CN114755256A - Method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of shale - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of the shale, which comprises the following steps: s1 dividing the shale lithofacies; s2 obtaining pyrolysis parameter values S before different lithofacies oil washing1、S2Corresponding pyrolysis parameters S after oil washing1' and S2'; s3 respectively calculates each lithofacies S1Coefficient of restitution K of1And heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2(ii) a S4, the loss coefficient Y of each lithofacies hydrocarbon is obtained, and the loss quantity S of each lithofacies hydrocarbon is calculatedH(ii) a S5, calculating the original total oil content Sc of each lithofacies. The invention pyrolyzes hydrocarbons S1Light hydrocarbon recovery and heavy hydrocarbon correction are carried out, different loss rates of hydrocarbon components of different lithofacies at different maturity stages are considered, and the loss quantity S of hydrocarbon in the prior method is improvedHThe obtained defects enable the evaluation accuracy of the oil content of the shale to be higher and the error to be smaller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum, in particular to a method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of the shale.
Background
The increasing rise of energy demand and the continuous consumption of conventional oil gas resources make the contradiction between oil gas supply and demand increasingly prominent. Therefore, the unconventional energy is increasingly receiving attention. Shale oil is used as an important component of unconventional energy, and the exploration strength is enhanced at home and abroad. As an important link of oil and gas exploration, resource amount calculation is one of essential steps of shale oil exploration, shale oil is taken as a typical unconventional resource, parameters selected in the resource evaluation process are obviously different from conventional oil and gas resource evaluation, the conventional resource can usually adopt various evaluation methods, such as an analogy method, a statistical method, a cause method, a volume method and the like, and the shale oil resource evaluation is widely accepted and applied as the volume method. In terms of a volume method, the parameters selected by shale oil resource evaluation and conventional oil and gas resource evaluation are different, the conventional resource mainly uses porosity and oil saturation to describe the oil content of a reservoir, and the porosity and oil saturation of shale are difficult to accurately measure due to the limitation of experimental means, so that the prior proposal of using the parameter for reflecting the hydrocarbon content of shale to pyrolyze the hydrocarbon S1To perform resource evaluation on the shale oil.
S1Defined as free hydrocarbons in the rock, and hydrocarbons that have been produced and remain in the rock. At present, S1Obtained from a rock pyrolysis analyzer and used for heating a rock sample to a temperature of not more than 300 deg.C to volatilize hydrocarbons, substantially C7-33The hydrocarbon of (1). However, the samples used for the pyrolysis analysis tend to stand for a long time in the core bank in which the gaseous hydrocarbon C is present1-5Light hydrocarbon C6-13There has been more loss. Meanwhile, it has been shown in studies that pyrolytic analysis of rock yields S2(referred to as cracked hydrocarbons, which were conventionally thought to be formed by the thermal cracking of solid kerogen during pyrolysis analysis and which represent the hydrocarbon-generating capacity of kerogen) there is a portion of previously formed liquid hydrocarbons which have a relatively high molecular weight and are obtained as S from a rock pyrolysis analyzer1And does not represent the amount of hydrocarbons retained in the subterranean rock. Subsurface shale oil should contain three fractions of hydrocarbons: 1. actual measurement of S1(ii) a 2. Small hydrocarbons that have been lost prior to pyrolysis analysis; 3. go to S2First of (1)Previously formed liquid hydrocarbons. Therefore, shale oil resource evaluation needs to be carried out S1Light hydrocarbon recovery and heavy hydrocarbon rectification.
The prior method comprises the following steps: patent application No. 202110079273.X 'method for evaluating oil content of shale by pyrolysis before and after extraction' proposes a method for recovering S by light hydrocarbon0And recovering the total oil content Sc of the shale by the difference of the pyrolysis of the samples before and after oil washing, wherein the Sc is S0+△S1+△S2. The disadvantage is S0Only C is considered for recovering light hydrocarbon1-5Amount of loss, C, during drilling and long-term preservation of cores, was not taken into account5-14Will lose the condition of C14-In the general calculation of the hydrocarbon loss, the objective factors that the hydrocarbon loss component is changed from light to heavy as the maturity is increased are not considered, and the calculation result is compared with the calculation result of the invention, as shown in fig. 3.
The prior method II comprises the following steps: the literature of Huangwen Biao et al, "shale organic heterogeneous evaluation and its application in shale oil resource evaluation-for example, the Qingshan Kou group at south of Songliao basin", utilizes light hydrocarbon loss coefficient KLight and lightweightAnd heavy hydrocarbon correction factor KHeavy loadTo the pyrolysis value S1Recovering to obtain the total oil content Sc ═ K of the shaleLight and lightweightS1+KHeavy loadS1. Albeit to S1Light hydrocarbon recovery is carried out, but S generated by secondary pyrolysis after oil washing is ignored1The value is S2The new products from the pyrolysis of the components or kerogen should not be accounted for in the amount of light hydrocarbon loss from the initial sample.
There is also the literature "parameters for pyrolysis S" of Licheng et al1Correction and significance of light hydrocarbon and heavy hydrocarbon-using Bohai Bay basin civil minimum dump E2 S4(2)Section example ", the light hydrocarbon loss coefficient is determined to be 0.5, original S1Can be defined as S1Recovery of light hydrocarbon is 0.5 × (S)1Measured + Δ S2) Therefore, the oil content Sc of shale is S1Light hydrocarbon recovery amount + actually measured S1+ΔS2. The literature of horse dawn, natural and natural et al, "quantitative evaluation method of chemical kinetics of oiliness of continental shale", carries out 2 times of pyrolysis of the same sample, one timeThe total oil content expression of the whole rock sample and the whole rock sample after dissolution and extraction are used for the other time as follows: t is a unit of0＝(S1-S1x)+(S2-S2x)。
As described above, these methods have some drawbacks in finding the amount of hydrocarbon lost. In addition, different shale facies have different structures, the mobility of crude oil is different, the hydrocarbon loss rate is different, and the evaluation of the oil content of shale is directly influenced. The lithology is not distinguished in the existing method, the obtained recovery coefficient is directly and universally used for evaluating the oil-containing property of various lithofacies shales in a research area, and the error is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The method ignores the differences of the hydrocarbon loss rates of different lithofacies and the hydrocarbon loss quantity SHThe invention provides a method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of the shale.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of the shale comprises the following steps:
s1: dividing shale lithofacies:
specifically, four lithofacies, namely lamellar, striated lamellar, blocky and shale, are distinguished, the different lithofacies have different structures, the flowability of crude oil is different, the hydrocarbon loss rate is different, and the evaluation of the oil content of the shale can be directly influenced.
S2: under the condition of room temperature, firstly, packaging 100-200g of shale with different lithofacies by using filter paper, loading the shale into a Soxhlet extractor, then adding trichloromethane into the extractor, extracting a rock sample at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ until reflux is colorless, wherein the extraction process usually needs 72 hours, then taking out the rock sample, and carrying out a pyrolysis experiment after trichloromethane is completely volatilized at room temperature.
Crushing rock cores of different lithofacies to below 100 meshes, performing constant-speed heating pyrolysis experiment by using a rock pyrolysis analyzer, and respectively measuring pyrolysis parameter values S corresponding to rock phase samples before and after oil washing1、S2、S1’、S2'. Said S1Of free hydrocarbons in shale rock measured at pyrolysis temperatures not exceeding 300 DEG CContent of, said S2Is the content of pyrolysis hydrocarbon in the shale measured at the pyrolysis temperature of 300-600 ℃;
s3: respectively calculate each lithofacies S1Coefficient of restitution K of1And heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2；
S1Coefficient of restitution K of1：
S1Heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2：
S4: obtaining the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y of each lithofacies, and calculating the hydrocarbon loss quantity S of each lithofaciesH：
Selecting low-maturity or immature lithofacies shale samples to perform a gold tube thermal simulation experiment under a closed system to obtain C1-5/CGeneral assemblyCurve YIs low inAnd C1-14/CGeneral assemblyCurve YHeight of；
Due to C in crude oil at low maturity stage5-The components are more easily lost, and C in the crude oil at the high maturity stage14-The loss rate of hydrocarbon under real geological conditions should be in between, and therefore the curve of the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y lies at YIs low in、YHigh (a)Between the two curves, the start and end points are constrained by the upper and lower curves, approaching C at the stage of low maturity1-5/CGeneral (1)Curve, approaching C at high maturity1-14/CGeneral assemblyA curve defined by a formula fit to obtain a hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y;
amount of hydrocarbon loss S in each lithofaciesH：
SH＝Y×(S1+S2)
S5: calculating the original total oil content Sc of each lithofacies:
Sc＝SH+K1S1+K2S2
the invention has the beneficial effects that: for pyrolysis of hydrocarbon S1Light hydrocarbon recovery and heavy hydrocarbon correction are carried out, the different loss rates of hydrocarbon components of different lithofacies at different maturity stages are considered, and the loss quantity S of the hydrocarbon in the prior method is perfectedHThe obtained defects enable the evaluation accuracy of the oil content of the shale to be higher and the error to be smaller.
Drawings
To illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and are not to limit the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the original total oil content of each facies calculated by the present invention and compared to prior art method one.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of shale includes the following steps:
s1: dividing shale lithofacies:
specifically, four lithofacies, namely lamellar, striated lamellar, blocky and shale, are distinguished, different lithofacies have different structures, the flowability of crude oil is different, the hydrocarbon loss rate is different, and the evaluation of the oil content of shale can be directly influenced.
S2: under the condition of room temperature, firstly, packaging 100-200g of shale with different lithofacies by using filter paper, loading the shale into a Soxhlet extractor, then adding trichloromethane into the extractor, extracting a rock sample at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ until reflux is colorless, wherein the extraction process usually needs 72 hours, then taking out the rock sample, and carrying out a pyrolysis experiment after trichloromethane is completely volatilized at room temperature.
Crushing rock cores of different lithofacies to below 100 meshes, performing constant-speed heating pyrolysis experiment by using a rock pyrolysis analyzer, and respectively measuring pyrolysis parameter values S corresponding to rock phase samples before and after oil washing1、S2、S1’、S2'. Said S1Is the content of free hydrocarbons in the shale measured at a pyrolysis temperature not exceeding 300 ℃, S2Is the content of pyrolysis hydrocarbon in the shale measured at a pyrolysis temperature of 300 ℃ to 600 ℃.
S3: respectively calculate each lithofacies S1Coefficient of restitution K of1And heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2；
S1Coefficient of restitution K of1：
S1Heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2：
S4: obtaining the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y of each lithofacies, and calculating the hydrocarbon loss quantity S of each lithofaciesH：
Selecting low-maturity or immature lithofacies shale samples to perform gold tube thermal simulation experiment under a closed system to obtain C1-5/CGeneral assemblyCurve YIs low withAnd C1-14/CGeneral (1)Curve YHeight of；
Due to C in crude oil at low maturity stage5-The components are more easily lost, and C in the crude oil at the high maturity stage14-The loss rate of hydrocarbon under real geological conditions should be in between, and therefore the curve of the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y lies at YIs low with、YHigh (a)Between the two curves, as shown in FIG. 2, the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y start and end points are constrained by the upper and lower curves, approaching C at the low maturity stage1-5/CGeneral assemblyCurve, approaching C at high maturity1-14/CGeneral assemblyA curve defined by a formula fit to obtain a hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y;
amount of hydrocarbon lost from each lithofacies SH：
SH＝Y×(S1+S2)
S5: calculating the original total oil content Sc of each lithofacies:
Sc＝SH+K1S1+K2S2
the calculation result shows that the original total oil content Sc of each lithofacies is shown in figure 3.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for evaluating oil content of shale based on different lithofacies of the shale is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dividing shale lithofacies:
specifically distinguishing four lithofacies of a lamellar shape, a striated lamellar shape, a blocky shape and a page shape;
s2: respectively carrying out pyrolysis experiments on shale samples of different lithofacies before and after oil washing to respectively obtain pyrolysis parameter values S before different lithofacies oil washing1、S2Corresponding pyrolysis parameters S after oil washing1' and S2', said S1Is the content of free hydrocarbons in the shale measured at a pyrolysis temperature not exceeding 300 ℃, S2Is the content of pyrolysis hydrocarbon in the shale measured at the pyrolysis temperature of 300-600 ℃;
s3: respectively calculate each lithofacies S1Coefficient of restitution K of1And heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2；
S1Coefficient of restitution K of1：
S1Heavy hydrocarbon correction factor K2：
S4: obtaining the hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y of each lithofacies, and calculating the hydrocarbon loss quantity S of each lithofaciesH：
Selecting low-maturity or immature lithofacies shale samples to perform gold tube thermal simulation experiment under a closed system to obtain C1-5/CGeneral (1)Curve YIs low withAnd C1-14/CGeneral (1)Curve YHeight of；
The hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y is plotted at YIs low with、YHigh (a)Between the two curves, start and endBy the constraint of the upper and lower two curves, approach C at the low maturity stage1-5/CGeneral assemblyCurve, approaching C at high maturity stage1-14/CGeneral assemblyA curve defined by a formula fit to obtain a hydrocarbon loss coefficient Y;
amount of hydrocarbon lost from each lithofacies SH：
SH＝Y×(S1+S2)
S5: calculating the original total oil content Sc of each lithofacies:
Sc＝SH+K1S1+K2S2。
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the oil washing operation of step S2 is: under the condition of room temperature, firstly, packaging 100-200g of shale with different lithofacies by using filter paper, loading the shale into a Soxhlet extractor, then adding trichloromethane into the extractor, extracting a rock sample at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ until reflux is colorless, wherein the extraction process usually needs 72 hours, then taking out the rock sample, and carrying out a pyrolysis experiment after trichloromethane is completely volatilized at room temperature.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis experiment of the step S2 is specifically operated as follows: crushing rock cores of different lithofacies to below 100 meshes, performing constant-speed heating pyrolysis experiment by using a rock pyrolysis analyzer, and respectively measuring pyrolysis parameter values S corresponding to rock phase samples before and after oil washing1、S2、S1’、S2’。
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| WO2024082410A1 (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating shale occurrence oil and method for evaluating geological exploitable reserve of shale oil |
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