in the same groove layer belong to the same-phase wires.

Preferably, the stator slots with unequal slot widths are multi-stage stepped slots, and the multi-stage stepped slots are at least two stages.

Preferably, an insulating sheet layer is arranged between the square wires of different phases in the same stator slot.

Preferably, when Q is 1, a/n is not more than 1/5.

Preferably, when Q is 2, a/n is not more than 1/4.

The invention also discloses a flat wire motor which comprises any one of the double-layer windings based on the short-distance arrangement of the conducting wires.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the application double-layer winding and the motor using the winding play a good winding harmonic suppression effect through the short-distance design of local wires, and simultaneously take into account higher winding coefficients and the larger torque output capacity of the motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art comparative example 1 (Q1 and "3 + 3" wire) winding layout;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art comparative example 2 (Q2 and "4 +8+ 4" wire) winding layout;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of winding layout in embodiment 1 of the present application (Q ═ 1 and "2 + 4" wiring);

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of winding layout in embodiment 2 of the present application (Q ═ 1 and "1 + 5" layout);

fig. 5 is one of the winding layout schematic diagrams of embodiment 3 of the present application (Q2 and "2 +6+ 4" wire);

fig. 6 is a second schematic diagram of winding layout of embodiment 3 of the present application (Q ═ 2 and "2 +6+ 4" wiring);

fig. 7 is one of the winding layout diagrams of embodiment 4 of the present application (Q ═ 2 and "1 +6+ 5" wiring);

fig. 8 is a second schematic diagram of winding layout of embodiment 4 of the present application (Q ═ 2 and "1 +6+ 5" wiring);

fig. 9 is one of the winding layout schematics (straight-sided stepped slot) of the present application embodiment 5(Q ═ 2 and "2 +8+ 6" wire);

fig. 10 is the second (oblique stepped slot) of the winding layout diagram of the present application embodiment 5(Q ═ 2 and "2 +8+ 6" wiring);

fig. 11 is a third schematic layout (a hypotenuse stepped slot) of the winding of embodiment 5 of the present application (Q2 and "2 +8+ 6" wire);

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of winding layout in embodiment 6 of the present application (Q ═ 2 and "1 +7+ 6" wiring).

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means of the present invention clearer and to make the technical means of the present invention capable of being implemented according to the content of the specification, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are provided for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The following describes in detail a double-layer winding based on a local wire stub arrangement as described in the present application, which is suitable for the case where the number Q of slots per phase per pole of the electrical machine is 1 or 2. The double-layer winding comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots, n layers of square wires with the same number are arranged in each stator slot, and n is not less than 4 and is an integer.

The first case is: the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 2 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 2 continuous stator slots is a layer and n-a layers, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer.

The specific embodiment 1 will be described in detail with Q1, n 6, and a 2, and the wiring method thereof is simply referred to as "2 + 4" wiring method, and the specific short-pitch winding wiring method is shown in fig. 3 of the specification. In the specific embodiment, the number Q of each phase slot of each pole is 1, and 6 layers of square wires are arranged in each stator slot. For example, the square wires of the a phase in the N pole are distributed in the continuous 1 slot and 2 slots (the first slot and the second slot from left to right under the N pole in fig. 3), the number of the layers of the square wires of the a phase in the 1 slot is 4, and the number of the layers of the square wires of the a phase in the 2 slot is 2. For another example, the square wires of the C phase in the N pole are distributed in 2 and 3 continuous slots (the second and third slots from left to right under the N pole in fig. 3), the number of layers of the C phase wires in the 2 slots is 4, and the number of layers of the C phase wires in the 3 slots is 2.

The specific embodiment 2 can be described in detail with Q being 1, n being 6 and a being 1, and the wiring method is simply referred to as "1 + 5" wiring method, and the specific short pitch winding wiring method is shown in fig. 4 in the specification. The specific analysis thereof refers to specific example 1, which is not described in detail herein.

The second case is: the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 3 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 3 continuous stator slots is a layer, n layers and n-a layers, the stator slots with the n layers are arranged between the stator slots with the a layers and the stator slots with the n-a layers, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer.

The following describes in detail a specific example 3, in which Q is 2, n is 6, and a is 2, and the wiring method is simply referred to as "2 +6+ 4" wiring method, and in particular, the short-distance winding wiring method is shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6 of the specification. In the specific embodiment, the number Q of slots of each phase of each pole is 2, and 6 layers of square wires are arranged in each stator slot. The description is given by taking the accompanying 5 of the specification as an example: for example, the wires of the a phase in the N pole are distributed in the continuous 1, 2 and 3 slots (the first, second and third slots from left to right under the N pole in fig. 5), the number of layers of the wires of the a phase in the 1 slot is 2, the number of layers of the wires of the a phase in the 2 slot is 6, the number of layers of the wires of the a phase in the 3 slot is 4, and the design of the 6 layers is between the design of the 2 and 4 layers. For another example, the C-phase wires in the N-pole are distributed in 3, 4 and 5 continuous slots (the third, fourth and fifth slots from left to right in fig. 5), the number of C-phase wires in the 3 slots is 2, the number of C-phase wires in the 4 slots is 6, the number of C-phase wires in the 5 slots is 4, and the 6-layer design is between the 2 and 4-layer designs. The wiring shown in fig. 6 of the specification corresponds to the wiring shown in fig. 5 of the specification.

Further, Q ═ 2, n ═ 6, and a ═ 1 will be described in detail as specific example 4, and the wiring pattern will be simply referred to as "1 +6+ 5" wiring pattern, and specific short-pitch winding wiring pattern will be described with reference to fig. 7 and 8 in the specification. The specific analysis thereof refers to specific example 3, which is not described in detail herein.

Further, the embodiment 5 will be described in detail with Q2, n 8 and a 2, and the wiring scheme thereof is simply referred to as "2 +8+ 6", and the specific short-pitch winding wiring scheme is shown in the description fig. 9, 10 and 11. The specific analysis thereof refers to specific example 3, which is not described in detail herein.

Further, Q ═ 2, n ═ 7, and a ═ 1 will be described in detail as specific example 6, and the wiring pattern will be simply referred to as "1 +7+ 6" wiring pattern, and specifically, the short-pitch winding wiring pattern will be described with reference to fig. 12 in the specification. Specific analysis thereof is described in reference to specific example 3, which is not described in detail herein.

In both the first and second cases, the a-layer square wires and the n-a layer square wires which are out of phase in the same stator slot are arranged next to each other and continuously, wherein the a-layer square wires are arranged at any position of the bottom of the stator slot or the notch of the stator slot, and the n-a layer square wires are arranged at the opposite side of the a-layer square wires in the same stator slot. By designing in this way, the interlayer insulation between the wires in different phases in the same stator slot is the easiest to handle, and only the insulation between the a-layer square wire and the n-a layer square wire is needed.

This part is embodied in the above embodiment 1 (see fig. 3 of the specification), where 4 layers of the phase a wires in 1 slot under the N-pole and 2 layers of the phase B wires in 1 slot are closely adjacent and continuously arranged, where the 2 layers of the phase B wires are arranged on the side close to the slot bottom in the stator slot, and the 4 layers of the phase a wires are arranged on the side close to the slot opening in the stator slot; the cases of the 2 nd and 3 rd slots under the N-pole, and the cases of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd slots under the S-pole are the same as those of the 1 st slot under the N-pole.

In the above specific embodiment 3 (see fig. 5 in the specification), 2 layers of the phase a wires in the 1 slot under the N-pole and 4 layers of the phase B wires in the 1 slot are adjacently and continuously arranged, wherein the phase a wires are arranged on the side close to the slot bottom in the stator slot, and the phase B wires are arranged on the side close to the slot opening in the stator slot; the cases of the 3 rd and 5 th grooves under the N-pole are the same. Or as in the description of the attached figure 6, 4 layers of the phase A conducting wires in the 1 slot under the N pole and 2 layers of the phase B conducting wires in the 1 slot are closely adjacent and continuously arranged, wherein the 4 layers of the phase A conducting wires are arranged at one side close to the bottom of the slot in the stator slot, and the 2 layers of the phase B conducting wires are arranged at one side close to the slot opening in the stator slot; the cases of the 3 rd and 5 th grooves under the N-pole are the same.

The groove type of the stator groove can be a stator groove with equal groove width or a stator groove with unequal groove width, wherein a layers of square conducting wires in the stator groove with unequal groove width are distributed in a plurality of groove layers close to the bottom of the stator groove or a plurality of groove layers close to the notch of the stator groove. 1-2 square wires are arranged in each layer of groove layer in stator grooves with different groove widths, and the square wires in the same groove layer belong to the same-phase wires. The stator slots with unequal slot widths are multistage stepped slots, and the multistage stepped slots are at least two stages. And an insulating sheet layer is arranged between the square wires of different phases in the same stator slot.

The same effect can be obtained in the case of stator slots with equal slot width, as shown in embodiments 1 to 4, where the a-layer wires are located close to the slot opening layer or close to the slot bottom layer, as described above.

When the stator slots are stator slots with unequal slot widths, the wiring mode can be referred to the wiring mode shown in the attached figures 9-11 in the specification.

Referring to one of the wiring schemes of the specific embodiment 5 shown in the attached fig. 9 of the specification, the stator slot is designed as a multi-step slot, here designed as two-step slot width, wherein the slot layer with wider slot width is designed at the position close to the slot of the stator slot, and the slot layer is designed as one layer, and the two wires can be accommodated in parallel in the slot layer. The number of the phase-A wires in 1 groove under the N pole (the first stator groove from left to right under the N pole) is 2 (namely a is 2), the 2 wires are parallelly distributed in one layer of groove layer with wider groove width, the number of the phase-B wires is 6, and the 6 wires are distributed in 6 layers of groove layers with narrower groove width in a one-line shape. The insulation sheet layer is required to be arranged between the A-phase wire and the B-phase wire in the same stator slot, the A-phase wire and the B-phase wire are just arranged in the slot widths of two sizes in different slot width designs and wiring modes, and the insulation sheet layer can be clamped by utilizing the steps of the slot widths, so that the clamping structure of the insulation sheet layer is simplified.

Referring to the second and third wiring schemes of the embodiment 5 shown in the accompanying drawings 10 and 11, the stator slots are designed into multi-step slots, and here, the slots are designed into three-step slot widths, and the three-step slot widths are gradually narrowed from the slot bottom to the slot opening. The widest groove layer is positioned close to the groove bottom of the stator and is a layer, and two wires can be accommodated in the widest groove layer in parallel; the narrowest slot layer is positioned close to the slot of the stator slot and is divided into two layers, and only one wire can be accommodated in each layer of the narrowest slot layer; the middle groove width is positioned in the middle and is multi-layer (two layers), and two wires can be accommodated in the middle groove width layer of each layer in parallel. The following is a detailed description of the embodiment with reference to fig. 10: 2 (namely a is equal to 2) phase conductors in 1 groove below an N pole (the first stator groove from left to right below the N pole), 6 (namely N-a is equal to 6) phase conductors in the A phase, 2B phase conductors are parallelly distributed in the widest groove layer, 2 of the 6A phase conductors are respectively distributed in 2 narrowest groove layers and 1 conductor is distributed in each groove layer, and the rest 4A phase conductors are distributed in two medium groove width groove layers in a mode that 2 conductors in each groove layer are parallelly distributed; 6A-phase conductors in 2 grooves below the N pole (the second stator groove from left to right below the N pole) are all distributed according to the mode; in 3 grooves (the third stator groove from left to right under the N utmost point) under the N utmost point A looks wire be 2 and parallel cloth in the widest groove layer, B looks wire is 6, 4 of them are laid in two-layer medium groove width inslot according to the mode that 2 parallel cloth of per groove layer, and remaining 2 are laid in the narrowest groove layer according to 1 per groove layer. For the case that a is 2 and the a wires are arranged in the slot layer at the bottom of the stator slot, the case that the a wires are arranged in the slot layer at the slot opening of the stator slot refers to fig. 11 in the specification, that is, the a wires are arranged in the 2 slot layers at the slot opening, and the detailed arrangement mode is not repeated here.

In addition, referring to the embodiment 6 shown in fig. 12 of the specification, the stator slots are designed to be three-step slot width and narrow in sequence from the slot bottom to the slot opening. In the embodiment, the widest groove layer is positioned close to the groove bottom of the stator groove and is a layer, the narrowest groove layer is positioned close to the groove opening of the stator groove and is also a layer, two conducting wires can be parallelly accommodated in the widest groove layer, and only one conducting wire can be accommodated in the narrowest groove layer. The number of the A-phase wires in 1 groove below an N pole (the first stator groove from left to right under the N pole) is 6 (namely N-a is 6), the number of the B-phase wires is 1 (namely a is 1), 2 of the 6A-phase wires are parallelly distributed in the widest groove layer, the rest 4A-phase wires are distributed in 4 groove layers with medium groove widths in a one-line shape, and 1B-phase wire is distributed in the narrowest groove layer. An insulating sheet layer is required to be arranged between the A-phase wire and the B-phase wire in the same stator slot, the insulating sheet layer can be clamped at the steps of the stator slot with the middle slot width and the narrowest slot width, and the insulating sheet layer can be clamped by the steps with the slot widths, so that the clamping structure of the insulating sheet layer is simplified.

Compared with a traditional winding structure with separately arranged upper and lower layers of windings, the winding structure can effectively reduce the torque loss of a motor under the condition that the harmonic wave improvement yield is close. The following description will be made with reference to specific data alignment.

The description will be given by taking as an example that the number of slots per pole per phase Q is 1, the slot phase angle is 60 °, and 6 wire windings per slot.

Comparative example 1: the traditional double-layer short-distance winding mode is a 3+3 arrangement, and the specific winding mode is shown in the attached figure 1 in the specification.

After the traditional double-layer winding is designed, the fundamental wave is 1/2sin (ω t + θ +30) +1/2sin (ω t + θ -30), and the unit per unit of the back potential is reduced by 13.4% compared with the unit per unit of the back potential of the single-layer winding which is not subjected to short-distance design.

After the short-distance winding mode is adopted to carry out the layout of '1 + 5' (namely the layout mode of the specific embodiment 2 shown in the attached figure 4 of the specification), the fundamental wave is 1/6sin (ω t + θ +30) +5/6sin (ω t + θ -30), and the per-unit value of the counter-potential is reduced by only 7% compared with the per-unit value of the counter-potential of a single-layer winding without short-distance design.

The results of finite element simulations using the same conditions are set forth in table 1.

Table 1 finite element simulation results (Q ═ 1, slot phase angle 60 °, 6 wires per slot)

Therefore, compared with the traditional short-distance mode, the torque loss of the motor can be effectively reduced by adopting the short-distance design based on the local wires, aiming at Q1 and 6 wire windings in each slot, and the harmonic improvement yield is similar.

The description will be given by taking an example in which the number of slots per pole per phase Q is 2, the slot phase angle is 30 °, and 8 wire windings per slot.

Comparative example 2: the traditional double-layer short-distance winding mode is a 4+8+4 arrangement, and the specific winding mode is shown in the attached figure 2 in the specification.

After the traditional double-layer winding is designed, the fundamental wave is 1/2sin (ω t + θ +30) + sin (ω t + θ) +1/2sin (ω t + θ -30), and the unit per unit of the counter potential is reduced by 3.4% compared with the unit per unit of the counter potential of the single-layer winding which is not subjected to short-distance design.

After the short-distance winding manner described in this application is adopted to perform the "2 +8+ 6" layout (i.e., the layout manner of the specific embodiment 5 shown in fig. 9 of the specification), the fundamental wave is 1/4sin (ω t + θ +30) + sin (ω t + θ) +3/4sin (ω t + θ -30), and the per-unit value of the back-emf is reduced by only 2.5% compared with the per-unit value of the back-emf of a single-layer winding without the short-distance design.

The results of finite element simulations using the same conditions are set forth in table 2.

Table 2 finite element simulation results (Q2, slot phase angle 30 °, 8 wires per slot)

It can be seen that compared to the conventional short-distance method, for Q2, the yield of the local-wire-based short-distance torque sacrifice using the local wire described in this application per slot is much greater than the yield of the harmonic improvement performance reduction.

In the application, when Q is equal to 1, a/n is equal to or less than 1/5, and when Q is equal to 2, a/n is equal to or less than 1/4, torque loss of the motor can be effectively controlled.

In addition, the application also discloses a flat wire motor which comprises the double-layer winding based on the short-distance arrangement of the conducting wires.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a double-deck winding based on local wire short distance is arranged, this double-deck winding includes stator core, has a plurality of stator slot on the stator core, its characterized in that: the number Q of each phase of slots of each pole of the motor is 1 or 2, n layers of square conducting wires with the same number are arranged in each stator slot, and n is more than or equal to 4 and is an integer;

the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 2 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 2 continuous stator slots is a layer and n-a layers, and a is less than n/2 and is an integer; or the like, or, alternatively,

the square conducting wires of each phase of each pole are distributed in 3 continuous stator slots, the number of layers of conducting wires of the same phase in the 3 continuous stator slots is a layer, n layers and n-a layers, the n layers of stator slots are distributed between the stator slots with the a layers and the stator slots with the n-a layers, and a is smaller than n/2 and is an integer.

2. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: the layer a square wires and the layer n-a square wires which are different in phase in the same stator slot are closely and continuously arranged, the layer a square wires are arranged at any position of the bottom of the stator slot or the notch of the stator slot, and the layer n-a square wires are arranged at the side, opposite to the arrangement position of the layer a square wires, in the same stator slot.

3. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein: the groove type of the stator groove is equal in groove width or unequal in groove width, and the a-layer square conducting wires in the stator groove with unequal in groove width are distributed in a plurality of groove layers close to the bottom of the stator groove in the stator groove or a plurality of groove layers close to the notch of the stator groove.

4. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 3, wherein: 1-2 square wires are arranged in each layer of groove layer in stator grooves with different groove widths, and the square wires in the same groove layer belong to the same-phase wires.

5. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 3, wherein: the stator slots with different slot widths are multi-stage stepped slots, and the multi-stage stepped slots are at least two stages.

6. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 2, wherein: and an insulating sheet layer is arranged between the square wires of different phases in the same stator slot.

7. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: when Q is 1, a/n is less than or equal to 1/5.

8. The double-layer winding based on the local wire short pitch arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: when Q is 2, a/n is not more than 1/4.

9. A flat wire motor is characterized in that: double layer winding comprising the wire-stub-based arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 8.